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Khairy EY, Saad A. Relationship between the thrombospondin-1/Toll-like receptor 4 (TSP1/TLR4) pathway and vitamin D levels in obese and normal weight subjects with different metabolic phenotypes. J Physiol Sci 2023; 73:29. [PMID: 37964189 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00887-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) contributes to obesity-associated inflammation via activating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The regulatory role of vitamin D on this pathway has been suggested. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between TSP1/TLR4 pathway and vitamin D in obese and normal weight subjects with different metabolic phenotypes. Thirty obese and thirty normal weight men were selected. Anthropometric parameters and serum TSP1, TLR4, TNF-α, vitamin D, and metabolic profile were determined. Metabolic phenotypes of obese and normal weight subjects were determined. Findings revealed enhanced TSP1/TLR4/TNF-α levels and reduced 25(OH)D levels in obese compared to normal weight subjects and metabolically unhealthy compared to metabolically healthy subjects. TSP1 correlated positively with parameters of unhealthy metabolic profile. TSP1, TLR4 and TNF-α levels significantly negatively correlated with vitamin D levels. In conclusion, vitamin D might exert a regulatory role on TSP1/TLR4 pathway, providing a potential mechanism that links hypovitaminosis D with risk of metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Y Khairy
- Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165, Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Azza Saad
- Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165, Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
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Kolac UK, Donmez Yalcin G, Karayel R, Yalcin A. The role of protein kinase R in placental inflammation, mtUPR and apoptosis. Placenta 2023; 139:200-211. [PMID: 37463546 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Placental inflammation is implicated in the pathophysiology of many pregnancy complications, including fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and choriocarcinoma. Mitochondrial dysfunction, one of the outcomes of placental inflammation, is characterized by loss of membrane potential, accumulation of oxygen radicals, mitochondrial protein folding defects, and disturbances in mitochondrial dynamics. Protein kinase R (PKR) is stimulated by double-stranded RNA and bacterial endotoxins in the presence of pathogens and is a critical immune response enzyme. PKR is also correlated with the cell death response during endoplasmic reticulum stress. In this study, we aim to investigate the effects of PKR activity stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and double-stranded RNA analog (Poly I:C) on mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR), mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in placental trophoblasts. METHODS We applied LPS and Poly I:C to BeWo cells to induce PKR activation. In addition, cells were treated with 2-aminopurine (2-AP) to inhibit the kinase activity of PKR. Protein levels of ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit (CLPP) and heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) were determined after treatments. Apoptotic markers were detected by real-time PCR and flow cytometry. PKR-induced reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial membrane potential change were assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS It was determined that PKR activation-induced apoptosis in BeWo cells by reducing the levels of mtUPR proteins (CLPP and HSP60) and caused a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. PKR inhibition was sufficient for decreases in apoptotic markers and caused a reduction in the ratio of depolarized and ROS (+) cells. DISCUSSION Our results showed that LPS and Poly I:C administration stimulated PKR in BeWo cells in vitro. Furthermore, PKR activation is correlated with the levels of proteins involved in mitochondrial homeostasis and apoptosis. Our findings will contribute to understanding the role of PKR activation in placental inflammation and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Kerem Kolac
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Gizem Donmez Yalcin
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Karayel
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Yalcin
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey.
