1
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Zhang Y, Ma H, Zhou T, Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Wang C. ThASR3 confers salt and osmotic stress tolerances in transgenic Tamarix and Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:586. [PMID: 36517747 PMCID: PMC9749169 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ASR (abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced) gene family plays a crucial role in responding to abiotic stresses in plants. However, the roles of ASR genes protecting plants against high salt and drought stresses remain unknown in Tamarix hispida. RESULTS In this study, a salt and drought-induced ASR gene, ThASR3, was isolated from Tamarix hispida. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing ThASR3 exhibited stimulating root growth and increasing fresh weight compared with wild-type (WT) plants under both salt and water deficit stresses. To further analyze the gain- and loss-of-function of ThASR3, the transgenic T. hispida plants overexpressing or RNA interference (RNAi)-silencing ThASR3 were generated using transient transformation. The overexpression of ThASR3 in Tamarix and Arabidopsis plants displayed enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capability under high salt and osmotic stress conditions, including increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the contents of proline and betaine, and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage rates. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that ThASR3 functions as a positive regulator in Tamarix responses to salt and osmotic stresses and confers multiple abiotic stress tolerances in transgenic plants, which may have an important application value in the genetic improvement of forest tree resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Huijun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Tianchang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
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2
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Recovery of a native tree following removal of an invasive competitor with implications for endangered bird habitat. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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3
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Feng W, Mariotte P, Xu L, Buttler A, Bragazza L, Jiang J, Santonja M. Seasonal variability of groundwater level effects on the growth of Carex cinerascens in lake wetlands. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:517-526. [PMID: 31988739 PMCID: PMC6972833 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Groundwater level is crucial for wetland plant growth and reproduction, but the extent of its effect on plant growth can vary along with changed precipitation and temperature at different seasons. In this context, we investigated the effect of two groundwater levels (10 cm vs. 20 cm depth) on growth and reproductive parameters of Carex cinerascens, a dominant plant species in the Poyang Lake wetland, during three seasons (spring, summer, and autumn) and during two consecutive years (2015 and 2016). Carex cinerascens showed low stem number, height, and individual and population biomass in summer compared to spring and autumn. 10 cm groundwater level was overall more suitable for plant growth resulting in higher stem height and biomass. However, the interactive effect between groundwater level and season clearly demonstrated that the effect of groundwater level on plant growth occurred mainly in autumn. After the withering of the plant population in summer, we observed that C. cinerascens growth recovered in autumn to similar values observed in spring only with 10 cm groundwater level. Consequently, we could deduce that lowering groundwater level in the studied Poyang Lake wetland will negatively impact C. cinerascens regeneration and growth particularly during the second growth cycle occurring in autumn. Additionally, our results showed that, independently of the season and groundwater level, population biomass of C. cinerascens was lower during drier year. Altogether, our findings suggest that water limitation due to both reduction in precipitation and decreased groundwater level during the year can strongly impact plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic SciencesNanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Ecological Systems (ECOS)School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Pierre Mariotte
- Laboratory of Ecological Systems (ECOS)School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)LausanneSwitzerland
- Grazing Systems GroupAgroscopeNyonSwitzerland
| | - Ligang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic SciencesNanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Alexandre Buttler
- Laboratory of Ecological Systems (ECOS)School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)LausanneSwitzerland
- Laboratoire de Chrono‐EnvironnementUMR CNRS 6249UFR des Sciences et TechniquesUniversité de Franche‐ComtéBesançonFrance
| | - Luca Bragazza
- Field‐Crop Systems and Plant NutritionResearch Division Plant Production SystemsAgroscopeNyonSwitzerland
| | - Jiahu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic SciencesNanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Mathieu Santonja
- Laboratory of Ecological Systems (ECOS)School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)LausanneSwitzerland
- Aix Marseille UnivAvignon UniversitéCNRSIRDIMBEMarseilleFrance
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4
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González E, Martínez-Fernández V, Shafroth PB, Sher AA, Henry AL, Garófano-Gómez V, Corenblit D. Regeneration of Salicaceae riparian forests in the Northern Hemisphere: A new framework and management tool. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 218:374-387. [PMID: 29704833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Human activities on floodplains have severely disrupted the regeneration of foundation riparian shrub and tree species of the Salicaceae family (Populus and Salix spp.) throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Restoration ecologists initially tackled this problem from a terrestrial perspective that emphasized planting. More recently, floodplain restoration activities have embraced an aquatic perspective, inspired by the expanding practice of managing river flows to improve river health (environmental flows). However, riparian Salicaceae species occupy floodplain and riparian areas, which lie at the interface of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems along watercourses. Thus, their regeneration depends on a complex interaction of hydrologic and geomorphic processes that have shaped key life-cycle requirements for seedling establishment. Ultimately, restoration needs to integrate these concepts to succeed. However, while regeneration of Salicaceae is now reasonably well-understood, the literature reporting restoration actions on Salicaceae regeneration is sparse, and a specific theoretical framework is still missing. Here, we have reviewed 105 peer-reviewed published experiences in restoration of Salicaceae forests, including 91 projects in 10 world regions, to construct a decision tree to inform restoration planning through explicit links between the well-studied biophysical requirements of Salicaceae regeneration and 17 specific restoration actions, the most popular being planting (in 55% of the projects), land contouring (30%), removal of competing vegetation (30%), site selection (26%), and irrigation (24%). We also identified research gaps related to Salicaceae forest restoration and discuss alternative, innovative and feasible approaches that incorporate the human component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo González
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, 80523, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, 80208-9010, Denver, CO, USA.
