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A New Species of Proctoporus (Reptilia, Gymnophthalmidae, Cercosaurinae) from the Puna of the Otishi National Park in Peru. TAXONOMY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/taxonomy3010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We describe a new species of Proctoporus from the scientifically unexplored southern sector of the Otishi National Park (Region Cusco) in Peru, on the basis of molecular and morphological characters. Seven type specimens were obtained from six localities between 3241–3269 m a.s.l. within a radius of ca. 1.5 km in a Puna valley. Nine adult specimens (four males, five females) from Chiquintirca (Region Ayacucho, ca. 85 km airline from the type locality) are considered referred specimens. Males of the new species have a snout–vent length of 41.3–53.9 mm (x¯ = 46.7, n = 6), females have a snout–vent length of 43.6–52.6 mm (x¯ = 48.1, n = 8). The new species has dorsal scales striated, four supraoculars, four anterior supralabials, loreal and prefrontal scales absent, two pairs of genials (rarely one or three), three rows of pregulars, and five to seven femoral pores in males (absent in females). Sexual dimorphism is evident in the ventral coloration: males have neck, chest, and belly dark gray to black, whereas females have neck, chest, and belly pale gray with a diffuse dark gray fleck in the center of each scale, and an orange iris with a fringed pupil in both sexes.
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Echevarría LY, Venegas PJ, García-Ayachi LA, Nunes PMS. An elusive new species of gymnophthalmid lizard (Cercosaurinae, Selvasaura) from the Andes of northern Peru. EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.5.68520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a new species of Selvasaura from the montane forests of the eastern slopes of the Andes in northern Peru, based on external and hemipenial morphological characters and previous phylogenetic analyses. The new species can be differentiated from the other two Selvasaura species in having keeled dorsal scales usually flanked by longitudinal striations, in adults and juveniles; adult males with a yellow vertebral stripe bordered by broad dark brown stripes on each side and a unilobed hemipenis surrounded by the branches of the sulcus spermaticus. The description of the new species contributes information about new states of diagnostic characters of Selvasaura and natural history.
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Venegas PJ, García-Ayachi LA, Ormeño J, Bullard S, Catenazzi A, Motta AP. Two new species of terrestrial-breeding frogs (Anura: Brachycephaloidea) from Cordillera de Colán, Peru. NEOTROPICAL BIODIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23766808.2021.1953894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Javier Venegas
- Instituto Peruano de Herpetología (IPH), Lima, Per
- División de Herpetología, Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Lima, Per
| | - Luis Alberto García-Ayachi
- Instituto Peruano de Herpetología (IPH), Lima, Per
- División de Herpetología, Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Lima, Per
| | - Jesús Ormeño
- Instituto Peruano de Herpetología (IPH), Lima, Per
- Huarango Nature – Conservamos Ica (CÓNICA). Ica, Per
| | | | - Alessandro Catenazzi
- Instituto Peruano de Herpetología (IPH), Lima, Per
- División de Herpetología, Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Lima, Per
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ana Paula Motta
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
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Rada M, Dos Santos Dias PH, Pérez-Gonzalez JL, Anganoy-Criollo M, Rueda-Solano LA, Pinto-E MA, Quintero LM, Vargas-Salinas F, Grant T. The poverty of adult morphology: Bioacoustics, genetics, and internal tadpole morphology reveal a new species of glassfrog (Anura: Centrolenidae: Ikakogi) from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215349. [PMID: 31067224 PMCID: PMC6506205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ikakogi is a behaviorally and morphologically intriguing genus of glassfrog. Using tadpole morphology, vocalizations, and DNA, a new species is described from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), an isolated mountain range in northern Colombia. The new taxon is the second known species of the genus Ikakogi and is morphologically identical to I. tayrona (except for some larval characters) but differs by its genetic distance (14.8% in mitochondrial encoded cytochrome b MT-CYB; ca. 371 bp) and by the dominant frequency of its advertisement call (2928-3273 Hz in contrast to 2650-2870 Hz in I. tayrona). They also differ in the number of lateral buccal floor papillae, and the position of the buccal roof arena papillae. Additionally, the new species is differentiated from all other species of Centrolenidae by the following traits: tympanum visible, vomerine teeth absent, humeral