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Keyes S, Spouge RJ, Kennedy P, Rai S, Abdellatif W, Sugrue G, Barrett SA, Khosa F, Nicolaou S, Murray N. Approach to Acute Traumatic and Nontraumatic Diaphragmatic Abnormalities. Radiographics 2024; 44:e230110. [PMID: 38781091 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Acute diaphragmatic abnormalities encompass a broad variety of relatively uncommon and underdiagnosed pathologic conditions, which can be subdivided into nontraumatic and traumatic entities. Nontraumatic abnormalities range from congenital hernia to spontaneous rupture, endometriosis-related disease, infection, paralysis, eventration, and thoracoabdominal fistula. Traumatic abnormalities comprise both blunt and penetrating injuries. Given the role of the diaphragm as the primary inspiratory muscle and the boundary dividing the thoracic and abdominal cavities, compromise to its integrity can yield devastating consequences. Yet, diagnosis can prove challenging, as symptoms may be vague and findings subtle. Imaging plays an essential role in investigation. Radiography is commonly used in emergency evaluation of a patient with a suspected thoracoabdominal process and may reveal evidence of diaphragmatic compromise, such as abdominal contents herniated into the thoracic cavity. CT is often superior, in particular when evaluating a trauma patient, as it allows rapid and more detailed evaluation and localization of pathologic conditions. Additional modalities including US, MRI, and scintigraphy may be required, depending on the clinical context. Developing a strong understanding of the acute pathologic conditions affecting the diaphragm and their characteristic imaging findings aids in efficient and accurate diagnosis. Additionally, understanding the appearance of diaphragmatic anatomy at imaging helps in differentiating acute pathologic conditions from normal variations. Ultimately, this knowledge guides management, which depends on the underlying cause, location, and severity of the abnormality, as well as patient factors. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Keyes
- From the Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (S.K., R.J.S., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Jim Pattison Pavilion South, 899 W 12th Ave, Room G861, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9 (R.J.S., P.K., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (W.A.)
| | - Rebecca J Spouge
- From the Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (S.K., R.J.S., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Jim Pattison Pavilion South, 899 W 12th Ave, Room G861, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9 (R.J.S., P.K., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (W.A.)
| | - Padraic Kennedy
- From the Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (S.K., R.J.S., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Jim Pattison Pavilion South, 899 W 12th Ave, Room G861, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9 (R.J.S., P.K., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (W.A.)
| | - Shamir Rai
- From the Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (S.K., R.J.S., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Jim Pattison Pavilion South, 899 W 12th Ave, Room G861, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9 (R.J.S., P.K., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (W.A.)
| | - Waleed Abdellatif
- From the Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (S.K., R.J.S., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Jim Pattison Pavilion South, 899 W 12th Ave, Room G861, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9 (R.J.S., P.K., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (W.A.)
| | - Gavin Sugrue
- From the Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (S.K., R.J.S., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Jim Pattison Pavilion South, 899 W 12th Ave, Room G861, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9 (R.J.S., P.K., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (W.A.)
| | - Sarah A Barrett
- From the Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (S.K., R.J.S., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Jim Pattison Pavilion South, 899 W 12th Ave, Room G861, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9 (R.J.S., P.K., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (W.A.)
| | - Faisal Khosa
- From the Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (S.K., R.J.S., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Jim Pattison Pavilion South, 899 W 12th Ave, Room G861, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9 (R.J.S., P.K., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (W.A.)
| | - Savvas Nicolaou
- From the Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (S.K., R.J.S., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Jim Pattison Pavilion South, 899 W 12th Ave, Room G861, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9 (R.J.S., P.K., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (W.A.)
| | - Nicolas Murray
- From the Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (S.K., R.J.S., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Jim Pattison Pavilion South, 899 W 12th Ave, Room G861, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9 (R.J.S., P.K., S.R., G.S., S.A.B., F.K., S.N., N.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (W.A.)
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Murugesan C, Bai M, Pottakkat B, Dwivedi DP, Munuswamy H, Mohan P. Congenital bilio-bronchial fistula in an adult: a review of literature and video demonstration of laparoscopic fistula tract excision. JOURNAL OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY 2024; 27:1-11. [PMID: 38494180 PMCID: PMC10961235 DOI: 10.7602/jmis.2024.27.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This article presents a review of the literature on congenital bilio-bronchial fistula (BBF), a rare anomaly characterized by abnormal communication between the bile duct and respiratory tract. Congenital BBF often presents with bilioptysis in early neonates and infants; however, patients with no overt symptoms may occasionally present in adulthood. Our literature search in Medline from 1850 to 2023 revealed 42 reported cases of congenital BBF, primarily managed with thoracotomy and excision of the fistula tract. About one-third of these cases required multiple surgeries due to associated biliary anomalies. The review underscores the importance of diagnostic imaging, including bronchoscopy, in identifying and delineating the extent of the fistula. It also highlights the evolving surgical management, with recent cases showing the efficacy of minimally invasive approaches such as laparoscopy and thoracoscopy. In addition to the literature review, we report a young female patient with a history of recurrent respiratory infections presenting with bilioptysis and extensive left lung damage. Initial management included bronchoscopy-guided glue instillation, left thoracotomy, and pneumonectomy. Following the recurrence of symptoms, the patient was successfully treated with laparoscopic excision of the fistula tract. In recent times, minimally invasive approaches such as laparoscopy and thoracoscopy, with excision of the fistula tract are gaining popularity and have shown good results. We suggest biliary communication being the high-pressure end, tackling it transabdominal may prevent recurrent problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrasekar Murugesan
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Muniza Bai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Biju Pottakkat
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Dharm Prakash Dwivedi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Hemachandren Munuswamy
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Pazhanivel Mohan
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Pokharel P, Panah S, Dabek RJ, Schwarzova K, Araim F, Gupta A. Acquired Bronchobiliary Fistula in a Young Adult Patient With Sepsis: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e53110. [PMID: 38414685 PMCID: PMC10898819 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a rare, highly morbid condition that results from an abnormal connection between biliary channels and the bronchial tree. In the past, this condition has been known to be caused by untreated hydatid cysts or hepatic abscesses that can erode through the diaphragm into the pleural cavity and bronchial tree, creating fistulation. However, the condition's spectrum has changed in recent years, and BBFs have also become associated with neoplasm, iatrogenic causes, and trauma. Cases of BBF are treated differently, either with simple conservative management or invasive surgery. We present a case of a 46-year-old male initially presenting with sepsis, who was found to have a BBF. The diagnosis was made after a hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan showed the flow of a tracer in the lung fields. The condition was likely due to acute cholecystitis and prior biliary instrumentation. The patient was treated successfully with percutaneous cholecystostomy tube insertion followed by elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy several weeks after hospital discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sahar Panah
- General Surgery, Ross University School of Medicine, Bridgetown, BRB
| | - Robert J Dabek
- General Surgery, Ascension Saint Agnes Hospital, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Fawaz Araim
- Surgery, Ascension Saint Agnes Hospital, Baltimore, USA
| | - Alok Gupta
- General Surgery, Ascension Saint Agnes Hospital, Baltimore, USA
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Gautam V, Kumar V, Agarwal S, Gupta S. Delayed diagnosis of bronchobiliary fistula complicating a pediatric living donor liver transplantation: a case report. KOREAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION 2023; 37:293-298. [PMID: 37885160 PMCID: PMC10772266 DOI: 10.4285/kjt.23.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a very rare condition in children. Only a few pediatric BBF cases have been reported, in the context of a ruptured hydatid cyst or liver abscess. BBF after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has not been reported in the pediatric literature. We report a 7-year-old female child with Wilson disease, who developed BBF post-LDLT. She had a clinically uneventful course in the immediate post-transplant period. She was readmitted on postoperative day (POD) 75 with a productive cough and respiratory difficulty, which was diagnosed as bilioptysis secondary to BBF. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography was attempted but failed. Exploratory laparotomy showed a fistula from the strictured biliary anastomotic site to the right thoracic cavity; it was excised, and a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy was performed. She tolerated the procedure well and remained clinically well on follow-up through POD 185. BBF is extremely rare in children. This is the first case report of BBF in a child following LDLT. BBF requires a high index of suspicion for a timely intervention to prevent subsequent complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Gautam
