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Saunders TC, Larridon I, Baker WJ, Barrett RL, Forest F, Françoso E, Maurin O, Rokni S, Roalson EH. Tangled webs and spider-flowers: Phylogenomics, biogeography, and seed morphology inform the evolutionary history of Cleomaceae. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2024; 111:e16399. [PMID: 39206557 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
PREMISE Cleomaceae is an important model clade for studies of evolutionary processes including genome evolution, floral form diversification, and photosynthetic pathway evolution. Diversification and divergence patterns in Cleomaceae remain tangled as research has been restricted by its worldwide distribution, limited genetic sampling and species coverage, and a lack of definitive fossil calibration points. METHODS We used target sequence capture and the Angiosperms353 probe set to perform a phylogenetic study of Cleomaceae. We estimated divergence times and biogeographic analyses to explore the origin and diversification of the family. Seed morphology across extant taxa was documented with multifocal image-stacking techniques and morphological characters were extracted, analyzed, and compared to fossil records. RESULTS We recovered a well-supported and resolved phylogenetic tree of Cleomaceae generic relationships that includes 236 (~86%) species. We identified 11 principal clades and confidently placed Cleomella as sister to the rest of the family. Our analyses suggested that Cleomaceae and Brassicaceae diverged ~56 mya, and Cleomaceae began to diversify ~53 mya in the Palearctic and Africa. Multiple transatlantic disjunct distributions were identified. Seeds were imaged from 218 (~80%) species in the family and compared to all known fossil species. CONCLUSIONS Our results represent the most comprehensive phylogenetic study of Cleomaceae to date. We identified transatlantic disjunctions and proposed explanations for these patterns, most likely either long-distance dispersals or contractions in latitudinal distributions caused by climate change over geological timescales. We found that seed morphology varied considerably but mostly mirrored generic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa C Saunders
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164-4236, USA
| | | | | | - Russell L Barrett
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Australian Botanic Garden, Locked Bag 6002, Mount Annan, 2567, New South Wales, Australia
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Félix Forest
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UK
| | - Elaine Françoso
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UK
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Olivier Maurin
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UK
| | - Saba Rokni
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UK
| | - Eric H Roalson
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164-4236, USA
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Sokoloff PC, Murray DA, McBeth SR, Irvine MG, Rupert SM. Additions to the "Martian Flora": new botanical records from the Mars Desert Research Station, Utah. Biodivers Data J 2020; 8:e55063. [PMID: 32903960 PMCID: PMC7447676 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.8.e55063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS) is a Mars-simulation campus set in a Martian planetary analogue in southern Utah. Despite a long history of astrobiology research, collections-based taxonomic inventories of the macro-level biodiversity around the station are relatively new. This study serves to add to the initial vascular plant list published for the station in 2016, where 39 species were recorded for MDRS. Here we report 40 new species, two new taxa recorded only to genus and two species re-identified from our 2016 fieldwork, bringing the total number of taxa in the "Martian" flora to 79 species and two taxa recorded to genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C. Sokoloff
- Beaty Centre for Species Discovery, Canadian Museum of Nature, Gatineau, CanadaBeaty Centre for Species Discovery, Canadian Museum of NatureGatineauCanada
| | - David A. Murray
- Mars Society, Lakewood, United States of AmericaMars SocietyLakewoodUnited States of America
| | | | | | - Shannon M. Rupert
- Mars Society, Lakewood, United States of AmericaMars SocietyLakewoodUnited States of America
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Biogeography and diversification of Brassicales: A 103million year tale. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 99:204-224. [PMID: 26993763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Brassicales is a diverse order perhaps most famous because it houses Brassicaceae and, its premier member, Arabidopsis thaliana. This widely distributed and species-rich lineage has been overlooked as a promising system to investigate patterns of disjunct distributions and diversification rates. We analyzed plastid and mitochondrial sequence data from five gene regions (>8000bp) across 151 taxa to: (1) produce a chronogram for major lineages in Brassicales, including Brassicaceae and Arabidopsis, based on greater taxon sampling across the order and previously overlooked fossil evidence, (2) examine biogeographical ancestral range estimations and disjunct distributions in BioGeoBEARS, and (3) determine where shifts in species diversification occur using BAMM. The evolution and radiation of the Brassicales began 103Mya and was linked to a series of inter-continental vicariant, long-distance dispersal, and land bridge migration events. North America appears to be a significant area for early stem lineages in the order. Shifts to Australia then African are evident at nodes near the core Brassicales, which diverged 68.5Mya (HPD=75.6-62.0). This estimated age combined with fossil evidence, indicates that some New World clades embedded amongst Old World relatives (e.g., New World capparoids) are the result of different long distance dispersal events, whereas others may be best explained by land bridge migration (e.g., Forchhammeria). Based on these analyses, the Brassicaceae crown group diverged in Europe/Northern Africa in the Eocene, circa 43.4Mya (HPD=46.6-40.3) and Arabidopsis separated from close congeners circa 10.4Mya. These ages fall between divergent dates that were previously published, suggesting we are slowly converging on a robust age estimate for the family. Three significant shifts in species diversification are observed in the order: (1) 58Mya at the crown of Capparaceae, Cleomaceae and Brassicaceae, (2) 38Mya at the crown of Resedaceae+Stixis clade, and (3) 21Mya at the crown of the tribes Brassiceae and Sisymbrieae within Brassicaceae.
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Gruenstaeudl M. WARACS: Wrappers to Automate the Reconstruction of Ancestral Character States. APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2016; 4:apps.1500120. [PMID: 26949580 PMCID: PMC4760752 DOI: 10.3732/apps.1500120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Reconstructions of ancestral character states are among the most widely used analyses for evaluating the morphological, cytological, or ecological evolution of an organismic lineage. The software application Mesquite remains the most popular application for such reconstructions among plant scientists, even though its support for automating complex analyses is limited. A software tool is needed that automates the reconstruction and visualization of ancestral character states with Mesquite and similar applications. METHODS AND RESULTS A set of command line-based Python scripts was developed that (a) communicates standardized input to and output from the software applications Mesquite, BayesTraits, and TreeGraph2; (b) automates the process of ancestral character state reconstruction; and (c) facilitates the visualization of reconstruction results. CONCLUSIONS WARACS provides a simple tool that streamlines the reconstruction and visualization of ancestral character states over a wide array of parameters, including tree distribution, character state, and optimality criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gruenstaeudl
- Institut für Biologie-Botanik, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstraße 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Iljinska A, M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv. The family Cleomaceae in the flora of Ukraine. UKRAINIAN BOTANICAL JOURNAL 2014. [DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj71.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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