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Zaki MG, Baraka TA, Elkhiat MA, Younis MR, Tayeb FAEF. Determination of hematobiochemical and fore stomach fluid constituents of llama (Lama glama) living in Egypt. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:403. [PMID: 37953386 PMCID: PMC10641091 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03820-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
There are no available data regarding the hematology, serum biochemistry, and fore stomach fluid constituents of llama (Lama glama) in Egypt. This study aimed to establish normal reference values for blood and fore stomach fluid constituents of llama and determine the influence of sex and season on these parameters under Egyptian conditions. The study was performed on (n = 38; 22 female, 16 male; 1-7 years) apparently healthy llamas located in the Giza Zoo and private zoo in the Ismailia Governorate. Samples were collected in two seasons and divided into summer and winter samples. Differences in the mean and range values of packed cell volume, serum minerals, fore stomach fluid pH, and total protozoal count in Egypt were recorded. Sex and season had minimal effects on hematology and only erythrocyte count showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in males compared with females. Regarding serum biochemistry, males showed significant (p < 0.05) increases in alanine transaminase and calcium levels, while globulin significantly (p < 0.05) increased in females. The influence of season on serum biochemistry was evident in alanine transaminase, total protein, albumin, and chloride which increased significantly (p < 0.05) in summer, while urea, bilirubin, and magnesium increased significantly (p < 0.05) in winter. Fore stomach fluid pH and ammonia showed significant (p < 0.05) increases in winter, while the total protozoal count increased significantly (p < 0.05) in summer and in males compared with females. The results obtained in this study can serve as reference values for the hematobiochemical and fore stomach fluid constituents of llama in Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Gamal Zaki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Taher Ahmad Baraka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Awny Elkhiat
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ragaii Younis
- Central Department for Egyptian Zoos and Wildlife Conservation, Giza Zoo, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fatma Abd El-Fattah Tayeb
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
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Alkholifi FK, Aodah AH, Foudah AI, Alam A. Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Berberine and Tocopherol in Managing Diabetic Neuropathy: A Comprehensive Approach towards Alleviating Chronic Neuropathic Pain. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1726. [PMID: 37371821 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) causes sensory dysfunction, such as numbness, tingling, or burning sensations. Traditional medication may not ease pain and discomfort, but natural remedies such as Berberine (BR) and vitamin E or Tocopherol (TOC) have therapeutic potential to reduce inflammation while improving nerve function. Novel substances offer a more potent alternative method for managing severe chronic neuropathic pain that does not react to standard drug therapy by targeting various pathways that regulate it. Rats with diabetic control received oral doses of BR + TOC that showed significant changes in serum insulin levels compared to DN controls after 90 days, suggesting a decrease in sensitivity to painful stimuli partly by modulating the oxidative stress of the inflammatory pathway such as TNF-α suppression or stimulation of TNF-α depending on the amount of dose consumed by them. NF-kB also played its role here. Administering doses of BR and TOC reduced heightened levels of NF-kB and AGEs, effectively counteracting inflammation-targeted key factors in diabetes, promising possibilities for the benefits of these molecules revealed through in vivo investigation. In summary, treating neuropathy pain with a more comprehensive and organic approach can involve harnessing the powerful capabilities of BR and TOC. These compounds have been found to not only considerably decrease inflammation but also provide effective nerve protection while enhancing overall nerve function. With their multifunctional impacts on various neuropathic pain pathways in the body, these naturally occurring substances offer an exciting possibility for those who encounter high levels of neuropathic distress that do not respond well to conventional medication-centred therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal K Alkholifi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhussain H Aodah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed I Foudah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Martín-Barrasa JL, Tejedor-Junco MT, Cabrera S, Morales M, Melián A, Corbera JA. Haematological and biochemical blood reference values for Canary Island camels ( Camelus dromedarius), an endangered dromedary species. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103677. [PMID: 37213697 PMCID: PMC10196958 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to develop reference values for haematological and biochemical variables in the Canary camel breed (Camelus dromedarius). 114 clinically healthy dromedary camels were assessed. Age, sex, and pregnancy status was also recorded. The reference range for red blood cells (RBCs) was 8.45 - 13.65 X106/µL, haemoglobin (HGB) was 10.61 - 15.29 g/dL, packed cell volume (PCV) was 19.93 - 32.51 %, and white blood cells (WBCs) 7.35 - 18.36 X103/µL. A correlation was established between the haemoglobin concentration (HGB) (g/dl) and packed cell volume (PCV) obtaining a linear regression (HGB = 0.31 PCV + 4.67). Young animals had higher RBC and WBC values than adult animals. Additionally, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), phosphorus, calcium, albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, and lipase were higher in young animals compared with adults. Female dromedary camels showed higher values for the three main variables: RBC, HGB and PCV, but no differences between sexes were detected in the biochemical variables results. The WBC count was higher in non-pregnant females than in pregnant animals. These results provide references values for the Canary camel breed and may contribute to the understanding of differences in 18 haematological and biochemical parameters in dromedary camels with a potential impact in health and welfare for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Martín-Barrasa
- Research Unit of the Hospital Universitario of Gran Canaria, Dr. Negrín, Fundación Canaria del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), C. Pl. Barranco de la Ballena, s/n, 35019 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
- Group IUSA-ONE HEALTH 2. Sanidad Animal de la Acuicultura, y Especies Silvestres, Enfermedades Infecciosas y Seguridad Alimentaria. University Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Campus Universitario de Arucas, 35413 – Las Palmas, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Tejedor-Junco
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe “Físico”, 17, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
- Corresponding author.
