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L-ARGININE PREVENTS ISCHEMIC INJURY IN EXPLANTED RAT INTESTINAL REGIONS IN AN EX VIVO PERFUSION MODEL. TRANSPLANTATION REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tpr.2022.100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Fagundes DJ, Carrara FL, Teixeira WA, Simões RS, Taha MO. The role of the exogenous supply of adenosine triphosphate in the expression of Bax and Bcl2L1 genes in intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in rats 1. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 33:889-895. [PMID: 30484498 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020180100000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of the exogenous supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the expression of Bax and Bcl2L1 genes in intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (IR) in rats. METHODS The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial with a blinded assessment of the outcome. Eighteen adult male Wistar-EPM1 rats were housed under controlled temperature and light conditions (22-23°C, 12 h light/dark cycle). The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: 1. Sham group (SG): no clamping of the superior mesenteric artery; 2. Ischemia and reperfusion group (IRG): 3. Ischemia and reperfusion plus ATP (IRG + ATP). ATP was injected in the femoral vein before and after ischemia. Afterwards, intestinal segments were appropriately removed and processed for Endothelial Cell Biology Rat RT2 Profiler PCR Array. RESULTS ATP promoted the upregulation of Bcl2L1 gene expression, whereas it did not have significant effects on Bax gene expression. In addition, the relation of Bax/Bcl2L1 gene expression in the IRG group was 1.39, whereas it was 0.43 in the IRG + ATP group. Bcl2L1 plays a crucial role in protecting against intestinal apoptosis after ischemia and reperfusion. Increased Bcl2L1 expression can inhibit apoptosis while decreased Bcl2L1 expression can trigger apoptosis. CONCLUSION Adenosine triphosphate was associated with antiapoptotic effects on the rat intestine ischemia and reperfusion by upregulating of Bcl2L1 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djalma José Fagundes
- PhD, Full Professor, Division of Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, critical revision, final approval
| | - Fernando Lopes Carrara
- Graduate student, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Acquisition of data, technical procedures, manuscript preparation
| | - William Andrade Teixeira
- Graduate student, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Acquisition of data, technical procedures, manuscript preparation
| | - Ricardo Santos Simões
- PhD, Department of Morphology and Genetic, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Analysis of data, manuscript writing, final approval
| | - Murched Omar Taha
- PhD, Associate Professor, Division of Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, critical revision
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Taha MO, de Oliveira JV, Dias Borges M, de Lucca Melo F, Gualtieri FG, E Silva Aidar AL, Pacheco RL, de Melo Alexandre E Silva T, Klajner RK, Iuamoto LR, Munhoz Torres L, Morais Mendes de Paula BJ, de Campos K, Oliveira-Junior IS, Fagundes DJ. L-Arginine Modulates Intestinal Inflammation in Rats Submitted to Mesenteric Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:512-5. [PMID: 27109989 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this study was to investigate whether exogenous offer of L-arginine (LARG) modulates the gene expression of intestinal dysfunction caused by ischemia and reperfusion. METHODS Eighteen Wistar-EPM1 male rats (250-300 g) were anesthetized and subjected to laparotomy. The superior mesenteric vessels were exposed, and the rats were randomized into 3 groups (n = 6): the control group (CG), with no superior mesenteric artery interruption; the ischemia/reperfusion group (IRG), with 60 minutes of ischemia and 120 minutes of reperfusion and saline injections; and the L-arginine group (IRG + LARG), with L-arginine injected in the femoral vein 5 minutes before ischemia, 5 minutes after reperfusion, and after 55 minutes of reperfusion. The total RNA was extracted and purified from samples of the small intestine. The concentration of each total RNA sample was determined by using spectrophotometry. The first-strand complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized in equal amounts of cDNA and the Master Mix SYBR Green qPCR Mastermix (SABiosciences, a Qiagen Company, Frederick, Md). Amounts of cDNA and Master Mix SYBR Green qPCR Mastermix were distributed to each well of the polymerase chain reaction microarray plate containing the predispensed gene-specific primer sets for Bax and Bcl2. Each sample was evaluated in triplicate, and the Student t test was applied to validate the homogeneity of each gene expression reaction (P < .05). RESULTS The gene expression of Bax in IRG (+1.48) was significantly higher than in IRG-LARG (+9.69); the expression of Bcl2L1 in IRG (+1.01) was significantly higher than IRG-LARG (+22.89). CONCLUSIONS The apoptotic cell pathway of 2 protagonists showed that LARG improves the gene expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl2l1 (Bcl2-like 1) more than the pro-apoptotic Bax (Bcl2-associated X protein).
