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Maiuolo J, Musolino V, Gliozzi M, Carresi C, Oppedisano F, Nucera S, Scarano F, Scicchitano M, Guarnieri L, Bosco F, Macrì R, Ruga S, Cardamone A, Coppoletta AR, Ilari S, Mollace A, Muscoli C, Cognetti F, Mollace V. The Employment of Genera Vaccinium, Citrus, Olea, and Cynara Polyphenols for the Reduction of Selected Anti-Cancer Drug Side Effects. Nutrients 2022; 14:1574. [PMID: 35458136 PMCID: PMC9025632 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most widespread diseases globally and one of the leading causes of death. Known cancer treatments are chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy, targeted hormonal therapy, or a combination of these methods. Antitumor drugs, with different mechanisms, interfere with cancer growth by destroying cancer cells. However, anticancer drugs are dangerous, as they significantly affect both cancer cells and healthy cells. In addition, there may be the onset of systemic side effects perceived and mutagenicity, teratogenicity, and further carcinogenicity. Many polyphenolic extracts, taken on top of common anti-tumor drugs, can participate in the anti-proliferative effect of drugs and significantly reduce the side effects developed. This review aims to discuss the current scientific knowledge of the protective effects of polyphenols of the genera Vaccinium, Citrus, Olea, and Cynara on the side effects induced by four known chemotherapy, Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, Tamoxifen, and Paclitaxel. In particular, the summarized data will help to understand whether polyphenols can be used as adjuvants in cancer therapy, although further clinical trials will provide crucial information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maiuolo
- Laboratoy of Pharmaceutical Biology, IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Canzaro, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Laboratoy of Pharmaceutical Biology, IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Canzaro, Italy;
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Federica Scarano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Roberta Macrì
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Coppoletta
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sara Ilari
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Annachiara Mollace
- Medical Oncology 1, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Francesco Cognetti
- Medical Oncology 1, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele, Via di Valcannuta 247, 00133 Rome, Italy
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The Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Safety Outcomes Following Immediate Breast Reconstruction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2022; 75:2520-2525. [PMID: 35396192 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction (MIBR) are becoming an increasingly popular option for women with breast cancer. However, MIBR is associated with a higher risk of postoperative complications compared to mastectomy alone, which may delay adjuvant cancer therapy. The main objective of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate oncologic outcomes in MIBR patients with and without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). METHODS A 6-year retrospective study of breast cancer patients treated with MIBR was conducted from January 2013 to May 2019. The primary outcome was a delay in adjuvant radiochemotherapy. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications and locoregional recurrences. RESULTS Of 1832 patients reviewed, 300 (7.1%) were included. The cohort consisted of 277 (92%) MIBR patients without NACT and 23 (7.7%) with NACT. There was significantly more N1 and N2 tumor node status in the non-NACT group compared to the NACT group (p<0.001). The overall complication rates were similar in the NACT group compared to non-NACT (37.5% versus 21.7%, p=0.148). The rates of major and minor complications were also similar between NACT and non-NACT groups (Major: 29.6% versus 21.7%, p=0.823) and (Minor: 26.7% versus 8.70%, p =0.0970). The rates of locoregional recurrence (p=1.00), time to adjuvant therapy (p=0.629), and rates of delay (p=0.305) was also similar between groups. Overall survival was significantly lower in the NACT group compared to non-NACT (98.2% versus 82.6%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS There was no difference in complication rates, or timing to adjuvant therapy, among MIBR patients with and without NACT. However, MIBR patients who received NACT had worse overall survival than MIBR patients without NACT.
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Jafari SH, Jahanmir A, Bahramvand Y, Tahmasebi S, Dallaki M, Nasrollahi E. Association of Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Expression with Breast Cancer Metastasis in Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:40-47. [PMID: 35017776 PMCID: PMC8743368 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2021.88366.1906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is an important factor in the survival estimate of patients with breast cancer. The present study aimed to examine the frequency of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in relation to the metastatic site, pattern, and tumor size in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). METHODS In this retrospective study, the medical records of patients diagnosed with MBC at Motahari Clinic (Shiraz, Iran) during 2017-2019 were examined. Metastasis was confirmed using computed tomography, and a total of 276 patients were included in the study. Based on the expression of receptors, the patients were categorized into luminal A, luminal B, HER2, and TNBC groups. The frequency and percentage of receptors in relation to the metastatic site, size, and pattern were compared using the Chi square test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The frequency of receptor positivity in the 276 selected medical records were of the subtype HER2-enriched (n=48), luminal A (n=43), luminal B (n=146), and TNBC (n=39). The most common metastatic sites were the bones (47.1%), lungs (34.4%), liver (27.9%), brain (20.3%), and other organs (12.7%). The first site of metastasis occurred in the bones (36.6%), lungs (17.4%), liver (15.6%), brain (10.5%), and other organs (7.6%). The frequency of receptor expression was different in relation to the first metastatic site (P=0.024). There was a statistically significant difference between the frequency of receptor expression in patients with bone (P=0.036), brain (P=0.031), and lung (P=0.020) metastases. The frequency of receptor expression was also significantly different in relation to the size of liver metastasis (P=0.009). Luminal A and B subtypes showed higher rates of bone metastasis as the first metastatic site. CONCLUSION The difference in the frequency of receptor expression in relation to the metastatic site and tumor size can be used as predictive and prognostic factors in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hamed Jafari
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,
Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Armaghan Jahanmir
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yaser Bahramvand
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Tahmasebi
- Breast Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manoochehr Dallaki
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Nasrollahi
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mandó P, Hirsch I, Waisberg F, Ostinelli A, Luca R, Pranevicene B, Ferreyra Camacho A, Enrico D, Chacon M. Appraising the quality of meta-analysis for breast cancer treatment in the adjuvant setting: A systematic review. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021; 27:100358. [PMID: 33957603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the tumor with highest incidence in women worldwide and adjuvant treatment is extremely important to achieve disease control. Given the relevance of systematic reviews, their rigor should be warranted to avoid biased conclusions. Our objective was to investigate the methodological quality of meta-analysis of early breast cancer adjuvant treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Comprehensive searches were performed using electronic databases from 1/1/2007 to 11/12/2018. All studies identified as a systematic review with meta-analysis investigating the efficacy of breast cancer adjuvant treatments were included. Two reviewers independently assessed titles and abstracts, then full-texts for eligibility. Quality was assessed using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) version 2 tool. RESULTS Of 950 citations retrieved, 66 studies (7.0%) were deemed eligible. Methodological quality was highly variable, median AMSTAR score 8.5 (IQR 7-9.5) and range 0-16. There was a weak positive correlation between journal impact factor and AMSTAR score (r = 0.17) and citation rate and AMSTAR score (r = 0.16). Cochrane Systematic Reviews were of higher quality than reviews from other journals. Overall confidence was critically low for 61 (92.4%) studies, and the least well-reported domains were the statement of conflict of interest and funding source for the included studies (4.6%), the report of a pre-defined study protocol (15.2%), and the description of details of excluded studies (6.1%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings reinforce concerns about the design, conduction and interpretation of meta-analysis in current literature. Methodological quality should be carefully considered and journal editors, decision makers and readers in general, must follow a critical approach to this studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Mandó
- Argentine Association of Clinical Oncology, Gorostiaga 2450, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1426, Argentina; CEMIC, Galvan 4102, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP 1431, Argentina.
