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Torabi S, Zarrabi M, Shekari F, Poorkazem H, Lotfinia M, Bencina S, Gramignoli R, Hassan M, Najimi M, Vosough M. Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles induce liver fibrosis-resolving phenotype in alternatively activated macrophages. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18507. [PMID: 39288445 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from mesenchymal stromal cells in guiding macrophages toward anti-inflammatory immunophenotypes, has been reported in several studies. In our study, we provided experimental evidence of a distinctive effect played by Wharton Jelly mesenchymal stromal cell-derived EVs (WJ-EVs) on human macrophages. We particularly analyzed their anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages by evaluating their interactions with stellate cells, and their protective role in liver fibrosis. A three-step gradient method was used to isolate monocytes from umbilical cord blood (UCB). Two subpopulations of WJ-EVs were isolated by high-speed (20,000 g) and differential ultracentrifugation (110,000 g). Further to their characterization, they were designated as EV20K and EV110K and incubated at different concentrations with UCB-derived monocytes for 7 days. Their anti-fibrotic effect was assessed by studying the differentiation and functional levels of generated macrophages and their potential to modulate the survival and activity of LX2 stellate cells. The EV20K triggers the polarization of UCB-derived monocytes towards a peculiar M2-like functional phenotype more effectively than the M-CSF positive control. The EV20K treated macrophages were characterized by a higher expression of scavenger receptors, increased phagocytic capacity and production level of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β. Conditioned medium from those polarized macrophages attenuated the proliferation, contractility and activation of LX2 stellate cells. Our data show that EV20K derived from WJ-MSCs induces activated macrophages to suppress immune responses and potentially play a protective role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis by directly inhibiting HSC's activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukoofeh Torabi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Morteza Zarrabi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Shekari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedie Poorkazem
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Lotfinia
- Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Stefan Bencina
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roberto Gramignoli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- UOSD Cell Factory, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine and Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mustapha Najimi
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine and Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Liu X, Liu ZX, Morgan TR, Norden-Krichmar TM. Single-cell transcriptomics of peripheral blood mononuclear cells indicates impaired immune and inflammatory responses in alcohol-associated hepatitis. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110735. [PMID: 38040543 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2023.110735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is often diagnosed at advanced stages, and severe AH usually carries poor prognosis and high short-term mortality. In addition, it is challenging to understand the molecular mechanisms of immune dysregulation and inflammation in AH due to the cellular complexity and heterogeneity. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, previous studies found that AH causes dysfunctional innate immune response in monocytes, involving activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and cytokine signaling pathways. To better understand the coordinated systemic immune response in AH patients, we performed combined single-cell transcriptome, cell-surface protein, and lymphocyte antigen receptor analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples. Our results showed inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were highly expressed in AH, including IL-2, IL-32, CXC3R1 and CXCL16 in monocytes and NK cells, whereas HLA-DR genes were reduced in monocytes. In addition, we also found altered differentiation of T-helper cells (TH1 and TH17), which could further lead to neutrophil recruitment and macrophage activation. Lastly, our results also suggest impaired NK-cell activation and differentiation in AH with reduced gene expression of KLRC2 and increased gene expression of KLRG1. Our findings indicate different mechanisms may be involved in impaired immune and inflammatory responses for the cellular subtypes of the PBMCs in AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zhang-Xu Liu
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy R Morgan
- Medicine and Research Services, VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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Tang Z, Xia Z, Wang X, Liu Y. The critical role of osteopontin (OPN) in fibrotic diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 74:86-99. [PMID: 37648616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological condition characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components in tissues and organs, leading to progressive architectural remodelling and contributing to the development of various diseases. Osteopontin (OPN), a highly phosphorylated glycoprotein, has been increasingly recognized for its involvement in the progression of tissue fibrosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the genetic and protein structure of OPN and focuses on our current understanding of the role of OPN in the development of fibrosis in the lungs and other tissues. Additionally, special attention is given to the potential of OPN as a biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zijing Xia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangpeng Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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4
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In Vitro Human Haematopoietic Stem Cell Expansion and Differentiation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060896. [PMID: 36980237 PMCID: PMC10046976 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The haematopoietic system plays an essential role in our health and survival. It is comprised of a range of mature blood and immune cell types, including oxygen-carrying erythrocytes, platelet-producing megakaryocytes and infection-fighting myeloid and lymphoid cells. Self-renewing multipotent haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and a range of intermediate haematopoietic progenitor cell types differentiate into these mature cell types to continuously support haematopoietic system homeostasis throughout life. This process of haematopoiesis is tightly regulated in vivo and primarily takes place in the bone marrow. Over the years, a range of in vitro culture systems have been developed, either to expand haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells or to differentiate them into the various haematopoietic lineages, based on the use of recombinant cytokines, co-culture systems and/or small molecules. These approaches provide important tractable models to study human haematopoiesis in vitro. Additionally, haematopoietic cell culture systems are being developed and clinical tested as a source of cell products for transplantation and transfusion medicine. This review discusses the in vitro culture protocols for human HSC expansion and differentiation, and summarises the key factors involved in these biological processes.
