1
|
Qi L, Song F, Han Y, Zhang Y, Ding Y. Atractyloside targets cancer-associated fibroblasts and inhibits the metastasis of colon cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1443. [PMID: 33313188 PMCID: PMC7723590 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Several evidences have proved that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in tumor progression. In fact, CAFs form a major component of tumor microenvironment (TME). Therefore, the development and metastasis of tumors can be effectively inhibited by small molecular compounds that target CAFs. Methods In this study, we mainly analyzed the expression profile of colon cancer (CC). We determined the intensity of CAFs in CC tissues by using the immune cell infiltration score. Gene enrichment analysis and the screening of differentially expressed genes were performed on the basis of the intensity of CAFs in CC tissues. We screened the small molecular compounds that were converted from differentially expressed genes. The results indicated that atractyloside was a small molecular compound related to CAFs in CC tissues. We identified the relationship between atractylosides and CAFs through target protein analysis and network analysis, and verified the inhibition effect of atractylosides on CC cells (CCC) by migration assay and scratch wound-healing assays. Results We found that many target proteins of atractyloside, such as the matrix metalloproteinase family and integrin proteins, were related to the biological function of CAFs. By performing network analysis, we found that the target proteins FGF1, ITGB1, and EDNRA were closely related to tumor angiogenesis, while the target proteins MMP9 and ITGAV were correlated to an extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell motility. These findings which further confirmed the relationship between atractylosides and CAFs. In addition, transwell cell migration and scratch wound-healing assays proved that atractylosides could significantly inhibit the migration of CCCs. Conclusions The atractyloside might be a small molecular compound that potentially targets CAFs and inhibits the development as well as metastasis of CC by changing the TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qi
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuyao Song
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yuan Y, Song JX, Zhang MN, Yuan BS. A multiple drug loaded, functionalized pH-sensitive nanocarrier as therapeutic and epigenetic modulator for osteosarcoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15497. [PMID: 32968136 PMCID: PMC7511925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignant condition affecting adolescents and children more than adults. Nanobiomedicine has opened up several avenues which have increased therapeutic efficiencies than the conventional treatment for the same. In the current study, a novel organic nanoparticle was devised conjugated with bisphosphonate zoledronic acid which has an affinity for bone tissues. Moreover, the nanoparticle was loaded with multiple anti-cancer drugs like gemcitabine and epirubicin. The nanoparticles were characterized by microscopic analysis, entrapment and loading efficiencies, bone affinity studies, in-vitro release studies, cytotoxicity studies and finally in-vivo tumor regression studies. Bone affinity studies depicted a high affinity of zoledronic acid towards bone powder. The nanoparticle exhibited a nanosize dimension, high entrapment and loading efficiencies with uniform symmetry devoid of agglomeration. The in-vitro release experiments showed a measured release of drugs over a longer time without any hint of burst release. However, the release was comparatively for a longer duration in acidic pH and normal physiological pH which may be excellent for therapeutic efficiency. The cytotoxicity studies revealed enhanced cytotoxic effect for MG-63 cell lines in comparison of free drug or single drug combinations. Nonetheless, they proved to be cytocompatible with primary bone cells. Additionally, cellular uptake of nanoparticle was appreciably improved. Significant tumor (250%) regression was seen upon treatment with multiple drug loaded zoledronic acid conjugated nanoparticle, along with epigenetic changes affecting microRNA expressions. The increased cytotoxicity and increased cellular uptake may be of greater advantage in systemic osteosarcoma therapy. Combining all results, our study demonstrated substantial potential towards management of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- The Department of Medicine Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xing Song
- The Department of Medicine Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Na Zhang
- The Department of Medicine Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Shan Yuan
- The Department of Medicine Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bueno MJ, Jimenez-Renard V, Samino S, Capellades J, Junza A, López-Rodríguez ML, Garcia-Carceles J, Lopez-Fabuel I, Bolaños JP, Chandel NS, Yanes O, Colomer R, Quintela-Fandino M. Essentiality of fatty acid synthase in the 2D to anchorage-independent growth transition in transforming cells. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5011. [PMID: 31676791 PMCID: PMC6825217 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a common event in cancer, although its mechanistic and potential therapeutic roles are not completely understood. In this study, we establish a key role of FASN during transformation. FASN is required for eliciting the anaplerotic shift of the Krebs cycle observed in cancer cells. However, its main role is to consume acetyl-CoA, which unlocks isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-dependent reductive carboxylation, producing the reductive power necessary to quench reactive oxygen species (ROS) originated during the switch from two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) growth (a necessary hallmark of cancer). Upregulation of FASN elicits the 2D-to-3D switch; however, FASN's synthetic product palmitate is dispensable for this process since cells satisfy their fatty acid requirements from the media. In vivo, genetic deletion or pharmacologic inhibition of FASN before oncogenic activation prevents tumor development and invasive growth. These results render FASN as a potential target for cancer prevention studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Bueno
- Breast Cancer Clinical Research Unit, CNIO - Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Veronica Jimenez-Renard
- Breast Cancer Clinical Research Unit, CNIO - Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Samino
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Capellades
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Junza
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Irene Lopez-Fabuel
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan P Bolaños
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Colomer
- Medical Oncology Hospital, Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Quintela-Fandino
- Breast Cancer Clinical Research Unit, CNIO - Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain.