| | - Vanesa Martínez-Fernández
- Department of Natural Systems and Resources, E.T.S. Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick B Shafroth
- Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 80526 Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Anna A Sher
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, 80208-9010, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Annie L Henry
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, 80208-9010, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Virginia Garófano-Gómez
- Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, Paranimf 1, 46730 Grau de Gandia, València, Spain; Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, GEOLAB, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dov Corenblit
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, GEOLAB, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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5
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Mahoney SM, Mike JB, Parker JM, Lassiter LS, Whitham TG. Selection for genetics‐based architecture traits in a native cottonwood negatively affects invasive tamarisk in a restoration field trial. Restor Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean M. Mahoney
- Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86001 U.S.A
| | - Jesse B. Mike
- School of Forestry Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86001 U.S.A
| | - Jackie M. Parker
- Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86001 U.S.A
- Merriam‐Powell Center for Environmental Research Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86001 U.S.A
| | - Linda S. Lassiter
- Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86001 U.S.A
| | - Thomas G. Whitham
- Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86001 U.S.A
- Merriam‐Powell Center for Environmental Research Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86001 U.S.A
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6
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Wu G, Jiang S, Liu H, Zhu S, Zhou D, Zhang Y, Luo Q, Li J. Early direct competition does not determine the community structure in a desert riparian forest. Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 29540784 PMCID: PMC5852026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22864-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In riparian zones along the Tarim River in northeastern China, the co-dominance by Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima at the early succession stage shifts to P. euphratica dominance in the late stages. However, little is known about how this shift is mediated by the highly variable water conditions in riparian zones. Here we conducted a mesocosm experiment in which we measured the physiological and morphological traits of these two co-occuring species grown in mixtures under simulated favorable groundwater condition and no groundwater availability. Results indicated that T. ramosissima, in comparison to P. euphratica, had much lower WUE, less proportion of root biomass under favorable groundwater condition. Under no groundwater condition, T. ramosissima also showed higher maximal quantum yield of PSII which allowed it to accumulate higher aboveground and total biomass. Therefore, regardless of groundwater conditions, T. ramosissima exhibited superior competitive advantages against P. euphratica under direct competition condition, which demonstrates that the dominance shift was not resulted from the direct competition at seedling stage. Our findings further imply that a strategy of “sit and wait” in P. euphratica might favor its growth and survival when suffered flooding disturbances, thus allowing P. euphratica not being excluded through competition at early successional stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan road 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaowei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan road 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Shidan Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Duoduo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan road 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan road 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan road 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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7
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Thibault JR, Cleverly JR, Dahm CN. Long-term Water Table Monitoring of Rio Grande Riparian Ecosystems for Restoration Potential Amid Hydroclimatic Challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 60:1101-1115. [PMID: 28993863 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-017-0945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrological processes drive the ecological functioning and sustainability of cottonwood-dominated riparian ecosystems in the arid southwestern USA. Snowmelt runoff elevates groundwater levels and inundates floodplains, which promotes cottonwood germination. Once established, these phreatophytes rely on accessible water tables (WTs). In New Mexico's Middle Rio Grande corridor diminished flooding and deepening WTs threaten native riparian communities. We monitored surface flows and riparian WTs for up to 14 years, which revealed that WTs and surface flows, including peak snowmelt discharge, respond to basin climate conditions and resource management. WT hydrographs influence the composition of riparian communities and can be used to assess if potential restoration sites meet native vegetation tolerances for WT depths, rates of recession, and variability throughout their life stages. WTs were highly variable in some sites, which can preclude native vegetation less adapted to deep drawdowns during extended droughts. Rates of WT recession varied between sites and should be assessed in regard to recruitment potential. Locations with relatively shallow WTs and limited variability are likely to be more viable for successful restoration. Suitable sites have diminished greatly as the once meandering Rio Grande has been constrained and depleted. Increasing demands on water and the presence of invasive vegetation better adapted to the altered hydrologic regime further impact native riparian communities. Long-term monitoring over a range of sites and hydroclimatic extremes reveals attributes that can be evaluated for restoration potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Thibault