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Qin S, Wang Y, Wang S, Ning B, Huai J, Yang H. Gut microbiota in women with gestational diabetes mellitus has potential impact on metabolism in pregnant mice and their offspring. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:870422. [PMID: 35992705 PMCID: PMC9389115 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.870422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is closely related to abnormalities in the gut microbiota, and the offspring of these women have an increased risk of diabetes. There is no direct evidence of whether bacteria in women with GDM colonize the intestinal tract of offspring and cause hyperglycemia. In this fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), pregnant mouse model study, two groups of germ-free (GF) mice after FMT showed different colonization patterns of gut microbiota and phenotype. Compared with the control group (healthy-FMT), we found in the GDM-FMT group as a lower relative abundance of Akkermansia and Faecalibacterium; a lower content of short-chain fatty acids and naringenin in feces; an elevated blood glucose; an inflammatory factor expression (TNF-α, CXCL-15, and IL-6), and a hepatic fat deposition. In addition, the influence of the gut microbiota continued in offspring. The gut microbiota of the offspring of GDM-FMT mice was still different from that of the control group as a lower relative abundance of Akkermansia and Parvibacter; and a higher relative abundance of bacteria such as Oscillibacter, Romboutsia, and Harryflintia. In addition, the offspring of GDM-FMT mice had higher body weight and blood glucose levels than the control offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtang Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China
| | - Bohan Ning
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Huai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Huixia Yang,
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Han VX, Jones HF, Patel S, Mohammad SS, Hofer MJ, Alshammery S, Maple-Brown E, Gold W, Brilot F, Dale RC. Emerging evidence of Toll-like receptors as a putative pathway linking maternal inflammation and neurodevelopmental disorders in human offspring: A systematic review. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 99:91-105. [PMID: 34562595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is increasingly recognised to play a major role in gene-environment interactions in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). The effects of aberrant immune responses to environmental stimuli in the mother and in the child can affect neuroimmune signalling that is central to brain development. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are the best known innate immune pattern and danger recognition sensors to various environmental threats. In animal models, maternal immune activation (MIA), secondary to inflammatory factors including maternal gestational infection, obesity, diabetes, and stress activate the TLR pathway in maternal blood, placenta, and fetal brain, which correlate with offspring neurobehavioral abnormalities. Given the central role of TLR activation in animal MIA models, we systematically reviewed the human evidence for TLR activation and response to stimulation across the maternal-fetal interface. Firstly, we included 59 TLR studies performed in peripheral blood of adults in general population (outside of pregnancy) with six chronic inflammatory factors which have epidemiological evidence for increased risk of offspring NDDs, namely, obesity, diabetes mellitus, depression, low socio-economic status, autoimmune diseases, and asthma. Secondly, eight TLR studies done in human pregnancies with chronic inflammatory factors, involving maternal blood, placenta, and cord blood, were reviewed. Lastly, ten TLR studies performed in peripheral blood of individuals with NDDs were included. Despite these studies, there were no studies which examined TLR function in both the pregnant mother and their offspring. Increased TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA and/or protein levels in peripheral blood were common in obesity, diabetes mellitus, depression, autoimmune thyroid disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. To a lesser degree, TLR 3, 7, 8, and 9 activation were found in peripheral blood of humans with autoimmune diseases and depression. In pregnancy, increased TLR4 mRNA levels were found in the peripheral blood of women with diabetes mellitus and systemic lupus erythematosus. Placental TLR activation was found in mothers with obesity or diabetes. Postnatally, dysregulated TLR response to stimulation was found in peripheral blood of individuals with NDDs. This systematic review found emerging evidence that TLR activation may represent a mechanistic link between maternal inflammation and offspring NDD, however the literature is incomplete and longitudinal outcome studies are lacking. Identification of pathogenic mechanisms in MIA could create preventive and therapeutic opportunities to mitigate NDD prevalence and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velda X Han
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Khoo-Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore; School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hannah F Jones
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neuroservices, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shrujna Patel
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shekeeb S Mohammad
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Markus J Hofer
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah Alshammery
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Molecular Neurobiology Research Laboratory, Kids Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, and The Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma Maple-Brown
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Molecular Neurobiology Research Laboratory, Kids Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, and The Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wendy Gold
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Molecular Neurobiology Research Laboratory, Kids Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, and The Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fabienne Brilot
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Molecular Neurobiology Research Laboratory, Kids Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, and The Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Russell C Dale
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Hussain T, Murtaza G, Metwally E, Kalhoro DH, Kalhoro MS, Rahu BA, Sahito RGA, Yin Y, Yang H, Chughtai MI, Tan B. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Balance in Pregnancy. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:9962860. [PMID: 34616234 PMCID: PMC8490076 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9962860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been widely known that oxidative stress disrupts the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant system in the body. During pregnancy, the physiological generation of ROS is involved in a variety of developmental processes ranging from oocyte maturation to luteolysis and embryo implantation. While abnormal overproduction of ROS disrupts these processes resulting in reproductive failure. In addition, excessive oxidative stress impairs maternal and placental functions and eventually results in fetal loss, IUGR, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Although some oxidative stress is inevitable during pregnancy, a balancing act between oxidant and antioxidant production is necessary at different stages of the pregnancy. The review aims to highlight the importance of maintaining oxidative and antioxidant balance throughout pregnancy. Furthermore, we highlight the role of oxidative stress in pregnancy-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Hussain
