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Liu L, Xue W. Thalidomide suppresses migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting HOXB7-mediated activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14434. [PMID: 38230780 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Heaps of studies have verified the effects of thalidomide (THA) on colorectal cancer (CRC). Howbeit, the corresponding mechanism awaits illustration, which is the foothold of this study. Following the treatment of 0, 1.94, 7.75, or 19.36 μM THA, CRC cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were evaluated by methyl tetrazolium, flow cytometry, wound-healing, and transwell assays. Homeobox B7 (HOXB7) expression in CRC was analyzed and detected by bioinformatics analysis, quantitative real-time PCR or western blot. After the corresponding transfection or treatment with inhibitor of catenin-responsive transcription-3 (iCRT-3), abovementioned CRC cell biological behaviors as well as expression levels of HOXB7 and β-catenin were evaluated. 7.75 and 19.36 μM THA dwindled CRC cell viability, migration, and invasion, and facilitated apoptosis. HOXB7 upregulation was detected in CRC cells, which promoted the viability, migration, invasion, and β-catenin expression, and weakened the apoptosis of CRC cells. Also, HOXB7 upregulation counteracted the effects of THA on CRC cells. iCRT-3 restrained β-catenin expression, viability, migration, and invasion, whereas promoting the apoptosis of CRC cells. In addition, iCRT-3 antagonized the effects of overexpressed HOXB7 on CRC cells. THA inhibits the migration and invasion of CRC cells, which is achieved by suppressing HOXB7-mediated activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Liu
- Department of Anoretal, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wusong Xue
- Department of Anoretal, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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2
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Tawfik NM, Teiama MS, Iskandar SS, Osman A, Hammad SF. A Novel Nanoemulsion Formula for an Improved Delivery of a Thalidomide Analogue to Triple-Negative Breast Cancer; Synthesis, Formulation, Characterization and Molecular Studies. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:1219-1243. [PMID: 36937550 PMCID: PMC10016366 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s385166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thalidomide (THD) and its analogues were recently reported as a promising treatment for different types of solid tumors due to their antiangiogenic effect. Methods In this work, we synthesized a novel THD analogue (TA), and its chemistry was confirmed with different techniques such as IR, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis as well as 1H and 13C NMR. To increase solubility and anticancer efficacy, a new oil in water (O/W) nanoemulsion (NE) was used in the formulation of the analogue. The novel formula's surface charge, size, stability, FTIR, FE-TEM, in vitro drug release and physical characteristics were investigated. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were conducted to predict the possible binding modes and molecular interactions behind the inhibitory activities of the THD and TA. Results TA showed a significant cytotoxic activity with IC50 ranging from 0.326 to 43.26 µmol/mL when evaluated against cancerous cells such as MCF-7, HepG2, Caco-2, LNCaP and RKO cell lines. The loaded analogue showed more potential cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7-ADR cell lines with IC50 values of 0.0293 and 0.0208 nmol/mL, respectively. Moreover, flow cytometry of cell cycle analysis and apoptosis were performed showing a suppression in the expression levels of TGF-β, MCL-1, VEGF, TNF-α, STAT3 and IL-6 in the MDA-MB-231 cell line. Conclusion The novel NE formula dramatically reduced the anticancer dosage of TA from micromolar efficiency to nanomolar efficiency. This indicates that the synthesized analogue exhibited high potency in the NE formulation and proved its efficacy against triple-negative breast cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noran M Tawfik
- Biotechnology Program, Basic and Applied Sciences Institute, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Teiama
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Sameh Samir Iskandar
- Fellow and Head of Surgical Oncology Department, Ismailia Teaching Oncology Hospital (GOTHI), Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Osman
- Biotechnology Program, Basic and Applied Sciences Institute, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif F Hammad