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikram Kumar
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Shaleen Agarwal
- Department of Liver Transplant Surgery, Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhash Gupta
- Department of Liver Transplant Surgery, Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Lian BD, Zhou WY, Peng J, Zhang X, Zhao K, Chen C, Wang XT, Wang YG, He ZL. Bronchobiliary fistula caused after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage treatment: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36363. [PMID: 38115309 PMCID: PMC10727582 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) plays a significant role especially in the diagnosis and decompression of bile duct obstruction. However, it is associated with complications such as hemobilia, occlusion of drainage, bile leakage, and even bronchobiliary fistula (BBF). PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSES We herein describe a patient with a complication of BBF caused by long-term indwelling PTBD catheters. She underwent multiple operations including bilioenteric anastomosis, hepatic left lateral lobectomy, and long-term PTBD treatment. Her symptoms were mainly cough, fever, and yellow sputum and her diagnosis was confirmed by sputum culture (bilirubin detection was positive). INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES The patient recovered uneventfully by minimally invasive treatment, was discharged after 1 week of hospitalization, and the drainage tube was removed 2 weeks later. During 2 years of follow-up, no recurrence of BBF was observed. LESSONS Patients with long-term indwelling PTBD catheters for biliary tract obstruction may lead to BBF. The treatment plan of BBF is tailored to the patient's individualized characteristics. And minimally invasive treatments might be an effective alternate way for the treatment of BBF. The accurate diagnosis, precision treatment, and multidisciplinary team play important roles in the treatment of BBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Da Lian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wen-Yi Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kang Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound Interventional, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Interventional, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin-Tian Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong-Gang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zi-Li He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
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Ye L, Hu Y, Qian H, Yu J. Treating microwave ablation-complicated bronchobiliary fistula using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:5946-5947. [PMID: 37690890 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.08.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ye
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yanxin Hu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Hongwei Qian
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China.
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Freidkin L, Azem K, Pertzov B, Izhakian S, Rosengarten D, Kramer MR. Endobronchial closure of broncho-biliary fistula using Amplatzer device: Case report. Respir Med Case Rep 2023; 46:101943. [PMID: 38025252 PMCID: PMC10661852 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2023.101943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Broncho-biliary fistula (BBF) is an extremely rare but serious medical condition resulting from pathological communication between the biliary system and the bronchial tree. Treatment options include both surgical and non-surgical approaches. Several endobronchial techniques, such as the spigot and glue, can be used for this purpose. This report discusses a patient who developed a broncho-biliary fistula following a liver biopsy. The BBF was diagnosed during bronchoscopy and successfully treated with an endobronchial Amplatzer device. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of the Amplatzer device to manage BBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Freidkin
- Pulmonary Division, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karam Azem
- Anesthesiology Department, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Barak Pertzov
- Pulmonary Division, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shimon Izhakian
- Pulmonary Division, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dror Rosengarten
- Pulmonary Division, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mordechai R. Kramer
- Pulmonary Division, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Trieu M, Weihe EK, Sunwoo BY. Bilioptysis Caused by Bronchobiliary Fistula. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208:896-897. [PMID: 37339503 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202303-0370im] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Trieu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Elizabeth K Weihe
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Bernie Y Sunwoo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, and
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Queirós T, Castro B, Ferreira A, Amado A, Louro H, Lucas MC, Santos J, Cardoso JM, Oliveira M. Bronchobiliary fistula after stenting of biliary duct as the management of iatrogenic bile duct injury during elective cholecystectomy. Acta Chir Belg 2023; 123:544-549. [PMID: 35253620 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2022.2049071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchobiliary fistula is a rare and complex entity defined by an abnormal communication between the biliary and bronchial systems. The etiopathogenesis is not completely understood, but the most common factors implicated are hepatobiliary tumors, biliary obstruction, iatrogenic damage or trauma. METHODS Here we present a case of a 69-year-old man that developed a bronchobiliary fistula and a pulmonary abscess after migration of a bile duct stent placed as part of the treatment of an iatrogenic bile duct injury that occurred during elective cholecystectomy. RESULTS A conservative approach, that included broad-spectrum antibiotic, removal of the stent, and sphincterotomy, was enough for the closure of the fistula and resolution of the symptoms. CONCLUSION We emphasize the importance of prompt recognition of this entity and a concerted therapeutic strategy to optimize the probability of success, avoiding the destructive consequences of the bile in the pulmonary parenchyma and septic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Queirós
- General Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Castro
- General Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Ana Ferreira
- General Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Andreia Amado
- General Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Hugo Louro
- General Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Maria Conceição Lucas
- General Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Jorge Santos
- General Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - João Miguel Cardoso
- General Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Manuel Oliveira
- General Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
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10
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Fang TK, Huang YN, Chiang TY, Liu XB, Lu YB. Complications of Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report of Bronchobiliary Fistula Development in a 68-Year-Old Man. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2023; 24:e939195. [PMID: 37679946 PMCID: PMC10496117 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.939195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchobiliary fistulas (BBFs) are abnormal communications between the biliary tract and bronchial tree. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a widely employed treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While TACE is generally considered safe, there have been reports of severe complications. This case report is about a 68-year-old man who developed a BBF 6 months after undergoing TACE for HCC. CASE REPORT A 68-year-old man was diagnosed with HCC and underwent TACE at a local medical department. Two months after TACE, he presented with a liver abscess, which was drained and catheterized. Subsequently, the patient was transferred to our hospital. Initial MRI revealed abscesses in the right hepatic lobe extending into the lung cavity. Intrahepatic catheter replacement was performed. Six months after TACE, the patient developed cough and yellow sputum. Subsequent MRI confirmed smaller lung and liver abscesses, along with a BBF. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and percutaneous catheter replacement were conducted, closing the BBF with a covered stent. Despite drainage, antibiotics, and nutritional support, the patient's condition deteriorated. Transition to hospice care was initiated, and the patient died due to sepsis and multiple organ failure. CONCLUSIONS This case highlights the importance of obtaining a comprehensive patient history when a patient has bile in the sputum, and discusses the rare but previously reported BBF as a complication of TACE for HCC. The presence of bile collections in the lungs and liver can result in tissue necrosis, potentially leading to chronic infection, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Kai Fang
- Department of Digestive Disease, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yung-Ning Huang
- Department of Digestive Disease, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Tung-Ying Chiang
- Department of Digestive Disease, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Xiang-bo Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yang-Bor Lu
- Department of Digestive Disease, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
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11
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Thouil A, Bouhout T, Rhazari M, Serji B, Kouismi H. Biliptysis Revealing a Bilio-Bronchial Fistula. Cureus 2023; 15:e42842. [PMID: 37664321 PMCID: PMC10473440 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of a bilio-bronchial fistula (BBF) of hydatid origin is considered a serious complication as it can lead to significant injuries at the abdominal, diaphragmatic, and thoracic levels. Here, we report the case of a 70-year-old patient presenting with biliptysis as a symptom and whose thoracic and abdominal CT scan confirmed the presence of a right BBF. The management consisted of an initial endoscopic sphincterotomy, followed by an exclusive left thoracotomy surgery to treat lung, liver, and diaphragmatic injuries. Fortunately, the evolution was favorable with the disappearance of the biliptysis. To diagnose a BBF, it is crucial to conduct a precise assessment, focusing mainly on imaging to accurately locate the injury before any surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf Thouil