| | - Ian Hirsch
- Argentine Association of Clinical Oncology, Gorostiaga 2450, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1426, Argentina; Hospital General de Agudos Teodoro Álvarez, Juan Felipe Aranguren 2701, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1406, Argentina
| | - Federico Waisberg
- Argentine Association of Clinical Oncology, Gorostiaga 2450, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1426, Argentina
| | - Alexis Ostinelli
- Argentine Association of Clinical Oncology, Gorostiaga 2450, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1426, Argentina; Instituto Alexander Fleming, Cramer 1180, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1426, Argentina
| | - Romina Luca
- Argentine Association of Clinical Oncology, Gorostiaga 2450, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1426, Argentina
| | - Belen Pranevicene
- Argentine Association of Clinical Oncology, Gorostiaga 2450, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1426, Argentina
| | - Augusto Ferreyra Camacho
- Argentine Association of Clinical Oncology, Gorostiaga 2450, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1426, Argentina
| | - Diego Enrico
- Argentine Association of Clinical Oncology, Gorostiaga 2450, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1426, Argentina
| | - Matías Chacon
- Argentine Association of Clinical Oncology, Gorostiaga 2450, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1426, Argentina; Instituto Alexander Fleming, Cramer 1180, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, CP1426, Argentina
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Jackson C, Freeman ALJ, Szlamka Z, Spiegelhalter DJ. The adverse effects of bisphosphonates in breast cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246441. [PMID: 33544765 PMCID: PMC7864400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphosphonate drugs can be used to improve the outcomes of women with breast cancer. Whilst many meta-analyses have quantified their potential benefits for patients, attempts at comprehensive quantification of potential adverse effects have been limited. We undertook a meta-analysis with novel methodology to identify and quantify these adverse effects. METHODS We systematically reviewed randomised controlled trials in breast cancer where at least one of the treatments was a bisphosphonate (zoledronic acid, ibandronate, pamidronate, alendronate or clodronate). Neoadjuvant, adjuvant and metastatic settings were examined. Primary outcomes were adverse events of any type or severity (excluding death). We carried out pairwise and network meta-analyses to estimate the size of any adverse effects potentially related to bisphosphonates. In order to ascertain whether adverse effects differed by individual factors such as age, or interacted with other common adjuvant breast cancer treatments, we examined individual-level patient data for one large trial, AZURE. FINDINGS We identified 56 trials that reported adverse data, which included a total of 29,248 patients (18,301 receiving bisphosphonate drugs versus 10,947 not). 24 out of the 103 different adverse outcomes analysed showed a statistically and practically significant increase in patients receiving a bisphosphonate drug compared with those not (2 additional outcomes that appeared statistically significant came only from small studies with low event counts and no clinical suspicion so are likely artifacts). Most of these 24 are already clinically recognised: 'flu-like symptoms, fever, headache and chills; increased bone pain, arthralgia, myalgia, back pain; cardiac events, thromboembolic events; hypocalcaemia and osteonecrosis of the jaw; as well as possibly stiffness and nausea. Oral clodronate appeared to increase the risk of vomiting and diarrhoea (which may also be increased by other bisphosphonates), and there may be some hepatotoxicity. Four additional potential adverse effects emerged for bisphosphonate drugs in this analysis which have not classically be recognised: fatigue, neurosensory problems, hypertonia/muscle spasms and possibly dysgeusia. Several symptoms previously reported as potential side effects in the literature were not significantly increased in this analysis: constipation, insomnia, respiratory problems, oedema or thirst/dry mouth. Individual patient-level data and subgroup analysis revealed little variation in side effects between women of different ages or menopausal status, those with metastatic versus non-metastatic cancer, or between women receiving different concurrent breast cancer therapies. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis has produced estimates for the absolute frequencies of a range of side effects significantly associated with bisphosphonate drugs when used by breast cancer patients. These results show good agreement with previous literature on the subject but are the first systematic quantification of side effects and their severities. However, the analysis is limited by the availability and quality of data on adverse events, and the potential for bias introduced by a lack of standards for reporting of such events. We therefore present a table of adverse effects for bisphosphonates, identified and quantified to the best of our ability from a large number of trials, which we hope can be used to improve the communication of the potential harms of these drugs to patients and their healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra L. J. Freeman
- Department of Pure Mathematics & Mathematical Statistics, Winton Centre for Risk & Evidence Communication, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zśofia Szlamka
- Department of Pure Mathematics & Mathematical Statistics, Winton Centre for Risk & Evidence Communication, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Spiegelhalter
- Department of Pure Mathematics & Mathematical Statistics, Winton Centre for Risk & Evidence Communication, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Shen F, Pan X, Li M, Chen Y, Jiang Y, He J. Pharmacological Inhibition of Necroptosis Promotes Human Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Metastasis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:3165-3176. [PMID: 32368076 PMCID: PMC7170643 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s246899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer remains a great threat to females worldwide. As a recently defined programmed cell death pathway that associates with immune activation, RIP1/RIP3/MLKL necroptosis signaling has been implicated in a variety of diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the role of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL signaling in breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to evaluate the activation of necroptosis signaling in clinical human breast cancer tissues. Correlation of necroptosis signaling markers with clinicopathological parameters was statistically assessed. Cell viability assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, and