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Baker PR, Li AS, Griffin BR, Gil HW, Orlicky DJ, Fox BM, Park B, Sparagna GC, Goff J, Altmann C, Elajaili H, Okamura K, He Z, Stephenson D, D'Alessandro A, Reisz JA, Nozik ES, Sucharov CC, Faubel S. Disruption in glutathione metabolism and altered energy production in the liver and kidney after ischemic acute kidney injury in mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13862. [PMID: 38879688 PMCID: PMC11180093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a systemic disease that affects energy metabolism in various remote organs in murine models of ischemic AKI. However, AKI-mediated effects in the liver have not been comprehensively assessed. After inducing ischemic AKI in 8-10-week-old, male C57BL/6 mice, mass spectrometry metabolomics revealed that the liver had the most distinct phenotype 24 h after AKI versus 4 h and 7 days. Follow up studies with in vivo [13C6]-glucose tracing on liver and kidney 24 h after AKI revealed 4 major findings: (1) increased flux through glycolysis and the tricarboxylic (TCA) cycle in both kidney and liver; (2) depleted hepatic glutathione levels and its intermediates despite unchanged level of reactive oxygen species, suggesting glutathione consumption exceeds production due to systemic oxidative stress after AKI; (3) hepatic ATP depletion despite unchanged rate of mitochondrial respiration, suggesting increased ATP consumption relative to production; (4) increased hepatic and renal urea cycle intermediates suggesting hypercatabolism and upregulation of the urea cycle independent of impaired renal clearance of nitrogenous waste. Taken together, this is the first study to describe the hepatic metabolome after ischemic AKI in a murine model and demonstrates that there is significant liver-kidney crosstalk after AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Baker
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box 300, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Amy S Li
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop C281, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Benjamin R Griffin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Hyo-Wook Gil
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop C281, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - David J Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Benjamin M Fox
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop C281, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Bryan Park
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Genevieve C Sparagna
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jared Goff
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Christopher Altmann
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop C281, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Hanan Elajaili
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 19th Ave, Aurora, CO, B13180045, USA
| | - Kayo Okamura
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop C281, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Zhibin He
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop C281, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Daniel Stephenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Eva S Nozik
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 19th Ave, Aurora, CO, B13180045, USA
| | - Carmen C Sucharov
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Sarah Faubel
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop C281, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Rangarajan S, Locy ML, Chanda D, Kurundkar A, Kurundkar D, Larson‐Casey JL, Londono P, Bagchi RA, Deskin B, Elajaili H, Nozik ES, Deshane JS, Zmijewski JW, Eickelberg O, Thannickal VJ. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 reprograms metabolism to induce oxidative stress and myofibroblast senescence in age-associated lung fibrosis. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13674. [PMID: 35934931 PMCID: PMC9470902 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with age-related diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We provide evidence that implicates chronic elevation of the mitochondrial anion carrier protein, uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2), in increased generation of reactive oxygen species, altered redox state and cellular bioenergetics, impaired fatty acid oxidation, and induction of myofibroblast senescence. This pro-oxidant senescence reprogramming occurs in concert with conventional actions of UCP2 as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation with dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential. UCP2 is highly expressed in human IPF lung myofibroblasts and in aged fibroblasts. In an aging murine model of lung fibrosis, the in vivo silencing of UCP2 induces fibrosis regression. These studies indicate a pro-fibrotic function of UCP2 in chronic lung disease and support its therapeutic targeting in age-related diseases associated with impaired tissue regeneration and organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunad Rangarajan