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
- Animal Science Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | - Elsayed Metwally
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Dildar Hussain Kalhoro
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro
- Department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | - Baban Ali Rahu
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | | | - Yulong Yin
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 Hunan, China
| | - Huansheng Yang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Muhammad Ismail Chughtai
- Animal Science Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bie Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
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Sun X, Sun H, Li P. Association of circulating inflammatory cells and platelets with gestational diabetes and pregnancy outcomes. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 523:87-96. [PMID: 34508686 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common cause of hyperglycemia during pregnancy, and its prevalence has increased over the past decades. GDM is directly related to the recent obstetric outcomes and long-term maternal and child health, which can be greatly improved by early identification and diagnosis of GDM. However, the prediction of the disease has always been a difficult problem due to the lack of simple and practical serological markers. Despite the controversy, recent studies have identified that circulating inflammatory cells and platelets, routinely included in the obstetric blood tests, are related to the development of GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes. In this review, we summarized the studies in this field based on the recent literature. The inflammatory cell components we included were the total number of white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and platelets, which were routinely examined in the blood tests in pregnancy. The aim of this review is not only to enrich our understanding of the pathogenesis of GDM but also to provide evidence for the value of these novel and practical serological markers in early identification of GDM and the prevention and its adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshi Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - He Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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Xuemei L, Qiu S, Chen G, Liu M. Myrtenol alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic pregnant rats via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22904. [PMID: 34477272 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a special kind of diabetes that arises only during pregnancy. A woman with GDM has a higher risk of developing type-2 diabetes and other metabolic diseases. In this exploration, we intended to scrutinize the therapeutic actions of Myrtenol against the streptozotocin (STZ)-provoked GDM in rats. GDM was provoked in the pregnant rats via injecting the 1% of STZ (25 mg/kg) and then treated with the 50 mg/kg of myrtenol. The glucose level and bodyweight of animals were noted. The lipid profile, that is, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was determined by respective kits. The lipid peroxidation and antioxidants status were examined using assay kits. The status of proinflammatory markers was investigated by assay kits. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling proteins were studied by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. The hepatic and pancreatic tissues were examined microscopically. Myrtenol treatment notably decreased the status of blood glucose and lipid profile and improved the HDL in the GDM rats. The status of lipid peroxidation and inflammatory markers were substantially reduced by the myrtenol and it enhanced the antioxidants status of GDM animals. Myrtenol treatment remarkably downregulated the mRNA expressions of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling proteins. The histological findings also proved the therapeutic actions of myrtenol. Altogether, the findings of this investigation unveiled the therapeutic actions of the myrtenol against the STZ-provoked GDM in rats. Myrtenol could be a promising therapeutic agent to treat GDM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Xuemei
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Jinan City People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Shengjie Qiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Guiying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Jinan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinan, China
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Shu X, Hu Y, Huang C, Wei N. Nimbolide ameliorates the streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy in rats through the inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4255-4262. [PMID: 34354407 PMCID: PMC8324995 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common problem in the diabetic patients due to the high blood glucose level. DR affects more number of diabetic patients worldwide with irreversible vision loss. OBJECTIVE The current investigation was focused to reveal the therapeutic actions of nimbolide against the streptozotocin (STZ)-provoked DR in rats through inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB pathway. METHODOLOGY DR was provoked to the rats through administering a single dose of STZ (60 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The DR rats were then supplemented with the 50 mg/kg of nimbolide for 60 days. The bodyweight and blood glucose level was measured using standard methods. The lipid profiles (cholesterol, TG, LDL, and HDL), inflammatory markers, and antioxidants level was detected using respective kits. The level of MCP-1, VEGF, and MMP-9 was quantified using kits. The morphometric analysis of retinal tissues were done. The mRNA expressions of target genes were studied using RT-PCR assay. RESULTS Nimbolide treatment effective decreased the food intake and blood glucose, and improved the bodyweight of STZ-provoked animals. The levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, cholesterol, TG, LDL, and HDL, MCP-1, VEGF, and MMP-9 was remarkably suppressed by the nimbolide treatment. Nimbolide also improved the antioxidants, retinal thickness and cell numbers. The TLR4/NF-κB pathway was appreciably inhibited by the nimbolide. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings demonstrated that the nimbolide attenuated the STZ-provoked DR in rats through inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwen Shu
- Second Department of Ophthalmology, Second People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Yali Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250000, China