transwell migration and invasion assays were performed to investigate the effects of necroptosis inhibition on breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. RESULTS Clinical breast cancer tissues showed significantly higher levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), RIP1, RIP3 and MLKL at both mRNA and protein levels as compared with their paired non-cancerous tissues. Phosphorylation of RIP3 and MLKL was also remarkably provoked. Statistics showed that both RIP1 and MLKL positively correlated with cancer parameters such as N-cadherin (p=0.002 for RIP1 and p=0.021 for MLKL) and Ki67 (p=0.031 for RIP1 and p=0.05 for MLKL). The MLKL expression level significantly correlated with tumor size (p=0.001) and the proliferation indicator Ki67 (p=0.018). In addition, pharmacological inhibition of the necroptosis signaling using necrostatin-1 promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and colony formation by approximately 50%. Blockade of necroptosis signaling also accelerated wound healing process and cell transmigration in breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that pharmacological inhibition of necroptosis promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Modulation of tumor cell necroptosis might represent a novel strategy as to breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangou Pan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixing Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, People’s Republic of China
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Lu G, Zheng J, Zhang L. The effect of exercise on aromatase inhibitor-induced musculoskeletal symptoms in breast cancer survivors :a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2020; 28:1587-1596. [PMID: 31853701 PMCID: PMC7036069 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-05186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is mixed regarding the effect of exercise programs on improving musculoskeletal symptoms and quality of life. Previous meta-analyses have not focused specifically on the musculoskeletal symptoms. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise on these outcomes in breast cancer survivors taking aromatase inhibitors. METHODS PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, Wan Fang, CNKI, VIP, and CBM were searched for randomized control trials or quasi-experimental studies from the establishment of the database to May 2019. Studies comparing exercise programs with usual care among breast cancer survivors taking aromatase inhibitors were included. The primary outcome was the degree of musculoskeletal symptoms, as assessed by scores of pain, stiffness, and grip strength. The secondary outcome was the total quality of life score. RESULTS A total of 9 studies involving 743 participants were included. Exercise programs were more effective than usual care in improving musculoskeletal symptoms among breast cancer patients taking AIs. The subgroup scores of pain (SMD = -0.46, 95% CI -0.79 to -0.13, P = 0.006), stiffness (SMD = -0.40, 95% CI -0.71 to -0.08, P = 0.01), and grip strength (SMD = 0.43, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.71, P = 0.002) benefited from exercise interventions. Similar effects were found for the quality of life scores (SMD = 2.24, 95% CI 0.28 to 4.21, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that exercise relieves musculoskeletal symptoms and improves quality of life, which can be used to motivate patients to exercise actively under professional guidance. Due to a small sample size, further research is required to ensure the effectiveness of exercise on musculoskeletal symptoms and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geling Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Breast, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, China
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Baker JR, Sakoff JA, McCluskey A. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a breast cancer drug target. Med Res Rev 2019; 40:972-1001. [PMID: 31721255 DOI: 10.1002/med.21645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, with more than 1.7 million diagnoses worldwide per annum. Metastatic breast cancer remains incurable, and the presence of triple-negative phenotypes makes targeted treatment impossible. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), most commonly associated with the metabolism of xenobiotic ligands, has emerged as a promising biological target for the treatment of this deadly disease. Ligands for the AhR can be classed as exogenous or endogenous and may have agonistic or antagonistic activity. It has been well reported that agonistic ligands may have potent and selective growth inhibition activity in a number of oncogenic cell lines, and one (aminoflavone) has progressed to phase I clinical trials for breast cancer sufferers. In this study, we examine the current state of the literature in this area and elucidate the promising advances that are being made in hijacking the cytosolic-to-nuclear pathway of the AhR for the possible future treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Baker
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennette A Sakoff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Waratah, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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Mocellin S, Goodwin A, Pasquali S. Risk-reducing medications for primary breast cancer: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 4:CD012191. [PMID: 31032883 PMCID: PMC6487387 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012191.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most frequently occurring malignancy and the second cause of death for cancer in women. Cancer prevention agents (CPAs) are a promising approach to reduce the burden of breast cancer. Currently, two main types of CPAs are available: selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs, such as tamoxifen and raloxifene) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs, such as exemestane and anastrozole). OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and acceptability of single CPAs for the prevention of primary breast cancer, in unaffected women, at an above-average risk of developing breast cancer.Using a network meta-analysis, to rank single CPAs, based on their efficacy and acceptability (an endpoint that is defined as the inverse of CPA-related toxicity). SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Breast Cancer Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP), and ClinicalTrials.gov on 17 August 2018. We handsearched reference lists to identify additional relevant studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that enrolled women without a personal history of breast cancer but with an above-average risk of developing a tumor. Women had to be treated with a CPA and followed up to record the occurrence of breast cancer and adverse events. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently extracted data and conducted risk of bias assessments of the included studies, and assessed the certainty of the evidence using GRADE. Outcome data included incidence of breast carcinoma (both invasive and in situ carcinoma) and adverse events (both overall and severe toxicity). We performed a conventional meta-analysis (for direct comparisons of a single CPA with placebo or a different CPA) and network meta-analysis (for indirect comparisons). MAIN RESULTS We included six studies enrolling 50,927 women randomized to receive one CPA (SERMs: tamoxifen or raloxifene, or AIs: exemestane or anastrozole) or placebo. Three studies compared tamoxifen and placebo, two studies compared AIs (exemestane or anastrozole) versus placebo, and one study compared tamoxifen versus raloxifene. The risk of bias was low for all RCTs.For the tamoxifen versus placebo comparison, tamoxifen likely resulted in a lower risk of developing breast cancer compared to placebo (risk ratio (RR) 0.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.62 to 0.76; 3 studies, 22,832 women; moderate-certainty evidence). In terms of adverse events, tamoxifen likely increased the risk of severe toxicity compared to placebo (RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.47; 2 studies, 20,361 women; moderate-certainty evidence). In particular, women randomized to receive tamoxifen experienced a higher incidence of both endometrial carcinoma (RR 2.26, 95% CI 1.52 to 3.38; high-certainty evidence) and thromboembolism (RR 2.10, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.89; high-certainty evidence) compared to women who received placebo.For the AIs versus placebo comparison, AIs (exemestane or anastrozole) reduced the risk of breast cancer by 53% (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.63; 2 studies, 8424 women; high-certainty evidence). In terms of adverse events, AIs increased the risk of severe toxicity by 18% (RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.28; 2 studies, 8352 women; high-certainty evidence). These differences were sustained especially by endocrine (e.g. hot flashes), gastrointestinal (e.g. diarrhea), and musculoskeletal (e.g. arthralgia) adverse events, while there were no differences in endometrial cancer or thromboembolism rates between AIs and placebo.For the tamoxifen versus raloxifene comparison, raloxifene probably performed worse than tamoxifen in terms of breast cancer incidence reduction (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.43; 1 study, 19,490 women; moderate-certainty evidence), but its use was associated with lower toxicity rates (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.95; 1 study, 19,490 women; moderate-certainty evidence), particularly relating to incidence of endometrial cancer and thromboembolism.An indirect comparison of treatment effects allowed us to compare the SERMs and AIs in this review. In terms of efficacy, AIs (exemestane or anastrozole) may have reduced breast cancer incidence slightly compared to tamoxifen (RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.98; 5 RCTs, 31,256 women); however, the certainty of evidence was low. A lack of model convergence did not allow us to analyze toxicity data. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS For women with an above-average risk of developing breast cancer, CPAs can reduce the incidence of this disease. AIs appear to be more effective than SERMs (tamoxifen) in reducing the risk of developing breast cancer. AIs are not associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events. However, long-term data on toxicities from tamoxifen are available while the follow-up toxicity data on unaffected women taking AIs is relatively short. Additional data from direct comparisons are needed to fully address the issues of breast cancer prevention by risk-reducing medications, with special regards to acceptability (i.e. the benefit/harm ratio).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandro Pasquali
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriSarcoma ServiceVia G. Venezian 1MilanoItaly20133
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Tervonen HE, Daniels B, Tang M, Preen DB, Pearson SA. Patterns of endocrine therapy in a national cohort of early stage HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2019; 28:812-820. [DOI: 10.1002/pds.4751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna E. Tervonen
- Medicines Policy Research Unit, Centre for Big Data Research in Health; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Benjamin Daniels
- Medicines Policy Research Unit, Centre for Big Data Research in Health; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Monica Tang
- Medicines Policy Research Unit, Centre for Big Data Research in Health; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - David B. Preen
- School of Population and Global Health; University of Western Australia; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Sallie-Anne Pearson
- Medicines Policy Research Unit, Centre for Big Data Research in Health; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales Australia
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11
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Economic Evaluation of Letrozole for Early Breast Cancer in a Health Resource-Limited Setting. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9282646. [PMID: 30155484 PMCID: PMC6098874 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9282646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective Long-term aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy is expected to improve the health outcomes with high health resource consumption in early breast cancer. The aim of the study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of letrozole for postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor positive early breast cancer in a health resource-limited setting. Methods A Markov model was developed to project the lifetime outcomes based on the clinical course of early breast cancer. The clinical and utility data were derived from reported results. Costs were estimated from the perspective of Chinese health care. The quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) and incremental cost-effective ratio (ICER) were measured. Probabilistic sensitivity and one-way analyses were conducted. Results Compared to 5 years of tamoxifen therapy, 5 years of AI treatment with letrozole improved the QALYs (10.44 versus 10.84) and increased the lifetime costs (CNY ¥13,613 versus CNY ¥28,797), resulting in an ICER of CNY ¥38,092 /QALY. The ICER of 5 years of letrozole versus 2-3 years of tamoxifen and then letrozole was CNY ¥68,233 /QALY. Sensitivity analyses showed that the age of initiating adjuvant endocrine therapy was the most influential parameter. Conclusions In health resource-limited settings, adjuvant endocrine therapy with letrozole is a cost-effective strategy compared to tamoxifen in women with early breast cancer.