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Taha
- Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - J V de Oliveira
- Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - M Dias Borges
- Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - F de Lucca Melo
- Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - F G Gualtieri
- Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - A L E Silva Aidar
- Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - R L Pacheco
- Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | | | - R K Klajner
- Universitary Center São Camilo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - L R Iuamoto
- University of São Paulo Medical School-USP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - K de Campos
- Medical School of University of Mogi, Mogi das Cruzes-SP, Brazil
| | - I S Oliveira-Junior
- Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - D J Fagundes
- Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
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Kandhare AD, Patil MVK, Bodhankar SL. l-Arginine attenuates the ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis in ininephrectomized hypertensive rats: role of KIM-1, NGAL, and NOs. Ren Fail 2015; 37:709-21. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2015.1011967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Margaritis EV, Yanni AE, Agrogiannis G, Liarakos N, Pantopoulou A, Vlachos I, Papachristodoulou A, Korkolopoulou P, Patsouris E, Kostakis M, Perrea DN, Kostakis A. Effects of oral administration of (L)-arginine, (L)-NAME and allopurinol on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Life Sci 2011; 88:1070-6. [PMID: 21565201 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Revised: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is implicated in many clinical conditions, and it performs a fundamental role in their pathophysiologies. Oral administration of antioxidants and nitric oxide (NO) donors ameliorate intestinal injury. Here, the effects of l-arginine, allopurinol and N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) were investigated. MAIN METHODS One hundred twenty-eight male Wistar rats were separated into 4 groups and subjected to occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery for 60 min. The Control group did not receive any substance before the surgical operation. However, the 3 other groups received the following: l-arginine (800 mg/kg body weight; l-Arg group), l-NAME (50mg/kg; l-NAME group) or allopurinol (100mg/kg; Allo group). Each substance was given by mouth in 3 equal doses 24, 12 and 1h before the surgical operation. Each group was then divided into 4 subgroups, which underwent different durations of reperfusion (0, 1, 8 or 24h). At the end of each time point, blood and tissue samples were collected, and histological examinations were performed. Serum nitrite and catalase, intestinal tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitrotyrosine (NT) levels were determined. KEY FINDINGS At each reperfusion time point, the Allo group exhibited the mildest histological lesions in contrast to the l-NAME group, which showed the most severe lesions. MPO was decreased significantly in the Allo and l-Arg groups during reperfusion, and allopurinol administration caused earlier and stronger effect. iNOS and NT levels were higher in the l-Arg group and lower in the Allo group. Serum nitrite and catalase were increased in the l-NAME group after 24h. SIGNIFICANCE Oral administration of allopurinol exerted a strong and protective effect on the intestinal tissue that was subjected to I/R earlier than l-arginine. This finding was also supported with the MPO, iNOS and NT data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios V Margaritis
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgery Research "N. Christeas", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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Varga J, Tóth S, Staško P, Bujdoš M, Veselá J, Jonecová Z, Pomfy M. Different ischemic preconditioning regimens affecting preservation injury of intestines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 46:207-13. [PMID: 21525771 DOI: 10.1159/000327396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Decreasing ischemia-reperfusion injury in intestinal transplantation is of paramount importance for improving graft recovery and function. This study explores the ability of two ischemic preconditioning (IPC) regimens to reduce preservation injury. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 11 each). In the controls (group C), intestinal grafts were harvested and preserved. IPC was performed either through 4 cycles of mesenteric ischemia of 4 min each followed by 10 min of reperfusion (group BIPC) or 2 ischemic cycles of 12 min each followed by 10 min of reperfusion (group LIPC). Grafts were stored in histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate, and samples were taken 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 h after preservation. Preservation injury was scored using the Park/Chiu scale. Goblet cells (GC), enteroendocrine cells (EEC) and serotonin-producing EEC (SPEEC) were studied for evaluation of the graft conditions. Group C had the most advanced preservation injury followed by group BIPC. GC count was lowest in group C, followed by BIPC. Comparison between groups BIPC and LIPC showed superior parameters (preservation injury, GC, EEC, and SPEEC) in LIPC. In conclusion, an IPC regimen of 2 ischemic cycles of 12 min each followed by 10 min of reperfusion distinctly decreased the preservation injury of intestinal grafts compared with non-manipulated grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ján Varga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia.