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
| | - James R Cleverly
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Terrestrial Ecohydrology Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Clifford N Dahm
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Delta Stewardship Council, 980 Ninth St., Ste. 1500, Sacramento, CA, 95814, USA
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8
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González E, Sher AA, Anderson RM, Bay RF, Bean DW, Bissonnete GJ, Bourgeois B, Cooper DJ, Dohrenwend K, Eichhorst KD, El Waer H, Kennard DK, Harms-Weissinger R, Henry AL, Makarick LJ, Ostoja SM, Reynolds LV, Robinson WW, Shafroth PB. Vegetation response to invasive Tamarix control in southwestern U.S. rivers: a collaborative study including 416 sites. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 27:1789-1804. [PMID: 28445000 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Most studies assessing vegetation response following control of invasive Tamarix trees along southwestern U.S. rivers have been small in scale (e.g., river reach), or at a regional scale but with poor spatial-temporal replication, and most have not included testing the effects of a now widely used biological control. We monitored plant composition following Tamarix control along hydrologic, soil, and climatic gradients in 244 treated and 172 reference sites across six U.S. states. This represents the largest comprehensive assessment to date on the vegetation response to the four most common Tamarix control treatments. Biocontrol by a defoliating beetle (treatment 1) reduced the abundance of Tamarix less than active removal by mechanically using hand and chain-saws (2), heavy machinery (3) or burning (4). Tamarix abundance also decreased with lower temperatures, higher precipitation, and follow-up treatments for Tamarix resprouting. Native cover generally increased over time in active Tamarix removal sites, however, the increases observed were small and was not consistently increased by active revegetation. Overall, native cover was correlated to permanent stream flow, lower grazing pressure, lower soil salinity and temperatures, and higher precipitation. Species diversity also increased where Tamarix was removed. However, Tamarix treatments, especially those generating the highest disturbance (burning and heavy machinery), also often promoted secondary invasions of exotic forbs. The abundance of hydrophytic species was much lower in treated than in reference sites, suggesting that management of southwestern U.S. rivers has focused too much on weed control, overlooking restoration of fluvial processes that provide habitat for hydrophytic and floodplain vegetation. These results can help inform future management of Tamarix-infested rivers to restore hydrogeomorphic processes, increase native biodiversity and reduce abundance of noxious species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo González
- EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), CNRS, INPT, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne Bâtiment 4R1, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, F. W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Avenue, Denver, Colorado, 80208, USA
| | - Anna A Sher
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, F. W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Avenue, Denver, Colorado, 80208, USA
| | - Robert M Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, F. W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Avenue, Denver, Colorado, 80208, USA
| | - Robin F Bay
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, F. W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Avenue, Denver, Colorado, 80208, USA
| | - Daniel W Bean
- Colorado Department of Agriculture, Biological Pest Control, Palisade Insectary, 750 37.8 Road, Palisade, Colorado, 81526, USA
| | | | - Bérenger Bourgeois
- Département de Phytologie, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'agriculture, Quebec City, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Department of Biology, Québec Centre for Biodiversity Science, McGill University, Stewart Biology Building, 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - David J Cooper
- Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, USA
| | - Kara Dohrenwend
- Rim to Rim Restoration, P.O. Box 297, Moab, Utah, 84532, USA
| | - Kim D Eichhorst
- Department of Biology, Bosque Ecosystem Monitoring Program (BEMP), University of New Mexico, MSC 03 2020, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131, USA
| | - Hisham El Waer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, F. W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Avenue, Denver, Colorado, 80208, USA
| | - Deborah K Kennard
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Colorado Mesa University, Grand Junction, Colorado, 81501, USA
| | | | - Annie L Henry
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, F. W. Olin Hall, 2190 E Iliff Avenue, Denver, Colorado, 80208, USA
| | - Lori J Makarick
- Grand Canyon National Park, 1824 S, Thompson Street, Suite 200, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86001, USA
| | - Steven M Ostoja
- USDA California Climate Hub, Agricultural Research Service, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Lindsay V Reynolds
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, USA
| | - W Wright Robinson
- Grand County Weed Department, 125 East Center Street, Moab, Utah, 84532, USA
| | - Patrick B Shafroth
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building C, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80526, USA
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9