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Li T, Hu D, Gong Y. Identification of potential lncRNAs and co-expressed mRNAs in gestational diabetes mellitus by RNA sequencing. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:5125-5139. [PMID: 33618585 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1875432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Gestational diabetes mellitus is common during pregnancy, impacting maternal health and fetal development. The aim of this study was to identify potential long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs in gestational diabetes mellitus. METHODS The placenta tissues from four women patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and three healthy pregnant women were used for RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were obtained. Then, interaction networks of lncRNA-nearby targeted mRNA and lncRNA-co-expressed mRNA were constructed, followed by functional annotation of co-expressed mRNAs. Third, GSE51546 dataset was utilized to validate the expression of selected co-expressed mRNAs. In addition, in vitro experiment was applied to expression validation of lncRNAs and mRNAs. Finally, GSE70493 dataset was utilized for diagnostic analysis of selected co-expressed mRNAs. RESULTS A total of 78 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 647 differentially expressed mRNAs in gestational diabetes mellitus were obtained. Several interaction pairs of lncRNA-co-expressed mRNA including LINC01504-CASP8, FUT8-AS1-TLR5/GDF15, GATA2-AS1-PQLC3/KIAA2026, and EGFR-AS1-HLA-G were identified. Endocytosis (involved HLA-G) and toll-like receptor signaling pathway (involved TLR5 and CASP8) were remarkably enriched signaling pathways of co-expressed mRNAs. It is noted that CASP8, TLR5, and PQLC3 had a significant prognosis value for gestational diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified several differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs, and their interactions, especially co-expression, may be associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Die Hu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Department of Outpatient, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yunhui Gong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Xu W, Tang M, Wang J, Wang L. Anti-inflammatory activities of puerarin in high-fat diet-fed rats with streptozotocin-induced gestational diabetes mellitus. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7537-7546. [PMID: 32946041 PMCID: PMC7588390 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of puerarin on insulin resistance and inflammation in rats with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Gestational diabetic model rats were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (25 mg/kg) combined with high-fat feeding and were randomly assigned to three groups: the control group, the GDM group, and the puerarin-treated group. Puerarin was intragastrically administered to rats daily until the offspring were born. The rats in both the GDM group and control group were administered the same volume of normal saline. Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in all groups of rats were measured. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate morphological changes in the liver, pancreas, and adipose tissues around the reproductive organs. Western blotting was carried out to measure the protein expression of IRS-1 and inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, TLR4, MyD88 and phosphorylated NF-κB, in the adipose tissues around the reproductive organs. Puerarin had preventive effects on GDM-induced pathological changes and ameliorated glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in GDM rats. Puerarin upregulated IRS-1 expression and decreased the protein expression of TNF-α, TLR4, and MyD88 as well as the levels of phosphorylated NF-κB in adipose tissues around the reproductive organs in GDM rats. This study indicated that puerarin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by downregulating the important TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB inflammatory signalling pathway. Therefore, puerarin can decrease the expression of TNF-α and ameliorate insulin resistance in GDM rats, suggesting the potential efficacy of puerarin in GDM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Xu
- Department of Reproduction, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhang jiagang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyu Tang
- Department of Reproduction, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhang jiagang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Department of Reproduction, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhang jiagang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Reproduction, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhang jiagang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Wei W, Zhang X. Expression of ADP and TNF-α in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and its relationship with pregnancy outcomes. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2184-2190. [PMID: 32765694 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of adiponectin (ADP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and its relationship with pregnancy outcomes was explored. A total of 78 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus admitted to Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from June 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled as an experimental group, and further 70 healthy pregnant women in physical examination during the same period were enrolled as a control group. Concentrations of ADP and TNF-α were determined and compared between the two groups. The patients were divided into high ADP expression group (≥6.84), low ADP expression group (<6.84), high TNF-α expression group (≥6.17) and low TNF-α expression group (<6.17). Corresponding two groups were compared in terms of adverse pregnancy outcomes, respectively, and they were also compared with the control group. The clinical association between ADP and TNF-α was analyzed. TNF-α was highly expressed in the blood of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus, while ADP expression was low in the blood. The low expression of ADP was related to age, pregestational body mass index (BMI), gestational week, medical history and family history of diabetes mellitus (all P<0.05), and the high expression of TNF-α was related to age, pregestational BMI, gestational week, medical history, amniotic fluid volume, abortion history, and family history of diabetes mellitus (all P<0.05). The experimental group faced a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes than the control group. Both ADP and TNF-α are abnormally expressed in the patients with gestational diabetes mellitus, and TNF-α is affected by more of the factors. The concentrations of ADP and TNF-α affect the pregnancy outcomes. It suggests that ADP and TNF-α can be used as indexes for predicating pregnancy outcomes, and for judging the disease conditions and treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengong Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
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12
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Liu T, Zheng W, Wang L, Wang L, Zhang Y. TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Participates in the Protective Effects of Apocynin on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Induced Placental Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:722-730. [PMID: 32046403 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a temporary form of diabetes during pregnancy which influences the health of both mother and child. Both inflammation and oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathophysiology of GDM. Apocynin, acetophenone with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation activities, has been shown to protect against insulin resistance. In the current study, the effects of apocynin on GDM symptoms, productive outcomes, oxidative stress, and inflammation were evaluated and the underlying mechanisms were explored. We administrated apocynin to GDM mice and monitored the GDM symptoms including body weight, serum levels of glucose, insulin, lipid profile, and the fetal outcomes in GDM mice. We also evaluated the effects of apocynin on placental oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in GDM mice. Here, we reported that apocynin treatment significantly reduced serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein in GDM mice, while significantly increased serum level of insulin and high-density lipoprotein. Apocynin improved fetal outcomes in GDM mice. Apocynin ameliorated placental oxidative stress and inflammation and inhibited TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway activation in GDM mice. We concluded that apocynin suppressed oxidative stress and inflammation in GDM by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanke Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China.