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Liu KX, Li C, Li YS, Yuan BL, Xu M, Xia Z, Huang WQ. Proteomic analysis of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury and ischemic preconditioning in rats reveals the protective role of aldose reductase. Proteomics 2010; 10:4463-75. [PMID: 21136599 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201000078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a critical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Studies show that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) can protect the intestine from I/R injury. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this event have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, 2-DE combined with MALDI-MS was employed to analyze intestinal mucosa proteomes of rat subjected to I/R injury in the absence or presence of IPC pretreatment. The protein content of 16 proteins in the intestinal mucosa changed more than 1.5-fold following intestinal I/R. These proteins were, respectively, involved in the cellular processes of energy metabolism, anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis. One of these proteins, aldose reductase (AR), removes reactive oxygen species. In support of the 2-DE results, the mRNA and protein expressions of AR were significantly downregulated upon I/R injury and enhanced by IPC as confirmed by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Further study showed that AR-selective inhibitor epalrestat totally turned over the protective effect of IPC, indicating that IPC confers protection against intestinal I/R injury primarily by increasing intestinal AR expression. The finding that AR may play a key in intestinal ischemic protection might offer evidences to foster the development of new therapies against intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Chao YK, Wu YC, Yang KJ, Chiang LL, Liu HP, Lin PJ, Chu Y. Pulmonary perfusion with L-arginine ameliorates post-cardiopulmonary bypass lung injury in a rabbit model. J Surg Res 2009; 167:e77-83. [PMID: 20189593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2009] [Revised: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) lung injury is the combination of whole body inflammatory response and local ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. We investigated the benefit of pulmonary perfusion with L-arginine in protection against post-CPB lung injury. METHODS New Zealand white rabbits (n = 50, weight, 2.5-2.8 kg) were divided into five groups (n = 10 each): sham (sham sternotomy), CPB (CPB without pulmonary perfusion), perfusion (CPB with pulmonary perfusion), L-arginine (CPB with perfusion + L-arginine), and L-NAME (CPB with perfusion + L-NAME). The duration of CPB was 60 min followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Pulmonary perfusion was performed every 20 min through the pulmonary artery during CPB. Checking parameters included: (1) pulmonary vascular resistance, (2) pulmonary artery endothelium relaxation (organ chamber study), and (3) IR marker (myeloperoxidase) and inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-B, NF-κB). RESULTS CPB induced pulmonary artery endothelium dysfunction manifested by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and impaired pulmonary artery relaxation. Pulmonary perfusion could significantly reverse the phenomenon (P < 0.01) while provision of NO precursor-L-arginine with pulmonary perfusion together further possessed significant relaxation ability for pulmonary arterial endothelium compared with perfusion alone (P < 0.05). Accordingly, lung parenchyma myeloperoxidase activity and inflammatory cytokine level were also markedly increased after CPB (P < 0.05). Pulmonary perfusion could partially decrease the response, whereas additional L-arginine further attenuated inflammatory cytokine release (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Pulmonary perfusion during CPB partially ameliorates CPB-induced lung injury. Pulmonary perfusion with L-arginine could further attenuate lung injury by restoring endothelial function and decreasing inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Kai Chao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Lopez-Neblina F, Toledo AH, Toledo-Pereyra LH. Evaluation of a Novel Cold Storage Solution (HBS) in a Rat Kidney Transplant Model. J INVEST SURG 2009; 20:257-63. [PMID: 17710607 DOI: 10.1080/08941930701493127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We developed an improved solution for hypothermic storage (0-4 degrees