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Long RW, Bush SE, Grady KC, Smith DS, Potts DL, D'Antonio CM, Dudley TL, Fehlberg SD, Gaskin JF, Glenn EP, Hultine KR. Can local adaptation explain varying patterns of herbivory tolerance in a recently introduced woody plant in North America? CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 5:cox016. [PMID: 28852513 PMCID: PMC5570027 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cox016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Patterns of woody-plant mortality have been linked to global-scale environmental changes, such as extreme drought, heat stress, more frequent and intense fires, and episodic outbreaks of insects and pathogens. Although many studies have focussed on survival and mortality in response to specific physiological stresses, little attention has been paid to the role of genetic heritability of traits and local adaptation in influencing patterns of plant mortality, especially in non-native species. Tamarix spp. is a dominant, non-native riparian tree in western North America that is experiencing dieback in some areas of its range due to episodic herbivory by the recently introduced northern tamarisk leaf beetle (Diorhabda carinulata). We propose that genotype × environment interactions largely underpin current and future patterns of Tamarix mortality. We anticipate that (i) despite its recent introduction, and the potential for significant gene flow, Tamarix in western North America is generally adapted to local environmental conditions across its current range in part due to hybridization of two species; (ii) local adaptation to specific climate, soil and resource availability will yield predictable responses to episodic herbivory; and (iii) the ability to cope with a combination of episodic herbivory and increased aridity associated with climate change will be largely based on functional tradeoffs in resource allocation. This review focusses on the potential heritability of plant carbon allocation patterns in Tamarix, focussing on the relative contribution of acquired carbon to non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) pools versus other sinks as the basis for surviving episodic disturbance. Where high aridity and/or poor edaphic position lead to chronic stress, NSC pools may fall below a minimum threshold because of an imbalance between the supply of carbon and its demand by various sinks. Identifying patterns of local adaptation of traits related to resource allocation will improve forecasting of Tamarix population susceptibility to episodic herbivory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall W. Long
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California-Santa Barbara, Bldg 520, RM 4001, Fl 4L, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Susan E. Bush
- School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, S San Francisco St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Kevin C. Grady
- School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, S San Francisco St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - David S. Smith
- Keck Science Department, Claremont McKenna, Pitzer and Scripps Colleges, 925 N. Mills Ave, Claremont, CA 91711, USA
| | - Daniel L. Potts
- Biology Department, SUNY Buffalo State, 1300 Elmwood Ave, Buffalo, NY 14222, USA
| | - Carla M. D'Antonio
- School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, S San Francisco St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Tom L. Dudley
- Marine Science Institute, University of California-Santa Barbara, Bldg 520, RM 4001, Fl 4L, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Shannon D. Fehlberg
- Department of Research, Conservation and Collections, Desert Botanical Garden, 1201 N Galvin Pkwy, Phoenix, AZ 85008, USA
| | - John F. Gaskin
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, 1500 North Central Avenue, Sidney, MT 59270, USA
| | - Edward P. Glenn
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1428 E University Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Kevin R. Hultine
- Department of Research, Conservation and Collections, Desert Botanical Garden, 1201 N Galvin Pkwy, Phoenix, AZ 85008, USA
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10
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Ji X, Nie X, Liu Y, Zheng L, Zhao H, Zhang B, Huo L, Wang Y. A bHLH gene from Tamarix hispida improves abiotic stress tolerance by enhancing osmotic potential and decreasing reactive oxygen species accumulation. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 36:193-207. [PMID: 26786541 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpv139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) leucine-zipper transcription factors play important roles in abiotic stress responses. However, their specific roles in abiotic stress tolerance are not fully known. Here, we functionally characterized a bHLH gene, ThbHLH1, from Tamarix hispida in abiotic stress tolerance. ThbHLH1 specifically binds to G-box motif with the sequence of 'CACGTG'. Transiently transfected T. hispida plantlets with transiently overexpressed ThbHLH1 and RNAi-silenced ThbHLH1 were generated for gain- and loss-of-function analysis. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana lines overexpressing ThbHLH1 were generated to confirm the gain- and loss-of-function analysis. Overexpression of ThbHLH1 significantly elevates glycine betaine and proline levels, increases Ca(2+) concentration and enhances peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities to decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Additionally, ThbHLH1 regulates the expression of the genes including P5CS, BADH, CaM, POD and SOD, to activate the above physiological changes, and also induces the expression of stress tolerance-related genes LEAs and HSPs. These data suggest that ThbHLH1 induces the expression of stress tolerance-related genes to improve abiotic stress tolerance by increasing osmotic potential, improving ROS scavenging capability and enhancing second messenger in stress signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xianguang Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Yujia Liu