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Morgan L. Locy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Diptiman Chanda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Ashish Kurundkar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Deepali Kurundkar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Jennifer L. Larson‐Casey
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Pilar Londono
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Rushita A. Bagchi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Brian Deskin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Hanan Elajaili
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Eva S. Nozik
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Jessy S. Deshane
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Jaroslaw W. Zmijewski
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Victor J. Thannickal
- John W. Deming Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
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Reactive oxygen species, the trident of Neptune in the hands of hecate; role in different diseases, signaling pathways, and detection methods. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 728:109357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Elajaili H, Hernandez-Lagunas L, Harris P, Sparagna GC, Jonscher R, Ohlstrom D, Sucharov CC, Bowler RP, Suliman H, Fritz KS, Roede JR, Nozik ES. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) R213G variant reduces mitochondrial ROS and preserves mitochondrial function in bleomycin-induced lung injury: EC-SOD R213G variant and intracellular redox regulation. ADVANCES IN REDOX RESEARCH 2022; 5:100035. [PMID: 38273965 PMCID: PMC10810244 DOI: 10.1016/j.arres.2022.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is highly expressed in the lung and vasculature. A common human single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the matrix binding region of EC-SOD leads to a single amino acid substitution, R213G, and alters EC-SOD tissue binding affinity. The change in tissue binding affinity redistributes EC-SOD from tissue to extracellular fluids. Mice (R213G mice) expressing a knock-in of this EC-SOD SNP exhibit elevated plasma and reduced lung EC-SOD content and activity and are protected against bleomycin-induced lung injury and inflammation. It is unknown how the redistribution of EC-SOD alters site-specific redox-regulated molecules relevant for protection. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the change in the local EC-SOD content would influence not only the extracellular redox microenvironment where EC-SOD is localized but also protect the intracellular redox status of the lung. Mice were treated with bleomycin and harvested 7 days post-treatment. Superoxide levels, measured by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), were lower in plasma and Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells in R213G mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice, while lung cellular superoxide levels in R213G mice were not elevated post-bleomycin compared to WT mice despite low lung EC-SOD levels. Lung glutathione redox potential (EhGSSG), determined by HPLC and fluorescence, was more oxidized in WT compared to R213G mice. In R213G mice, lung mitochondrial oxidative stress was reduced shown by mitochondrial superoxide level measured by EPR in lung and the resistance to bleomycin-induced cardiolipin oxidation. Bleomycin treatment suppressed mitochondrial respiration in WT mice. Mitochondrial function was impaired at baseline in R213G mice but did not exhibit further suppression in respiration post-bleomycin. Collectively, the results indicate that R213G variant preserves intracellular redox state and protects mitochondrial function in the setting of bleomycin-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Elajaili
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Laura Hernandez-Lagunas
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Peter Harris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Genevieve C. Sparagna
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Raleigh Jonscher
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Denis Ohlstrom
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Carmen C. Sucharov
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | - Hagir Suliman
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kristofer S. Fritz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - James R. Roede
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Eva S. Nozik