| | - Soraya Cabrera
- Oasis Wildlife Park Fuerteventura, Museo del Campo Majorero, Ctra. General de Tarajalejo, S/N, 35628 – La Lajita, Pájara, Fuerteventura, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales
- Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (HCV-ULPGC). Campus Universitario de Arucas, 35413 – Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Adrián Melián
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe “Físico”, 17, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Juan Alberto Corbera
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe “Físico”, 17, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
- Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (HCV-ULPGC). Campus Universitario de Arucas, 35413 – Las Palmas, Spain
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Hamad B, Hadef L, Aggad H. Effect of lairage time on the physiological and hematological parameters of dromedary camel ( Camelus dromedarius). BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1655881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Hamad
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Animal Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - Leyla Hadef
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Animal Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - Hebib Aggad
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Animal Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret, Algeria
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Abstract
Camels are domesticated animals that are highly adapted to the extreme desert ecosystem with relatively higher resistance to a wide range of pathogens compared to many other species from the same geographical region. Recently, there has been increased interest in the field of camel immunology. As the progress in the analysis of camel immunoglobulins has previously been covered in many recent reviews, this review intends to summarize published findings related to camel cellular immunology with a focus on the phenotype and functionality of camel leukocyte subpopulations. The review also describes the impact of different physiological (age and pregnancy) and pathological (e.g. infection) conditions on camel immune cells. Despite the progress achieved in the field of camel immunology, there are gaps in our complete understanding of the camel immune system. Questions remain regarding innate recognition mechanisms, the functional characterization of antigen-presenting cells, and the characterization of camel NK and cytotoxic T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Hussen
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hans-Joachim Schuberth
- Institute of Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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Brandimarti ME, Gray R, Coulson G, Cripps JK, Wilson ME, Death C, Snape M, Wimpenny C, Silva FRO, Miller EJ, Scanes E, Spielman D, Thomas G, Herbert CA. Reference intervals for parameters of health of eastern grey kangaroos Macropus giganteus and management implications across their geographic range. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maquel E. Brandimarti
- M. E. Brandimarti (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4055-6623) ✉ , G. Thomas, C. A. Herbert (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0174-0898), F. R. O. Silva and E. Scanes (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-3804), School of Life and
| | - Rachael Gray
- R. Gray and D. Spielman, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The Univ. of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Graeme Coulson
- G. Coulson (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9873-8203), J. K. Cripps (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3049-5510) and M. E. Wilson, School of BioSciences, The Univ. of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. JKC also at: Dept of Environment, Land, Water an
| | - Jemma K. Cripps
- G. Coulson (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9873-8203), J. K. Cripps (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3049-5510) and M. E. Wilson, School of BioSciences, The Univ. of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. JKC also at: Dept of Environment, Land, Water an
| | - Michelle E. Wilson
- G. Coulson (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9873-8203), J. K. Cripps (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3049-5510) and M. E. Wilson, School of BioSciences, The Univ. of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. JKC also at: Dept of Environment, Land, Water an
| | - Clare Death
- C. Death, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The Univ. of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa Snape
- M. Snape and C. Wimpenny, Conservation Research, Environment, Planning and Sustainable Development Directorate, ACT Government, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Claire Wimpenny
- M. Snape and C. Wimpenny, Conservation Research, Environment, Planning and Sustainable Development Directorate, ACT Government, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Fabiola Rodrigues Oliveira Silva
- M. E. Brandimarti (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4055-6623) ✉ , G. Thomas, C. A. Herbert (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0174-0898), F. R. O. Silva and E. Scanes (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-3804), School of Life and
| | - Emily J. Miller
- E. J. Miller, The Univ. of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elliot Scanes