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, 1 Xuehai Street, 150028 Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Lin Huo
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Schulz R, Bundschuh M, Gergs R, Brühl CA, Diehl D, Entling MH, Fahse L, Frör O, Jungkunst HF, Lorke A, Schäfer RB, Schaumann GE, Schwenk K. Review on environmental alterations propagating from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 538:246-61. [PMID: 26311581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial inputs into freshwater ecosystems are a classical field of environmental science. Resource fluxes (subsidy) from aquatic to terrestrial systems have been less studied, although they are of high ecological relevance particularly for the receiving ecosystem. These fluxes may, however, be impacted by anthropogenically driven alterations modifying structure and functioning of aquatic ecosystems. In this context, we reviewed the peer-reviewed literature for studies addressing the subsidy of terrestrial by aquatic ecosystems with special emphasis on the role that anthropogenic alterations play in this water-land coupling. Our analysis revealed a continuously increasing interest in the coupling of aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems between 1990 and 2014 (total: 661 studies), while the research domains focusing on abiotic (502 studies) and biotic (159 studies) processes are strongly separated. Approximately 35% (abiotic) and 25% (biotic) of the studies focused on the propagation of anthropogenic alterations from the aquatic to the terrestrial system. Among these studies, hydromorphological and hydrological alterations were predominantly assessed, whereas water pollution and invasive species were less frequently investigated. Less than 5% of these studies considered indirect effects in the terrestrial system e.g. via food web responses, as a result of anthropogenic alterations in aquatic ecosystems. Nonetheless, these very few publications indicate far-reaching consequences in the receiving terrestrial ecosystem. For example, bottom-up mediated responses via soil quality can cascade over plant communities up to the level of herbivorous arthropods, while top-down mediated responses via predatory spiders can cascade down to herbivorous arthropods and even plants. Overall, the current state of knowledge calls for an integrated assessment on how these interactions within terrestrial ecosystems are affected by propagation of aquatic ecosystem alterations. To fill these gaps, we propose a scientific framework, which considers abiotic and biotic aspects based on an interdisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Schulz
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany.
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - René Gergs
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany; Federal Environment Agency, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten A Brühl
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Dörte Diehl
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Martin H Entling
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Lorenz Fahse
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Oliver Frör
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Hermann F Jungkunst
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Andreas Lorke
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Gabriele E Schaumann
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Klaus Schwenk
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
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González E, Sher AA, Tabacchi E, Masip A, Poulin M. Restoration of riparian vegetation: A global review of implementation and evaluation approaches in the international, peer-reviewed literature. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 158:85-94. [PMID: 25974311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We examined how restoration of riparian vegetation has been implemented and evaluated in the scientific literature during the past 25 years. A total of 169 papers were read systematically to extract information about the following: 1) restoration strategies applied, 2) scale of monitoring and use of reference sites, 3) metrics used for evaluation, and 4) drivers of success. Hydro-geomorphic approaches (e.g., dam operations, controlled floods, landform reconfiguration) were the most frequent, followed by active plant introduction, exotic species control, natural floodplain conversion and grazing and herbivory control. Our review revealed noteworthy limitations in the spatio-temporal approaches chosen for evaluation. Evaluations were mostly from one single project and frequently ignored the multi-dimensional nature of rivers: landscape spatial patterns were rarely assessed, and most projects were assessed locally (i.e., ≤meander scale). Monitoring rarely lasted for more than six years and the projects evaluated were usually not more than six years old. The impact of the restoration was most often (43%) assessed by tracking change over time rather than by comparing restored sites to unrestored and reference sites (12%), and few projects (30%) did both. Among the ways which restoration success was evaluated, vegetation structure (e.g., abundance, density, etc.) was assessed more often (152 papers) than vegetation processes (e.g., biomass accumulation, survival, etc.) (112 papers) and vegetation diversity (78 papers). Success was attributed to hydro-geomorphic factors in 63% of the projects. Future evaluations would benefit from incorporating emerging concepts in ecology such as functional traits to assess recovery of functionality, more rigorous experimental designs, enhanced comparisons among projects, longer term monitoring and reporting failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo González
- Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), 31062 Toulouse, France; CNRS, EcoLab, 31062 Toulouse, France; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, 80208-9010 Denver, CO, USA
| | - Anna A Sher
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, 80208-9010 Denver, CO, USA.
