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Yang HK, Seong MW, Hwang JM. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in Korean patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5702. [PMID: 38459091 PMCID: PMC10923793 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to explore the spectrum of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in Korean patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), we investigated the spectrum of mtDNA mutations in 145 Korean probands confirmed with the diagnosis of LHON. Total genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood leukocytes of the patients with suspected LHON, and mtDNA mutations were identified by direct sequencing. Analysis of mtDNA mutations revealed seven primary LHON mutations including the nucleotide positions (nps) 11778A (101 probands, 69.2%), 14484C (31 probands, 21.2%), 3460A (5 probands, 3.4%), and G3635A, G3733A, C4171A, and G13051A mutations in one proband each. In addition, two provisional mtDNA mutations at nps T3472C, and G13259A were each found in one proband, respectively. Another provisional mtDNA mutation at np T3394C was found in two probands. In conclusion, the spectrum of mtDNA mutations in Korean patients with LHON may differ from other ethnicities, which is characterized by high prevalence of 11778A and 14484C mutations, and a low prevalence of the 3460A mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Kyung Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Woo Seong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Republic of Korea.
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Takai Y, Iwasa M, Yamagami A, Inoue K, Yasumoto R, Ishikawa H, Wakakura M. A Japanese Case of Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy with the m.13051G>A Pathogenic Variant. Neuroophthalmology 2024; 48:51-55. [PMID: 38357617 PMCID: PMC10863381 DOI: 10.1080/01658107.2023.2273480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is one of the hereditary optic neuropathies and is principally caused by three frequent mitochondria deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) pathogenic variants (m.11778 G>A, m.3460 G>A, and m.14484T>C). These pathogenic variants account for 90% of LHON cases, with rare pathogenic variants accounting for the remaining cases. We report the first Japanese case of LHON with the m.13051 G>A pathogenic variant, which is a rare primary pathogenic variant of LHON. A 24-year-old woman developed subacute visual loss in both eyes over several months. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 6/120 in her right eye (OD) and 6/7.5 in her left eye (OS). A relative afferent pupillary defect was not detected. Humphrey visual field testing revealed a central scotoma OD and a temporal paracentral scotoma OS. Fundus examination showed the presence of a pale optic disc OD and optic disc swelling with peripapillary microangiopathy OS. Orbital magnetic resonance imaging showed no abnormal findings. As the mitochondrial DNA gene testing demonstrated the m.13051 G>A pathogenic variant, the patient was diagnosed with LHON. Subsequently, her BCVA worsened to 6/600 in each eye, followed by a nearly plateau-like progression thereafter. This mutation has been primarily reported in Europe but has not yet been confirmed in the Asian region. This case also indicates the importance of examining the whole mitochondrial DNA gene for pathogenic variants in cases where one of the three major pathogenic variants has not been not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Takai
- Department of ophthalmology, Inouye Eye Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Iwasa
- Department of ophthalmology, Inouye Eye Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Yamagami
- Department of ophthalmology, Inouye Eye Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Inoue
- Department of ophthalmology, Inouye Eye Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoma Yasumoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishikawa
- Department of Orthoptics and Visual Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitazato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masato Wakakura
- Department of ophthalmology, Inouye Eye Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Jia M, Li Q, Zhang T, Dong B, Liang X, Fu S, Yu J. Genetic Diversity Analysis of the Chinese Daur Ethnic Group in Heilongjiang Province by Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequencing. Front Genet 2022; 13:919063. [PMID: 35801081 PMCID: PMC9253502 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.919063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has the characteristics of maternal inheritance, high mutation rate, high copy number, and no recombination. As the most powerful tool for studying the origin and evolution of modern humans, mtDNA has great significance in the research of population genetics and evolutionary genetics. Here, we provide new insights into the maternal genetic history of the Daur ethnic group by generating complete mitochondrial genomes from a total of 146 Daur individuals in China. We also collected the published complete mitochondrial genome sequences of 5,094 individuals from 56 worldwide populations as reference data to further explore the matrilineal genetic landscape of the Daur ethnic group. First, the haplotype