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13
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Silva AR, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF, Pérez AR, Carvalho VDF. Immune-endocrine interactions related to a high risk of infections in chronic metabolic diseases: The role of PPAR gamma. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 854:272-281. [PMID: 30974105 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diverse disturbances in immune-endocrine circuitries are involved in the development and aggravation of several chronic metabolic diseases (CMDs), including obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. The chronic inflammatory syndrome observed in CMDs culminates in dysregulated immune responses with low microbial killing efficiency, by means low host innate immune response, and loss of ability to eliminate the pathogens, which results in a high prevalence of infectious diseases, including pneumonia, tuberculosis, and sepsis. Herein, we review evidence pointing out PPARγ as a putative player in immune-endocrine disturbances related to increased risk of infections in CMDs. Cumulated evidence indicates that PPARγ activation modulates host cells to control inflammation during CMDs because of PPARγ agonists have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolutive properties, increasing host ability to eliminate pathogen, modulating hormone production, and restoring glucose and lipid homeostasis. As such, we propose PPARγ as a putative therapeutic adjuvant for patients with CMDs to favor a better infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ribeiro Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Unirio, Brazil.
| | - Ana Rosa Pérez
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER-CONICET UNR), 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Vinicius de Frias Carvalho
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Naghizadeh M, Baradaran B, Saghafi-Asl M, Amiri P, Shanehbandi D, Karamzad N, Mohamed-Khosroshahi L. Toll-like receptor signaling and serum levels of interferon β and lipopolysaccharide binding protein are related to abdominal obesity: a case-control study between metabolically healthy and metabolically unhealthy obese individuals. Nutr Res 2018; 55:11-20. [PMID: 29914624 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
It is still unclear whether toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling and serum levels of inflammatory markers in metabolically unhealthy abdominally obese (MUAO) are due to their obesity and/or their metabolic state. We hypothesized that abdominal obesity is an important mediator of the association of metabolic state with TLR signaling and serum inflammatory markers. Therefore, in this case-control study, we compared the expression levels of TLR4 and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain containing adaptor protein-inducing interferon β (TRIF) and serum concentrations of interferon β and lipoprotein-binding protein (LBP) in metabolically healthy abdominally obese (MHAO) and MUAO individuals. Basal blood samples from 65 abdominally obese subjects with waist circumference (WC) of at least 95 cm were collected to determine serum metabolic parameters, IFNβ, and LBP. Those with 3 or more metabolic alterations were defined as MUAO (n = 34), and those having 2 or less were classified as MHAO (n = 31). Furthermore, messenger RNA (mRNA) was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. TLR4 and TRIF gene expression assay was performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. There were significant differences in serum fasting blood sugar (P = .017), triglyceride (P < .001), cholesterol (P = .002), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = .034) between the MUAO and MHAO groups, whereas no significant difference was observed in the expression ratio of TLR4 and TRIF mRNA and serum levels of IFNβ and LBP. However, a significant correlation was noticed between mRNA expression levels of TLR4 and TRIF (r = 0.50, P < .001) and serum IFNβ and LBP (r = 0.70, P < .001). It is concluded that the expression levels of TLR4 and TRIF as well as serum IFNβ and LBP are more related to abdominal obesity than to metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Naghizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Saghafi-Asl
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Parichehr Amiri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nahid Karamzad
- Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
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15
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Angelo AGS, Neves CTC, Lobo TF, Godoy RVC, Ono É, Mattar R, Daher S. Monocyte profile in peripheral blood of gestational diabetes mellitus patients. Cytokine 2017; 107:79-84. [PMID: 29241982 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gestational diabetes Mellitus has been considered an inflammatory disease involving different cells and mediators in its development. The role of innate immune cells in GDM physiopathology remains unclear, therefore this study was conducted to assess monocyte profile in GDM patients. DESIGN This was a case-control study including 20 glucose-tolerant pregnant women (controls) and 18 GDM patients. METHODS Flow cytometry was used to assess peripheral blood monocytes subsets (classical, intermediate, non-classical), the expression of TLR4 and CCR2 chemokine receptor (CD192) and cytokines (TNFA, IL6, IL10) secretion by monocytes subsets. In addition, sCD14 serum levels were evaluated by ELISA. RESULTS We observed increased percentage of CD14+ cells, decreased frequency of intermediate monocytes (CD14+CD16+), and lower percentage of circulating monocytes (classical, intermediate and non-classical) that express TLR4 in the diabetic group compared to controls. Soluble CD14+ serum levels were higher in GDM patients compared to controls. There were no differences in the expression of the CCR2 chemokine receptor and cytokines (TNFA, IL6 and IL10) secretion between the studied groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that GDM patients present impaired monocyte profile in the peripheral blood, suggesting that these cells are involved in GDM physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana G S Angelo