| | - Eric Tabacchi
- Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), 31062 Toulouse, France; CNRS, EcoLab, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Adrià Masip
- Pyrenean Institute of Ecology, CSIC, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Monique Poulin
- Department de Phytologie, FSAA, Université Laval, G1V0A6 Quebec City, Canada; Québec Centre for Biodiversity Science, McGill University, H3A1B1 Montréal, Canada
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Wang L, Zhao C, Li J, Liu Z, Wang J. Root plasticity of Populus euphratica seedlings in response to different water table depths and contrasting sediment types. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118691. [PMID: 25742175 PMCID: PMC4351201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Riparian plants in arid regions face a highly variable water environment controlled by hydrological processes. To understand whether riparian plants adapt to such environments through plastic responses, we compared the root traits, biomass allocation and growth of Populus euphratica Oliv. Seedlings grown in lysimeters filled with clay or clay/river sand sediments under inundation and varying water table conditions. We hypothesized that adaptive phenotypic plasticity is likely to develop or be advantageous in seedlings of this species to allow them to adapt desert floodplain environments. Growth was significantly reduced by inundation. However, rather than following relatively fixed trait and allocation patterns, the seedlings displayed adaptive mechanisms involving the development of adventitious roots to enhance plant stability and obtain oxygen, together with a lower proportion of root biomass. At the whole-plant level, at deeper water table depths, seedlings allocated more biomass to the roots, and total root length increased with decreasing water table depths, regardless of the sediment, consistent with optimal partitioning theory. The sediment type had a significant effect on seedling root traits. P. euphratica displayed very different root traits in different sediment types under the same hydrological conditions, showing a greater first-order root number in clay sediment under shallower water table conditions, whereas rooting depth was greater in clay/river sand sediment under deep water table conditions. In clay sediment, seedlings responded to lower water availability via greater root elongation, while the root surface area was increased through increasing the total root length in clay/river sand sediment, suggesting that seedlings facing deeper water tables are not always likely to increase their root surface area to obtain more water. Our results indicate that P. euphratica seedlings are able to adapt to a range of water table conditions through plastic responses in root traits and biomass allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chengyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianghong Wang
- Bayingol Mongolian autonomous prefecture Environmental Monitoring station, Korla, Xinjiang, China
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Andersen DC, Nelson SM. Effects of soil temperature and depth to ground water on first-year growth of a dryland riparian phreatophyte,Glycyrrhiza lepidota(American licorice). SOUTHWEST NAT 2014. [DOI: 10.1894/f08-jb-37.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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A comparison of the recruitment success of introduced and native species under natural conditions. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72509. [PMID: 23951326 PMCID: PMC3738575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is commonly accepted that introduced species have recruitment advantages over native species. However, this idea has not been widely tested, and those studies that have compared survival of introduced and native species have produced mixed results. We compiled data from the literature on survival through germination (seed to seedling survival), early seedling survival (survival through one week from seedling emergence) and survival to adulthood (survival from germination to first reproduction) under natural conditions for 285 native and 63 introduced species. Contrary to expectations, we found that introduced and native species do not significantly differ in survival through germination, early seedling survival, or survival from germination to first reproduction. These comparisons remained non-significant after accounting for seed mass, longevity and when including a random effect for site. Results remained consistent after excluding naturalized species from the introduced species data set, after performing phylogenetic independent contrasts, and after accounting for the effect of life form (woody/non-woody). Although introduced species sometimes do have advantages over native species (for example, through enemy release, or greater phenotypic plasticity), our findings suggest that the overall advantage conferred by these factors is either counterbalanced by advantages of native species (such as superior adaptation to local conditions) or is simply too small to be detected at a broad scale.