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Research and Medical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Mohammed First University, Oujda, MAR
| | - Tariq Bouhout
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Regional Oncology Center, Oujda, MAR
| | - Meriem Rhazari
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Research and Medical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Mohammed First University, Oujda, MAR
| | - Badr Serji
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Regional Oncology Center, Oujda, MAR
| | - Hatim Kouismi
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Research and Medical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Mohammed First University, Oujda, MAR
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12
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Picchi SG, Lassandro G, Comune R, Pezzullo F, Fiorini V, Lassandro F, Tonerini M, Masala S, Tamburro F, Scaglione M, Tamburrini S. Case Series of MRI and CT Assessment of Acquired Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Transdiaphragmatic Fistulae. Tomography 2023; 9:1356-1368. [PMID: 37489476 PMCID: PMC10366742 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9040108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Transdiaphragmatic fistulae are rare conditions characterized by pathological communication between two epithelium-lined surfaces. Hepato-thoracic fistula consists of abnormal communication between the liver and/or the biliary system and the thorax; while the pancreaticopleural fistula consists of abnormal communication between the pancreas and the thorax, the pleuro-biliary fistula represents the more common type. Clinical symptoms and laboratory findings are generally non-specific (e.g., thoracic and abdominal pain, dyspnea, cough, neutrophilia, elevated CPR, and bilirubin values) and initially, first-level investigations, such as chest RX and abdominal ultrasound, are generally inconclusive for the diagnosis. Contrast-enhanced CT represents the first two-level radiological imaging technique, usually performed to identify and evaluate the underlying pathology sustained by transdiaphragmatic fistulae, their complications, and the evaluation of the fistulous tract. When the CT remains inconclusive, other techniques such as MRI and MRCP can be performed. A prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial because the recognition of fistulae and the precise definition of the fistulous tract have a major impact on the management acquisition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Giusto Picchi
- Department of Radiology, Ospedale del Mare-ASL NA1 Centro, Via Enrico Russo 11, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Lassandro
- Department of Radiology, Ospedale del Mare-ASL NA1 Centro, Via Enrico Russo 11, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosita Comune
- Division of Radiology, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Filomena Pezzullo
- Department of Radiology, Ospedale del Mare-ASL NA1 Centro, Via Enrico Russo 11, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Fiorini
- Department of Radiology, Ospedale del Mare-ASL NA1 Centro, Via Enrico Russo 11, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Lassandro
- Department of Radiology, Ospedale S.Anna e SS. Madonna della Neve, ASL NA3 Sud, Via Lenze, Boscotrecase, 80042 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Tonerini
- Department of Emergency Radiology, Cisanello Hospital, Via Paradisa 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Masala
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Fabio Tamburro
- Department of Radiology, Ospedale del Mare-ASL NA1 Centro, Via Enrico Russo 11, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariano Scaglione
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Radiology, James Cook University Hospital & Teesside University, Marton Road, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK
| | - Stefania Tamburrini
- Department of Radiology, Ospedale del Mare-ASL NA1 Centro, Via Enrico Russo 11, 80147 Naples, Italy
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13
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Mardani P, Kamran H, Khosravi F, Shahriarirad R, Shahabinejad P, Geramizadeh B, Soleimani N, Amirian A. Bronchobiliary fistulae as a complication of untreated pulmonary hydatid cyst presenting with bilioptysis: A report of two cases. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7524. [PMID: 37323254 PMCID: PMC10264942 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We reported two patients, a 45-year-old lady and a 48-year-old man, known cases of untreated liver and lung hydatid cysts complicated with bronchobiliary fistulae. Surgery was performed, and bronchobiliary fistulae were diagnosed intraoperatively. Lobectomy was done on the lobe, which was chronically infected. Symptoms resolved after surgery in both cases. Green-colored sputum in a patient with a history of echinococcosis should raise the physician's attention to the probability of a connection between the bronchial tree and the biliary tract. Surgery in advanced cases is a suitable therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Mardani
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research CenterShiraz University of Medical ScienceShirazIran
- Department of SurgeryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Hooman Kamran
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research CenterShiraz University of Medical ScienceShirazIran
- Student Research CommitteeShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Fateme Khosravi
- Student Research CommitteeShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Reza Shahriarirad
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research CenterShiraz University of Medical ScienceShirazIran
| | | | - Bita Geramizadeh
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center (STRC)Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Neda Soleimani
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center (STRC)Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Armin Amirian
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research CenterShiraz University of Medical ScienceShirazIran
- Department of SurgeryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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14
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Didden P, Bruijnen RCG, Vonken EJPA, Vleggaar FP. Endoscopic embolization of a refractory bronchobiliary fistula by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography using coils and Histoacryl. Endoscopy 2023; 55:484-485. [PMID: 37105159 PMCID: PMC10139763 DOI: 10.1055/a-2017-9651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Didden
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rutger C G Bruijnen
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Radiology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Evert-Jan P A Vonken
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Radiology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Frank P Vleggaar
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Utrecht, Netherlands
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15
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Nishioki T, Koyama R, Okubo H, Fukuo Y, Takasaki Y, Yae T, Banno T, Kido K, Takahashi K, Shiina S, Ikejima K. Endobronchial Watanabe Spigot Placement for Hepatic Abscess and Bronchobiliary Fistula Following Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Intern Med 2023; 62:999-1004. [PMID: 35945018 PMCID: PMC10125827 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0392-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is an uncommon but severe complication after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). However, the definitive salvage methods are controversial. We herein report a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatic abscess and BBF following RFA. We also review previous reports of BBF after RFA. The patient was a man in his 70s who underwent RFA for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in the subphrenic area. Despite percutaneous transhepatic abscess drainage, bilioptysis persisted. Finally, the BBF was occluded with an endobronchial Watanabe spigot under fiber-optic bronchoscopy. Placing an endobronchial Watanabe spigot should be considered as a salvage therapy for refractory BBF following RFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Nishioki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Ryo Koyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Hironao Okubo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Yuka Fukuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Yae
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Banno
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Kenji Kido
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Shiina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ikejima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
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16
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The management of thoracobiliary fistulas in children: a systematic review. Pediatr Surg Int 2023; 39:150. [PMID: 36884128 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-023-05431-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Thoracobiliary fistula (TBF) is a rare condition, in which an atypical communication between the bronchial tree and the biliary tree is present. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases for studies reporting TBF in children. Data regarding patient demographics, site of fistula presentation, preoperative diagnostic procedures needed, and treatment modalities employed were extracted for further analysis. The study pool consisted of 43 studies incorporating 48 cases of TBF. The most frequent symptom was bilioptysis (67%), followed by dyspnea (62.5%), cough (37.5%) and respiratory failure (33%). Regarding the origin of fistula, the left hepatic duct was involved in 29 cases (60.4%), the right hepatic duct in 4 cases (8.3%), and the hepatic junction in 1 case (2%). Surgical management was employed in 46 patients (95.8%). Fistulectomy was performed in 40 patients (86.9%), lung lobectomy or pneumonectomy in 6 (13%), Roux en Y hepaticojejunostomy in 3 (6.5%), and decortication or drainage in 3 cases (6.5%). Three patients died (overall mortality 6.3%), while 17 patients suffered from postoperative complications (overall morbidity 35.4%). TBF in children is a rare but morbid entity which evolves as a result of congenital malformation in the majority of cases. Preoperative imaging of the biliothoracic communication and proper surgical treatment are the components of current management.