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Carla T C Neves
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Thalita F Lobo
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ramon V C Godoy
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Érika Ono
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rosiane Mattar
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Silvia Daher
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Robakis TK, Aasly L, Williams KE, Clark C, Rasgon N. Roles of Inflammation and Depression in the Development of Gestational Diabetes. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2017; 4:369-383. [PMID: 30693175 DOI: 10.1007/s40473-017-0131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation, the body's response to harmful external agents, has long been found to be associated with depressive symptoms. The relationship between inflammation and depression is well established in the general population of people with depression, but is less so among perinatal women. Depression in the perinatal period is a common disorder, however available data do not indicate that there is a specific inflammatory picture associated with perinatal depression. We suggest that perinatal depression may be a heterogeneous construct, and that inflammation may be relevant to it in the context of other inflammatory morbidities of pregnancy. In this review we explore the available support for the hypothesis that inflammation associated with depression can represent a precipitating insult for the development of gestational diabetes, a known inflammatory morbidity of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalia K Robakis
- Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
| | - Linn Aasly
- Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
| | | | - Claire Clark
- Palo Alto University, Program in Clinical Psychology
| | - Natalie Rasgon
- Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
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17
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Szablewski L, Sulima A. The structural and functional changes of blood cells and molecular components in diabetes mellitus. Biol Chem 2017; 398:411-423. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
It is known fact that diabetes mellitus (DM) affects blood cells. Changes in the erythrocyte membrane, disorder in hemoglobin oxygen-binding and modification in mechanical characteristics, are effects of hyperglycemia on red blood cells. Altered susceptibility infection of patients with diabetes has been ascribed to a depression in the function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Neutrophil function in patients with diabetes with good glucose control is slightly different than in healthy ones. DM causes significant changes in lymphocytes metabolism and their functions. Patients with diabetes, presenting with acute coronary syndrome, are at higher risk of cardiovascular complications and recurrent ischemic events in comparison to non-diabetic counterparts. Various mechanisms, including endothelial dysfunction, platelet hyperactivity, and abnormalities in coagulation and fibrynolysis have been implicated for this increased atherothrombotic risk. There are many other alterations of blood cells due to DM. In the present review we focused on modifications of blood cells due to DM. Then, as a second point, we explored how the changes affect functions of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
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18
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Lipopolysaccharide and double stranded viral RNA mediate insulin resistance and increase system a amino acid transport in human trophoblast cells in vitro. Placenta 2017; 51:18-27. [PMID: 28292465 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.01.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammation and underlying low-grade maternal infection can impair insulin signalling and upregulate nutrient transport in the placenta which contribute to fetal overgrowth associated with GDM and/or obese pregnancies. There are, however, no studies on the role of infection on placental nutrient transport in pregnancies complicated by GDM and/or obesity. Thus, the aims of this study were to determine the effect of the bacterial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or the viral dsRNA analogue polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) on the insulin signalling pathway and amino acid transport in primary human trophoblast cells. METHODS Human primary villous trophoblast cells were treated with LPS or poly(I:C). Protein expression of insulin signalling pathway proteins, insulin receptor (IR)-β, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and protein kinase B (also known as Akt), and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase p85α subunit (PI3K-p85α) protein were assessed by Western blotting. Glucose and amino acid uptake were assessed by radiolabelled assay. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to determine amino acid transporter protein and mRNA expression, respectively. RESULTS LPS and poly(I:C) significantly decreased phosphorylation of IR-β, IRS-1, Akt, total PI3K-p85α protein expression and glucose uptake. LPS and poly(I:C) also significantly increased expression of System A amino acid transporters SNAT1 and SNAT2, and System A-mediated uptake of amino acids. DISCUSSION LPS and poly(I:C) induces insulin resistance and increases amino acid uptake in human primary trophoblast cells. This suggests that the presence of low-grade maternal infection can contribute to excess placental nutrient availability and promote fetal overgrowth in pregnancies complicated by GDM and/or obesity.