diversity was 0.9943 ± 0.0019 and nucleotide diversity was 0.0428 ± 0.0210. The neutrality tests of the Daur group showed significant negative values and the mismatch distribution curve was obviously distributed in a unimodal pattern. The results showed that the Daur ethnic group has high genetic diversity and may have experienced recent population expansion. In addition, the main haplogroups of the Daur population were haplogroup D (31.51%), M* (20.55%), C (10.28%), F (7.53%), and B (6.85%), all of which were prevalent in northern China. It probably implies the northern Chinese origin of the Daur population. The PCA, FST, and phylogenetic analysis results indicated that the Daur group formed a cluster with East Asian populations, and had few genetic differences with the populations in northern China. More importantly, we found that disease-related mutation sites of the mitochondrial genome may be related to ethnic groups, which may have important implications for the prevention and occurrence of specific diseases. Overall, this study revealed the complexity and diversity of the matrilineal genetic background of the Daur ethnic group. Meanwhile, it provided meaningful data for the research on the diversity of the human genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansha Jia
- Scientific Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- Editorial Department of International Journal of Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bonan Dong
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Songbin Fu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Songbin Fu, ; Jingcui Yu,
| | - Jingcui Yu
- Scientific Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Songbin Fu, ; Jingcui Yu,
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Use of Next-Generation Sequencing for Identifying Mitochondrial Disorders. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1127-1148. [PMID: 35723297 PMCID: PMC8947152 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44030074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are major contributors to ATP synthesis, generating more than 90% of the total cellular energy production through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS): metabolite oxidation, such as the β-oxidation of fatty acids, and the Krebs’s cycle. OXPHOS inadequacy due to large genetic lesions in mitochondrial as well as nuclear genes and homo- or heteroplasmic point mutations in mitochondrially encoded genes is a characteristic of heterogeneous, maternally inherited genetic disorders known as mitochondrial disorders that affect multisystemic tissues and organs with high energy requirements, resulting in various signs and symptoms. Several traditional diagnostic approaches, including magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, cardiac testing, biochemical screening, variable heteroplasmy genetic testing, identifying clinical features, and skeletal muscle biopsies, are associated with increased risks, high costs, a high degree of false-positive or false-negative results, or a lack of precision, which limits their diagnostic abilities for mitochondrial disorders. Variable heteroplasmy levels, mtDNA depletion, and the identification of pathogenic variants can be detected through genetic sequencing, including the gold standard Sanger sequencing. However, sequencing can be time consuming, and Sanger sequencing can result in the missed recognition of larger structural variations such as CNVs or copy-number variations. Although each sequencing method has its own limitations, genetic sequencing can be an alternative to traditional diagnostic methods. The ever-growing roster of possible mutations has led to the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS). The enhancement of NGS methods can offer a precise diagnosis of the mitochondrial disorder within a short period at a reasonable expense for both research and clinical applications.
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Sundaramurthy S, SelvaKumar A, Ching J, Dharani V, Sarangapani S, Yu-Wai-Man P. Leber hereditary optic neuropathy-new insights and old challenges. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 259:2461-2472. [PMID: 33185731 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-020-04993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common primary mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) disorder with the majority of patients harboring one of three primary mtDNA point mutations, namely, m.3460G>A (MTND1), m.11778G>A (MTND4), and m.14484T>C (MTND6). LHON is characterized by bilateral subacute loss of vision due to the preferential loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) within the inner retina, resulting in optic nerve degeneration. This review describes the clinical features associated with mtDNA LHON mutations and recent insights gained into the disease mechanisms contributing to RGC loss in this mitochondrial disorder. Although treatment options remain limited, LHON research has now entered an active translational phase with ongoing clinical trials, including gene therapy to correct the underlying pathogenic mtDNA mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srilekha Sundaramurthy
- 1SN Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) Department of Genetics & Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India.