spines present in adult males, bones in life white with pale green in epiphyses, minute punctuations present on green skin dorsum, and flanks with lateral row of small, enameled dots that extend from below eye to just posterior to arm insertion. We describe the external and internal larval morphology of the new species and we redescribe the larval morphology of Ikakogi tayrona on the basis of field collected specimens representing several stages of development from early to late metamorphosis. We discuss the relevance of larval morphology for the taxonomy and systematics of Ikakogi and other centrolenid genera. Finally, we document intraspecific larval variation in meristic characters and ontogenetic changes in eye size, coloration, and labial tooth-rows formulas, and compare tadpoles of related species. Ikakogi tayrona has been proposed as the sister taxon of all other Centrolenidae; our observations and new species description offers insights about the ancestral character-states of adults, egg clutches, and larval features in this lineage of frogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rada
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Luis Pérez-Gonzalez
- Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Aplicada (GIBEA), Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia
- Grupo Herpetológico Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia
| | - Marvin Anganoy-Criollo
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Alberto Rueda-Solano
- Grupo Herpetológico Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia
- Grupo Biomics, Departmento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Alejandra Pinto-E
- Grupo de Morfología y Ecología Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Fernando Vargas-Salinas
- Grupo de investigación en Evolución, Ecología y Conservación EECO, Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Tecnologías, Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
| | - Taran Grant
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Moravec J, Šmíd J, Štundl J, Lehr E. Systematics of Neotropical microteiid lizards (Gymnophthalmidae, Cercosaurinae), with the description of a new genus and species from the Andean montane forests. Zookeys 2018; 774:105-139. [PMID: 30057466 PMCID: PMC6056569 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.774.25332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cercosaurine lizards (subfamily Cercosaurinae of the family Gymnophthalmidae) represent a substantial component of the reptile fauna in the Neotropics. Several attempts have been made to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships within this group, but most studies focused on particular genera or regions and did not cover the subfamily as a whole. In this study, material from the montane forests of Peru was newly sequenced. In combination with all cercosaurine sequences available on GenBank, an updated phylogeny of Cercosaurinae is provided. Monophyly was not supported for three of the currently recognised genera (Echinosaura, Oreosaurus, and Proctoporus). The genus Proctoporus is formed by five monophyletic groups, which should be used in future taxonomic revisions as feasible entities. Recognition of two previously identified undescribed clades (Unnamed clades 2 and 3) was supported and yet another undescribed clade (termed here Unnamed clade 4), which deserves recognition as an independent genus, was identified herein. Selvasaura brava, a new genus and new species of arboreal gymnophthalmid lizard is described from the montane forests of the Pui Pui Protected Forest, Provincia de Chanchamayo, Región Junín, Peru. The new species is characterised by its small size (SVL 42.1-45.9 mm), slender body, smooth head shields, presence of paired prefrontal shields, fused anteriormost supraocular and anteriormost superciliary shields, transparent not divided lower palpebral disc, slightly rugose subimbricate rectangular dorsal scales in adults (slightly keeled in juveniles), distinctly smaller but non-granular lateral scales, smooth squared to rectangular ventral scales, and hemipenial lobes large, distinct from the hemipenial body. Phylogenetic affinities of the new genus to the other cercosaurine genera, as well as basal phylogenetic relationships between the other cercosaurine genera remain unresolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Moravec
- Department of Zoology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, 193 00 Prague 9, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Šmíd
- Department of Zoology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, 193 00 Prague 9, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Štundl
- Department of Zoology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, 193 00 Prague 9, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Edgar Lehr
- Department of Biology, Illinois Wesleyan University, P.O. Box 2900, IL 61701, USA
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