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Yu W, Wang S, Wang Y, Chen H, Nie H, Liu L, Zou X, Gong Q, Zheng B. MicroRNA: role in macrophage polarization and the pathogenesis of the liver fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147710. [PMID: 37138859 PMCID: PMC10149999 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, as central components of innate immunity, feature significant heterogeneity. Numerus studies have revealed the pivotal roles of macrophages in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis induced by various factors. Hepatic macrophages function to trigger inflammation in response to injury. They induce liver fibrosis by activating hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and then inflammation and fibrosis are alleviated by the degradation of the extracellular matrix and release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding endogenous RNA molecules that regulate gene expression through translation repression or mRNA degradation, have distinct roles in modulating macrophage activation, polarization, tissue infiltration, and inflammation regression. Considering the complex etiology and pathogenesis of liver diseases, the role and mechanism of miRNAs and macrophages in liver fibrosis need to be further clarified. We first summarized the origin, phenotypes and functions of hepatic macrophages, then clarified the role of miRNAs in the polarization of macrophages. Finally, we comprehensively discussed the role of miRNAs and macrophages in the pathogenesis of liver fibrotic disease. Understanding the mechanism of hepatic macrophage heterogeneity in various types of liver fibrosis and the role of miRNAs on macrophage polarization provides a useful reference for further research on miRNA-mediated macrophage polarization in liver fibrosis, and also contributes to the development of new therapies targeting miRNA and macrophage subsets for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hao Nie
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Zou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoting Zou, ; Quan Gong, ; Bing Zheng,
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoting Zou, ; Quan Gong, ; Bing Zheng,
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoting Zou, ; Quan Gong, ; Bing Zheng,
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Liu P, Mao Y, Xie Y, Wei J, Yao J. Stem cells for treatment of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis: clinical progress and therapeutic potential. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:356. [PMID: 35883127 PMCID: PMC9327386 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03041-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cost-effective treatment strategies for liver fibrosis or cirrhosis are limited. Many clinical trials of stem cells for liver disease shown that stem cells might be a potential therapeutic approach. This review will summarize the published clinical trials of stem cells for the treatment of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and provide the latest overview of various cell sources, cell doses, and delivery methods. We also describe the limitations and strengths of various stem cells in clinical applications. Furthermore, to clarify how stem cells play a therapeutic role in liver fibrosis, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of stem cells for treatment of liver fibrosis, including liver regeneration, immunoregulation, resistance to injury, myofibroblast repression, and extracellular matrix degradation. We provide a perspective for the prospects of future clinical implementation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinyan Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongcui Mao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ye Xie
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiayun Wei
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jia Yao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
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Yuan S, Hu H, Wang X, Yang J, Zhou R, Bai X, Lai P. Bindarit Reduces Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice by Inhibiting CCL2 and CCL7 Expression via the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Orthop Surg 2022; 14:1203-1216. [PMID: 35470579 PMCID: PMC9163972 DOI: 10.1111/os.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes in proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, namely, C-C motif ligand (CCL) 2 and CCL7, in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) and to develop a new drug, bindarit (Bnd), for PMOP in an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model. METHODS Bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) from the femurs of five women with PMOP and five premenopausal women without osteoporosis were detected by RNA sequencing. BMMs from mice were differentiated into osteoclasts and treated with a synthetic inhibitor of CCL2 and CCL7, Bnd, or 17 beta estradiol (E2 ). Mouse BMMs were differentiated into osteoclasts with or without Bnd for 7 days and analyzed by RNA sequencing. Osteoblasts of mice were induced to undergo osteoblastogenesis and treated with Bnd. OVX mice were treated with E2 or Bnd after surgery. The protein and mRNA expression of CCL2 and CCL7 was detected using immunostaining and qPCR, respectively, in OVX and aged mice and in cells cultured in vitro. Osteoclast formation was detected using a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) assay in vitro and in vivo. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OCN) were detected using immunostaining to evaluate osteogenesis. Microcomputed tomography was conducted to analyze trabecular bone parameters, the structure model index, bone mineral density and other variables. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway-related protein phosphorylation of IKKα/β (p-IKKα/β) and p-NFκB p65 was examined using western blotting. RESULTS CCL2, CCL7 and their receptor of C-C chemokine receptor-2 (CCR2), and the NF-κB signaling pathway, were significantly increased in women with PMOP. CCL2 and CCL7 protein and mRNA expression was increased in OVX mice and aged female mice, but the increases were attenuated by E2 and Bnd. E2 and Bnd effectively inhibited osteoclastogenesis and the protein expression of CCL2 and CCL7 both in vitro and in vivo and reduced bone loss in OVX mice. Bnd did not affect the mineralization of osteoblasts directly in vitro but reduced bone turnover in vivo. p-IKKα/β and p-NFκB p65 levels were increased in BMMs of mice after differentiation into osteoclasts but were significantly decreased by Bnd. CONCLUSION The proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines CCL2, CCL7 and CCR2 were correlated with PMOP. Bnd attenuated the increases in CCL2 and CCL7 levels to affect osteoporosis in OVX mice via the NFκB signaling pathway. Thus, Bnd may be useful as a new therapeutic for the prevention of PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi‐guo Yuan
- Department of OrthopaedicHainan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHaikouHainanChina
- Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Hong‐ling Hu
- Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xin‐jia Wang
- Department of Spine SurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdongChina
| | - Jin‐cheng Yang
- Department of Spinal SurgerySouthern Medical University Nanfang HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Rong‐ping Zhou
- Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xiao‐chun Bai
- Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Ping‐lin Lai
- Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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Angre T, Kumar A, Singh AK, Thareja S, Kumar P. Role of collagen regulators in cancer treatment: A comprehensive review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2956-2984. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220501162351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Collagen is the most important structural protein and also a main component of extra-cellular matrix (ECM). It plays a role in tumor progression. Collagen can be regulated by altering it’s biosynthesis pathway through various signaling pathways, receptors and genes. Activity of cancer cells can also be regulated by other ECM components like metalloproteinases, hyaluronic acid, fibronectin and so on. Hypoxia is also one of the condition which leads to cancer progression by stimulating the expression of procollagen lysine as a collagen crosslinker, which increases the size of collagen fibres promoting cancer spread. The collagen content in cancerous cells leads to resistance in chemotherapy. So, to reduce this resistance, some of the collagen regulating therapies are introduced, which include inhibiting its biosynthesis, disturbing cancer cell signaling pathway, mediating ECM components and directly utilizing collagenase. This study is an effort to compile the strategies reported to control the collagen level and different collagen inhibitors reported so far. More research is needed in this area, growing understandings of collagen’s structural features and its role in cancer progression will aid in the advancement of newer chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuja Angre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Ankit Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
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Bruha R, Vitek L, Smid V. Osteopontin - A potential biomarker of advanced liver disease. Ann Hepatol 2021; 19:344-352. [PMID: 32005637 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cirrhosis is a primary cause of liver-related mortality and morbidity. The basic process driving chronic liver disease to cirrhosis is accelerated fibrogenesis. Although the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis is a multifactorial process, the essential step in the evolution of liver fibrosis is the activation of hepatic stellate cells, which are the main source of collagen produced in the extracellular matrix. This activation process is mediated by multiple growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. One of the hepatic stellate cell-activating signaling molecules (and also one associated with cell injury and fibrosis) is osteopontin (OPN). OPN concentration in the plasma has been found to be predictive of liver fibrosis in various liver diseases. OPN concentrations correlate significantly with the stage of fibrosis, liver insufficiency, portal hypertension, and the presence of hepatocellular cancer. However, due to its versatile signaling functions, OPN not only contributes to the development of liver cirrhosis, but is also implicated in the pathogenesis of other chronic hepatic diseases such as viral hepatitis, both alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, and hepatocellular cancer. Thus, the targeting of OPN pathways seems to be a promising approach in the treatment of chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radan Bruha
- Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, U Nemocnice 2, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Libor Vitek
- Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, U Nemocnice 2, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Smid
- Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, U Nemocnice 2, Prague, Czech Republic
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Song HY, Sik Kim W, Moo Han J, Yong Park W, Lim ST, Byun EB. HMOC, a chrysin derivative, induces tolerogenic properties in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated dendritic cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107523. [PMID: 33706053 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although we previously identified a new hydroxymethoxyl chrysin derivative (HMOC) using ionizing radiation, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of HMOC in dendritic cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the effects of HMOC on phenotypic and functional changes in activated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BMDCs, HMOC treatment inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-12p70, and IL-1β), surface molecules (CD80, CD86, MHC-I, and MHC-II), and antigen-presentation to MHC-I and II without a decrease in IL-10. Furthermore, HMOC increased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) activity via activation of JNK and p38 signaling in the presence of LPS. Interestingly, LPS-stimulated DCs treated with HMOC inhibited the proliferation and activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th1-, Th2- and Th17 cells. In addition, LPS-stimulated DCs treated with HMOC induced an increase in CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Collectively, our results suggest that HMOC confers tolerogenic properties in BMDCs, which are responsible for inducing Th cell differentiation to Tregs. Our findings provide a better understanding of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of HMOC in DCs and may contribute to development of a valuable therapeutic candidate for atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Yeon Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sik Kim
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Moo Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Yong Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Taik Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Baek Byun
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Niu S, Zhang Y. Applications and therapeutic mechanisms of action of mesenchymal stem cells in radiation-induced lung injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:212. [PMID: 33766127 PMCID: PMC7993004 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common complications associated with radiotherapy, characterized by early-stage radiation pneumonia and subsequent radiation pulmonary fibrosis. However, effective therapeutic strategies for RILI are currently lacking. Recently, an increasing number of studies reported that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can enhance the regeneration of damaged tissue, modulate the inflammatory response, reduce the levels of fibrotic cytokines and reactive oxygen species, and inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. Interestingly, MSCs can also exert immunosuppressive effects, which highlights a new potential therapeutic activity of MSCs for managing RILI. Here, we reviewed the potential applications and therapeutic mechanisms of action of MSCs in RILI, which will represent a good compendium of information for researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Niu
- Institute of Basic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China.,Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Yueying Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China. .,Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China.
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Zhang Z, Zhu H, Zheng Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Luo Z, Tang J, Lin L, Du Z, Dong C. The effects and mechanism of collagen peptide and elastin peptide on skin aging induced by D-galactose combined with ultraviolet radiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 210:111964. [PMID: 32717457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The content of collagen and elastin occupies a large proportion of skin evaluation, and collagen peptide (CP) and elastin peptide (EP) are widely used drugs, which have anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, CP and EP can also be used as therapeutic agents for skin repair. However, previous studies have never thoroughly verified the effects of oral administration of CP and EP on skin repair. AIM To study the effects and mechanism of oral administration of CP and EP on skin aging induced by combinatorial treatment with D-galactose and ultraviolet radiation. RESULTS In animal experiments, the combined oral administration of CP and EP increased the contents of collagen and elastin in animal skin, accompanying with significantly upregulated expression of hyaluronic acid and hydroxyproline, as well as significantly reduced expression of MMP-3 and IL-1α. In addition, the combined therapy also significantly increased the expression of seven collagen and elastin synthesis-related factors including IGF-1, LOX, SMAD2, JNK, SP1, TβRII and TGF-β. CONCLUSION Oral administration of CP and EP can repair skin aging induced by the combined treatment with D-galactose and ultraviolet radiation and the effects of CP and EP appeared synergistic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huawei Zhu
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yating Zheng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanyue Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Zhen Luo
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Lin
- Foshan Allen Conney Biological Technology Co. Ltd, Foshan, China