| | - Ambika SelvaKumar
- Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Jared Ching
- Cambridge Eye Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vidhya Dharani
- Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Sripriya Sarangapani
- 1SN Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) Department of Genetics & Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- Cambridge Eye Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
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Mitochondrial Genetic Heterogeneity in Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy: Original Study with Meta-Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091300. [PMID: 34573281 PMCID: PMC8472268 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial disorder that causes loss of central vision. Three primary variants (m.3460G>A, m.11778G>A, and m.14484T>C) and about 16 secondary variants are responsible for LHON in the majority of the cases. We investigated the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of 189 LHON patients and found a total of 54 disease-linked pathogenic variants. The primary variants m.11778G>A and m.14484T>C were accountable for only 14.81% and 2.64% cases, respectively. Patients with these two variants also possessed additional disease-associated variants. Among 156 patients who lacked the three primary variants, 16.02% harboured other LHON-associated variants either alone or in combination with other disease-associated variants. Furthermore, we observed that none of the haplogroups were explicitly associated with LHON. We performed a meta-analysis of m.4216T>C and m.13708G>A and found a significant association of these two variants with the LHON phenotype. Based on this study, we recommend the use of complete mtDNA sequencing to diagnose LHON, as we found disease-associated variants throughout the mitochondrial genome.
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Lee C, Jang JH, Park KA, Lee GI, Oh SY. A new phenotype of MT-ND6 gene mutation for Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Neurol Sci 2021; 42:4367-4371. [PMID: 34264415 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05405-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaeyeon Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Ja-Hyun Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
| | - Ga-In Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Sei Yeul Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
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Finsterer J. tRNA variants causing Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy? Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:1443-1444. [PMID: 34120304 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Klinik Landstrasse, Messerli Research Institute, 1180, Vienna, Austria.
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Piotrowska-Nowak A, Krawczyński MR, Kosior-Jarecka E, Ambroziak AM, Korwin M, Ołdak M, Tońska K, Bartnik E. Mitochondrial genome variation in male LHON patients with the m.11778G > A mutation. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:1317-1327. [PMID: 32740724 PMCID: PMC7584531 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00605-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial disorder with symptoms limited to a single tissue, optic nerve, resulting in vision loss. In the majority of cases it is caused by one of three point mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) but their presence is not sufficient for disease development, since ~50% of men and ~10% women who carry them are affected. Thus additional modifying factors must exist. In this study, we use next generation sequencing to investigate the role of whole mtDNA variation in male Polish patients with LHON and m.11778G > A, the most frequent LHON mutation. We present a possible association between mtDNA haplogroup K and variants in its background, a combination of m.3480A > G, m.9055G > A, m.11299 T > C and m.14167C > T, and LHON mutation. These variants may have a negative effect on m.11778G > A increasing its penetrance and the risk of LHON in the Polish population. Surprisingly, we did not observe associations previously reported for m.11778G > A and LHON in European populations, particularly for haplogroup J as a risk factor, implying that mtDNA variation is much more complex. Our results indicate possible contribution of novel combination of mtDNA genetic factors to the LHON phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Piotrowska-Nowak
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 5a Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej R. Krawczyński
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 8 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
- Centers for Medical Genetics GENESIS, 4 Grudzieniec Street, 60-601 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Kosior-Jarecka
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chmielna Street, 20-079 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna M. Ambroziak
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 5 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Korwin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, 13 Sierakowskiego Street, 03-709 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Ołdak
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 10 Mochnackiego Street, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Center of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chałubińskiego Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Tońska
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 5a Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bartnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 5a Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, 5a Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Freude KK, Saruhanian S, McCauley A, Paterson C, Odette M, Oostenink A, Hyttel P, Gillies M, Haukedal H, Kolko M. Enrichment of retinal ganglion and Müller glia progenitors from retinal organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells - possibilities and current limitations. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1171-1183. [PMID: 33178399 PMCID: PMC7596448 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i10.1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal organoids serve as excellent human-specific disease models for conditions affecting otherwise inaccessible retinal tissue from patients. They permit the isolation of key cell types affected in various eye diseases including retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and Müller glia.
