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Agnello L, Giglio RV, Bivona G, Scazzone C, Gambino CM, Iacona A, Ciaccio AM, Lo Sasso B, Ciaccio M. The Value of a Complete Blood Count (CBC) for Sepsis Diagnosis and Prognosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1881. [PMID: 34679578 PMCID: PMC8534992 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11101881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis represents an important global health burden due to its high mortality and morbidity. The rapid detection of sepsis is crucial in order to prevent adverse outcomes and reduce mortality. However, the diagnosis of sepsis is still challenging and many efforts have been made to identify reliable biomarkers. Unfortunately, many investigated biomarkers have several limitations that do not support their introduction in clinical practice, such as moderate diagnostic and prognostic accuracy, long turn-around time, and high-costs. Complete blood count represents instead a precious test that provides a wealth of information on individual health status. It can guide clinicians to early-identify patients at high risk of developing sepsis and to predict adverse outcomes. It has several advantages, being cheap, easy-to-perform, and available in all wards, from the emergency department to the intensive care unit. Noteworthy, it represents a first-level test and an alteration of its parameters must always be considered within the clinical context, and the eventual suspect of sepsis must be confirmed by more specific investigations. In this review, we describe the usefulness of basic and new complete blood count parameters as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Agnello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (R.V.G.); (G.B.); (C.S.); (C.M.G.); (B.L.S.)
| | - Rosaria Vincenza Giglio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (R.V.G.); (G.B.); (C.S.); (C.M.G.); (B.L.S.)
| | - Giulia Bivona
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (R.V.G.); (G.B.); (C.S.); (C.M.G.); (B.L.S.)
| | - Concetta Scazzone
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (R.V.G.); (G.B.); (C.S.); (C.M.G.); (B.L.S.)
| | - Caterina Maria Gambino
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (R.V.G.); (G.B.); (C.S.); (C.M.G.); (B.L.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Iacona
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Anna Maria Ciaccio
- Unit of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Bruna Lo Sasso
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (R.V.G.); (G.B.); (C.S.); (C.M.G.); (B.L.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (R.V.G.); (G.B.); (C.S.); (C.M.G.); (B.L.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
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