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Zhu X, Zhang X, Shen J, Zheng S, Li H, Han B, Zhang C, Chen M, Sun Q, Wu J. Gut microbiota-dependent modulation of pre-metastatic niches by Jianpi Yangzheng decoction in the prevention of lung metastasis of gastric cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155413. [PMID: 38513377 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-metastasis efficacy of Jianpi Yangzheng (JPYZ) decoction against gastric cancer (GC) and its potential mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The distant metastasis of GC cells administered via tail vein injection was assessed using the pre-metastatic niche (PMN) model. 16S rRNA sequencing and GC-MS/MS were applied to determine the component of the gut microbiota and content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of mice, respectively. The proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the lung was evaluated by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Serum or tissue levels of inflammation factors including IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-β were determined by ELISA or Western blot respectively. RESULTS Injecting GC cells into the tail vein of mice led to the development of lung metastases and also resulted in alterations in the composition of gut microbiota and the levels of SCFAs produced. Nevertheless, JPYZ treatment robustly impeded the effect of GC cells administration. Mechanically, JPYZ treatment not only prevented the alteration in gut microbiota structure, but also restored the SCFAs content induced by GC cells administration. Specifically, JPYZ treatment recovered the relative abundance of genera Moryella, Helicobacter, Lachnoclostridium, Streptococcus, Tuzzerella, GCA-900066575, uncultured_Lachnospiraceae, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and uncultured_bacterium_Muribaculaceae to near the normal control levels. In addition, JPYZ abrogated MDSCs accumulation in the lung tissue and blocked inflammation factors overproduction in the serum and lung tissues, which subsequently impede the formation of the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Correlation analysis revealed that the prevalence of Rikenellaceae in the model group exhibited a positive correlation with MDSCs proportion and inflammation factor levels. Conversely, the scarcity of Muribaculaceae in the model group showed a negative correlation with these parameters. This suggests that JPYZ might exert an influence on the gut microbiota and their metabolites, such as SCFAs, potentially regulating the formation of the PMN and consequently impacting the outcome of GC metastasis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that GC cells facilitate metastasis by altering the gut microbiota composition, affecting the production of SCFAs, and recruiting MDSCs to create a pro-inflammatory pre-metastatic niche. JPYZ decoction counteracts this process by reshaping the gut microbiota structure, enhancing SCFA production, and inhibiting the formation of the pre-metastatic microenvironment, thereby exerting an anti-metastatic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Junyu Shen
- No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Shanshan Zheng
- No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Huaizhi Li
- No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Bo Han
- No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Cancan Zhang
- No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Menglin Chen
- No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Qingmin Sun
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
| | - Jian Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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Lee C, Lee S, Yoo W. Metabolic Interaction Between Host and the Gut Microbiota During High-Fat Diet-Induced Colorectal Cancer. J Microbiol 2024; 62:153-165. [PMID: 38625645 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-highest cause of cancer-associated mortality among both men and women worldwide. One of the risk factors for CRC is obesity, which is correlated with a high-fat diet prevalent in Western dietary habits. The association between an obesogenic high-fat diet and CRC has been established for several decades; however, the mechanisms by which a high-fat diet increases the risk of CRC remain unclear. Recent studies indicate that gut microbiota strongly influence the pathogenesis of both high-fat diet-induced obesity and CRC. The gut microbiota is composed of hundreds of bacterial species, some of which are implicated in CRC. In particular, the expansion of facultative anaerobic Enterobacteriaceae, which is considered a microbial signature of intestinal microbiota functional imbalance (dysbiosis), is associated with both high-fat diet-induced obesity and CRC. Here, we review the interaction between the gut microbiome and its metabolic byproducts in the context of colorectal cancer (CRC) during high-fat diet-induced obesity. In addition, we will cover how a high-fat diet can drive the expansion of genotoxin-producing Escherichia coli by altering intestinal epithelial cell metabolism during gut inflammation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeeun Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungrin Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Woongjae Yoo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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Yagi K, Lukacs NW, Huffnagle GB, Kato H, Asai N. Respiratory and Gut Microbiome Modification during Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: A Systematic Review. Viruses 2024; 16:220. [PMID: 38399997 PMCID: PMC10893256 DOI: 10.3390/v16020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection, especially in infants, and increases the risk of recurrent wheezing and asthma. Recently, researchers have proposed a possible association between respiratory diseases and microbiome alterations. However, this connection has not been fully established. Herein, we conducted a systematic literature review to evaluate the reported evidence of microbiome alterations in patients with RSV infection. METHODS The systematic literature review on the association between RSV and microbiome in humans was conducted by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and CINAHL from 2012 until February 2022. The results were analyzed qualitatively, focusing on the relationship between microbiome and RSV infection with available key microbiome-related parameters. RESULTS In the 405 articles identified by searching databases, 12 (Respiratory tract: 9, Gut: 2, Both: 1) articles in line with the research aims were eligible for this qualitative review. The types of samples for the respiratory tract microbiome and the sequencing methods utilized varied from study to study. This review revealed that the overall microbial composition in both the respiratory tract and gut in RSV-infected patients was different from that in healthy controls. Our generated results demonstrated an increase in the abundance of Haemophilus and Streptococcus, which could contribute to the distinctive separation based on the beta diversity in the respiratory tract. CONCLUSIONS The respiratory tract and gut microbiome changed in patients with RSV infection. Further research with a well-organized longitudinal design is warranted to clarify the impact of microbiome alterations on disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Yagi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (K.Y.); (N.W.L.)