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17
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Chen YX, Deng ZH, Zhao H, Zhou BY, Guo JJ, Zeng G, Qian JX. Bronchobiliary fistula in patient with liver cancer. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2023:S1499-3872(23)00007-3. [PMID: 36732113 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Xin Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Bi-Ying Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jing-Jing Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Gang Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jin-Xian Qian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China.
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18
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Batalin Júnior LM, Zandoná MCESS, Vargas TA, de Oliveira JC, Chiappetto JRS, Oliveira CV, Romeiro FG, Tanni SE. Case report: Biliobronchial fistula after biliary tract stenosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1075745. [PMID: 36590971 PMCID: PMC9800597 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1075745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliobronchial fistula (BBF) is a rare abnormality resulting from congenital or acquired communication between the bile ducts and the bronchial tree. Patients often suffer from chronic cough, dyspnea, and bilioptysis, a pathognomonic symptom of this condition. Conservative methods such as less-invasive procedures are gradually consolidating. Nonetheless, surgery remains the primary treatment, especially in more complex cases. We present the case of a 44-year-old woman with a chronic cough, no verified periods of fever, cyclic jaundice, and episodes of yellowish sputum. She had undergone cholecystectomy in 2018 and had been hospitalized several times since for pneumonia treatment. All consequent investigations for mycobacteriosis were negative. When referred to our hospital, she had cyclic jaundice and parenchymal consolidation in the right lower lobe. Suspected bilioptysis motivated the search for a biliobronchial fistula. Magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) confirmed stenosis of the biliary tract and fistulous path, and sputum analysis indicated high bilirubin levels. External biliary bypass was performed as an initial conservative and definitive therapy due to the presence of liver cirrhosis. Although BBF is a rare condition when bilioptysis is suspected, a diagnostic investigation should be initiated. Our case study proposes two criteria for diagnosis: an imaging exam demonstrating the fistulous path and confirmation of bilirubin in the sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). When diagnosed, surgical correction should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Maurício Batalin Júnior
- Pulmonary Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil,Gastroenterology Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil,*Correspondence: Luís Maurício Batalin Júnior
| | - Mariana Conceição e Silva Seleme Zandoná
- Pulmonary Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil,Gastroenterology Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thomaz Almeida Vargas
- Pulmonary Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil,Gastroenterology Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio Cesar de Oliveira
- Pulmonary Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil,Gastroenterology Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Rocha Souza Chiappetto
- Pulmonary Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil,Gastroenterology Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassio Vieira Oliveira
- Pulmonary Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil,Gastroenterology Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gomes Romeiro
- Pulmonary Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil,Gastroenterology Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suzana Erico Tanni
- Pulmonary Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil,Gastroenterology Division of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine—UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil,Suzana Erico Tanni
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19
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Diagnosis of Traumatic Bronchobiliary Fistula With Late 99m Tc-Mebrofenin SPECT/CT. Clin Nucl Med 2022; 47:e752-e753. [PMID: 35835115 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000004334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) represents a rare disorder; it consists of abnormal interconnection between the biliary tract and bronchial trees. A 22-year-old woman with persistent chest pain, jaundice, and biliptysis was referred for hepatobiliary scintigraphy under clinical suspicion of a BBF. Patient medical history was consistent with biliary tree reconstruction secondary to an iatrogenic injury during cholecystectomy 4 years ago. Previous complementary studies (CT and MR cholangiopancreatography) were equivocal for diagnosis. Planar dynamic images of hepatobiliary scintigraphy in the first hour were inconclusive. A 24-hour SPECT/CT was performed and confirmed the BBF in a minimally invasive way.
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20
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Dias E, Cardoso H, Pereira P, Moutinho-Ribeiro P, Macedo G. Bronchial-biliary fistula secondary to cholangiocarcinoma: long-term efficacy of biliary self-expandable metal stent. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS : ORGANO OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE PATOLOGIA DIGESTIVA 2022; 114:758-760. [PMID: 35704365 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.8970/2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A 77-year-old female with previous medical history of non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sequential partial hepatectomy followed by transarterial chemoembolization complained of pruritus and jaundice. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed a peri-hilar ill-defined stenosing lesion suggestive of malignancy. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with cholangioscopy confirmed a circumferential peri-hilar stenosis with fragile mucosa and tortuous dilated vessels and biopsies of this area were consistent cholangiocarcinoma. After 3 months, she presented with new-onset dyspnea and bilioptysis and abdominal computed tomography revealed a bronchial-biliary fistula. ERCP was performed to place a self-expandable metal stent in the biliary tract, which resulted in rapid clinical improvement. The patient has been followed for 2 years and remains globally stable with two episodes of worsening of bilioptysis secondary to stent obstruction by lithiasis that were easily resolved with Fogarty balloon-assisted extraction, with rapid improvement. This case demonstrates the long-term efficacy of endoscopic biliary drainage with self-expandable metallic stent for bronchial-biliary fistula in the setting of cholangiocarcinoma. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Dias
- Gastrenterology , Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Portugal
| | - Hélder Cardoso
- Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João
| | - Pedro Pereira
- Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Portugal
| | | | - Guilherme Macedo
- Gastroenterology , Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Portugal
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21
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Didden P, Bruijnen RCG, Vonken EJPA, Vleggaar FP. Endoscopic embolization of a refractory bronchobiliary fistula by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography using coils and Histoacryl. Endoscopy 2022; 55:E268-E269. [PMID: 36427496 PMCID: PMC9831773 DOI: 10.1055/a-1974-9202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Didden
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Frank P. Vleggaar
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Utrecht, Netherlands
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22
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Lo YC, Hsu PW, Chew FY, Chen HY. Special presentation of bronchobiliary fistula after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31596. [PMID: 36401479 PMCID: PMC9678547 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a widely adopted treatment for advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, several complications may occur, such as hepatic artery injury, nontarget embolization, pulmonary embolism, hepatic abscess, biloma, biliary strictures, and hepatic failure. However, bronchobiliary fistula is rarely mentioned before. PATIENT CONCERNS A 65-year-old man with HCC underwent the TACE procedure, and then he encountered fever, dyspnea, abdominal pain, and abundant yellowish purulent bronchorrhea. DIAGNOSIS Bronchobiliary fistula was diagnosed based on the computed tomography (CT) scan of his chest, which revealed the right lower lobe of his lung was connected to a hepatic cystic lesion. INTERVENTIONS Percutaneous transhepatic cystic drainage was performed, and we obtained yellowish bile, showing the same characteristics as the patient's bronchorrhea. OUTCOMES We kept drainage of his biloma and provided supportive care as the patient wished. Unfortunately, the patient passed away due to progressive right lower lobe pneumonia 2 weeks later. LESSONS This case exhibits a typical CT scan image that was helpful for the diagnosis of post-TACE bronchobiliary fistula. Post-TACE bronchobiliary fistula formation hypothesis includes biliary tree injuries with subsequent biloma formation and diaphragmatic injuries. Moreover, the treatment of bronchobiliary fistula should be prompt to cease pneumonia progression. Therefore, we introduce this rare complication of post-TACE bronchobiliary fistula in hopes that future clinicians will keep earlier intervention in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chun Lo