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12
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Alfarsi L, Johnston S, Liu DX, Rakha E, Green AR. Current issues with luminal subtype classification in terms of prediction of benefit from endocrine therapy in early breast cancer. Histopathology 2018; 73:545-558. [PMID: 29603357 DOI: 10.1111/his.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine therapy for oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC) is arguably the most successful targeted cancer therapy to date. Nevertheless, resistance to endocrine therapy still occurs in a significant proportion of patients, limiting its clinical utility. ER+ or luminal BC, which represents approximately three-quarters of all breast malignancies, are biologically heterogeneous, with no distinct, clinically defined subclasses able to predict the benefit of endocrine therapy in early settings. To improve patient outcomes there is a clear need for improved understanding of the biology of the luminal BC, with subsequent translation into more effective methods of diagnosis to identify potential predictive biomarkers for endocrine therapy. This review summarises current knowledge of factors predictive of benefit of endocrine therapy and discusses why molecular classification systems of BC have yet to be translated into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutfi Alfarsi
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Simon Johnston
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Emad Rakha
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK.,Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew R Green
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
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13
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Borderline ER-Positive Primary Breast Cancer Gains No Significant Survival Benefit From Endocrine Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Breast Cancer 2018; 18:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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15
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Arnal JF, Lenfant F, Metivier R, Flouriot G, Henrion D, Adlanmerini M, Fontaine C, Gourdy P, Chambon P, Katzenellenbogen B, Katzenellenbogen J. Membrane and Nuclear Estrogen Receptor Alpha Actions: From Tissue Specificity to Medical Implications. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1045-1087. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00024.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) has been recognized now for several decades as playing a key role in reproduction and exerting functions in numerous nonreproductive tissues. In this review, we attempt to summarize the in vitro studies that are the basis of our current understanding of the mechanisms of action of ERα as a nuclear receptor and the key roles played by its two activation functions (AFs) in its transcriptional activities. We then depict the consequences of the selective inactivation of these AFs in mouse models, focusing on the prominent roles played by ERα in the reproductive tract and in the vascular system. Evidence has accumulated over the two last decades that ERα is also associated with the plasma membrane and activates non-nuclear signaling from this site. These rapid/nongenomic/membrane-initiated steroid signals (MISS) have been characterized in a variety of cell lines, and in particular in endothelial cells. The development of selective pharmacological tools that specifically activate MISS and the generation of mice expressing an ERα protein impeded for membrane localization have begun to unravel the physiological role of MISS in vivo. Finally, we discuss novel perspectives for the design of tissue-selective ER modulators based on the integration of the physiological and pathophysiological roles of MISS actions of estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Francois Arnal
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Equipe SP@RTE UMR 6290 CNRS, Institut de Genétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (Irest–INSERM UMR 1085), Equipe TREC, Rennes, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 6214, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Angers,
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Equipe SP@RTE UMR 6290 CNRS, Institut de Genétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (Irest–INSERM UMR 1085), Equipe TREC, Rennes, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 6214, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Angers,
| | - Raphaël Metivier
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Equipe SP@RTE UMR 6290 CNRS, Institut de Genétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (Irest–INSERM UMR 1085), Equipe TREC, Rennes, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 6214, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Angers,
| | - Gilles Flouriot
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Equipe SP@RTE UMR 6290 CNRS, Institut de Genétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (Irest–INSERM UMR 1085), Equipe TREC, Rennes, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 6214, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Angers,
| | - Daniel Henrion
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Equipe SP@RTE UMR 6290 CNRS, Institut de Genétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (Irest–INSERM UMR 1085), Equipe TREC, Rennes, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 6214, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Angers,
| | - Marine Adlanmerini
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Equipe SP@RTE UMR 6290 CNRS, Institut de Genétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (Irest–INSERM UMR 1085), Equipe TREC, Rennes, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 6214, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Angers,
| | - Coralie Fontaine
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Equipe SP@RTE UMR 6290 CNRS, Institut de Genétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (Irest–INSERM UMR 1085), Equipe TREC, Rennes, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 6214, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Angers,
| | - Pierre Gourdy
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Equipe SP@RTE UMR 6290 CNRS, Institut de Genétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (Irest–INSERM UMR 1085), Equipe TREC, Rennes, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 6214, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Angers,
| | - Pierre Chambon
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Equipe SP@RTE UMR 6290 CNRS, Institut de Genétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (Irest–INSERM UMR 1085), Equipe TREC, Rennes, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 6214, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Angers,
| | - Benita Katzenellenbogen
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Equipe SP@RTE UMR 6290 CNRS, Institut de Genétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (Irest–INSERM UMR 1085), Equipe TREC, Rennes, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 6214, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Angers,
| | - John Katzenellenbogen
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 1048, Université de Toulouse 3 and CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Equipe SP@RTE UMR 6290 CNRS, Institut de Genétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (Irest–INSERM UMR 1085), Equipe TREC, Rennes, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 6214, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Angers,
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16