- PharmD Programs, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Zhang Z, Zhou L, Xie N, Nice EC, Zhang T, Cui Y, Huang C. Overcoming cancer therapeutic bottleneck by drug repurposing. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:113. [PMID: 32616710 PMCID: PMC7331117 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00213-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ever present hurdles for the discovery of new drugs for cancer therapy have necessitated the development of the alternative strategy of drug repurposing, the development of old drugs for new therapeutic purposes. This strategy with a cost-effective way offers a rare opportunity for the treatment of human neoplastic disease, facilitating rapid clinical translation. With an increased understanding of the hallmarks of cancer and the development of various data-driven approaches, drug repurposing further promotes the holistic productivity of drug discovery and reasonably focuses on target-defined antineoplastic compounds. The "treasure trove" of non-oncology drugs should not be ignored since they could target not only known but also hitherto unknown vulnerabilities of cancer. Indeed, different from targeted drugs, these old generic drugs, usually used in a multi-target strategy may bring benefit to patients. In this review, aiming to demonstrate the full potential of drug repurposing, we present various promising repurposed non-oncology drugs for clinical cancer management and classify these candidates into their proposed administration for either mono- or drug combination therapy. We also summarize approaches used for drug repurposing and discuss the main barriers to its uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Tao Zhang
- The School of Biological Science and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, 610083, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, 610051, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yongping Cui
- Cancer Institute, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, and Cancer Institute, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen, 518035, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Pathology & Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research on Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Chengdu, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China.
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Sun Y, Li L, Li X, Zhang L, Wang X, Fu X, Sun Z, Zhang X, Li Z, Wu J, Yu H, Chang Y, Yan J, Wu X, Zhou Z, Nan F, Tian L, Zhang M. Outcomes of GDPT (gemcitabine, cisplatin, prednisone, thalidomide) versus CHOP in newly diagnosed peripheral T-cell lymphoma patients. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920923829. [PMID: 32550864 PMCID: PMC7278096 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920923829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare the outcomes of GDPT [gemcitabine (G), cisplatin (D), prednisone
(P), thalidomide (T)] versus CHOP (cyclophosphamide,
doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) in treating newly diagnosed PTCL
(peripheral T-cell lymphoma). Methods: An open-label prospective clinical trial with 153 newly diagnosed PTCL
patients conducted between January 2010 and December 2018 was designed.
Patients were randomly assigned to the GDPT (77 cases) and CHOP (76 cases)
groups. Patients in each group were further divided into four subgroups:
PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS); anaplastic large cell lymphoma
(ALCL), angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL), and other types subgroup,
in accordance with pathological patterns. Based on expression of
RRM1, TOP2A, TUBB3, and ERCC1,
patients were divided into groups with high and low gene expression levels.
Clinical characteristics, side effects, efficacy, progression-free survival
(PFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared. Results: There were no significant differences in the basic clinical features or side
effects between the GDPT and CHOP groups. The overall response rate (ORR) of
the GDPT group was better than that of the CHOP group (66.3%
versus 50.0%, p = 0.042), as was the
complete remission (CR) rate (42.9% versus 27.6%,
p = 0.049). Patients in the GDPT group had a longer PFS
and OS than the CHOP group. The 4-year PFS and OS rates in the GDPT group
were both superior to those in the CHOP group (63.6% versus
53.0% for PFS, p = 0.035; 66.8% versus
53.6% for OS, p = 0.039). In the GDPT group, the difference
in CR between the four subgroups was statistically significant
(p = 0.046). In the CHOP group, differences in both CR
and ORR among the four subgroups were statistically significant
(p < 0.001 and p = 0.005,
respectively). There were also statistically significant differences in CR
between patients treated with CHOP and GDPT in the PTCL-NOS subgroup, AITL
subgroup, and the other types subgroup (p = 0.015;
p = 0.003; p = 0.005, respectively).