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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Malacrida S, De Lazzari F, Mrakic-Sposta S, Vezzoli A, Zordan MA, Bisaglia M, Menti GM, Meda N, Frighetto G, Bosco G, Dal Cappello T, Strapazzon G, Reggiani C, Gussoni M, Megighian A. Lifespan and ROS levels in different Drosophila melanogaster strains after 24 h hypoxia exposure. Biol Open 2022; 11:275522. [PMID: 35616023 PMCID: PMC9253781 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During recent decades, model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster have made it possible to study the effects of different environmental oxygen conditions on lifespan and oxidative stress. However, many studies have often yielded controversial results usually assigned to variations in Drosophila genetic background and differences in study design. In this study, we compared longevity and ROS levels in young, unmated males of three laboratory wild-type lines (Canton-S, Oregon-R and Berlin-K) and one mutant line (Sod1n1) as a positive control of redox imbalance, under both normoxic and hypoxic (2% oxygen for 24 h) conditions. Lifespan was used to detect the effects of hypoxic treatment and differences were analysed by means of Kaplan–Meier survival curves and log-rank tests. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to measure ROS levels and analysis of variance was used to estimate the effects of hypoxic treatment and to assess ROS differences between strains. We observed that the genetic background is a relevant factor involved in D. melanogaster longevity and ROS levels. Indeed, as expected, in normoxia Sod1n1 are the shortest-lived, while the wild-type strains, despite a longer lifespan, show some differences, with the Canton-S line displaying the lowest mortality rate. After hypoxic stress these variances are amplified, with Berlin-K flies showing the highest mortality rate and most evident reduction of lifespan. Moreover, our analysis highlighted differential effects of hypoxia on redox balance/unbalance. Canton-S flies had the lowest increase of ROS level compared to all the other strains, confirming it to be the less sensitive to hypoxic stress. Sod1n1 flies displayed the highest ROS levels in normoxia and after hypoxia. These results should be used to further standardize future Drosophila research models designed to investigate genes and pathways that may be involved in lifespan and/or ROS, as well as comparative studies on specific mutant strains. Summary: In our study Drosophila melanogaster was used to evaluate the effects of different environmental oxygen conditions on survival and ROS levels in three wild-type and one mutant strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Malacrida
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Via Ipazia 2, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Federica De Lazzari
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.,Physiology, Genetics and Behaviour Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Simona Mrakic-Sposta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vezzoli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro A Zordan
- Physiology, Genetics and Behaviour Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Bisaglia
- Physiology, Genetics and Behaviour Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Maria Menti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Meda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Frighetto
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, 610 Charles Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7239, USA
| | - Gerardo Bosco
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Tomas Dal Cappello
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Via Ipazia 2, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Strapazzon
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Via Ipazia 2, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Carlo Reggiani
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Maristella Gussoni
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies "G. Natta"-SCITEC, National Research Council, CNR-SCITEC, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Aram Megighian
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, via Orus 2/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Madhavan K, Balakrishnan I, Lakshmanachetty S, Pierce A, Sanford B, Fosmire S, Elajaili HB, Walker F, Wang D, Nozik ES, Mitra SS, Dahl NA, Vibhakar R, Venkataraman S. Venetoclax cooperates with ionizing radiation to attenuate Diffuse Midline Glioma tumor growth. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:2409-2424. [PMID: 35344040 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-4002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor relapse after radiation therapy (RT) is a major hurdle in treating pediatric H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs). RT-induced stress increases association of BCL2 family of proteins with BH3 pro-apoptotic activators preventing apoptosis. We hypothesized that inhibition of RT-induced BCL2 with a clinically relevant inhibitor, venetoclax, will block BCL2 activity leading to increased apoptosis. BCL2 has never been implicated in DMG as a RT-induced resistant mechanism. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed an integrated genomic analysis to determine genes responsible for radioresistance and a targeted drug screen to identify drugs that synergize with radiation in DMG. Effect of venetoclax on radiation-na�ve and 6Gy radiation on cells was evaluated by studying cell death, changes in BCL2 phosphorylation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis, as well as BCL2 association with BH3 apoptosis initiators. The efficacy of combining venetoclax with radiation was evaluated in vivo using orthotopic xenograft models. RESULTS BCL2 was identified as a key regulator of tumor growth after radiation in DMGs. Radiation sensitizes DMGs to venetoclax treatment independent of p53 status. Venetoclax as a monotherapy was not cytotoxic to DMG cells. Post-radiation venetoclax treatment significantly increased cell death, reduced BCL2-BIM association and augmented mitochondrial ROS leading to increased apoptosis. Combining venetoclax with RT significantly enhanced the survival of mice with DMG tumors. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that venetoclax impedes the anti-apoptotic function of radiation-induced BCL2 in DMG leading to increased apoptosis. Results from these pre-clinical studies demonstrate the potential use of the BCL2 inhibitor, venetoclax, combined with RT for pediatric DMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Madhavan
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | | | | | - Angela Pierce
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Bridget Sanford
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, United States
| | - Susan Fosmire
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Hanan B Elajaili
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Faye Walker
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Dong Wang
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Eva S Nozik
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Siddhartha S Mitra
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Nathan A Dahl
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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Proniewski B, Bar A, Kieronska-Rudek A, Suraj-Prażmowska J, Buczek E, Czamara K, Majka Z, Czyzynska-Cichon I, Kwiatkowski G, Matyjaszczyk-Gwarda K, Chlopicki S. Systemic Administration of Insulin Receptor Antagonist Results in Endothelial and Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Mice. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061448. [PMID: 34207844 PMCID: PMC8230211 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia linked to diabetes results in endothelial dysfunction. In the present work, we comprehensively characterized effects of short-term hyperglycemia induced by administration of an insulin receptor antagonist, the S961 peptide, on endothelium and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in mice. Endothelial function of the thoracic and abdominal aorta in 12-week-old male C57Bl/6Jrj mice treated for two weeks with S961 infusion via osmotic pumps was assessed in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging and ex vivo by detection of nitric oxide (NO) production using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Additional methods were used to analyze PVAT, aortic segments and endothelial-specific plasma biomarkers. Systemic disruption of insulin signaling resulted in severe impairment of NO-dependent endothelial function and a loss of vasoprotective function of PVAT affecting the thoracic as well as abdominal parts of the aorta, however a fall in adiponectin expression and decreased uncoupling protein 1-positive area were more pronounced in the thoracic aorta. Results suggest that dysfunctional PVAT contributes to vascular pathology induced by altered insulin signaling in diabetes, in the absence of fat overload and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Proniewski
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.); (A.K.-R.); (J.S.-P.); (E.B.); (K.C.); (Z.M.); (I.C.-C.); (G.K.); (K.M.-G.)
| | - Anna Bar
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.); (A.K.-R.); (J.S.-P.); (E.B.); (K.C.); (Z.M.); (I.C.-C.); (G.K.); (K.M.-G.)
| | - Anna Kieronska-Rudek
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.); (A.K.-R.); (J.S.-P.); (E.B.); (K.C.); (Z.M.); (I.C.-C.); (G.K.); (K.M.-G.)
- Faculty of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Suraj-Prażmowska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.); (A.K.-R.); (J.S.-P.); (E.B.); (K.C.); (Z.M.); (I.C.-C.); (G.K.); (K.M.-G.)
| | - Elżbieta Buczek
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.); (A.K.-R.); (J.S.-P.); (E.B.); (K.C.); (Z.M.); (I.C.-C.); (G.K.); (K.M.-G.)
| | - Krzysztof Czamara
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.); (A.K.-R.); (J.S.-P.); (E.B.); (K.C.); (Z.M.); (I.C.-C.); (G.K.); (K.M.-G.)
| | - Zuzanna Majka
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.); (A.K.-R.); (J.S.-P.); (E.B.); (K.C.); (Z.M.); (I.C.-C.); (G.K.); (K.M.-G.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Izabela Czyzynska-Cichon
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.); (A.K.-R.); (J.S.-P.); (E.B.); (K.C.); (Z.M.); (I.C.-C.); (G.K.); (K.M.-G.)
| | - Grzegorz Kwiatkowski
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.); (A.K.-R.); (J.S.-P.); (E.B.); (K.C.); (Z.M.); (I.C.-C.); (G.K.); (K.M.-G.)
| | - Karolina Matyjaszczyk-Gwarda
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.); (A.K.-R.); (J.S.-P.); (E.B.); (K.C.); (Z.M.); (I.C.-C.); (G.K.); (K.M.-G.)
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.); (A.K.-R.); (J.S.-P.); (E.B.); (K.C.); (Z.M.); (I.C.-C.); (G.K.); (K.M.-G.)