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19
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Chen G, Sun W, Liang Y, Chen T, Guo W, Tian W. Maternal diabetes modulates offspring cell proliferation and apoptosis during odontogenesis via the TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway. Cell Prolif 2016; 50. [PMID: 27981756 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maternal gestational diabetes leads to an adverse in utero environment and increases the risk of malformations during embryo organogenesis. In the present study, we analysed the effects of maternal diabetes on tooth germ cell proliferation and apoptosis in offspring, and investigated their underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of maternal diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and the pregnant rats were divided into three groups: controls, the diabetic group and diabetic group with insulin treatment. Offspring of the three groups were collected and cell proliferation and apoptosis in tooth germs were analysed. Primary dental papilla cells and dental epithelial stem cells were isolated and treated with high glucose in vitro, in an attempt to simulate maternal diabetes-induced hyperglycaemia in vivo. RESULTS Maternal diabetes significantly affected cell proliferation and apoptosis in offspring tooth germs. The TLR4/NF-ĸB signalling pathway was activated in the tooth germs of offspring of diabetic dams. High glucose treatment activated the TLR4/NF-ĸB signalling pathway in primary dental papilla cells and dental epithelial stem cells in vitro, resulting in suppression of cell proliferation and enhancement of apoptosis. TLR4 knockdown significantly reduced adverse effects induced by high glucose treatment. CONCLUSIONS Maternal gestational diabetes significantly impaired dental epithelial and mesenchymal cell proliferation and apoptosis in offspring, possibly by activation of the TLR4/NF-ĸB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenhua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pedodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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20
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Zhang Q, Cheng Y, He M, Li T, Ma Z, Cheng H. Effect of various doses of vitamin D supplementation on pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:1889-1895. [PMID: 27588106 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been reported that the influence of vitamin D on the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus is associated with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, cancer and other systemic diseases, and is considered an important indicator of general health. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of various doses of vitamin D supplementation on glucose metabolism, lipid concentrations, inflammation and the levels of oxidative stress of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The present randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 133 pregnant women with GDM during weeks 24-28 of pregnancy. The patients were randomly divided into four groups. The control group (n=20) received a placebo (sucrose; one granule/day), the low dosage group (n=38) received the daily recommended intake of 200 IU vitamin D (calciferol) daily, the medium dosage group (n=38) received 50,000 IU monthly (2,000 IU daily for 25 days) and the high dosage group (n=37) received 50,000 IU every 2 weeks (4,000 IU daily for 12.5 days). The general characteristics and dietary intakes of the patients with GDM were similar between each group. Using ELISA kits, it was determined that insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance and total cholesterol were significantly reduced by high dosage vitamin D supplementation (P<0.05). Total antioxidant capacity and total glutathione levels were significantly elevated as a result of high dosage vitamin D supplementation (P<0.01). In conclusion, high-dose vitamin D supplementation (50,000 IU every 2 weeks) significantly improved insulin resistance in pregnant women with GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Mulan He
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Ziwen Ma
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Haidong Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
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21
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Lekva T, Norwitz ER, Aukrust P, Ueland T. Impact of Systemic Inflammation on the Progression of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Diab Rep 2016; 16:26. [PMID: 26879309 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-016-0715-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
With increasing rates of obesity and new diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the overall prevalence of GDM is increasing worldwide. Women with GDM have an increased risk of maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy as well as long-term risks including higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. In recent years, the role of immune activation and inflammation in the pathogenesis of GDM has gained increasing attention. This monograph explores the current state of the literature as regards the expression of markers of inflammation in the maternal circulation, placenta, and adipose tissue of women with GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tove Lekva
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0027, Oslo, Norway.