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Exercise for improving bone health in women treated for stages I–III breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analyses. J Cancer Surviv 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11764-017-0622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Reimer T, Stachs A, Nekljudova V, Loibl S, Hartmann S, Wolter K, Hildebrandt G, Gerber B. Restricted Axillary Staging in Clinically and Sonographically Node-Negative Early Invasive Breast Cancer (c/iT1-2) in the Context of Breast Conserving Therapy: First Results Following Commencement of the Intergroup-Sentinel-Mamma (INSEMA) Trial. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2017; 77:149-157. [PMID: 28331237 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-122853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Axillary lymph node status remains an important prognostic factor in early breast cancer. It is regarded as an indicator for (neo)adjuvant systemic treatment and postoperative radiotherapy of the regional lymphatics. Commenced in September 2015, the INSEMA trial is investigating whether operative determination of nodal status as part of breast conserving therapy (BCT) for early stage breast cancer (c/iT1-2 c/iN0) can be avoided without reducing oncological safety. After inclusion of 1001 patients there was general acceptance of the complex study design by patients and study doctors so that recruitment for the first randomisation (axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy [SLNB]: yes or no) achieved predicted case numbers. The second randomisation however (SLNB alone versus complete axillary dissection when one or two macrometastases are present at SLNB) recruited fewer cases than expected for the following three reasons: a) the 13 % rate of one or two macrometastases after SLNB in the INSEMA trial collective was lower than expected; b) around 20 % of patients refused the second randomisation; c) there was delayed inclusion of the Austrian study centres, which only recruited for the second randomisation. Lack of knowledge of nodal status when SLNB is avoided represents a new challenge for the postoperative tumour board. In particular decisions on chemotherapy for luminal-like tumours and irradiation of the lymphatics (excluding axilla) must be guided by tumour biological parameters. The INSEMA trial does not provide answers to some important questions, e.g. it remains unclear whether patients without SLNB can be offered partial breast irradiation alone in low-risk situations and whether SLNB can also be avoided in patients with stage T1-2 tumours who have a mastectomy indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Reimer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - A Stachs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - S Loibl
- German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg, Germany
| | - S Hartmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - K Wolter
- Department of Radiotherapy, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - G Hildebrandt
- Department of Radiotherapy, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - B Gerber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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18
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Jinih M, Relihan N, Corrigan MA, O'Reilly S, Redmond HP. Extended Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer: Evidence and Update - A Review. Breast J 2017; 23:694-705. [PMID: 28252242 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The optimal duration and treatment strategies involving adjuvant endocrine therapy in early breast cancer remained largely undetermined. As data emerge on the various modalities of treatment in both pre- and postmenopausal groups, debates, and discussions continue. Most studies to date focused on the 5-year duration of treatment consisting of mainly tamoxifen. The Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) study demonstrated that anastrozole is superior to tamoxifen and has become the mainstream treatment in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer, although the duration was arbitrarily set for 5 years, analogous to tamoxifen treatment. Several clinical trials, however, have emerged to support extended endocrine therapy as it becomes clear that the recurrence risk of breast cancer does not decrease beyond the initial 5 years of treatment. The advent of molecular signatures also plays an important role in the breast cancer profiling, and where available should be incorporated in the overall decision-making. Furthermore, side effects and noncompliance pose another issue in achieving an optimal treatment benefit. The decision-making as regards to extended endocrine treatment should therefore focus not only on the cancer biology alone but also include treatment side effects, assessment of risk of recurrence and patients' preference. In this review, we present an overview of the published studies to date as well as ongoing studies on the topic to better refine the options for adjuvant hormonal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Jinih
- Department of Academic Surgery, Cork University Hospital (CUH), National University of Ireland (Cork), Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - Norma Relihan
- Department of Academic Surgery, Cork University Hospital (CUH), National University of Ireland (Cork), Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mark A Corrigan
- Department of Academic Surgery, Cork University Hospital (CUH), National University of Ireland (Cork), Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - Seamus O'Reilly
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cork University Hospital (CUH), National University of Ireland (Cork), Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - Henry P Redmond
- Department of Academic Surgery, Cork University Hospital (CUH), National University of Ireland (Cork), Wilton, Cork, Ireland
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Kotsopoulos J, Huzarski T, Gronwald J, Singer CF, Moller P, Lynch HT, Armel S, Karlan B, Foulkes WD, Neuhausen SL, Senter L, Tung N, Weitzel JN, Eisen A, Metcalfe K, Eng C, Pal T, Evans G, Sun P, Lubinski J, Narod SA. Bilateral Oophorectomy and Breast Cancer Risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109:2905636. [PMID: 27601060 PMCID: PMC6284253 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Whether oophorectomy reduces breast cancer risk among BRCA mutation carriers is a matter of debate. We undertook a prospective analysis of bilateral oophorectomy and breast cancer risk in BRCA mutation carriers. Methods Subjects had no history of cancer, had both breasts intact, and had information on oophorectomy status (n = 3722). Women were followed until breast cancer diagnosis, prophylactic bilateral mastectomy, or death. A Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer associated with oophorectomy (coded as a time-dependent variable). All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Over a mean follow-up of 5.6 years, 350 new breast cancers were diagnosed. Among women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, oophorectomy was not associated with breast cancer risk compared with women who did not undergo an oophorectomy. The age-adjusted hazard ratio associated with oophorectomy was 0.96 (95% CI = 0.73 to 1.26, P = 76) for BRCA1 and was 0.65 (95% CI = 0.37 to 1.16, P = 14) for BRCA2 mutation carriers. In stratified analyses, the effect of oophorectomy was statistically significant for breast cancer in BRCA2 mutation carriers diagnosed prior to age 50 years (age-adjusted HR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.63, P = 007). Oophorectomy was not associated with risk of breast cancer prior to age 50 years among BRCA1 mutation carriers (age-adjusted HR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.55 to 1.13, P = 51). Conclusions Findings from this large prospective study support a role of oophorectomy for the prevention of premenopausal breast cancer in BRCA2, but not BRCA1 mutation carriers. These findings warrant further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Kotsopoulos
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tomasz Huzarski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Christian F Singer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pal Moller
- Department for Medical Genetics, Inherited Cancer Research Group, and Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital; Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Henry T Lynch
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE
| | - Susan Armel
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Beth Karlan
- Gynecology Oncology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - William D Foulkes
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Department of Oncology and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Leigha Senter
- Division of Human Genetics, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Nadine Tung
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | | | - Andrea Eisen
- Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute and Center for Personalized Genetic Healthcare, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Tuya Pal
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Departments of Cancer Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Anatomic Pathology, and Experimental Therapeutics, Tampa, FL
| | - Gareth Evans
- Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (GE)
| | - Ping Sun