- Department of Medical Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Wen Hsu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fatt-Yang Chew
- Department of Medical Imaging, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yao Chen
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * Correspondence: Hung-Yao Chen, Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan (e-mail: )
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23
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Wuthithepbuncha N, Boonsarngsuk V, Laikitmongkhon J, Incharoen P, Sukkasem W. Rapidly progressive interstitial pneumonia associated with anti-NXP2 antibody secondary to malignancy. Respir Med Case Rep 2022; 40:101765. [PMID: 36324337 PMCID: PMC9619176 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2022.101765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of a diffuse lung disease is challenging for physicians and it requires a multidisciplinary team approach to solve this problem. Herein, we present a case of common bile duct obstruction from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after biliary stent placement, which developed a rapidly progressive bilateral lung infiltration after oesophagogastroduodenoscopy. After a diagnostic evaluation based on clinical, radiographic, and pathological findings, a diagnosis of rapidly progressive interstitial pneumonia associated with anti-nuclear matrix protein (NXP) 2 antibody secondary to malignancy was made. In patients with interstitial lung disease with unclear aetiologies, autoantibodies, including antinuclear antibody and myositis-specific antibodies should be evaluated, even if there are no clinical signs of autoimmune disease. Although this is the first case report of an acute interstitial pneumonitis-associated anti-NXP2 antibody, physicians should recognise this condition as it can rapidly cause acute fulminant respiratory failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataphon Wuthithepbuncha
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Viboon Boonsarngsuk
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand,Corresponding author.
| | - Jakkrit Laikitmongkhon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Pimpin Incharoen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Warawut Sukkasem
- Division of Thoracic Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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24
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Peng Y, Fan J, Zhu G, Fang C, Peng F, Zhang Z, Tian J, Su S, Yang X, Li B. First case report of spontaneous biliary pleural fistula diagnosed using near infrared region I/II fluorescence of indocyanine green. Front Oncol 2022; 12:906812. [PMID: 35992781 PMCID: PMC9390835 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.906812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a rare case of spontaneous biliary pleural fistula in a patient whose diagnosis was aided by the use of near-infrared I/II fluorescence imaging. When both 99mTc-mebrofenin hepatobiliary scintigraphy and CT examination were diagnostically difficult, we found strong fluorescent signals in the patient’s pleural drainage fluid and sputum using NIR I/II fluorescence imaging, and therefore diagnosed the patient with a biliary pleural fistula. This provides a safe and effective test for diagnosing biliary pleural fistulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Peng
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Gang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fangyi Peng
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Song Su
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoli Yang, ; Bo Li,
| | - Bo Li
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoli Yang, ; Bo Li,
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25
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Achalla LSV, Shinde RK, Jogdand SD, Anand A, Vodithala S. Biliary Stent Obstruction Leading to Bronchobiliary Fistula: A Rare Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e26514. [PMID: 35923487 PMCID: PMC9342902 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a rare complication encountered by surgeons, most commonly during the follow-up of surgically managed patients with inflammatory, traumatic, or neoplastic pathologies involving the hepatobiliary tree. We present an operated case of liver hydatidosis with biliary stent obstruction with complaints of bitter green colored sputum and upper abdominal pain. The patient underwent an ERCP-guided stent extraction with reinsertion of a common bile duct stent with complete removal after six weeks. Post operatively, the patient is doing well on follow-up. This complication could be prevented by regular follow-up and timely removal of the placed stents, as a prolonged stay of stent insitu could lead to blockage, leading to complications such as bronchobiliary fistula. Thus, it is concluded that judicious follow-up plays a pivotal role, and timely removal of the stents could prevent such avoidable delayed complications.
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26
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Bronchobiliary Fistula Management With Bronchoscopic Occlusive Stenting and Fibrin Glue Instillation. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2022; 29:e49-e51. [PMID: 35730787 DOI: 10.1097/lbr.0000000000000812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Tun KM, Naga Y, Aponte-pieras J, Bhaya B. Intrapulmonary Gallstones and Pleuro-Biliary Fistula Formation Due to Complication From Prior Cholecystectomy: A Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e25836. [PMID: 35836468 PMCID: PMC9273197 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrapulmonary gallstones and the formation of pleuro-biliary fistula is a rare complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The stones are most commonly found in the right lower lobe of the lungs. The symptoms tend to be insidious in nature and can manifest as hemoptysis, irritating cough, and cholelithoptysis years after the procedure. The stones can be removed through lobectomy or may also be treated non-invasively with antibiotics only. Here, we describe a case of a patient who developed hemoptysis and was found to have intrapulmonary gallstones from laparoscopic cholecystectomy and subsequent fistula formation.
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28
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A C, M D, Ka S. Multimodal Approach to Acquired Bronchobiliary Fistula Secondary to Hepaticojejunostomy Stricture Following Yttruim-90 Therapy. Am Surg 2022:31348221088964. [PMID: 35451877 DOI: 10.1177/00031348221088964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is an abnormal connection between the bronchial system and the biliary tree. It pathognomonically presents with bilioptysis (production of bilious-tinged sputum) and is associated with mortality rates up to 12.7%. Here we present a 56-year-old male with stage IV neuroendocrine pancreatic cancer status post pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. The patient developed an acquired BBF secondary to repeated Yttrium-90 radioembolization therapy that resulted in complete stenosis of the hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) anastomosis. The diagnosis was confirmed using cholescintigraphy and bronchoscopy. Biliary decompression with percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram was unsuccessful, necessitating resection of the HJ anastomosis with salvage bilioenteric reconstruction using Kasai-type anastomosis between the pancreaticobiliary limb and hepatic duct. Complete resolution was noted following surgery. Although a minimally invasive approach to treatment of BBF may be favorable, patients with previous biliary reconstruction may warrant multimodal treatments including percutaneous procedures and complex surgical reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chopra A
- Department of Surgery, RinggoldID:89021University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - DeVries M
- Department of Surgery, RinggoldID:89021University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Simo Ka
- Department of Surgery, RinggoldID:89021University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.,Department of Surgery, Toledo Hospital, Toledo, OH, USA
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29
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Deshmukh A, Parmar G, Megahed A, Vegunta A, Ali R. Embolization of a bilio-bronchial fistula via percutaneous biliary approach. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022; 33:738-740. [PMID: 35283279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Deshmukh
- Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Health Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, CT
| | - Gaurav Parmar
- Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Health Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, CT
| | - Ayah Megahed
- Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Health Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, CT
| | - Aishwariya Vegunta
- Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Health Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, CT
| | - Rahmat Ali
- Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Health Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, CT.