The data also showed a significant difference in OS among the four subgroups
within the GDPT group (p = 0.001). The OS of AITL was
shorter than that of the other three subgroups. Four subgroups of CHOP
showed a significant difference in PFS (p = 0.019). There
was no statistical association between responses and the gene expression
levels of RRM1, ERCC1, TUBB3, and
TOP2A. Conclusion: The GDPT group had better response rates and prolonged patient PFS and OS. As
a promising new regimen, GDPT is expected to become the first-line therapy
for PTCL. New agents should be applied to patients who do not achieve good
responses with previous treatment, such as those diagnosed with
angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma. Trial registration: This open randomized prospective clinical trial was registered at
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01664975).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaorui Fu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhenchang Sun
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiaqin Yan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhou
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Feifei Nan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 6th Floor, Building 10, No.1 Construction East Road, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
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Old wine in new bottles: Drug repurposing in oncology. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 866:172784. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zhang J, Xu R, Wu L, Jiang J. Expression and function of Toll‑like receptors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3565-3572. [PMID: 31485664 PMCID: PMC6755152 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. Toll‑like receptors (TLRs) are involved in non‑specific immunity. In the present study, the roles of TLRs in AS were investigated. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). The expression levels of TLRs and nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) signaling‑associated factors were determined via RT‑qPCR and western blot analyses. It was observed that the levels of interleukin (IL)‑6, tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α), C‑reactive protein, TLR4 and TLR5 were increased in patients with AS, whereas those of IL‑10 and TLR3 were decreased. Pomalidomide, a TNF‑α release inhibitor, reduced the expression of IL‑6, TNF‑α, TLR4, TLR5 and phosphorylated‑p65, and upregulated that of IL‑10, TLR3 and p65 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with AS. Treatment of patients with infliximab, an anti‑TNF‑α monoclonal antibody, induced similar effects in vivo. In conclusion, it was revealed that inhibition of TNF‑α suppressed inflammatory responses in patients with AS, increased the expression of TLR3 and decreased NF‑κB signaling, and the expression of TLR4 and TLR5. The results indicated that TLRs and the NF‑κB signaling pathway were involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses in AS. These findings provided insight into the mechanisms underlying the development of AS and potential novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Mingzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
| | - Rongming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Mingzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Mingzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
| | - Jihong Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Mingzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
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7
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Chen LX, Ni XL, Zhang H, Wu M, Liu J, Xu S, Yang LL, Fu SZ, Wu J. Preparation, characterization, in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effect of thalidomide nanoparticles on lung cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:2463-2476. [PMID: 29719394 PMCID: PMC5922239 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s159327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Thalidomide (THA) is an angiogenesis inhibitor and an efficient inhibitor of the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). However, the clinical application of THA has been limited due to hydrophobicity of the compound. Materials and methods To increase the water solubility of THA and in order to evaluate the anticancer abilities of this material on human lung carcinoma, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles loaded with THA (THA-NPs) were prepared. The synthesis of THA-NPs was carried out via a dialysis method with relative satisfactory encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, size distribution, and zeta potential. Results A cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that THA-NPs inhibited the growth of cells in a dose-dependent manner. The evaluation of anti-tumor activity in vivo showed that THA-NPs could inhibit tumor growth and prolong the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that THA-NPs inhibited cell proliferation (Ki-67 positive rate, 32.8%±4.2%, P<0.01), and resulted in a decreased rate of the tumor tissue microvessel density (3.87%±0.77%, P<0.01), VEGF (26.67%±4.02%, P<0.01), and TNF-α (75.21±6.85 ng/mL, P<0.01). Conclusion In general, the drug delivery system reported herein may shed light on future targeted therapy in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Xia Chen