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jan Lubinski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Steven A Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Yan M, Zhang L, Li G, Xiao S, Dai J, Cen X. Long noncoding RNA linc-ITGB1 promotes cell migration and invasion in human breast cancer. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2017; 64:5-13. [PMID: 26601916 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women globally. Its high morbidity and mortality, as well as its elevated tendency to metastasize to other organs, warrant the urgency to find new biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. The specific roles of long noncoding RNA linc-ITGB1 on cell proliferation and metastasis in breast cancer were explored in this study. The expression of linc-ITGB1 was significantly upregulated in both clinical breast cancer tissues and cultured breast cancer cell lines. The linc-ITGB1 knockdown with specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) decreased cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro. Tumor growth in vivo was also inhibited by linc-ITGB1 depletion. In addition, linc-ITGB1 depletion caused cell accumulation in the G0/G1 phase. Breast cancer cell lines with linc-ITGB1 depletion exhibited decreased migration and invasion abilities compared with the control cells. Furthermore, the linc-ITGB1 knockdown decreased the expression of mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin while increasing the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin. Key cell cycle regulators Cdc25C and Cyclin B1 were also decreased by the linc-ITGB1 knockdown. These data suggest that linc-ITGB1 promotes breast cancer progression by inducing cell cycle arrest and interrupting the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meidi Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 7 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 7 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengwen Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 7 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 7 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Cen
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 7 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Peters E, Anzeneder T, Jackisch C, Dimpfl T, Kunz G, Katalinic A, Waldmann A. The Treatment of Primary Breast Cancer in Older Women With Adjuvant Therapy: A Retrospective Analysis of Data From Over 3000 Patients From the PATH Biobank, With Two-Year Follow-up. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 112:577-84. [PMID: 26377529 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2015.0577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in Germany. Mortality from breast cancer has declined over the past 15 years, but less so in women aged 70 or older than in younger women. The discrepancy might be explained by age-related differences in treatment. METHODS Data from the Patients' Tumor Bank of Hope (PATH) database of women who underwent adjuvant treatment for the treatment of an invasive primary tumor without distant metastases (year of diagnosis, 2006-2011) were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical and tumor-biological findings and treatment data over two years of follow-up were compared across three age groups (under age 50, ages 50 to 69, and ages 70 and up). Chi-square tests were carried out to reveal significant differences, and post-hoc multiple comparisons were performed with and without Bonferroni correction. Treatment data were adjusted for staging and grading and tested for age-dependence with logistic regression. RESULTS Follow-up data were available for 3257 (65% ) of 4981 women, of whom 61% were in the middle age group and 22% in the oldest. Compared to women aged 50 to 69, those aged 70 and up less commonly received breast-conserving treatment (68.8% vs. 86.4% ), chemotherapy (27.5% vs. 44.1% ), radiotherapy (81.8% vs. 92.4% ), and trastuzumab (52.9% vs. 79.3% ; p<0.001 for all differences). All differences remained significant after stastistical adjustment. CONCLUSION The cause of these age-related differences is unclear. It cannot be determined from these data whether concomitant disease, the older patients' individual decisions, or other factors were responsible for their not receiving treatment as often as the younger patients did.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Peters
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Lübeck, PATH Biobank, Augsburg, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sana Klinikum Offenbach, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum Kassel, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Johannes Hospital, Dortmund, Institute for Cancer Epidemiology e.V., University of Lübeck
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22
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Alramadhan M, Ryu JM, Rayzah M, Nam SJ, Kim SW, Yu J, Lee SK, Bae SY, Park S, Paik HJ, Lee JE. Goserelin plus tamoxifen compared to chemotherapy followed by tamoxifen in premenopausal patients with early stage-, lymph node-negative breast cancer of luminal A subtype. Breast 2016; 30:111-117. [PMID: 27697675 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the outcomes of adjuvant goserelin combined with tamoxifen (GosTam) compared to chemotherapy followed by tamoxifen (ChemTam) in premenopausal patients with early stage, luminal A breast cancer. METHODS From 2008 until 2013, data were retrospectively collected for premenopausal patients who underwent surgery for invasive tumors that were ≤2.0 cm, node-negative, strongly positive for estrogen and progesterone receptors, HER-2-negative, and Ki-67 < 25%. The patients were divided into two groups according to adjuvant regimen, either GosTam or ChemTam. All patients who underwent different adjuvant regimens were excluded. RESULTS In total, 235 patients underwent GosTam and 171 patients underwent ChemTam. There were significantly more patients younger than 40 years in the GosTam group (32% GosTam vs. 22% ChemTam, p = 0.031). Mean tumor size was significantly smaller (1.19 cm vs. 1.48 cm, p < 0.001), Ki-67 significantly lower (p = 0.049), and nuclear grade was low in a significant number of patients in the GosTam group (2% vs. 13%, p < 0.001). After a median follow-up of 51.3 months, there was no mortality in either group. There was no significant difference in 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) between the two groups even after univariate analysis considering age, tumor size, nuclear grade, and P53% (GosTam = 98.9% vs. ChemTam = 95.7%, HR = 0.404, 95% CI = [0.073, 2.222], p = 0.248). CONCLUSION There was no difference between treatment groups, and neither chemotherapy nor ovarian suppression seemed to improve the outcome. Thus, tamoxifen alone might be a sufficient option for this low-risk patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Alramadhan
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jai Min Ryu
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Musaed Rayzah
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Won Kim
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghan Yu
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Kyung Lee
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Youn Bae
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Park
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-June Paik
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eon Lee
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Tamoxifen Resistance: Emerging Molecular Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081357. [PMID: 27548161 PMCID: PMC5000752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
17β-Estradiol (E2) plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of breast cancer. As a result, blockade of the E2 signal through either tamoxifen (TAM) or aromatase inhibitors is an important therapeutic strategy to treat or prevent estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer. However, resistance to TAM is the major obstacle in endocrine therapy. This resistance occurs either de novo or is acquired after an initial beneficial response. The underlying mechanisms for TAM resistance are probably multifactorial and remain largely unknown. Considering that breast cancer is a very heterogeneous disease and patients respond differently to treatment, the molecular analysis of TAM’s biological activity could provide the necessary framework to understand the complex effects of this drug in target cells. Moreover, this could explain, at least in part, the development of resistance and indicate an optimal therapeutic option. This review highlights the implications of TAM in breast cancer as well as the role of receptors/signal pathways recently suggested to be involved in the development of TAM resistance. G protein—coupled estrogen receptor, Androgen Receptor and Hedgehog signaling pathways are emerging as novel therapeutic targets and prognostic indicators for breast cancer, based on their ability to mediate estrogenic signaling in ERα-positive or -negative breast cancer.
