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Lin D, Sun Y, Wang Y, Yang D, Shui M, Wang Y, Xue Z, Huang X, Zhang Y, Wu A, Wei C. Transforming Growth Factor β1 Ameliorates Microglial Activation in Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3512-3524. [PMID: 37470907 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03994-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common complication of surgery and anesthesia, especially among older patients. Microglial activation plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of PND and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) can regulate microglial homeostasis. In the present study, abdominal surgery was performed on 12-14 months-old C57BL/6 mice to establish a PND model. The expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β receptor 1, TGF-β receptor 2, and phosphor-smad2/smad3 (psmad2/smad3) was assessed after anesthesia and surgery. Additionally, we examined changes in microglial activation, morphology, and polarization, as well as neuroinflammation and dendritic spine density in the hippocampus. Behavioral tests, including the Morris water maze and open field tests, were used to examine cognitive function, exploratory locomotion, and emotions. We observed decreased TGF-β1 expression after surgery and anesthesia. Intranasally administered exogenous TGF-β1 increased psmad2/smad3 colocalization with microglia positive for ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1. TGF-β1 treatment attenuated microglial activation, reduced microglial phagocytosis, and reduced surgery- and anesthesia-induced changes in microglial morphology. Compared with the surgery group, TGF-β1 treatment decreased M1 microglial polarization and increased M2 microglial polarization. Additionally, surgery- and anesthesia-induced increase in interleukin 1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels was ameliorated by TGF-β1 treatment at postoperative day 3. TGF-β1 also ameliorated cognitive function after surgery and anesthesia as well as rescue dendritic spine loss. In conclusion, surgery and anesthesia induced decrease in TGF-β1 levels in older mice, which may contribute to PND development; however, TGF-β1 ameliorated microglial activation and cognitive dysfunction in PND mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti Nanlu, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti Nanlu, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti Nanlu, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti Nanlu, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Min Shui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ziyi Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti Nanlu, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Anshi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti Nanlu, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Changwei Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti Nanlu, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Zou X, Liu S, Zou H, Zhou W, Fu H, Wei J, Zhang J, Zeng H, Tan T, Zhou W, Wu H, Chen X, Zhou X. Inflammatory mechanisms of Ginkgo Biloba extract in improving memory functions through lncRNA-COX2/NF-κB pathway in mice with status epilepticus. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 29:471-482. [PMID: 36419341 PMCID: PMC9804085 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was to explore whether Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) improve memory impairment by alleviating neuroinflammation signaling in mice with status epilepticus. METHODS The status epilepticus (SE) mice model was established by pilocarpine and treated with 100 mg / kg of GBE for 14 days. Spontaneous alternation of Y-maze and new object recognition were used to explore memory impairment. To examine glial cell activation, we performed immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. The activation of NF-κB signaling and the expression level of lncRNA-COX2 were detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively. Adeno-associated virus lncRNA-COX2 was injected into mice for overexpression of lncRNA-COX2. RESULTS After GBE treatment, the spontaneous alternation rate and the recognition coefficient in SE mice were both increased. Moreover, activation of glial cells, NF-κB signaling and lncRNA-COX2 were significantly decreased in SE mice. In the GBE-treated SE mice with lncRNA-COX2 overexpression, NF-κB signaling was up-regulated again; the reduced level of inflammation factors was reversed; the GBE-rescued spontaneous alternation rate of Y-maze was eliminated. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that GBE reduces the hippocampal inflammation by down-regulating lncRNA-COX2 / NF-κB signaling in the SE mice, leading to the decrease of neuronal damage and the improvement of memory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Zou
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Si Liu
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Huihui Zou
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wanfei Zhou
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Huaili Fu
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiana Wei
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiakang Zhang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Haoxuan Zeng
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Tian Tan
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Heyong Wu
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xinrun Chen
- Department of Clinical medicineThe First Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xianju Zhou
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Neonatal Anesthesia and Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040787. [PMID: 35453473 PMCID: PMC9026345 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal anesthesia, while often essential for surgeries or imaging procedures, is accompanied by significant risks to redox balance in the brain due to the relatively weak antioxidant system in children. Oxidative stress is characterized by concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are elevated beyond what can be accommodated by the antioxidant defense system. In neonatal anesthesia, this has been proposed to be a contributing factor to some of the negative consequences (e.g., learning deficits and behavioral abnormalities) that are associated with early anesthetic exposure. In order to assess the relationship between neonatal anesthesia and oxidative stress, we first review the mechanisms of action of common anesthetic agents, the key pathways that produce the majority of ROS, and the main antioxidants. We then explore the possible immediate, short-term, and long-term pathways of neonatal-anesthesia-induced oxidative stress. We review a large body of literature describing oxidative stress to be evident during and immediately following neonatal anesthesia. Moreover, our review suggests that the short-term pathway has a temporally limited effect on oxidative stress, while the long-term pathway can manifest years later due to the altered development of neurons and neurovascular interactions.
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Liu J, Ye T, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Kong Y, Zhang Y, Sun J. Protective Effect of Ginkgolide B against Cognitive Impairment in Mice via Regulation of Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12230-12240. [PMID: 34633804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ginkgolide B (GB) is one of the main bioactive components of Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts with neuroprotective activity. However, the neuroprotective mechanism link between the anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) efficiency of GB and gut microbiota have remained elusive. Here, we elucidated the effect and possible mechanism of GB against cognitive impairment in mice. Male mice were induced with d-galactose and aluminum chloride to establish an AD animal model, and then intragastrically treated with GB. Cognitive function was assessed by an object recognition test and an open-field test. Amyloid deposition and neuropathological change were detected. The levels of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), Bcl-2, and Bax were detected. Moreover, microbial compositions were measured by 16s rRNA sequencing. Our results showed that GB significantly alleviated cognitive dysfunction, neurodegeneration, and neuropathological changes in AD model mice. Moreover, GB treatment remarkably reduced the levels of RAGE and Bax and increased the level of Bcl-2 in AD model mice. GB treatment reversed the decreased abundance of Lactobacillus and the increased abundance of Bacteroidales, Muribaculaceae, and Alloprevotella, which led to reconstruction of gut microbiota. These findings demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of GB in AD mice, which were partly mediated by modulating gut dysbiosis, indicating that GB might be a potentially active supplement to alleviate AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yuhe Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yu Kong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
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