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Ling Ni
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Lin Yang
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao Zhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Wu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
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Cao DD, Xu HL, Liu L, Zheng YF, Gao SF, Xu XM, Ge W. Thalidomide combined with transcatheter artierial chemoembolzation for primary hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:44976-44993. [PMID: 28402958 PMCID: PMC5546534 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and thalidomide have been used for treating primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of thalidomide and TACE in primary HCC. METHODS Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) about efficacy and safety of thalidomide combined with TACE for primary HCC were identified from the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, CNKI, and Wan Fang until August, 2016. The retrieved trials were reviewed and the data were extracted by two reviewers, independently. Combined analyses of survival rates, overall response rate(ORR), disease control rate(DCR), changes of KPS, parameters of cellular immunity and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), and adverse events were performed using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS A total of 23 RCTs involving 1836 patients were included. The results showed that thalidomide plus TACE was significantly superior in increasing 6-month survival rate(OR=1.79, 95% CI:1.02-3.15, P=0.04), 1-year survival rate(OR=1.76, 95% CI:1.38-2.24, P<0.0001), 1.5-year survival rate(OR=4.72, 95% CI:2.64-8.43, P<0.001), 2-year survival rate(OR=1.78, 95% CI:1.37-2.30, P<0.001), ORR(OR=1.89, 95% CI:1.48-2.42, P<0.0001), DCR(OR=2.62, 95% CI:1.90-3.63, P<0.001), improvement in cellular immunity(MD=0.63, 95% CI:0.45-0.80, P<0.0001), and reduction of VEGF(MD=-119.71, 95% CI:-135.75-103.68, P<0.0001), when compared with TACE group. The incidences of gastrointestinal reactions, myelosuppression, and liver dysfunction were similar between combination group and TACE group(P>0.05). However, compared to TACE, the combination of thalidomide and TACE had a higher incidence of drug rash(OR=6.35, 95% CI:2.75-14.68, P<0.0001). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that thalidomide combined with TACE shows better clinical efficacy and tolerable adverse events in patients with primary HCC when compared with TACE alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Dong Cao
- Department of Oncology, RenMin Hospital of WuHan University, WuHan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui-Lin Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Hospital of WuHan, WuHan, Hubei, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Fa Zheng
- Department of Oncology, RenMin Hospital of WuHan University, WuHan, Hubei, China
| | - Si-Fa Gao
- Department of Oncology, RenMin Hospital of WuHan University, WuHan, Hubei, China
| | - Xi-Ming Xu
- Department of Oncology, RenMin Hospital of WuHan University, WuHan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Department of Oncology, RenMin Hospital of WuHan University, WuHan, Hubei, China
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Zhang X, Luo H. Effects of thalidomide on growth and VEGF-A expression in SW480 colon cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:3313-3320. [PMID: 29435073 PMCID: PMC5778822 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic and hematogenous spread are the most common ways for tumors to metastasize. Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) particularly VEGF-A is important in the process of angiogenesis. The current research has indicated that thalidomide (THD) may be able to inhibit angiogenesis, stimulate the activity of the immune system and inhibit the adherence of cancer cells to stromal cells. These changes may lead to suppression of tumor occurrence and development. To date, to the best of our knowledge, the effects of THD on colon cancer SW480 cells have not been reported. In the present study, the effects of THD and a combination of THD and oxaliplatin (L-OHP) on the proliferation of SW480 cells have been investigated. Furthermore, the expression of VEGF-A and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) was analyzed using MTT assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The results indicated that THD was able to inhibit SW480 cells in dose-and-time dependent manner and inhibit the expression of VEGF-A and HIF-1α. Furthermore, treatment with THD and L-OHP had synergistic inhibitory effect, which may provide a novel treatment strategy for advanced colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Hesheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Poggi A, Varesano S, Zocchi MR. How to Hit Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Make the Tumor Microenvironment Immunostimulant Rather Than Immunosuppressive. Front Immunol 2018; 9:262. [PMID: 29515580 PMCID: PMC5825917 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental evidence indicates that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may regulate tumor microenvironment (TME). It is conceivable that the interaction with MSC can influence neoplastic cell functional behavior, remodeling TME and generating a tumor cell niche that supports tissue neovascularization, tumor