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30
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Sakai T, Honda T, Matsutani N, Kawamura M. Successful Radiograph-guided Bronchial Occlusion with Silicon Spigots for Bronchobiliary Fistula. Ann Thorac Surg 2021; 114:e193-e195. [PMID: 34968448 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistulas (BBF), defined as abnormal connections between a bronchus and the bile duct, are rare. Bronchial occlusion with silicon spigots under radiographic guidance is a good alternative means of treating a BBF when surgical intervention is considered too risky. A 60-year-old man was diagnosed with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and underwent chemotherapy. He developed obstructive jaundice, which was treated with percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage (PTCD). Subsequent bronchoscopy with contrast medium via the PTCD tube enabled identification of a BBF and the responsible bronchus, which was occluded with silicon spigots. There were no complications after this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sakai
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi Ward, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8606.
| | - Takeshi Honda
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi Ward, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8606
| | - Noriyuki Matsutani
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Mizonokuchi Hospital, 5-1-1 Futago, Takatsu Ward, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan, 213-8507
| | - Masafumi Kawamura
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi Ward, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8606
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31
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Kim HY, Lee HJ. A case report of a lung abscess as a rare complication of a pyogenic liver abscess. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27789. [PMID: 35049176 PMCID: PMC9191369 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE A hepatobronchial fistula and lung abscess following a pyogenic liver abscess is a rare entity and it is not easy to diagnose this condition based on the symptoms and chest radiography. PATIENT CONCERNS An 81-year-old man presented with productive cough and dyspnea. DIAGNOSIS Chest radiography indicated increased opacities in the right lower lung field with an air-fluid level suggestive of pneumonia complicated by a lung abscess. Chest and abdominal computed tomography revealed an abscess in the right lower lung field that bordered an abscess at segment 7 of the liver. Tubography confirmed a fistula between the liver and lung abscesses. INTERVENTIONS Due to communication between 2 abscesses, transhepatic approach was done instead of transpleural approach to avoid complications. OUTCOMES A liver abscess complicated by a lung abscess was resolved following percutaneous transhepatic drainage of the liver abscess and antibiotic administration. LESSONS Though uncommon, the lack of suspicion of sub-diaphragmatic liver abscess often lead to a delay in diagnosis and proper treatment. Our case implies the importance of computed tomography in early diagnosis of liver abscess in case of lung abscess in the right lower lung field.
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32
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Isogai H, Inoue M, Miura M. Hepatic cyst infection complicated by a hepatobronchial fistula diagnosed with unique features. Oxf Med Case Reports 2021; 2021:omab105. [PMID: 34729203 PMCID: PMC8557399 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omab105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A hepatobronchial fistula (HBF) is a rare condition, defined as an abnormal connection of the respiratory system with the liver parenchyma. Although imaging may be helpful for diagnosis, fistulae are often difficult to identify. An 81-year-old woman presented with mild fever and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral pneumonia and hepatic cyst infection with air-fluid levels. After mechanical ventilation, abdominal CT showed increased air in the hepatic cyst. The drainage bag for the hepatic cyst infection was also inflated by positive pressure ventilation, suggesting a possible HBF. The ventilator was adjusted to minimize pressure on the fistula and prevent retrograde infection. The fistula eventually closed spontaneously. Appropriate antibiotic treatment and continuous drainage resulted in improvement of the hepatic cyst infection; however, the patient died due to respiratory complications. HBF should be suspected when positive pressure ventilation results in increased air at the hepatic infection site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatsuo Isogai
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kariya Toyota General Hospital, Kariya city, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masashi Inoue
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kariya Toyota General Hospital, Kariya city, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masanao Miura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kariya Toyota General Hospital, Kariya city, Aichi, Japan
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33
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Tsema I, Slobodianyk V, Rahushyn D, Myrhorodskiy D, Yurkiv O, Dinets A. Non-Operative Management of Bronchobiliary Fistula Due to Proximal Migration of Biliary Stent in a Patient With Unresectable Klatskin Tumor. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CASE REPORTS 2021; 14:11795476211043067. [PMID: 34483694 PMCID: PMC8411612 DOI: 10.1177/11795476211043067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: One of the methods for the biliary tree decompression in the case of Klatskin
tumor is transpapillary stenting, which could be completed by stent
migration in 4% to 10% of cases. Approximately half of the stent migrations
are in the proximal direction. In this study, we reported a rare case of
proximal trans-diaphragmatic stent migration to the lower lobe of the right
lung with the formation of a biliary-bronchial fistula (BBF). Case presentation: A 60-year-old woman was diagnosed with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (type 3B by
Bismuth-Corlette) complicated by posthepatic jaundice. To relieve jaundice
there were performed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,
endoscopic sphincterotomy, endobiliary stent placement (10 Fr, 150 mm). A
restenting (11.5 Fr, 130 mm) was performed in 2.5 months due to endobiliary
tube occlusion. In the next 2 months, coughing attacks and biliptysis have
appeared in the patient. A CT scan showed penetration of the liver,
diaphragm, and lower lobe of the right lung with the proximal part of the
stent and caused BBF formation. Anti-inflammatory and antibacterial therapy
was administrated for 14 days and BBF was closed. Stent retrieval from the
right hemithorax and endobiliary restenting was performed in 9 months after
primary stenting. During follow-up, appropriate positioning and functioning
of the stent were observed. Conclusion: BBF formation is a rare complication of endobiliary stenting, which can be
successfully treated by anti-inflammatory and antibiotic therapy, followed
by transpapillary stent retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ievgen Tsema
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, National Military Medical Clinical Center of Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.,Department of Surgery, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Viktor Slobodianyk
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, National Military Medical Clinical Center of Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Rahushyn
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, National Military Medical Clinical Center of Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Denys Myrhorodskiy
- Department of Surgery, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Yurkiv
- Department of Surgery, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Andrii Dinets
- Department of Surgery, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
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34
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Guruvaiah N, Ponnatapura J. Bronchobiliary fistula: a rare postoperative complication of spilled gallstones from laparoscopic cholecystectomy. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/7/e243198. [PMID: 34315741 PMCID: PMC8317083 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-243198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is defined as the abnormal connection between the biliary system and the bronchial tree, which presents clinically as an irritant cough with bilioptysis. Many conditions can lead to its development. We present a case of an acquired BBF in a 61-year-old man with a significant history of spilled gallstones from a prior laparoscopic cholecystectomy and subsequent presentation of intermittent right upper quadrant pain and recurrent pneumonia. Imaging studies revealed a liver and subdiaphragmatic abscess with right middle lobe pneumonia and a BBF traversing the right hemidiaphragm. The patient was surgically managed by takedown of fistula with drainage of the abscess and removal of spilled gallstone, followed by a resection of the right middle lobe. While previous studies indicate spilled gallstones are benign, this case demonstrates its potential for serious complications. Therefore, early diagnosis and proper management is essential as BBF has a high morbidity and mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janardhana Ponnatapura
- Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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35
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Cheng AC, Chen HW, Chen PJ, Huang TY, Lin JC. Bronchobiliary Fistula. Intern Emerg Med 2021; 16:1093-1094. [PMID: 33389569 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-020-02572-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- An-Che Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Wei Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Sec 2, Cheng-gong Rd. Neihu District, Taipei City, 114, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Jen Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Sec 2, Cheng-gong Rd. Neihu District, Taipei City, 114, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Yu Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Sec 2, Cheng-gong Rd. Neihu District, Taipei City, 114, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chun Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Sec 2, Cheng-gong Rd. Neihu District, Taipei City, 114, Taiwan.