| | - Nicholas W. Lukacs
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (K.Y.); (N.W.L.)
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Gary B. Huffnagle
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hideo Kato
- Department of Pharmacy, Mie University Hospital, Tsu 514-8507, Japan;
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Division of Clinical Medical Science, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Asai
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (K.Y.); (N.W.L.)
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Kato T, Kamiya S, Narasaki S, Sumii A, Tsutsumi YM, Machida K, Hara K, Izumi-Mishima Y, Tsutsumi R, Sakaue H. Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum Intake Supports the Gut Microbiota and Attenuates Inflammation during Influenza H1N1 Virus Infection in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:4252. [PMID: 37836536 PMCID: PMC10574490 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) is a soluble dietary fiber that is effective for defecation control. It influences the gut microbiota, by which it is metabolized to yield short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and it was also recently shown to protect against influenza infection in humans. We here investigated the effects of PHGG in a mouse model of influenza H1N1 virus infection. Eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed normal chow with or without PHGG (500 mg/kg per day) for 4 weeks, infected with H1N1 at 10 weeks of age, and analyzed at 12 weeks of age. Administration of PHGG attenuated the decline in body weight induced by H1N1 infection without affecting food intake. It also ameliorated intestinal atrophy and increased the production of SCFAs including acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid in the cecum, thereby preventing the inhibitory effect of H1N1 infection on SCFA production. The H1N1-induced increases in the serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines including interferon-γ and interleukin-6 and anti-inflammatory cytokine such as interleukin-10 were all inhibited by PHGG intake. In addition, PHGG administration attenuated inflammatory gene expression in the lung and promoted both natural killer cell activity and regulatory T-cell differentiation in the spleen. Our findings suggest that the consumption of PHGG may improve the gut environment and thereby limit the inflammatory response to H1N1 infection. They may thus provide the basis for novel dietary intervention strategies to suppress the excessive inflammation associated with virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kato
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kamiya
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Soshi Narasaki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Ayako Sumii
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Yasuo M. Tsutsumi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Kyoka Machida
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan
| | - Kanako Hara
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan
| | - Yuna Izumi-Mishima
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan
| | - Rie Tsutsumi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University Graduate School, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakaue
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan
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Bleyer A. Increasing Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults: Cancer Types and Causation Implications. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2023; 12:285-296. [PMID: 37074337 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2022.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to identify cancer incidence trends in the United States and globally in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) 15-39 years of age, by sex, and to speculate on causes for trend changes. Methods: For the United States, SEER*Stat was used to obtain average annual percent change (AAPC) trends in cancer incidence during the period 2000-2019 among 395,163 AYAs. For global data, the source was the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation and its sociodemographic index (SDI) classification system. Results: In the United States, the invasive cancer incidence increased during the period 2000-2019 in both females (AAPC: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.90-1.20, p << 0.001) and males (AAPC: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.43-0.69, p << 0.001). A total of 25 and 20 types of cancers increased statistically significantly in female and male AYAs, respectively. Among potential causes for the increases, the obesity epidemic in the United States strongly correlates with the overall cancer increase in both its female (Pearson correlation coefficient R2 = 0.88, p = 0.0007) and male (R2 = 0.83, p = 0.003) AYAs, as does the most common malignancy in American AYAs, breast cancer (R2 = 0.83, p = 0.003). Worldwide, cancer incidence in the age group increased steadily during the period 2000-2019 among high-middle, middle, and low-middle SDI countries, but not in low SDI countries and with slowing of increase in high SDI countries. Conclusions: The increases and their age-dependent profiles implicate several causations that are preventable, including obesity, overdiagnosis, unnecessary diagnostic radiation, human papilloma virus infection, and cannabis avoidance. The United States is beginning to reverse the increasing incidence, and prevention efforts should be augmented accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archie Bleyer
- Pediatric & Young Adult Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Bend, Oregon, USA
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
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6