- M. E. Brandimarti (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4055-6623) ✉ , G. Thomas, C. A. Herbert (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0174-0898), F. R. O. Silva and E. Scanes (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-3804), School of Life and
| | - Derek Spielman
- R. Gray and D. Spielman, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The Univ. of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Georgia Thomas
- M. E. Brandimarti (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4055-6623) ✉ , G. Thomas, C. A. Herbert (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0174-0898), F. R. O. Silva and E. Scanes (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-3804), School of Life and
| | - Catherine A. Herbert
- M. E. Brandimarti (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4055-6623) ✉ , G. Thomas, C. A. Herbert (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0174-0898), F. R. O. Silva and E. Scanes (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-3804), School of Life and
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7
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Rasis M, Rudoler N, Schwartz D, Giladi M. Bartonella dromedarii sp. nov. isolated from domesticated camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Israel. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2017; 14:775-82. [PMID: 25409267 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bartonella spp. are fastidious, Gram-negative bacilli that cause a wide spectrum of diseases in humans. Most Bartonella spp. have adapted to a specific host, generally a domestic or wild mammal. Dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) have become a focus of growing public-health interest because they have been identified as a reservoir host for the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Nevertheless, data on camel zoonoses are limited. We aimed to study the occurrence of Bartonella bacteremia among dromedaries in Israel. Nine of 51 (17.6%) camels were found to be bacteremic with Bartonella spp.; bacteremia levels ranged from five to >1000 colony-forming units/mL. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on the concatenated sequences of gltA and rpoB genes demonstrated that the dromedary Bartonella isolates are closely related to other ruminant-derived Bartonella spp., with B. bovis being the nearest relative. Using electron microscopy, the novel isolates were shown to be flagellated, whereas B. bovis is nonflagellated. Sequence comparisons analysis of the housekeeping genes ftsZ, ribC, and groEL showed the highest homology to B. chomelii, B. capreoli, and B. birtlesii, respectively. Sequence analysis of the gltA and rpoB revealed ∼96% identity to B. bovis, a previously suggested cutoff value for sequence-based differentiation of Bartonella spp., suggesting that this approach does not have sufficient discriminatory power for differentiating ruminant-related Bartonella spp. A comprehensive multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis based on nine genetic loci (gltA, rpoB, ftsZ, internal transcribed spacer (ITS), 16S rRNA, ribC, groEL, nuoG, and SsrA) identified seven sequence types of the new dromedary isolates. This is the first description of a Bartonella sp. from camelids. On the basis of a distinct reservoir and ecological niche, sequence analyses, and expression of flagella, we designate these isolates as a novel Bartonella sp. named Bartonella dromedarii sp. nov. Further studies are required to explore its zoonotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Rasis
- 1 The Bernard Pridan Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center , Tel Aviv, Israel
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Abdelrahman MM, Aljumaah RS, Ayadi M. Selenium and Iodine Status of two Camel Breeds (Camelus Dromedaries) Raised Under Semi Intensive System in Saudi Arabia. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2013.e14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Salem Al-H M. Some Hematologic Values and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Male Camels (Camelus dromedarius) before and during Rut. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2012.1219.1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gupta L, Roy A, Tiwari G, Dhuria R. Impact of diets with different levels of leguminous roughages on nutrient intake, draught performance, blood biochemical and physiological parameters in dromedary camels. Livest Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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Ali A, Al-Sobayil F, Tharwat M, Hassanein K. Ovarian hydrobursitis in female camels (Camelus dromedaries): Biochemical, bacterial and protozoal evaluation. Theriogenology 2011; 75:734-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2010] [Revised: 10/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Ali A, Tharwat M, Al-Sobayil FA. Hormonal, biochemical, and hematological profiles in female camels (Camelus dromedarius) affected with reproductive disorders. Anim Reprod Sci 2009; 118:372-6. [PMID: 19815355 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2009.