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Zhang J, Siew K, Sun D. Editorial: Targeting pumps, channels and transporters for the treatments of vascular, cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1130882. [PMID: 36817130 PMCID: PMC9929537 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1130882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Hatherly Laboratories, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Jinwei Zhang,
| | - Keith Siew
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dandan Sun
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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2
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Role of Ion Channel Remodeling in Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040484. [PMID: 35454073 PMCID: PMC9031742 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a key player in advancing vascular pathology in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a disease essentially characterized by intense remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature, vasoconstriction, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, and thrombosis in situ. These vascular features culminate in an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, subsequent right heart failure, and premature death. Over the past years, there has been a great development in our understanding of pulmonary endothelial biology related to the genetic and molecular mechanisms that modulate the endothelial response to direct or indirect injury and how their dysregulation can promote PAH pathogenesis. Ion channels are key regulators of vasoconstriction and proliferative/apoptotic phenotypes; however, they are poorly studied at the endothelial level. The current review will describe and categorize different expression, functions, regulation, and remodeling of endothelial ion channels (K+, Ca2+, Na+, and Cl− channels) in PAH. We will focus on the potential pathogenic role of ion channel deregulation in the onset and progression of endothelial dysfunction during the development of PAH and its potential therapeutic role.
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Peng H, You L, Yang C, Wang K, Liu M, Yin D, Xu Y, Dong X, Yin X, Ni J. Ginsenoside Rb1 Attenuates Triptolide-Induced Cytotoxicity in HL-7702 Cells via the Activation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:723784. [PMID: 35046796 PMCID: PMC8762226 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.723784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide (TP) is the major bioactive compound extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. It exerts anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, antineoplastic, and neuroprotective effects. However, the severe hepatotoxicity induced by TP limits its clinical application. Ginsenoside Rb1 has been reported to possess potential hepatoprotective effects, but its mechanism has not been fully investigated. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of ginsenoside Rb1 against TP-induced cytotoxicity in HL-7702 cells, as well as the underlying mechanism. The results revealed that ginsenoside Rb1 effectively reversed TP-induced cytotoxicity in HL-7702 cells. Apoptosis induced by TP was suppressed by ginsenoside Rb1 via inhibition of death receptor-mediated apoptotic pathway and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway. Pretreatment with ginsenoside Rb1 significantly reduced Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and down-regulated the expression of Fas, cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), cleaved caspase-3, and -9. Furthermore, ginsenoside Rb1 reversed TP-induced cell cycle arrest in HL-7702 cells at S and G2/M phase, via upregulation of the expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), cyclin E, cyclin A, and downregulation of the expressions of p53, p21, and p-p53. Ginsenoside Rb1 increased glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, but decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Pretreatment with ginsenoside Rb1 enhanced the expression levels of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), total Nrf2, NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductases-1 (NQO-1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/Nrf2 complex. Therefore, ginsenoside Rb1 effectively alleviates TP-induced cytotoxicity in HL-7702 cells through activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulinyue Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Longtai You
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chunjing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaixin Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Manting Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dongge Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchen Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxv Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xingbin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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4
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Liu D, Qin S, Su D, Wang K, Huang Y, Huang Y, Pang Y. Metabolic Reprogramming of the Right Ventricle and Pulmonary Arteries in a Flow-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Rat Model. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:1273-1287. [PMID: 35036789 PMCID: PMC8757344 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex devastating disease relevant to remarkable metabolic dysregulation. Although various research studies on PAH from a metabolic perspective have been emerging, pathogenesis of PAH varies in different categories. Research on metabolic reprogramming in flow-associated PAH remains insufficient. An untargeted metabolomic profiling platform was used to evaluate the metabolic profile of pulmonary arteries (PAs) as well as the right ventricle (RV) in a flow-associated PAH rat model in the present work. A total of 79 PAs and 128 RV metabolites were significantly altered in PAH rats, among which 39 metabolites were assessed as shared dysregulated metabolites in PAs and the RV. Pathway analysis elucidated that, in PAs of PAH rats, pathways of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis and linoleic acid metabolism were significantly altered, while in the RV, arginine biosynthesis and linoleic acid metabolism were altered dramatically. Further integrated analysis of shared dysregulated PA and RV metabolites demonstrated that the linoleic acid metabolism and the arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism were the key pathways involved in the pathogenesis of flow-associated PAH. Results obtained from the present work indicate that the PAH pathogenesis could be mediated by widespread metabolic reprogramming. In particular, the dysregulation of AA metabolism may considerably contribute to the development of high blood flow-associated PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Liu
- Department
of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Suyuan Qin
- Department
of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Danyan Su
- Department
of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department
of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Department
of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Yanyun Huang
- Department
of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yuqin Huang
- Department
of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yusheng Pang
- Department
of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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5
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Hawn MB, Akin E, Hartzell H, Greenwood IA, Leblanc N. Molecular mechanisms of activation and regulation of ANO1-Encoded Ca 2+-Activated Cl - channels. Channels (Austin) 2021; 15:569-603. [PMID: 34488544 PMCID: PMC8480199 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2021.1975411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+-activated Cl- channels (CaCCs) perform a multitude of functions including the control of cell excitability, regulation of cell volume and ionic homeostasis, exocrine and endocrine secretion, fertilization, amplification of olfactory sensory function, and control of smooth muscle cell contractility. CaCCs are the translated products of two members (ANO1 and ANO2, also known as TMEM16A and TMEM16B) of the Anoctamin family of genes comprising ten paralogs. This review focuses on recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of ANO1 by cytoplasmic Ca2+, post-translational modifications, and how the channel protein interacts with membrane lipids and protein partners. After first reviewing the basic properties of native CaCCs, we then present a brief historical perspective highlighting controversies about their molecular identity in native cells. This is followed by a summary of the fundamental biophysical and structural properties of ANO1. We specifically address whether the channel is directly activated by internal Ca2+ or indirectly through the intervention of the Ca2+-binding protein Calmodulin (CaM), and the structural domains responsible for Ca2+- and voltage-dependent gating. We then review the regulation of ANO1 by internal ATP, Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-(CaMKII)-mediated phosphorylation and phosphatase activity, membrane lipids such as the phospholipid phosphatidyl-(4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2), free fatty acids and cholesterol, and the cytoskeleton. The article ends with a survey of physical and functional interactions of ANO1 with other membrane proteins such as CLCA1/2, inositol trisphosphate and ryanodine receptors in the endoplasmic reticulum, several members of the TRP channel family, and the ancillary Κ+ channel β subunits KCNE1/5.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. B. Hawn
- Department of Pharmacology and Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, United States
| | - E. Akin
- Department of Pharmacology and Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, United States
| | - H.C. Hartzell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, USA
| | - I. A. Greenwood
- Department of Vascular Pharmacology, St. George’s University of London, UK
| | - N. Leblanc
- Department of Pharmacology and Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, United States
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6
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Bai W, Liu M, Xiao Q. The diverse roles of TMEM16A Ca 2+-activated Cl - channels in inflammation. J Adv Res 2021; 33:53-68. [PMID: 34603778 PMCID: PMC8463915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) Ca2+-activated Cl- channels have diverse physiological functions, such as epithelial secretion of Cl- and fluid and sensation of pain. Recent studies have demonstrated that TMEM16A contributes to the pathogenesis of infectious and non-infectious inflammatory diseases. However, the role of TMEM16A in inflammation has not been clearly elucidated. Aim of review In this review, we aimed to provide comprehensive information regarding the roles of TMEM16A in inflammation by summarizing the mechanisms underlying TMEM16A expression and activation under inflammatory conditions, in addition to exploring the diverse inflammatory signaling pathways activated by TMEM16A. This review attempts to develop the idea that TMEM16A plays a diverse role in inflammatory processes and contributes to inflammatory diseases in a cellular environment-dependent manner. Key scientific concepts of review Multiple inflammatory mediators, including cytokines (e.g., interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-6), histamine, bradykinin, and ATP/UTP, as well as bacterial and viral infections, promote TMEM16A expression and/or activity under inflammatory conditions. In addition, TMEM16A activates diverse inflammatory signaling pathways, including the IP3R-mediated Ca2+ signaling pathway, the NF-κB signaling pathway, and the ERK signaling pathway, and contributes to the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. These diseases include airway inflammatory diseases, lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction, acute pancreatitis, and steatohepatitis. TMEM16A also plays multiple roles in inflammatory processes by increasing vascular permeability and leukocyte adhesion, promoting inflammatory cytokine release, and sensing inflammation-induced pain. Furthermore, TMEM16A plays its diverse pathological roles in different inflammatory diseases depending on the disease severity, proliferating status of the cells, and its interacting partners. We herein propose cellular environment-dependent mechanisms that explain the diverse roles of TMEM16A in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qinghuan Xiao