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36
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Biliothoracic Fistula after Microwave Ablation of Liver Metastasis : Literature Review. Emerg Med Int 2021; 2021:9913076. [PMID: 34123430 PMCID: PMC8170678 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9913076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microwave ablation is a safe and effective interventional approach, widely used in the treatment of unresectable primary or metastatic hepatic lesions. Thoracobiliary fistula is a rare postablation complication that can be treated with a conservative or surgical approach. We reviewed aetiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnostic possibilities, and therapeutic options for biliothoracic fistula developed after microwave ablation of liver metastasis. Furthermore, we reported our experience of successful conservative management of a nonhealing thoracobiliary fistula occurred after percutaneous thermal ablation of colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Our case supports a conservative approach based on percutaneous biliary system decompression and synthetic glue embolization for the treatment of combined biliopleural and biliobronchial fistula.
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37
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Percutaneous Treatment of Bronchobiliary Fistula: Report of a Successful Transhepatic Embolization and a Decision-Making Strategy Driven by Systematic Literature Review. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2021; 44:1005-1016. [PMID: 33928407 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-021-02837-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula is a rare condition characterized by bile leaking into the bronchial tree causing biliptysis. It may arise from liver infection or as a consequence of resection and thermal ablation of cancer. Currently, there is no consensus about the treatment strategy. Surgery is considered the main therapy by most authors. However, this systematic literature review shows that the success rate of percutaneous treatments may reach 75%. Adding to such evidence, we also report the case of a woman affected by iatrogenic bronchobiliary fistula secondary to liver thermal ablation, successfully treated with percutaneous drainage plus embolization. Summarizing these results, we encourage the percutaneous management of bronchobiliary fistula by providing a 3-step decision-making algorithm, aimed at reducing the need for major surgery.
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38
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Thuong Vu L, Minh Duc N, Tra My T, Tan Lien Bang M, Tuan Linh L, Quynh Huong T. Congenital bronchobiliary fistula: a case report and literature review. Respirol Case Rep 2021; 9:e00731. [PMID: 33680473 PMCID: PMC7917270 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital bronchobiliary fistula (CBBF) is a very rare malformation associated with clinical symptoms of dyspnoea, vomiting, cyanosis, persistent pneumonia, and poor response to antibiotics. Typical imaging techniques used to diagnose this malformation include bronchography, computed tomography (CT), cholangiography, hepatobiliary nuclear imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We diagnosed a case of CBBF that was initially diagnosed as non-resolving pneumonia. CT and fistulography were used to obtain the correct diagnosis. The fistula was confirmed by fistulography under the guidance of bronchoscopy. Surgical excision of the fistulous tract was performed, with complete recovery. The aim of this report was to emphasize the epidemiology and clinical features of CBBF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thuong Vu
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Duc
- Department of RadiologyChildren's Hospital 2Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
- Department of RadiologyPham Ngoc Thach University of MedicineHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
- Department of RadiologyHa Noi Medical UniversityHa NoiVietnam
| | | | | | - Le Tuan Linh
- Department of RadiologyHa Noi Medical UniversityHa NoiVietnam
| | - Tran Quynh Huong
- Department of RespirologyChildren's Hospital 2Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
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39
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Large Diaphragm Defect Reconstruction Using Reverse Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2020; 8:e3199. [PMID: 33299685 PMCID: PMC7722541 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000003199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Surgical treatment of bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is difficult. A 47-year-old woman presented with a cough with yellow yielding sputum due to BBF. The patient had the adhesion of the liver, diaphragm, and lung. We performed liver, diaphragm, and lung resections. Patient had a large defect of diaphragm. Diaphragm reconstruction was performed using a pedicled reverse latissimus dorsi muscle flap. No flap necrosis was observed. Seven months after surgery, the patient did not present yellow yielding sputum and the BBF was not observed in the computed tomography. This surgical procedure was useful for treating the diaphragm defect both safely and easily. We believe that the reverse pedicled latissimus dorsi muscle flap is a reliable alternative for large diaphragm reconstruction after severe BBF.
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40
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Suh JH, Park CB. Bronchopleurobiliary fistula following right lower lobectomy in a patient with prior hepatic abscess: a case report. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1464. [PMID: 33313209 PMCID: PMC7723620 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-2776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In a 68-year-old male patient with cholangitis microabscess in the liver, cavitary lung cancer of the right lower lobe was incidentally diagnosed. The patient’s medical history comprised totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) and cholecystectomy 9 years ago. Before TLDG, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed because of a common bile duct stone and cholangitis. Three months ago, he was readmitted with cholangitic microabscess, and a cavitary lesion of right lower lobe was detected incidentally. Hepatobiliary microabscess was improved with ERCP and antibiotic treatment. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) right lower lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection were undergone uneventfully. Pneumonic infiltration in the right lower lung field and hydropneumothorax on the right side were developed on postoperative day 10. Chest computed tomography showed pneumobilia and micro-bronchopleural fistula (BPF) was suspected with bronchoscopic examination. Despite antibiotics usage and thoracic suction, air leakage could not be improved. VATS Talc pleurodesis was performed on postoperative day 38. Contralateral pneumonia developed 1 week following talc pleurodesis. Furthermore, bilirubin was detected in the repeated bronchial washing and pleural fluid and they showed the same color and nature. Though ERCP and endoscopic nasobiliary drainage, the patient’s condition deteriorated and the patient passed away on postoperative day 60. Bronchopleurobiliary fistula is an extremely rare complication after thoracic surgery for which surgical treatment is challenging, early recognition of a developing fistula and the aggressive treatment at an early stage can reduce the associated morbidity and mortality from the sequelae of this rare disease entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hui Suh
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Beom Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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41
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Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a rare condition that results from the communication between the bile ducts and the bronchial tree. It is characterized by the presence of bile in the sputum as pathognomonic symptom, and it is often associated with suspicious pneumonia. The most common causes include infections (e.g. echinococcosis), hepatobiliary surgery, blunt torso traumas, tumors and percutaneous transhepatic procedures. Opinions about BBF treatment are still controversial as it can be treated by both conservative and surgical procedures, while pharmacological treatments are only rarely used. This case report presents a patient who had been diagnosed with chronic BBF of unknown cause, underwent several ineffective conservative procedures and was at last surgically treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Acquasanta
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Spadarella
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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42
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Takakusagi S, Hoshino T, Takagi H, Naganuma A, Yokoyama Y, Kizawa K, Marubashi K, Kosone T, Watanabe A, Kubo N, Araki K, Harimoto N, Shirabe K, Nobusawa S, Zennyoji D, Shimizu T, Sato K, Kakizaki S, Uraoka T. The development of broncho-biliary fistula after treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma: a report of two cases. Clin J Gastroenterol 2020; 14:229-237. [PMID: 33099725 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-020-01264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Broncho-biliary fistula (BBF) is a rare but severe disorder defined as abnormal communication between the biliary system and bronchial tree. Cases of BBF have occasionally been reported, but no standard treatment has been established. We report two cases of BBF that developed after the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and reviewed the relevant literature. Case 1, a man in his early eighties was diagnosed with BBF 4 months after undergoing surgical resection for HCC (diameter, 7 cm; location, segments 4 and 5). Percutaneous drainage and endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) improved BBF without recurrence for more than a year. Case 2, a woman in her late sixties was diagnosed with BBF after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for HCC. Although the BBF was treated with ENBD, bronchial occlusion, and percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization, these treatments were unsuccessful and the patient died. Although non-invasive treatments have been developed, refractory BBF still exists. The prediction of BBF and the development of more effective treatments are necessary to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takakusagi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan
| | - Takashi Hoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, 36 Takamatsu-cho, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0829, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takagi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Naganuma
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, 36 Takamatsu-cho, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0829, Japan
| | - Yozo Yokoyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan
| | - Kazuko Kizawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan
| | - Kyoko Marubashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan
| | - Takashi Kosone
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Norio Kubo
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Araki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Norifumi Harimoto
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Sumihito Nobusawa
- Department of Human Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Dan Zennyoji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takehiro Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Ken Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Satoru Kakizaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan. .,Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, 36 Takamatsu-cho, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0829, Japan.