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Datta S. The conundrum of bacteria-specific antibiotics. J Antimicrob Chemother 2023; 78:1354-1358. [PMID: 37144577 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a continual debate on the pros and cons of broad-spectrum versus pathogen-specific antibiotics. The unmet need for a solution for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has put this argument into sharper focus. A shortage of clinically differentiated antibiotics in late-stage clinical development coupled with the global unmet need in the face of the AMR onslaught has exacerbated the treatment options of drug-resistant bacterial infections. An added dimension to this problem is the current understanding of dysbiosis caused by antibiotics, often leading to negative fallout in immunocompromised patients. We attempt to deconstruct the nuances of this debate from an antibiotics discovery and a clinical standpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Datta
- Bugworks Research India Pvt Ltd, C-CAMP, NCBS, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
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7
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Gao C, Wang X, Yang B, Yuan W, Huang W, Wu G, Ma J. Synergistic Target of Intratumoral Microbiome and Tumor by Metronidazole-Fluorouridine Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2023; 17:7335-7351. [PMID: 37036121 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and experimental evidence confirmed bacterial infiltration in a variety of tumors, which is related to the progression and therapeutic effects of the tumors. Although the administration of antibiotics inhibits the growth of bacteria inside the tumor, systemic distribution of antibiotics induces an imbalance of other microbiomes in the body, which in turn leads to the development of new diseases. To address this clinical challenge, we nanonized an antibiotic in this study. Metronidazole, an antibiotic against broad anaerobes, was linked to fluorouridine to form an amphiphilic small molecule, metronidazole-fluorouridine, which further autoassembled as metronidazole-fluorouridine nanoparticles (MTI-FDU) in a hydrophilic solution. The disulfide bond in the linker cleaves in response to high levels of glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment. The synergistic antitumor effect of MTI-FDU was observed in two animal models of gut cancer with intratumoral bacteria. Analysis revealed that metronidazole delivered by nanoparticles attacked bacteria inside the tumor, while it had minimal effect on gut microbial homeostasis. Further experiments at the cellular and molecular levels disclosed that MTI-FDU shaped the tumor immune microenvironment through clearance of bacteria and bacterial products. In conclusion, we achieved a synergistic antitumor effect by a dual target of both the intratumoral microbiome and tumor cells. Antibiotic-composed nanoparticles have a clinical advantage in the treatment of tumors with bacteria infiltration, which kill pro-tumor bacteria efficiently as well as keep a balanced microbiota of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Gao
- Department of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Xijun Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoju Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
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8
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Xia C, Su J, Liu C, Mai Z, Yin S, Yang C, Fu L. Human microbiomes in cancer development and therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e221. [PMID: 36860568 PMCID: PMC9969057 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colonies formed by bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viral groups and their genomes, metabolites, and expressed proteins constitute complex human microbiomes. An increasing evidences showed that carcinogenesis and disease progression were link to microbiomes. Different organ sources, their microbial species, and their metabolites are different; the mechanisms of carcinogenic or procancerous are also different. Here, we summarize how microbiomes contribute to carcinogenesis and disease progression in cancers of the skin, mouth, esophagus, lung, gastrointestinal, genital, blood, and lymph malignancy. We also insight into the molecular mechanisms of triggering, promoting, or inhibiting carcinogenesis and disease progress induced by microbiomes or/and their secretions of bioactive metabolites. And then, the strategies of application of microorganisms in cancer treatment were discussed in detail. However, the mechanisms by which human microbiomes function are still poorly understood. The bidirectional interactions between microbiotas and endocrine systems need to be clarified. Probiotics and prebiotics are believed to benefit human health via a variety of mechanisms, in particular, in tumor inhibition. It is largely unknown how microbial agents cause cancer or how cancer progresses. We expect this review may open new perspectives on possible therapeutic approaches of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiyan Su
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Can Liu
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhikai Mai
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuanghong Yin
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chuansheng Yang
- Department of Head‐Neck and Breast SurgeryYuebei People's Hospital of Shantou UniversityShaoguanChina
| | - Liwu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
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9
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Gilbert B, Kaiko G, Smith S, Wark P. A systematic review of the colorectal microbiome in adult cystic fibrosis patients. Colorectal Dis 2023; 25:843-852. [PMID: 36598333 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary, life-limiting, multi-system condition that results in chronic respiratory infections, pancreatic insufficiency and intestinal inflammation. Evidence indicates that CF patients develop colorectal cancer (CRC) earlier and more often than the general population. Intestinal dysbiosis resulting from genetics and CF treatment is a contributing factor. This systematic review aims to evaluate the literature to compare the microbiome of adult CF patients to non-CF patients and to assess if these changes correspond with known CRC microbiome alterations. METHODS A systematic review across five databases was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies focusing on adult CF patients using next generation sequencing and with appropriate non-CF controls were included. Two reviewers independently screened results and assessed study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS The search generated 2757 results. 