C) of kidneys. The cold storage solution (HBS) was composed of macromolecules, high-energy cellular substrates, and a mixture of antiproteolytic amino acids, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory compounds. The objectives in developing this solution were to achieve superior metabolic support of the kidney during cold storage and to protect against ischemic injury. Inbred Brown Norway rats, weighing 225-250 g, were subjected to orthotopic ultrarapid technique for kidney isotransplantation to minimize warm ischemia and to test the preservation process. The kidney was transplanted after 12 h of preservation. The animals were divided into three groups based upon the preservation solution utilized: HBS solution, HTK solution (Custodiol), and UW solution (UWS)(ViaSpan). Among the recipients, each group had two subsets. The first subset of animals was used to assess survival at 7 days as well as the reperfusion damage index (RDI) based on the macroscopic physical characteristics of the kidney at the time of transplantation. The second subset in each group was utilized to measure serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen at 4 and 7 days, and histology at death or sacrifice. Mean +/- standard deviation (M +/- SD) was used for all parameters studied. The HBS solution showed significantly better protection at 12 h when compared to HTK and UW solutions. The reperfusion damage index (RDI) showed excellent preservation in the HBS (14 +/- 1), good preservation in UWS (13 +/- 1.5), and moderate preservation in the HTK (11 +/- 2) group. Histology was in concordance with the RDI, showing better histological findings with HBS and UW solutions than with the HTK group. Serum creatinine was significantly better in the HBS group when compared to HTK and UWS. Survival was statistically different, with 80% survival at 7 days in the HBS group, 20% survival in the HTK group, and 50% survival in the UWS group (p < .05). The HBS solution offered a new alternative for kidney cold storage with significantly better results when compared to the current gold standards of HTK and UW solutions in Brown Norway rats. This solution warrants further testing in other mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Lopez-Neblina
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Human Biosystems Michigan Branch, Vicksburg, Michigan, USA
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Dasgupta T, Hebbel RP, Kaul DK. Protective effect of arginine on oxidative stress in transgenic sickle mouse models. Free Radic Biol Med 2006; 41:1771-80. [PMID: 17157180 PMCID: PMC1948977 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2005] [Revised: 07/31/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by reperfusion injury and chronic oxidative stress. Oxidative stress and hemolysis in SCD result in inactivation of nitric oxide (NO) and depleted arginine levels. We hypothesized that augmenting NO production by arginine supplementation will reduce oxidative stress in SCD. To this end, we measured the effect of arginine (5% in mouse chow) on NO metabolites (NOx), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and selected antioxidants in transgenic sickle mouse models. Untreated transgenic sickle (NY1DD) mice (expressing approximately 75% beta(S)-globin of all beta-globins; mild pathology) and knockout sickle (BERK) mice (expressing exclusively hemoglobin S; severe pathology) showed reduced NOx levels and significant increases in the liver LPO compared with C57BL mice, with BERK mice showing maximal LPO increase in accordance with the disease severity. This was accompanied by reduced activity of antioxidants (glutathione, total superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase). However, GSH levels in BERK were higher than in NY1DD mice, indicating a protective response to greater oxidative stress. Importantly, dietary arginine significantly increased NOx levels, reduced LPO, and increased antioxidants in both sickle mouse models. In contrast, nitro-L-arginine methylester, a potent nonselective NOS inhibitor, worsened the oxidative stress in NY1DD mice. Thus, the attenuating effect of arginine on oxidative stress in SCD mice suggests its potential application in the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461
| | - Robert P Hebbel
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delware Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Dhananjay K. Kaul
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461
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