- Medical Oncology Hospital, Universitario Quiron, Pozuelo de Alarcon - Madrid, Spain.
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada - Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu L, Meng M, Bao Y, Zhang C, Gao B, Sa R, Luo W. miR-1301/TRIAP1 Axis Participates in Epirubicin-Mediated Anti-Proliferation and Pro-Apoptosis in Osteosarcoma. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:832-841. [PMID: 31433581 PMCID: PMC6704023 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.9.832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Epirubicin is one of the most effective drugs against osteosarcoma. miR-1301 is involved in the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma. Whether miR-1301 is responsible for the chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to epirubicin remains largely unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS U2OS and SAOS-2 cells were treated with various concentrations of epirubicin. Flow cytometry was employed to evaluate cell apoptotic rate. Cell proliferation was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were utilized to detect the expressions of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 assaciated X protein (Bax), cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP1), TP53-regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (TRIAP1), and microRNA-1301 (miR-1301). The relationship between miR-1301 and TRIAP1 was determined by luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Epirubicin inhibited proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, induced apoptosis, decreased the expression of Bcl-2, and increased the expressions of Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-PARP1 in osteosarcoma cells. miR-1301 was downregulated in U2OS and SAOS-2 cells. Importantly, epirubicin significantly increased the levels of miR-1301. Overexpression of miR-1301 suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Interestingly, those effects were enhanced by epirubicin. In contrast, miR-1301 depletion attenuated the epirubicin-mediated anti-osteosarcoma effect. miR-1301 negatively regulated the expression of TRIAP1 in U2OS and SAOS-2 cells. Furthermore, epirubicin inhibited the mRNA and protein levels of TRIAP1 by upregulating miR-1301 levels. Epirubicin suppressed cell proliferation by downregulating TRIAP1. CONCLUSION miR-1301 was implicated in the chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma to epirubicin by modulating TRIAP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Min Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yun Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department III of Orthopedic, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bei Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Rina Sa
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wenyuan Luo
- Department III of Orthopedic, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Long XH, Mao JH, Peng AF, Zhou Y, Huang SH, Liu ZL. Tumor suppressive microRNA-424 inhibits osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion via targeting fatty acid synthase. Exp Ther Med 2013; 5:1048-1052. [PMID: 23599729 PMCID: PMC3628901 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have recently suggested that miRNAs contribute to the development of various types of human cancer as well as to their invasive and metastatic capacities. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional significance of miR-424 and to identify its possible target genes in osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Previously, inhibition of fatty acid synthase (FASN) has been shown to suppress OS cell proliferation, invasion and migration. The prediction was made using the microRNA.org and TargetScan.human6.0.database. The results showed that FASN is a promising target gene of miR-424. FASN may be a direct target of miR-424 as shown by the luciferase reporter assays. Furthermore, miR-424 expression was increased in osteosarcoma cells by transfection with has-miR-424. FASN mRNA and protein expression levels were measured by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Cell migration and invasion was measured using Transwell migration and Transwell invasion assays. Expression levels of FASN mRNA and protein were greatly decreased in U2OS cells transfected with has-miR-424. The migration and invasion of cells was significantly decreased by the upregulation of miR-424. These findings suggested that miR-424 plays a key role in inhibiting OS cell migration and invasion through targeting FASN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Hua Long
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|