| | - Zhiyun Du
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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Wayne EC, Long C, Haney MJ, Batrakova EV, Leisner TM, Parise LV, Kabanov AV. Targeted Delivery of siRNA Lipoplexes to Cancer Cells Using Macrophage Transient Horizontal Gene Transfer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900582. [PMID: 31728272 PMCID: PMC6839649 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of nucleic acids into solid tumor environments remains a pressing challenge. This study examines the ability of macrophages to horizontally transfer small interfering RNA (siRNA) lipoplexes to cancer cells. Macrophages are a natural candidate for a drug carrier because of their ability to accumulate at high densities into many cancer types, including, breast, prostate, brain, and colon cancer. Here, it is demonstrated that macrophages can horizontally transfer siRNA to cancer cells during in vitro coculture. The amount of transfer can be dosed depending on the amount of siRNA loaded and total number of macrophages delivered. Macrophages loaded with calcium integrin binding protein-1 (CIB1)-siRNA result in decreased tumorsphere growth and decreased mRNA expression of CIB1 and KI67 in MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer cells. Adoptive transfer of macrophages transfected with CIB1-siRNA localizes to the orthotopic MDA-MB-468 tumor. Furthermore, it is reported that macrophage activation can modulate this transfer process as well as intracellular trafficking protein Rab27a. As macrophages are heavily involved in tumor progression, understanding how to use macrophages for drug delivery can substantially benefit the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C. Wayne
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular PharmacueticsEshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Christian Long
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular PharmacueticsEshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Matthew J. Haney
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular PharmacueticsEshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Elena V. Batrakova
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular PharmacueticsEshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Tina M. Leisner
- Biochemistry and BiophysicsUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Leslie V. Parise
- Biochemistry and BiophysicsUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Alexander V. Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular PharmacueticsEshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA
- Laboratory of Chemical Design of BionanomaterialsFaculty of ChemistryM.V. Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow119992Russia
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14
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Pinheiro D, Dias I, Ribeiro Silva K, Stumbo AC, Thole A, Cortez E, de Carvalho L, Weiskirchen R, Carvalho S. Mechanisms Underlying Cell Therapy in Liver Fibrosis: An Overview. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111339. [PMID: 31671842 PMCID: PMC6912561 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common feature in most pathogenetic processes in the liver, and usually results from a chronic insult that depletes the regenerative capacity of hepatocytes and activates multiple inflammatory pathways, recruiting resident and circulating immune cells, endothelial cells, non-parenchymal hepatic stellate cells, and fibroblasts, which become activated and lead to excessive extracellular matrix accumulation. The ongoing development of liver fibrosis results in a clinically silent and progressive loss of hepatocyte function, demanding the constant need for liver transplantation in clinical practice, and motivating the search for other treatments as the chances of obtaining compatible viable livers become scarcer. Although initially cell therapy has emerged as a plausible alternative to organ transplantation, many factors still challenge the establishment of this technique as a main or even additional therapeutic tool. Herein, the authors discuss the most recent advances and point out the corners and some controversies over several protocols and models that have shown promising results as potential candidates for cell therapy for liver fibrosis, presenting the respective mechanisms proposed for liver regeneration in each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Histology and Embryology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil.
| | - Isabelle Dias
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Histology and Embryology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil.
| | - Karina Ribeiro Silva
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Histology and Embryology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil.
| | - Ana Carolina Stumbo
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Histology and Embryology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Thole
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Histology and Embryology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil.
| | - Erika Cortez
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Histology and Embryology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil.
| | - Lais de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Histology and Embryology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil.
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Simone Carvalho
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Histology and Embryology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil.