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Pagani O, Regan MM, Francis PA. Are SOFT and TEXT results practice changing and how? Breast 2016; 27:122-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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25
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Mocellin S, Goodwin A, Pasquali S. Risk-reducing medication for primary breast cancer: a network meta-analysis. Hippokratia 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mocellin
- University of Padova; Dept. Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology; Via Giustiniani 2 Padova Veneto Italy 35128
- IOV-IRCCS; Istituto Oncologico Veneto; Padova Italy 35100
| | - Annabel Goodwin
- The University of Sydney, Concord Repatriation General Hospital; Concord Clinical School; Concord NSW Australia 2137
- Concord Repatriation General Hospital; Medical Oncology Department; Concord Australia
- Sydney Local Health District and South Western Sydney Local Health District; Cancer Genetics Department; Sydney Australia
| | - Sandro Pasquali
- Veneto Institute of Oncology - IRCCS; Surgical Oncology Unit; Via Gattamelata 64 Padova Italy 35128
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Gheybi MK, Baradaran A, Mohajeri MR, Ostovar A, Hajalikhani P, Farrokhi S. Validity of immunohistochemistry method in predictingHER-2gene status and association of clinicopathological variables with it in invasive breast cancer patients. APMIS 2016; 124:365-71. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kazzem Gheybi
- Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Centre; Bushehr University of Medical Sciences; Bushehr Iran
| | - Azar Baradaran
- Department of Pathology; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | | | - Afshin Ostovar
- Department of Epidemiology; Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Centre; Bushehr University of Medical Sciences; Bushehr Iran
| | | | - Shokrollah Farrokhi
- Department of Immunology; Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center; Bushehr University of Medical Sciences; Bushehr Iran
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27
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da Silva TL. Male breast cancer: Medical and psychological management in comparison to female breast cancer. A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrc.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Fan J, Jiang H, Cheng L, Liu R. The oncolytic herpes simplex virus vector, G47Δ, effectively targets tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1741-9. [PMID: 26718317 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to establish a tamoxifen-resistant cell line (MCF-7/TAM-R) and to investigate the therapeutic effect of G47Δ on this cell line both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, the MCF-7/TAM-R monoclonal subline was established after exposing MCF-7 cells to tamoxifen for 21 days. Then, it was compared with a wild-type MCF-7 subline (MCF-7W), which was not treated with tamoxifen. Cell proliferation, viability, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses were carried out to examine the characteristics of the MCF-7/TAM-R cells. Both in vitro and in vivo toxicity studies were conducted to investigate the therapeutic effect of G47Δ on the MCF-7/TAM-R cells. Compared to the MCF-7W cells, we found that the MCF-7/TAM-R cells exhibited a higher proliferation ability (P<0.05) and a stronger resistance to the cytotoxic effects induced by 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) (P<0.05). G47Δ demonstrated a high cytotoxic effect on both the MCF-7/TAM-R and MCF-7W cell lines. After being infected with G47Δ at an MOI of 0.01, >90% of the MCF-7/TAM-R and MCF-7W cells died on day 5. G47Δ induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Furthermore, G47Δ inhibited tumor growth in subcutaneous tumor models of both MCF-7/TAM-R and MCF-7W. Thus, we conclude that G47Δ, a third generation oncolytic herpes simplex virus, is highly sensitive and safe in targeting tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Fan
- Breast Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Breast Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R. China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Breast Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R. China
| | - Renbin Liu
- Breast Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, P.R. China
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Valera MC, Gourdy P, Trémollières F, Arnal JF. From the Women’s Health Initiative to the combination of estrogen and selective estrogen receptor modulators to avoid progestin addition. Maturitas 2015; 82:274-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Lumachi F, Santeufemia DA, Basso SMM. Current medical treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. World J Biol Chem 2015; 6:231-239. [PMID: 26322178 PMCID: PMC4549764 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v6.i3.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 80% of breast cancers (BC) are estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and thus endocrine therapy (ET) should be considered complementary to surgery in the majority of patients. The advantages of oophorectomy, adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy in women with advanced BC have been demonstrated many years ago, and currently ET consist of (1) ovarian function suppression (OFS), usually obtained using gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa); (2) selective estrogen receptor modulators or down-regulators (SERMs or SERDs); and (3) aromatase inhibitors (AIs), or a combination of two or more drugs. For patients aged less than 50 years and ER+ BC, there is no conclusive evidence that the combination of OFS and SERMs (i.e., tamoxifen) or chemotherapy is superior to OFS alone. Tamoxifen users exhibit a reduced risk of BC, both invasive and in situ, especially during the first 5 years of therapy, and extending the treatment to 10 years further reduced the risk of recurrences. SERDs (i.e., fulvestrant) are especially useful in the neoadjuvant treatment of advanced BC, alone or in combination with either cytotoxic agents or AIs. There are two types of AIs: type I are permanent steroidal inhibitors of aromatase, while type II are reversible nonsteroidal inhibitors. Several studies demonstrated the superiority of the third-generation AIs (i.e., anastrozole and letrozole) compared with tamoxifen, and adjuvant therapy with AIs reduces the recurrence risk especially in patients with advanced BC. Unfortunately, some cancers are or became ET-resistant, and thus other drugs have been suggested in combination with SERMs or AIs, including cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (palbociclib) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, such as everolimus. Further studies are required to confirm their real usefulness.
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Valéra MC, Chantalat E, Vinel A, Benoit T, Guillaume M, Game X, Gourdy P, Trémollières F, Payrastre B, Arnal JF. L’association estrogènes et modulateurs sélectifs du récepteur des estrogènes : un renouveau du traitement hormonal ? Presse Med 2015; 44:805-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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