- Faculty of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Reply to Mrakic-Sposta et al. Comment on "Menzel et al. Common and Novel Markers for Measuring Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Ex Vivo in Research and Clinical Practice-Which to Use Regarding Disease Outcomes? Antioxidants 2021, 10, 414". Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060865. [PMID: 34071260 PMCID: PMC8230223 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Vohwinkel CU, Coit EJ, Burns N, Elajaili H, Hernandez‐Saavedra D, Yuan X, Eckle T, Nozik E, Tuder RM, Eltzschig HK. Targeting alveolar-specific succinate dehydrogenase A attenuates pulmonary inflammation during acute lung injury. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21468. [PMID: 33687752 PMCID: PMC8250206 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002778r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory lung disease, which manifests itself in patients as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Previous studies have implicated alveolar-epithelial succinate in ALI protection. Therefore, we hypothesized that targeting alveolar succinate dehydrogenase SDH A would result in elevated succinate levels and concomitant lung protection. Wild-type (WT) mice or transgenic mice with targeted alveolar-epithelial Sdha or hypoxia-inducible transcription factor Hif1a deletion were exposed to ALI induced by mechanical ventilation. Succinate metabolism was assessed in alveolar-epithelial via mass spectrometry as well as redox measurements and evaluation of lung injury. In WT mice, ALI induced by mechanical ventilation decreased SDHA activity and increased succinate in alveolar-epithelial. In vitro, cell-permeable succinate decreased epithelial inflammation during stretch injury. Mice with inducible alveolar-epithelial Sdha deletion (Sdhaloxp/loxp SPC-CreER mice) revealed reduced lung inflammation, improved alveolar barrier function, and attenuated histologic injury. Consistent with a functional role of succinate to stabilize HIF, Sdhaloxp/loxp SPC-CreER experienced enhanced Hif1a levels during hypoxia or ALI. Conversely, Hif1aloxp/loxp SPC-CreER showed increased inflammation with ALI induced by mechanical ventilation. Finally, wild-type mice treated with intra-tracheal dimethlysuccinate were protected during ALI. These data suggest that targeting alveolar-epithelial SDHA dampens ALI via succinate-mediated stabilization of HIF1A. Translational extensions of our studies implicate succinate treatment in attenuating alveolar inflammation in patients suffering from ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine U. Vohwinkel
- Developmental Lung BiologyCardiovascular Pulmonary Research LaboratoriesDivision of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care MedicineDivision of Pediatric Critical CareDepartments of Medicine and PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA
| | - Ethan J. Coit
- Developmental Lung BiologyCardiovascular Pulmonary Research LaboratoriesDivision of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care MedicineDivision of Pediatric Critical CareDepartments of Medicine and PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA
| | - Nana Burns
- Developmental Lung BiologyCardiovascular Pulmonary Research LaboratoriesDivision of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care MedicineDivision of Pediatric Critical CareDepartments of Medicine and PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA
| | - Hanan Elajaili
- Developmental Lung BiologyCardiovascular Pulmonary Research LaboratoriesDivision of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care MedicineDivision of Pediatric Critical CareDepartments of Medicine and PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA
| | | | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of AnesthesiologyMcGovern Medical SchoolThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Colorado ‐ Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA
| | - Eva Nozik
- Developmental Lung BiologyCardiovascular Pulmonary Research LaboratoriesDivision of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care MedicineDivision of Pediatric Critical CareDepartments of Medicine and PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA
| | - Rubin M. Tuder
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA
| | - Holger K. Eltzschig
- Department of AnesthesiologyMcGovern Medical SchoolThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA
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CPT1A Over-Expression Increases Reactive Oxygen Species in the Mitochondria and Promotes Antioxidant Defenses in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113431. [PMID: 33218188 PMCID: PMC7709014 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men and the second highest contributor to cancer deaths. Targeting lipid catabolism enzymes in PCa may offer new avenues for therapeutic approaches. During the last decade, carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (CPT1A) has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for a growing list of cancers. In this study, we have tested the hypothesis that excess CPT1A plays a key role in supporting adaptation to stress and antioxidant defense production in PCa cells. Specifically, we have studied molecular differences between CPT1A gain and loss of function models, revealing genetic and metabolic vulnerabilities that could be targeted to avoid progression to neuroendocrine differentiation, a lethal form of the disease. Examining public datasets, we have also found that excess CPT1A expression leads to worse progression-free survival in PCa patients. Abstract Cancers reprogram their metabolism to adapt to environmental changes. In this study, we examined the consequences of altered expression of the mitochondrial enzyme carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (CPT1A) in prostate cancer (PCa) cell models. Using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, we compared LNCaP-C4-2 cell lines with depleted (knockdown (KD)) or increased (overexpression (OE)) CPT1A expression. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also measured. Transcriptomic analysis identified ER stress, serine biosynthesis and lipid catabolism as significantly upregulated pathways in the OE versus KD cells. On the other hand, androgen response was significantly downregulated in OE cells. These changes associated with increased acyl-carnitines, serine synthesis and glutathione precursors in OE cells. Unexpectedly, OE cells showed increased mitochondrial ROS but when challenged with fatty acids and no androgens, the Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) enzyme increased in the OE cells, suggesting better antioxidant defenses with excess CPT1A expression. Public databases also showed decreased androgen response correlation with increased serine-related metabolism in advanced PCa. Lastly, worse progression free survival was observed with increased lipid catabolism and decreased androgen response. Excess CPT1A is associated with a ROS-mediated stress phenotype that can support PCa disease progression. This study provides a rationale for targeting lipid catabolic pathways for therapy in hormonal cancers.
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Decoding Aging: Understanding the Complex Relationship among Aging, Free Radicals, and GSH. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3970860. [PMID: 33110472 PMCID: PMC7578726 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3970860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
N-aryl maleimides can undergo a 1,4-Michael-type addition reaction with reduced glutathione (GSH), leading to a decreased concentration of GSH and an increased concentration of free radicals (FRs) in cells. GSH is a critical scavenging molecule responsible for protecting cells from oxidation and for maintaining redox homeostasis. N-aryl maleimides disturb redox homeostasis in cells because they scavenge thiol-containing molecules, especially GSH. This study aimed at measuring the concentrations of GSH and FRs by electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR), in the brain and liver tissue of male Wistar rats (ex vivo) at different ages and after treatment with 3,5-dimaleimylbenzoic acid (3,5-DMB). Our results showed a relationship between age and the concentrations of GSH and FRs in cells. In young rats, the concentration of GSH was higher than in old rats, while the concentration of FRs was higher in adult rats than in young rats, suggesting an inverse relationship between GSH and FRs. On the other hand, the reaction of 3,5-DMB (an electrophilic maleimide) with cellular GSH increased the FR content. The results of this study contribute to the awareness that the process of aging implies not only a loss of tissue function but also essential changes in the molecular contents of cells, especially the concentrations of FRs and GSH.