118 studies were retained after reviewing the title/abstract and full article review found five studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies consistently showed reduced microbial diversity in CF patients and unique clustering between CF and control cohorts. Thirty-four genera and 27 species were differently expressed between CF and controls. The CF cohort had a reduced number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing bacteria and a higher abundance of bacteria associated with CRC compared to controls. CONCLUSION There was substantial heterogeneity across all the studies with regard to methodologies and reporting. However, all studies consistently found CF patients had reduced microbial diversity, fewer SCFA producing bacteria and increased CRC-associated bacteria. Further prospective studies employing consistent multi-omics approaches are needed to improve our understanding of the CF gut microbiome and its involvement in early onset CRC. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This is the first systematic review to assess adult CF colorectal microbiome changes. This study shows CF patients have reduced SCFA producing bacteria and increased CRC-associated bacteria compared to non-CF patients and may help to explain the increased risk of CRC in the CF cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent Gilbert
- University of Newcastle, School of Medicine, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gerard Kaiko
- University of Newcastle, School of Medicine, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen Smith
- University of Newcastle, School of Medicine, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Wark
- University of Newcastle, School of Medicine, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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10
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Li X, Xin S, Zheng X, Lou L, Ye S, Li S, Wu Q, Ding Q, Ji L, Nan C, Lou Y. Inhibition of the Occurrence and Development of Inflammation-Related Colorectal Cancer by Fucoidan Extracted from Sargassum fusiforme. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:9463-9476. [PMID: 35858119 PMCID: PMC9354242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan has many biological activities, including the inhibitory effect on the development of various cancer types. This study showed that lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in FHC cells (normal human colonic epithelial cells) could be reversed using fucoidan at different concentrations. The fucoidan-induced anti-inflammatory effect was also confirmed through in vivo experiments in mice. Compared to the mice of the model group, the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in feces increased and the diversity of gut microbial composition was restored in mice after fucoidan intervention. In colorectal cancer (CRC) cells DLD-1 and SW480, fucoidan inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. It also blocked the cell cycle of DLD-1 and SW480 at the G0/G1 phase. The animal model of inflammation-related CRC showed that the incidence of tumors in mice was significantly reduced by fucoidan intervention. Furthermore, the administration of fucoidan decreased the expression levels of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α IL-6 and IL-1β in the colonic tissues. Therefore, fucoidan can effectively prevent the development of colitis-associated CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Wenzhou
Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory
Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine
and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Colorectal
Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shijun Xin
- Wenzhou
Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory
Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine
and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Colorectal
Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zheng
- Wenzhou
Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory
Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine
and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Colorectal
Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liqin Lou
- Wenzhou
Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory
Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine
and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Colorectal
Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiqing Ye
- Wenzhou
Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory
Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine
and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Colorectal
Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengkai Li
- Wenzhou
Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory
Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine
and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Colorectal
Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qilong Wu
- Wenzhou
Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory
Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine
and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Colorectal
Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingyong Ding
- Wenzhou
Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory
Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine
and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Colorectal
Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Ji
- Colorectal
Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunrong Nan
- Wenzhou
Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory
Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine
and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou
Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory
Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine
and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Colorectal
Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Gu W, Yang X, Yang M, Han K, Pan W, Zhu Z. MarkerGenie: an NLP-enabled text-mining system for biomedical entity relation extraction. BIOINFORMATICS ADVANCES 2022; 2:vbac035. [PMID: 36699388 PMCID: PMC9710573 DOI: 10.1093/bioadv/vbac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Motivation Natural language processing (NLP) tasks aim to convert unstructured text data (e.g. articles or dialogues) to structured information. In recent years, we have witnessed fundamental advances of NLP technique, which has been widely used in many applications such as financial text mining, news recommendation and machine translation. However, its application in the biomedical space remains challenging due to a lack of labeled data, ambiguities and inconsistencies of biological terminology. In biomedical marker discovery studies, tools that rely on NLP models to automatically and accurately extract relations of biomedical entities are valuable as they can provide a more thorough survey of all available literature, hence providing a less biased result compared to manual curation. In addition, the fast speed of machine reader helps quickly orient research and development. Results To address the aforementioned needs, we developed automatic training data labeling, rule-based biological terminology cleaning and a more accurate NLP model for binary associative and multi-relation prediction into the MarkerGenie program. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methods in identifying relations between biomedical entities on various benchmark datasets and case studies. Availability and implementation MarkerGenie is available at https://www.genegeniedx.com/markergenie/. Data for model training and evaluation, term lists of biomedical entities, details of the case studies and all trained models are provided at https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/14RypiIfIr3W_K-mNIAx9BNtObHSZoAyn?usp=sharing. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Gu
- College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,GeneGenieDx Corp, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
| | - Xiao Yang
- GeneGenieDx Corp, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
| | - Minhao Yang
- College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Kun Han
- GeneGenieDx Corp, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
| | | | - Zexuan Zhu
- College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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12
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Mousa WK, Chehadeh F, Husband S. Recent Advances in Understanding the Structure and Function of the Human Microbiome. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:825338. [PMID: 35185849 PMCID: PMC8851206 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.825338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Trillions of microbes live within our bodies in a deep symbiotic relationship. Microbial populations vary across body sites, driven by differences in the environment, immunological factors, and interactions between microbial species. Major advances in genome sequencing enable a better understanding of microbiome composition. However, most of the microbial taxa and species of the human microbiome are still unknown. Without revealing the identity of these microbes as a first step, we cannot appreciate their role in human health and diseases. A shift in the microbial balance, termed dysbiosis, is linked to a broad range of diseases from simple colitis and indigestion to cancer and dementia. The last decade has witnessed an explosion in microbiome research that led to a better understanding of the microbiome structure and function. This understanding leads to potential opportunities to develop next-generation microbiome-based drugs and diagnostic biomarkers. However, our understanding is limited given the highly personalized nature of the microbiome and its complex and multidirectional interactions with the host. In this review, we discuss: (1) our current knowledge of microbiome structure and factors that shape the microbial composition, (2) recent associations between microbiome dysbiosis and diseases, and (3) opportunities of new microbiome-based therapeutics. We analyze common themes, promises, gaps, and challenges of the microbiome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa K. Mousa
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biology, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA, United States
- College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Fadia Chehadeh
- Department of Biology, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA, United States
| | - Shannon Husband
- Department of Biology, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA, United States
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13
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Golčić M, Simetić L, Majnarić T, Golčić G, Herceg D. Could fecal microbial transplantation offer a new potential in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma? Med Hypotheses 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2022.110801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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14
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Woodall CA, McGeoch LJ, Hay AD, Hammond A. Respiratory tract infections and gut microbiome modifications: A systematic review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262057. [PMID: 35025938 PMCID: PMC8757905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are extremely common and can cause gastrointestinal tract symptoms and changes to the gut microbiota, yet these effects are poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the reported evidence of gut microbiome alterations in patients with a RTI compared to healthy controls (PROSPERO: CRD42019138853). We systematically searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane and the Clinical Trial Database for studies published between January 2015 and June 2021. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were human cohorts describing the gut microbiome in patients with an RTI compared to healthy controls and the infection was caused by a viral or bacterial pathogen. Dual data screening and extraction with narrative synthesis was performed. We identified 1,593 articles and assessed 11 full texts for inclusion. Included studies (some nested) reported gut microbiome changes in the context of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (n = 5), influenza (H1N1 and H7N9) (n = 2), Tuberculosis (TB) (n = 4), Community-Acquired Pneumonia CAP (n = 2) and recurrent RTIs (rRTI) (n = 1) infections. We found studies of patients with an RTI compared to controls reported a decrease in gut microbiome diversity (Shannon) of 1.45 units (95% CI, 0.15-2.50 [p, <0.0001]) and a lower abundance of taxa (p, 0.0086). Meta-analysis of the Shannon value showed considerable heterogeneity between studies (I2, 94.42). Unbiased analysis displayed as a funnel plot revealed a depletion of Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Ruminococcus and enrichment of Enterococcus. There was an important absence in the lack of cohort studies reporting gut microbiome changes and high heterogeneity between studies may be explained by variations in microbiome methods and confounder effects. Further human cohort studies are needed to understand RTI-induced gut microbiome changes to better understand interplay between microbes and respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire A. Woodall
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Luke J. McGeoch
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair D. Hay
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley Hammond
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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15
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Voskarides K. An evolutionary explanation for antibiotics’ association with increased colon cancer risk. Evol Med Public Health 2022; 10:214-220. [PMID: 35539898 PMCID: PMC9081870 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 10 studies have confirmed the association of antibiotic overuse with colorectal cancer. The exact cause is unknown, but most authors hypothesize that disturbance of colon microbiota is the main culprit. In this commentary, an evolutionary explanation is proposed. It is well known that antibiotics can induce antibiotic resistance in bacteria through selection of mutators—DNA mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) strains. Mutators have an increased survival potential due to their high mutagenesis rate. Antibiotics can also cause stress in human cells. Selection of dMMR colon cells may be advantageous under this stress, mimicking selection of bacterial mutators. Concomitantly, mismatch repair deficiency is a common cause of cancer, this may explain the increased cancer risk after multiple cycles of oral antibiotics. This proposed rationale is described in detail, along with supporting evidence from the peer-reviewed literature and suggestions for testing hypothesis validity. Treatment schemes could be re-evaluated, considering toxicity and somatic selection mechanisms. Lay Summary The association of antibiotics with colon cancer is well established but of unknown cause. Under an evolutionary framework, antibiotics may select for stress-resistant cancerous cells that lack mechanisms for DNA mismatch repair (MMR). This mimics the selection of antibiotic resistant ‘mutators’—MMR-deficient micro-organisms—highly adaptive due to their increased mutagenesis rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Voskarides
- Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Scarpellini E, Basilico M, Rinninella E, Carbone F, Schol J, Rasetti C, Abenavoli L, Santori P. Probiotics and gut health. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino) 2021; 67:314-325. [PMID: 33978391 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5985.21.02910-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem of bacteria, viruses, archea, protozoa and yeasts in our intestine. It has several functions maintaining human body equilibrium. Microbial " dysbiosis " can be responsible for several gastrointestinal diseases. METHODS to build a narrative review we performed a Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE search for English language papers, reviews, meta-analyses, case series, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by keywords and their associations: gut microbiota, dysbiosis, gastrointestinal diseases, probiotics. RESULTS gut microbiota is altered in several gastrointestinal diseases with very different pathophysiology. They range from multi-factorial diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gastric and colorectal cancers, immunemediated such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), antibioticrelated such as Clostridium Difficile infection (CDI). Microbial dysbiosis re-modulation by probiotics is feasible and safe in some of them. CONCLUSIONS gut microbial dysbiosis is statistically associated with several gastro-intestinal diseases, affecting their pathophysiology. Its reverse by probiotics has some promising evidences of efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emidio Scarpellini
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, and Internal Medicine Unit, Madonna del Soccorso General Hospital, San Benedetto del Tronto, Ascoli Piceno, Italy - .,T.A.R.G.I.D., Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium -
| | - Martina Basilico
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, and Internal Medicine Unit, Madonna del Soccorso General Hospital, San Benedetto del Tronto, Ascoli Piceno, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rinninella
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Florencia Carbone
- T.A.R.G.I.D., Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien Schol
- T.A.R.G.I.D., Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carlo Rasetti
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, and Internal Medicine Unit, Madonna del Soccorso General Hospital, San Benedetto del Tronto, Ascoli Piceno, Italy
| | - Ludovico Abenavoli
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Santori
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, and Internal Medicine Unit, Madonna del Soccorso General Hospital, San Benedetto del Tronto, Ascoli Piceno, Italy
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