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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Liu Y, Liu Z, Wang K. The Ca 2+-activated chloride channel ANO1/TMEM16A: An emerging therapeutic target for epithelium-originated diseases? Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1412-1433. [PMID: 34221860 PMCID: PMC8245819 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anoctamin 1 (ANO1) or TMEM16A gene encodes a member of Ca2+ activated Cl– channels (CaCCs) that are critical for physiological functions, such as epithelial secretion, smooth muscle contraction and sensory signal transduction. The attraction and interest in ANO1/TMEM16A arise from a decade long investigations that abnormal expression or dysfunction of ANO1 is involved in many pathological phenotypes and diseases, including asthma, neuropathic pain, hypertension and cancer. However, the lack of specific modulators of ANO1 has impeded the efforts to validate ANO1 as a therapeutic target. This review focuses on the recent progress made in understanding of the pathophysiological functions of CaCC ANO1 and the current modulators used as pharmacological tools, hopefully illustrating a broad spectrum of ANO1 channelopathy and a path forward for this target validation.
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Key Words
- ANO1
- ANO1, anoctamin-1
- ASM, airway smooth muscle
- Ang II, angiotensin II
- BBB, blood–brain barrier
- CAMK, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase
- CF, cystic fibrosis
- CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
- Ca2+-activated Cl– channels (CaCCs)
- CaCCinh-A01
- CaCCs, Ca2+ activated chloride channels
- Cancer
- Cystic fibrosis
- DRG, dorsal root ganglion
- Drug target
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ENaC, epithelial sodium channels
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- FRT, fisher rat thyroid
- GI, gastrointestinal
- GIST, gastrointestinal stromal tumor
- GPCR, G-protein coupled receptor
- HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
- HTS, high-throughput screening
- ICC, interstitial cells of Cajal
- IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- NF-κB, nuclear factor κB
- PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension
- PAR2, protease activated receptor 2
- PASMC, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells
- PIP2, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
- PKD, polycystic kidney disease
- T16Ainh-A01
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- TMEM16A
- VGCC, voltage gated calcium channel
- VRAC, volume regulated anion channel
- VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cells
- YFP, yellow fluorescent protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266073, China
- Institute of Innovative Drugs, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Zongtao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Qingdao 266041, China
| | - KeWei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266073, China
- Institute of Innovative Drugs, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
- Corresponding authors.
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Liu G, Fu D, Tian H, Dai A. The mechanism of ions in pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ 2021; 11:2045894020987948. [PMID: 33614016 PMCID: PMC7869166 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020987948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension(PH)is a kind of hemodynamic and pathophysiological state, in which the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) rises above a certain threshold. The main pathological manifestation is pulmonary vasoconstriction and remodelling progressively. More and more studies have found that ions play a major role in the pathogenesis of PH. Many vasoactive substances, inflammatory mediators, transcription-inducing factors, apoptosis mediators, redox substances and translation modifiers can control the concentration of ions inside and outside the cell by regulating the activity of ion channels, which can regulate vascular contraction, cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, inflammation and other functions. We all know that there are no effective drugs to treat PH. Ions are involved in the occurrence and development of PH, so it is necessary to clarify the mechanism of ions in PH as a therapeutic target for PH. The main ions involved in PH are calcium ion (Ca2+), potassium ion (K+), sodium ion (Na+) and chloride ion (Cl-). Here, we mainly discuss the distribution of these ions and their channels in pulmonary arteries and their role in the pathogenesis of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guogu Liu
- Department of Graduate School, University of South China,
Hengyang, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Daiyan Fu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Heshen Tian
- Department of Graduate School, University of South China,
Hengyang, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese
Medicine, Changsha, China
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