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Gotham JP, Li R, Tipple TE, Lancaster JR, Liu T, Li Q. Quantitation of spin probe-detectable oxidants in cells using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy: To probe or to trap? Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 154:84-94. [PMID: 32376456 PMCID: PMC7368495 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy coupled with spin traps/probes enables quantitative determination of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNOS). Even with numerous studies using spin probes, the methodology has not been rigorously investigated. The autoxidation of spin probes has been commonly overlooked. Using the spin probe 1-hydroxy-3-methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine (CMH), the present study has tested the effects of metal chelators, temperature, and oxygen content on the autoxidation of spin probes, where an optimized condition is refined for cell studies. The apparent rate of CMH autoxidation under this condition is 7.01 ± 1.60 nM/min, indicating low sensitivity and great variation of the CMH method and that CMH autoxidation rate should be subtracted from the generation rate of CMH-detectable oxidants (simplified as oxidants below) in samples. Oxidants in RAW264.7 cells are detected at an initial rate of 4.0 ± 0.7 pmol/min/106 cells, which is not considered as the rate of basal oxidants generation because the same method has failed to detect oxidant generation from the stimulation of phorbol-12-mysirate-13-acetate (PMA, 0.1 nmol/106 cells) in cells (2.5 ± 0.9 for PMA vs. 2.1 ± 1.5 pmol/min/106 cells for dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-treated cells). In contrast, the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO), which exhibits minimal autoxidation, reveals differences between PMA and DMSO treatment (0.26 ± 0.09 vs. -0.06 ± 0.12 pmol/min/106 cells), which challenges previous claims that spin probes are more sensitive than spin traps. We have also found that low temperature EPR measurements of frozen samples of CMH autoxidation provide lower signal intensity and greater variation compared to RT measurements of fresh samples. The current study establishes an example for method development of RNOS detection, where experimental details are rigorously considered and tested, and raises questions on the applications of spin probes and spin traps.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Gotham
- Science and Technology Honors College, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Trent E Tipple
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Jack R Lancaster
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, Medicine, and Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Taiming Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Qian Li
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Simenauer A, Assefa B, Rios-Ochoa J, Geraci K, Hybertson B, Gao B, McCord J, Elajaili H, Nozik-Grayck E, Cota-Gomez A. Repression of Nrf2/ARE regulated antioxidant genes and dysregulation of the cellular redox environment by the HIV Transactivator of Transcription. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:244-252. [PMID: 31238128 PMCID: PMC7096131 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic HIV infection in the era of anti-retroviral therapy is associated with dramatically increased risk of developing severe cardio pulmonary disease. Common to these diseases is increased oxidative burden and chronic inflammation despite low viremia and restoration of CD4+ T-cell levels. Soluble viral factors are heavily implicated in these disease processes, including the HIV Transactivator of Transcription (Tat). Tat is produced in high levels during infection and secreted from infected cells into circulation where it is internalized by bystander cells and is known to regulate inflammatory pathways and elicit a pro-oxidant environment. We have examined the effects of Tat on the anti-oxidant regulatory network driven by the transcription factor Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) in primary human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells, which are heavily involved in pathogenesis of HIV associated lung diseases including pulmonary arterial hypertension and COPD. Co-expression of Tat and a luciferase reporter construct driven by the Nrf2 activated anti-oxidant response element (ARE) demonstrated markedly reduced Nrf2/ARE activity, even when stimulated by the potent Nrf2 activating compound PB125. Additionally, Heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) transcription was potently repressed by Tat in a cell line as well as primary endothelial cells, and treatment with PB125 failed to restore transcriptional activity. Other anti-oxidant Nrf2 genes examined included NADPH Dehydrogenase Quinone 1 (NQO1) and Sulfiredoxin-1 (SRXN1). NQO1 was repressed basally by Tat, while SRXN1 transcription was refractory to activation by PB125 in the presence of Tat. Lastly, we demonstrated that Tat expressing cells have increased indicators of oxidative stress including elevated production of reactive oxygen species, measured by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and increased levels of nitrotyrosine content. These observations suggest a novel mechanism by which HIV Tat increases oxidative burden by dysregulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Simenauer
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mailstop C272, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Betelhem Assefa
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mailstop C272, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jose Rios-Ochoa
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mailstop C272, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kara Geraci
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mailstop C272, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brooks Hybertson
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mailstop C272, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA; Pathways Bioscience, USA
| | - Bifeng Gao
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mailstop C272, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA; Pathways Bioscience, USA
| | - Joe McCord
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mailstop C272, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA; Pathways Bioscience, USA
| | - Hanan Elajaili
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Labs and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Box B131, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Research 2, Room, 6121, USA
| | - Eva Nozik-Grayck
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Labs and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Box B131, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Research 2, Room, 6121, USA
| | - Adela Cota-Gomez
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mailstop C272, 80045, Aurora, CO, USA.
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