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Li J, Yu B, Zhao C, Nowak RS, Zhao Z, Sheng Y, Li J. Physiological and morphological responses of Tamarix ramosissima and Populus euphratica to altered groundwater availability. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 33:57-68. [PMID: 23243028 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tps120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Riparian plants in arid areas are subject to frequent hydrological fluctuations induced through natural flow variation and water use by humans. Although many studies have focused on the success of Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. in its invaded ranges, its major competitor in its home range, Populus euphratica Oliv., historically has dominated riparian forests where both species occur naturally. Thus, identifying ecophysiological differences between T. ramosissima and its co-evolved competitor under varying hydrological conditions may help us understand how flow regimes affect dominance in its home range and promote invasion in new ranges. We examined ecophysiological responses of T. ramosissima and P. euphratica, which are both native to the Tarim River Basin, northwest China, to experimental alterations in groundwater. Seedlings of both species were grown in lysimeters, first under well-watered conditions and then exposed to different groundwater treatments: inundation, drought, and relatively shallow, moderate and deep groundwater. Under inundation, T. ramosissima showed little growth whereas P. euphratica died after ~45 days. Droughted seedlings of both species suffered from considerable water stress evidenced by slow growth, decreased total leaf area and specific leaf area, and decreased xylem water potential (ψ), maximum photosynthetic rate and carboxylation efficiency. Both species had better ecophysiological performances under shallow and moderate groundwater conditions. When groundwater declined below rooting depth, seedlings of both species initially experienced decreased ψ, but ψ of T. ramosissima recovered late in the experiment whereas P. euphratica maintained decreased ψ. This ability of T. ramosissima to recover from water deficit might result from its rapid root elongation and subsequent ability to acquire groundwater, which in turn likely provides ecophysiological advantages over P. euphratica. Our results suggest that recent groundwater declines along the Tarim River could facilitate T. ramosissima more due to its rapid response to changed groundwater availability. This trait may also help the success of T. ramosissima as it invaded riparian ecosystems in southwestern USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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18
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Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) Removal in the Western United States: Multi-Site Findings and Considerations for Future Research. SUSTAINABILITY 2012. [DOI: 10.3390/su4123346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Weber RW. Allergen of the month--salt cedar. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012; 108:A11. [PMID: 22374212 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Weber
- National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Room J326, Denver, CO 80206, USA
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20
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The influence of floods and precipitation on Tamarix establishment in Grand Canyon, Arizona: consequences for flow regime restoration. Biol Invasions 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-011-0139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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21
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Disturbance governs dominance of an invasive forb in a temporary wetland. Oecologia 2011; 167:759-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-011-2027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Do riparian plant community characteristics differ between Tamarix (L.) invaded and non-invaded sites on the upper Verde River, Arizona? Biol Invasions 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-009-9658-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Disturbance Regime Mediates Riparian Forest Dynamics and Physiological Performance, Arkansas River, CO. AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 2009. [DOI: 10.1674/0003-0031-162.2.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Stromberg JC, Chew MK, Nagler PL, Glenn EP. Changing Perceptions of Change: The Role of Scientists inTamarixand River Management. Restor Ecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2008.00514.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Bhattacharjee J, Taylor JP, Smith LM, Spence LE. The Importance of Soil Characteristics in Determining Survival of First-Year Cottonwood Seedlings in Altered Riparian Habitats. Restor Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2007.00328.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Seedling competition between native cottonwood and exotic saltcedar: implications for restoration. Biol Invasions 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-008-9357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dewine JM, Cooper DJ. Canopy shade and the successional replacement of tamarisk by native box elder. J Appl Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01440.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Shafroth PB, Beauchamp VB, Briggs MK, Lair K, Scott ML, Sher AA. Planning Riparian Restoration in the Context of Tamarix Control in Western North America. Restor Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2008.00360.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Bay RF, Sher AA. Success of Active Revegetation after Tamarix Removal in Riparian Ecosystems of the Southwestern United States: A Quantitative Assessment of Past Restoration Projects. Restor Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2007.00359.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nagler PL, Glenn EP, Didan K, Osterberg J, Jordan F, Cunningham J. Wide-Area Estimates of Stand Structure and Water Use of Tamarix spp. on the Lower Colorado River: Implications for Restoration and Water Management Projects. Restor Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2008.00356.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kern DL, Lenhart S, Miller R, Yong J. Optimal control applied to native-invasive population dynamics. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DYNAMICS 2007; 1:413-426. [PMID: 22876825 DOI: 10.1080/17513750701605556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a model for population interactions between an invasive and a native species, where the effect of disturbance in the system (such as flooding) is modeled as a control variable in the growth terms. The motivating example is cottonwood-salt cedar competition, with flooding being detrimental at low and high levels and being advantageous at medium levels, which led us to consider quadratic growth functions of the control. An objective functional is formulated to maximize the native species while minimizing the cost of implementing the control. A new existence result for an optimal control with these quadratic growth functions is given. Numerical results are examined for various parameter values. The results provide suggestions for managing the disturbance regime when invasive species are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Kern
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.