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Weston CJ, Zimmermann HW, Adams DH. The Role of Myeloid-Derived Cells in the Progression of Liver Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:893. [PMID: 31068952 PMCID: PMC6491757 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of homeostasis and rapid response to tissue damage in the liver is orchestrated by crosstalk between resident and infiltrating inflammatory cells. A crucial role for myeloid cells during hepatic injury and repair has emerged where resident Kupffer cells, circulating monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils control local tissue inflammation and regenerative function to maintain tissue architecture. Studies in humans and rodents have revealed a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells that respond to the local environment by either promoting regeneration or driving the inflammatory processes that can lead to hepatitis, fibrogenesis, and the development of cirrhosis and malignancy. Such plasticity of myeloid cell responses presents unique challenges for therapeutic intervention strategies and a greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms is needed. Here we review the role of myeloid cells in the establishment and progression of liver disease and highlight key pathways that have become the focus for current and future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris John Weston
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - David H Adams
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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16
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de Souza VCA, Moura DMN, de Castro MCAB, Bozza PT, de Almeida Paiva L, Fernandes CJB, Leão RLC, Lucena JP, de Araujo RE, de Melo Silva AJ, Figueiredo RCBQ, de Oliveira SA. Adoptive Transfer of Bone Marrow-Derived Monocytes Ameliorates Schistosoma mansoni -Induced Liver Fibrosis in Mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6434. [PMID: 31015492 PMCID: PMC6478942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42703-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases are a major health problem worldwide leading to high mortality rates and causing a considerable economic burden in many countries. Cellular therapies as potential treatments for liver diseases have proven beneficial in most of the conditions. In recent years, studies involving therapy with bone marrow cells have been implemented to promote liver regeneration and to reduce hepatic fibrosis, however identifying the cell population present in the bone marrow that is responsible for hepatic improvement after therapy is still necessary. The aim of the present study was the evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of monocytes obtained from bone marrow in fibrosis resulting from S. mansoni infection in C57BL/6 mice. Monocytes were isolated by immunomagnetic separation and administered to the infected animals. The effects of treatment were evaluated through morphometric, biochemical, immunological and molecular analyzes. Monocyte therapy promoted reduction of liver fibrosis induced by S. mansoni infection, associated with a decrease in production of inflammatory and pro-fibrogenic mediators. In addition, monocyte infusion caused downregulation of factors associated with the M1 activation profile, as well as upregulation of M2reg markers. The findings altogether reinforce the hypothesis that the predominance of M2reg macrophages, producers of immunosuppressive cytokines, may favor the improvement of hepatic fibrosis in a preclinical model, through fibrous tissue remodeling, modulation of the inflammatory response and fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Patrícia Torres Bozza
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ligia de Almeida Paiva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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IL-13 Contributes to Drug Resistance of NK/T-Cell Lymphoma Cells by Regulating ABCC4. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2606834. [PMID: 30643796 PMCID: PMC6311311 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2606834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Extranodal natural killer/T (NK/T) cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL), represents a rare subtype of T-cell lymphomas with aggressive clinical behavior and is relatively resistant to chemotherapy. However, there is relatively poor understanding of molecular pathogenesis of multidrug resistance in ENKTL. Here, we aimed to explore the biological roles and potential mechanism of IL-13 and ABCC4 in multidrug resistance of NK/T-cell lymphoma. Methods ELISA analysis was used to determine the level of serum IL-13 and immunohistochemical analysis was applied to detect the ABCC4 expression level in patients with human NK/T-cell lymphoma. Western blot assay was employed to measure the expression of ABCC4 in cells. Lenti-sh-ABCC4 viruses were constructed to knock down ABCC4 in YTS cells. CCK-8 assay and flow cytometric analysis were performed to detect the effects of IL-13 and ABCC4 on cell proliferation and apoptosis. CCK-8 assay was conducted to detect the effect of IL-13 and ABCC4 on cell sensitivity to adriamycin (ADM) in YTS cells. Results Levels of serum IL-13 and ABCC4 expression were observed to be upregulated in patients with human NK/T-cell lymphoma. Moreover, ABCC4 protein expression was also increased in NK/T-cell lymphoma YTS cells compared to the normal NK cells. Interestingly, IL-13 promoted ABCC4 expression in YTS cells. IL-13 promoted proliferation and suppressed apoptosis of YTS cells and reversed the effects of ABCC4 knockdown on promotive proliferation and inhibitory apoptosis. In addition, IL-13 enhanced YTS cell chemotherapy resistance to ADM by promoting ABCC4 expression. Conclusion Our findings concluded that IL-13 inhibited chemotherapy sensitivity of NK/T-cell lymphoma cells by regulating ABCC4, disrupting which may effectively improve the therapy protocols against resistant NK/T-cell lymphoma.
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18
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Mack M. Inflammation and fibrosis. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:106-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Inhibitive Effect of Resveratrol on the Inflammation in Cultured Astrocytes and Microglia Induced by Aβ1–42. Neuroscience 2018; 379:390-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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