invasion and metastasization. In addition, MSC can release transforming growth factor-beta that is involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of carcinoma cells; this transition is essential to give rise to aggressive tumor cells and favor cancer progression. Also, MSC can both affect the anti-tumor immune response and limit drug availability surrounding tumor cells, thus creating a sort of barrier. This mechanism, in principle, should limit tumor expansion but, on the contrary, often leads to the impairment of the immune system-mediated recognition of tumor cells. Furthermore, the cross-talk between MSC and anti-tumor lymphocytes of the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system strongly drives TME to become immunosuppressive. Indeed, MSC can trigger the generation of several types of regulatory cells which block immune response and eventually impair the elimination of tumor cells. Based on these considerations, it should be possible to favor the anti-tumor immune response acting on TME. First, we will review the molecular mechanisms involved in MSC-mediated regulation of immune response. Second, we will focus on the experimental data supporting that it is possible to convert TME from immunosuppressive to immunostimulant, specifically targeting MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Poggi
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Serena Varesano
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Raffaella Zocchi
- Division of Immunology, Transplants and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Intravesical Thalidomide boosts bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer treatment. Med Oncol 2017; 35:3. [PMID: 29209984 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-1067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of intravesical Thalidomide (immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic) added to BCG using an immune competent autochthonous orthotopic NMIBC animal model. Female Fischer 344 rats, 7 weeks of age, received every 2 weeks for four times, a dose of 1.5 mg/kg of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) intravesically. The rats were randomized into four groups (n = 10 per group) to receive intravesical treatment once a week for 6 weeks as follows: control (0.2 ml vehicle), BCG (2 × 106 CFU of Connaught strain in 0.2 ml), Thalidomide (20 mg/kg in 0.2 ml) and BCG-Thalidomide in 0.2 ml. At week 15, bladders were collected for histopathology, cell turnover index by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting quantification of 4E-BP1 and p70S6K1 for downstream mTOR proliferation signaling and HIF and VEGF for angiogenesis pathway. Thalidomide-BCG association showed a trend for normal histopathology and down-regulation of cell turnover, p70S6K1, HIF-1 and VEGF. 4E-BP1 was up-regulated by treatment, especially in the Thalidomide groups, supporting that its regulation occurs independently of p70S6K1 on mTOR pathway in NMIBC. Intravesical BCG-Thalidomide might represent a significant increment in NMIBC treatment, suggesting p70S6K1, HIF-1 and VEGF as potential molecular target candidates in a clinically relevant immune competent NMIBC model.
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Zou Y, Qiu G, Jiang L, Cai Z, Sun W, Hu H, Lu C, Jin W, Hu G. Overexpression of ubiquitin specific proteases 44 promotes the malignancy of glioma by stabilizing tumor-promoter securin. Oncotarget 2017; 8:58231-58246. [PMID: 28938551 PMCID: PMC5601647 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin specific peptidase 44 (USP44) has been identified as an important component of spindle assemble checkpoint (SAC) to prevent the formation of aneuploidy. However, recent study raised a controversy about the effect of USP44 in tumor. Here, we first confirmed the intranuclear localization of USP44 by testing several specific antibodies to recognize endogenous USP44. Then, data from IHC and qRT-PCR assay indicated that the high expression of USP44 existed in high-grade glioma tissues and signified a poor prognosis. Knockdown of USP44 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion, induced apoptosis, and arrested cell cycle in G2/M phase in the established glioma cell lines. Down-regulation of oncoprotein securin was detected in USP44 deficient cells, and the interaction of endogenous USP44 and securin was confirmed by immunoprecipitation in U251MG cells, which indicated that securin was a substrate of USP44, and might be stabilized by USP44. In vivo, knockdown of USP44 inhibited the tumorigenicity of U87MG cells significantly. Consequently, our findings suggested that overexpression of USP44 could enhance the malignancy of glioma via securin. USP44 might serve as a predictive biomarker, and the USP44-securin pathway might provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Guanzhong Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Jinan Military Command, Jinan, PR China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zheng Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hongkang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chengyin Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Weilin Jin
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Information and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Guohan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
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