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32
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Guo Q. Intercontinental biotic invasions: what can we learn from native populations and habitats? Biol Invasions 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-005-5834-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Stromberg JC, Lite SJ, Rychener TJ, Levick LR, Dixon MD, Watts JM. Status of the Riparian ecosystem in the upper San Pedro River, Arizona: application of an assessment model. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2006; 115:145-73. [PMID: 16648960 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-006-6549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2004] [Accepted: 04/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A portion of Arizona's San Pedro River is managed as a National Riparian Conservation Area but is potentially affected by ground-water withdrawals beyond the conservation area borders. We applied an assessment model to the Conservation Area as a basis for monitoring long-term changes in riparian ecosystem condition resulting from changes in river water availability, and collected multi-year data on a subset of the most sensitive bioindicators. The assessment model is based on nine vegetation bioindicators that are sensitive to changes in surface water or ground water. Site index scores allow for placement into one of three condition classes, each reflecting particular ranges for site hydrology and vegetation structure. We collected the bioindicator data at 26 sites distributed among 14 reaches that had similar stream flow hydrology (spatial flow intermittency) and geomorphology (channel sinuosity, flood-plain width). Overall, 39% of the riparian corridor fell within condition class 3 (the wettest condition), 55% in condition class 2, and 6% in the driest condition class. Condition class 3 reaches have high cover of herbaceous wetland plants (e.g., Juncus and Schoenoplectus spp.) along the perennial stream channel and dense, multi-aged Populus-Salix woodlands in the flood plain, sustained by shallow ground water in the stream alluvium. In condition class 2, intermittent stream flows result in low cover of streamside wetland herbs, but Populus-Salix remain abundant in the flood plain. Perennial wetland plants are absent from condition class 1, reflecting highly intermittent stream flows; the flood plain is vegetated by Tamarixa small tree that tolerates the deep and fluctuating ground water levels that typify this reach type. Abundance of herbaceous wetland plants and growth rate of Salix gooddingii varied between years with different stream flow rates, indicating utility of these measures for tracking short-term responses to hydrologic change. Repeat measurement of all bioindicators will indicate long-term trends in hydro-vegetational condition.
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Sexton JP, Sala A, Murray K. OCCURRENCE, PERSISTENCE, AND EXPANSION OF SALTCEDAR (TAMARIX SPP.) POPULATIONS IN THE GREAT PLAINS OF MONTANA. WEST N AM NATURALIST 2006. [DOI: 10.3398/1527-0904(2006)66[1:opaeos]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Shafroth PB, Cleverly JR, Dudley TL, Taylor JP, van Riper C, Weeks EP, Stuart JN. Control of Tamarix in the Western United States: implications for water salvage, wildlife use, and riparian restoration. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2005; 35:231-46. [PMID: 15925969 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-004-0099-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-native shrub species in the genus Tamarix (saltcedar, tamarisk) have colonized hundreds of thousands of hectares of floodplains, reservoir margins, and other wetlands in western North America. Many resource managers seek to reduce saltcedar abundance and control its spread to increase the flow of water in streams that might otherwise be lost to evapotranspiration, to restore native riparian (streamside) vegetation, and to improve wildlife habitat. However, increased water yield might not always occur and has been substantially lower than expected in water salvage experiments, the potential for successful revegetation is variable, and not all wildlife taxa clearly prefer native plant habitats over saltcedar. As a result, there is considerable debate surrounding saltcedar control efforts. We review the literature on saltcedar control, water use, wildlife use, and riparian restoration to provide resource managers, researchers, and policy-makers with a balanced summary of the state of the science. To best ensure that the desired outcomes of removal programs are met, scientists and resource managers should use existing information and methodologies to carefully select and prioritize sites for removal, apply the most appropriate and cost-effective control methods, and then rigorously monitor control efficacy, revegetation success, water yield changes, and wildlife use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B Shafroth
- Fort Collins Science Center, US Geological Survey, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, USA.
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