| | - Toshio Uraoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
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Ozdemir S, Way A, Gopireddy D. Multimodality Imaging Approach in Evaluation of Post-Traumatic Bronchobiliary Fistulas. Cureus 2020; 12:e10168. [PMID: 32884880 PMCID: PMC7462659 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.10168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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44
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Kitagawa S, Okamura K. An Unusual Cause of Productive Cough With Yellow Sputum. Am J Med 2020; 133:e373. [PMID: 31926864 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kitagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sapporo Kosei General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Keiya Okamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sapporo Kosei General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
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45
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Chaing MH, Chen CW, Lu CH. Successful Treatment of Bronchobiliary Fistula After Living Donor Liver Transplantation: A Case Report. Transplant Proc 2020; 52:2778-2780. [PMID: 32434746 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.01.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A bronchobiliary fistula (BBF), which is defined by abnormal communication between the biliary system and the bronchial tree, is usually regarded as a consequence of local infection, such as hydatid or amebic disease of the liver, hepatic abscess, trauma, neoplasm, and other causes of biliary obstruction. We present a 40-year-old female patient who received a living donor liver transplantation for autoimmune hepatitis and who suffered from biliary stricture at the anastomosis, bile leakage in the right subphrenic region, and development of a BBF 1 year later. Magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) and fistulography showed a fistula between the subphrenic biloma and right lower bronchus. The patient was treated successfully by the subphrenic drainage tube and percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage (PTCD) crossing the biliary stricture. In conclusion, the BBF is an extremely rare complication after liver transplantation; and minimal-invasive procedures, such as percutaneous drainage and PTCD, are useful for the closure of BBF. This case report is approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, certifying that no prisoners were used in the case and that participants were neither paid nor coerced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hsuan Chaing
- Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chih-Wei Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.); Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chia-Hsin Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.); Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
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46
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He YF, Liang TY, Mo ST, Chen ZJ, Han CY, Ye XP, Peng T. Bile in bronchi: A case report. Respir Med Case Rep 2020; 30:101075. [PMID: 32489847 PMCID: PMC7260606 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The biliary bronchial fistula is rare and difficult to treat. Here we report a 49-year-old woman diagnosed with biliary bronchial fistula due to cough with yellow-green sputum. Case presentation this is a typical case of the biliary bronchial fistula with typical symptoms. The position of the abscess cavity below the diaphragm could not be catheter drainage. After anti-infection treatment, yellow-green sputum was reduced. Follow-up showed a good prognosis. Conclusion biliary bronchial fistula is rare in the clinic, combined with chest and abdomen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Fei He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Yi Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Tian Mo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Jun Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuang-Ye Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Ping Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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47
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Huang ZM, Zuo MX, Gu YK, Lai CX, Pan QX, Yi XC, Zhang TQ, Huang JH. Bronchobiliary fistula after ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma adjacent to the diaphragm: Case report and literature review. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:1233-1238. [PMID: 32147969 PMCID: PMC7180580 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bronchobiliary fistula is a rare, but life‐threatening complication after ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Few cases of bronchobiliary fistula have been reported and the treatment is controversial. Methods From 2006 to 2019, a total of 11 patients were diagnosed with bronchobiliary fistula after ablation and received nonsurgical treatment. Results All 11 patients presented with cough and bilioptysis. There were only two patients in which MRI revealed an obvious fistulous tract connecting the pleural effusion and biliary lesions. Pleural effusion, liver abscess and hepatic biloma were found in other patients. Three patients died of uncontrolled bronchobiliary fistula. Conclusions Bronchobiliary fistula is a rare post‐ablation complication but should be taken into consideration in clinical decisions. Minimally invasive interventional treatment is a relatively effective means of dealing with bronchobiliary fistula, but as for the more severe cases, greater clinical experience is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Mei Huang
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Xuan Zuo
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang-Kui Gu
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huangpu People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Qiu-Xiang Pan
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, TCM Hospital of Ruichang, Ruichang, China
| | - Tian-Qi Zhang
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Hua Huang
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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48
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Joh HK, Park SY. Surgical Treatment of Bronchobiliary Fistula with Pulmonary Resection and Omentopexy. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2020; 53:38-40. [PMID: 32090057 PMCID: PMC7006612 DOI: 10.5090/kjtcs.2020.53.1.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula is a rare disease defined as an abnormal connection between the biliary tract and the bronchial tree. We report the successful surgical repair of bronchobiliary fistula. A 78-year-old man underwent surgery and several rounds of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation as treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. He presented with greenish sputum and chronic cough for several months, and his symptoms did not resolve after endoscopic treatment. We performed lobectomy of the right lower lobe and omentopexy for bronchobiliary fistula under laparotomy and thoracotomy. The bronchobiliary fistula was successfully closed, and the bilious sputum disappeared after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyon Keun Joh
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Yong Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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49
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Kelly-Schuette K, Lucich E, Saunders R, Dietze-Fiedler M, Gibson C, Sackeyfio R, Lam G, Chung M. A Multidisciplinary Approach to a Bronchobiliary Fistula after Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Ovary. Am Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/000313482008600202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrine Kelly-Schuette
- General Surgery Residency College of Human Medicine Spectrum Health/Michigan State University Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Elizabeth Lucich
- Plastic Surgery Integrated Residency College of Human Medicine Spectrum Health/Michigan State University Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Rachel Saunders
- General Surgery Residency College of Human Medicine Spectrum Health/Michigan State University Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Megan Dietze-Fiedler
- Plastic Surgery Integrated Residency College of Human Medicine Spectrum Health/Michigan State University Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Charles Gibson
- General Surgery Residency College of Human Medicine Spectrum Health/Michigan State University Grand Rapids, Michigan Spectrum Health Medical Group Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Robyn Sackeyfio
- Plastic Surgery Integrated Residency College of Human Medicine Spectrum Health/Michigan State University Grand Rapids, Michigan Spectrum Health Medical Group Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Geoffrey Lam
- Spectrum Health Medical Group Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Mathew Chung
- General Surgery Residency College of Human Medicine Spectrum Health/Michigan State University Grand Rapids, Michigan Spectrum Health Medical Group Grand Rapids, Michigan
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50
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Nantais J, Skelhorne-Gross G, Jimenez C, Ahmed N, Gomez D. Bilioptysis due to a single transcavitary thoracoabdominal gunshot wound. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2020; 5:e000425. [PMID: 32072019 PMCID: PMC6996785 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2019-000425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Nantais
- Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Carolina Jimenez
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Najma Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Gomez
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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