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Revised: 08/20/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the blood profiles in female camels affected with common reproductive disorders. Estradiol-17beta (E(2)), progesterone (P(4)), thyroxin (T(4)), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, globulin, hematocrite, and total and differential white blood cell counts (WBC) were determined in blood of female camels affected with endometritis (n=15), vaginal adhesions (n=15), and ovarian cysts (n=15). Normal cyclic animals were used as controls (n=15). Diagnosis of reproductive disorders was based on transrectal palpation, ultrasonographic examination, and exploration of the vagina. Increased WBC counts (P=0.03) and a tendency for neutrophelia (P=0.05) were noted in female camels with vaginal adhesions. These animals were also characterized by having higher concentration of serum P(4) (P=0.0001), T(4) (P=0.001) and total protein (P=0.007), in comparison with female camels with endometritis, ovarian cysts, or controls. Animals having ovarian cysts with thin walls and homogenous hypoechogenic contents had greater serum E(2) (P=0.001) and P(4) (P=0.0001) than those having ovarian cysts with thick walls and non-homogenous echogenic contents. Animals with endometritis, vaginal adhesions, and ovarian cysts revealed lower serum Zn concentration than that of control group (P=0.003). Other blood parameters did not differ significantly compared to controls. In conclusion, this is the first report characterizing blood constituents in female camels with various reproductive disorders. These profiles may be valuable in clarifying the etio-pathogenesis of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ali
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, 51452 Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
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13
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Balasubramanian M, Sathya Moorthy P, Neelagandan K, Ponnuswamy MN. Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of haemoglobin from camel (Camelus dromedarius): a high oxygen-affinity lowland species. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2009; 65:773-5. [PMID: 19652336 PMCID: PMC2720330 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309109024154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Haemoglobin is a prototypical allosteric protein that is mainly involved in the transportation of oxygen from the lungs to tissues and of carbon dioxide back to the lungs in an intrinsically coordinated manner to maintain the viability of cells. Haemoglobin from Camelus dromedarius provides an interesting case study of adaptation to life in deserts at extremely high temperatures. An ambition to unravel the integrated structural and functional aspects of the casual survival of this animal at high temperatures led us to specifically work on this problem. The present work reports the preliminary crystallographic study of camel haemoglobin. Camel blood was collected and the haemoglobin was purified by anion-exchange chromatography and crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method under buffered high salt concentration using PEG 3350 as a precipitant. Intensity data were collected using a MAR 345 dtb image-plate detector system. Camel haemoglobin crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2(1), with one whole biological molecule (alpha(2)beta(2)) in the asymmetric unit and unit-cell parameters a = 52.759, b = 116.782, c = 52.807 A, beta = 120.07 degrees .
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Balasubramanian
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Pon. Sathya Moorthy
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - K. Neelagandan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - M. N. Ponnuswamy
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
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Abdoun KA, Amin ASA, Abdelatif AM. Milk composition of dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius): nutritional effects and correlation to corresponding blood parameters. Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:2724-2727. [PMID: 19070090 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.2724.2727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study has been conducted in order to study the possible correlations between the nutritional value of plants selected by camels during the dry and green season and the corresponding blood and milk composition of the dromedary camels. The study has been conducted on 50 indigenous Arabian camels of different age and kept under natural range in Southern Darfur. The dromedary camels selected plants with significantly (p<0.05) higher crude protein content during the dry season and kept the serum albumin concentration and milk protein content at the same levels as those observed during the green season. However, the significantly (p<0.05) higher lipogenic content (ether extract + crude fiber) of the plant selected during the dry season resulted in significantly (p<0.05) higher serum triacylglycerides concentration and significantly (p<0.05) higher milk fat content compared to that of the green season. Although, the camels selected plants with significantly (p<0.05) higher nitrogen free extract content during the dry season, the plasma glucose level and the milk lactose content were significantly (p<0.05) reduced compared to that of the green season. The significantly (p<0.05) lower ach content of the plants selected during the dry season resulted in significantly lower serum calcium + phosphorus concentration, but did not reflect on the ash content of the milk. The results indicate that despite camels selectivity and unique adaptation to arid conditions, the milk lactose-and fat content were affected by the nutritional scarcity during the dry season. Therefore, it could be beneficial to provide energy-rich feed supplemented with calcium and phosphorus to camels kept under dry tropical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A Abdoun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan
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