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02116, USA.
| | - Errol R Norwitz
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02116, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0027, Oslo, Norway.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0027, Oslo, Norway.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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22
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Syngelaki A, Visser GHA, Krithinakis K, Wright A, Nicolaides KH. First trimester screening for gestational diabetes mellitus by maternal factors and markers of inflammation. Metabolism 2016; 65:131-7. [PMID: 26892524 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the potential role of maternal serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) in the first trimester of pregnancy in the prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS Maternal serum TNF-α and Hs-CRP concentrations were measured in a case-control study of singleton pregnancies at 11-13 weeks' gestation, which included 200 cases that subsequently developed GDM and 800 unaffected controls. Measured levels of TNF-α and Hs-CRP were expressed as multiples of the median (MoM) after adjustment for maternal characteristics and history. The performance of screening for GDM by maternal factors and MoM values of TNF-α and Hs-CRP was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC). RESULTS In the GDM group, compared to the normal group, the median TNF-α was significantly increased (1.303 MoM, interquartile range [IQR] 1.151-1.475 vs. 1.0 MoM, IQR 0.940-1.064; p=0.031) and the median Hs-CRP was not significantly different (1.113 MoM, IQR 0.990-1.250 vs. 1.0 MoM, IQR 0.943-1.060; p=0.084). In the prediction of GDM, the AUROC for maternal characteristics with TNF-α or Hs-CRP was not significantly different than the AUROC for maternal characteristics alone (p=0.5055 and p=0.2197, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In pregnancies that develop GDM there is no evidence of an inflammatory response at 11-13 weeks' gestation and the levels of serum TNF-α and Hs-CRP are not useful in first-trimester screening for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyro Syngelaki
- Harris Birthright Research Centre of Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | - Alan Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Kypros H Nicolaides
- Harris Birthright Research Centre of Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
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De Batista PR, Palacios R, Martín A, Hernanz R, Médici CT, Silva MASC, Rossi EM, Aguado A, Vassallo DV, Salaices M, Alonso MJ. Toll-like receptor 4 upregulation by angiotensin II contributes to hypertension and vascular dysfunction through reactive oxygen species production. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104020. [PMID: 25093580 PMCID: PMC4122400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is considered as a low-grade inflammatory disease, with adaptive immunity being an important mediator of this pathology. TLR4 may have a role in the development of several cardiovascular diseases; however, little is known about its participation in hypertension. We aimed to investigate whether TLR4 activation due to increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) contributes to hypertension and its associated endothelial dysfunction. For this, we used aortic segments from Wistar rats treated with a non-specific IgG (1 µg/day) and SHRs treated with losartan (15 mg/kg·day), the non-specific IgG or the neutralizing antibody anti-TLR4 (1 µg/day), as well as cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from Wistar and SHRs. TLR4 mRNA levels were greater in the VSMC and aortas from SHRs compared with Wistar rats; losartan treatment reduced those levels in the SHRs. Treatment of the SHRs with the anti-TLR4 antibody: 1) reduced the increased blood pressure, heart rate and phenylephrine-induced contraction while it improved the impaired acetylcholine-induced relaxation; 2) increased the potentiation of phenylephrine contraction after endothelium removal; and 3) abolished the inhibitory effects of tiron, apocynin and catalase on the phenylephrine-induced response as well as its enhancing effect of acetylcholine-induced relaxation. In SHR VSMCs, angiotensin II increased TLR4 mRNA levels, and losartan reduced that increase. CLI-095, a TLR4 inhibitor, mitigated the increases in NAD(P)H oxidase activity, superoxide anion production, migration and proliferation that were induced by angiotensin II. In conclusion, TLR4 pathway activation due to increased RAS activity is involved in hypertension, and by inducing oxidative stress, this pathway contributes to the endothelial dysfunction associated with this pathology. These results suggest that TLR4 and innate immunity may play a role in hypertension and its associated end-organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila R. De Batista
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
- Dept. of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Roberto Palacios
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Angela Martín
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Raquel Hernanz
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Cindy T. Médici
- Dept. of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Marito A. S. C. Silva
- Dept. of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Emilly M. Rossi
- Dept. of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Andrea Aguado
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dalton V. Vassallo
- Dept. of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Mercedes Salaices
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (MJA); (MS)
| | - María J. Alonso
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
- * E-mail: (MJA); (MS)
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