AIM To refine human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) differentiated into three-dimensional (3D) retinal organoids to generate sufficient numbers of RGCs and Müller glia progenitors for downstream analyses.
METHODS In this study we described, evaluated, and refined methods with which to generate Müller glia and RGC progenitors, isolated them via magnetic-activated cell sorting, and assessed their lineage stability after prolonged 2D culture. Putative progenitor populations were characterized via quantitative PCR and immunocytochemistry, and the ultrastructural composition of retinal organoid cells was investigated.
RESULTS Our study confirms the feasibility of generating marker-characterized Müller glia and RGC progenitors within retinal organoids. Such retinal organoids can be dissociated and the Müller glia and RGC progenitor-like cells isolated via magnetic-activated cell sorting and propagated as monolayers.
CONCLUSION Enrichment of Müller glia and RGC progenitors from retinal organoids is a feasible method with which to study cell type-specific disease phenotypes and to potentially generate specific retinal populations for cell replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Karla Freude
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | - Sarkis Saruhanian
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Alanna McCauley
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | - Colton Paterson
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | - Madeleine Odette
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | - Annika Oostenink
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | - Poul Hyttel
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | - Mark Gillies
- Save Sight Institute, South Block, Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney 2000, Australia
| | - Henriette Haukedal
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | - Miriam Kolko
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Glostrup 2600, Denmark
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Ahn YJ, Park Y, Shin SY, Chae H, Kim M, Park SH. Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of Korean children with childhood-onset Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020; 258:2283-2290. [PMID: 32506279 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-020-04757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to identify the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Korean children with genetically confirmed Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). METHODS The medical records of 64 genetically confirmed LHON patients were reviewed. Seventeen patients aged 13 years or younger with optic atrophy with positive mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations were considered to demonstrate childhood-onset LHON. The non-childhood-onset group included 47 patients with genetically confirmed LHON who experienced disease onset later than 13 years of age. The type of mtDNA mutation, visual acuity (VA), color vision, fundus photography, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and visual field were investigated. RESULTS Sequence analysis of the mitochondrial genome revealed five different kinds of LHON-associated mtDNA mutations among our childhood-onset patients, including m.11778G>A (58.8%), m.3496G>T (11.8%), m.3497C>T (5.9%), m.11696G>A (5.9%), and m.14502T>C (5.9%). The mean final best-corrected VA in the childhood-onset group was better than that in the non-childhood-onset group with the value of logMAR 0.29 (0.09-0.75) vs. 0.55 (0.27-1.29) (expressed as median (interquartile range); p = 0.05). Spontaneous visual recovery was observed in 35.3% of the childhood-onset group but in only 12.8% of the non-childhood-onset group (p = 0.04). Eight patients (47.1%) showed interocular asymmetry of the disease, with two presenting true unilateral involvement of the optic nerve and the other six patients demonstrating unilateral subclinical manifestations with bilateral optic atrophy. CONCLUSION Involvement of secondary mitochondrial mutations was confirmed in patients with childhood-onset LHON. Characteristic clinical features of childhood-onset LHON included a higher proportion of subacute or insidious onset of symptoms, better VA, higher spontaneous recovery, and asymmetrical ocular involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jin Ahn
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yooyeon Park
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Chae
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myungshin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin Hae Park
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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Németh K, Darvasi O, Likó I, Szücs N, Czirják S, Reiniger L, Szabó B, Kurucz PA, Krokker L, Igaz P, Patócs A, Butz H. Next-generation sequencing identifies novel mitochondrial variants in pituitary adenomas. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:931-940. [PMID: 30684245 PMCID: PMC6647476 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-1005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Disrupted mitochondrial functions and genetic variants of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been observed in different human neoplasms. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can be used to detect even low heteroplasmy-level mtDNA variants. We aimed to investigate the mitochondrial genome in pituitary adenomas by NGS. METHODS We analysed 11 growth hormone producing and 33 non-functioning [22 gonadotroph and 11 hormone immunonegative] pituitary adenomas using VariantPro™ Mitochondrion Panel on Illumina MiSeq instrument. Revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS) of the mtDNA was used as reference. Heteroplasmy was determined using a 3% cutoff. RESULTS 496 variants were identified in pituitary adenomas with overall low level of heteroplasmy (7.22%). On average, 35 variants were detected per sample. Samples harbouring the highest number of variants had the highest Ki-67 indices independently of histological subtypes. We identified eight variants (A11251G, T4216C, T16126C, C15452A, T14798C, A188G, G185A, and T16093C) with different prevalences among different histological groups. T16189C was found in 40% of non-recurrent adenomas, while it was not present in the recurrent ones. T14798C and T4216C were confirmed by Sanger sequencing in all 44 samples. 100% concordance was found between NGS and Sanger method. CONCLUSIONS NGS is a reliable method for investigating mitochondrial genome and heteroplasmy in pituitary adenomas. Out of the 496 detected variants, 414 have not been previously reported in pituitary adenoma. The high number of mtDNA variants may contribute to adenoma genesis, and some variants (i.e., T16189C) might associate with benign behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Németh
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - O Darvasi
- "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkiralyi Street, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | - I Likó
- "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkiralyi Street, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | - N Szücs
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S Czirják
- National Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L Reiniger
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - B Szabó
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - P A Kurucz
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L Krokker
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - P Igaz
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Patócs
- "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkiralyi Street, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - H Butz
- "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkiralyi Street, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Li S, Duan S, Qin Y, Lin S, Zheng K, Li X, Zhang L, Gu X, Yao K, Wang B. Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy-Specific Heteroplasmic Mutation m.14495A>G Found in a Chinese Family. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2019; 8:3. [PMID: 31316863 PMCID: PMC6615366 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.8.4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-associated, maternally inherited eye disease. Mutation heteroplasmy level is one of the leading causes to trigger LHON manifestation. In this study, we aimed to identify the causative mutation in a large Han Chinese family with LHON and explore the underlying pathogenic mechanism in this LHON family. Methods The whole-mtDNA sequence was amplified by long-range PCR. Mutations were subsequently identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and validated by Sanger sequencing. The heteroplasmy rates of those family members were determined by digital PCR (dPCR). Mitochondrial haplogroups were assigned based on mtDNA tree build 17. Results The m.14495A>G mutation was identified as causative due to its higher heteroplasmy level (>50%) in patients than in their unaffected relatives. All mutation carriers belong to M7b1a1 and are assigned to Asian mtDNA lineage. Interestingly, our result revealed that high mtDNA copy number in carrier might prevent LHON manifestation. Conclusions This is the first report of m.14495A>G mutation in Asian individuals with LHON. Our study shows that dPCR technology can provide more reliable results in mutation heteroplasmy assay and determination of the cellular mtDNA content, making it a potentially promising tool for clinical precise diagnosis of LHON. Furthermore, our results also add evidence to the opinion that higher mtDNA content may protect mutation carriers from LHON. Translational Relevance dPCR can be used for the assessment of LHON disease, and a new genetic-based diagnostic strategy has been proposed for LHON patients with the m.14495A>G mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouqing Li
- Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Weifang Eye Hospital, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shan Duan
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yueyuan Qin
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kaifeng Zheng
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xi Li
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Linghua Zhang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xueying Gu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Keqin Yao
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baojiang Wang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Current and Emerging Treatment Modalities for Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy: A Review of the Literature. Adv Ther 2018; 35:1510-1518. [PMID: 30173326 PMCID: PMC6182630 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-018-0776-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this review is to present the current and emerging treatment alternatives for Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), emphasizing the most recent use of idebenone and stem cells or gene therapy. Methods A comprehensive literature review was performed at the PubMed database regarding the various treatment modalities for LHON. Results Treatment modalities for LHON include nutritional supplements, activators of mitochondrial biogenesis, brimonidine, and symptomatic and supportive treatment, but nowadays attention is being paid to idebenone and gene therapy or stem cells. Conclusion The treatment of LHON remains challenging, given the nature of the disease and its prognosis.
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