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Dubovtsev AY, Zvereva VV, Shcherbakov NV, Dar'in DV, Novikov AS, Kukushkin VY. Acid-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of two cyanamides and one ynamide: highly regioselective synthesis of 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidines. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4577-4584. [PMID: 33954321 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00513h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Triflic acid (10 mol%) catalyzes the highly regioselective [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition between two cyanamides and one ynamide to grant the 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine core. The developed synthetic method is effective for the preparation of a family of the diversely substituted heterocyclic products (30 examples; yields up to 94%). The synthesis can be easily scaled up and conducted in gram quantities. As demonstrated by the post-functionalizations involving the amino-substituents, the obtained heterocycles represent a useful platform for the construction of miscellaneous pyrimidine-based frameworks. The performed density functional theory calculations verified a particular role of H+, functioning as an electrophilic activator, in the regioselectivity of the cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Yu Dubovtsev
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
| | - Valeria V Zvereva
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
| | - Nikolay V Shcherbakov
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
| | - Dmitry V Dar'in
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexander S Novikov
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation. and South Ural State University, 76, Lenin Av., 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
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2
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Albolkany MK, Wang Y, Li W, Arooj S, Chen C, Wu N, Wang Y, Zbořil R, Fischer RA, Liu B. Dual-Function HKUST-1: Templating and Catalyzing Formation of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots Under Mild Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21499-21504. [PMID: 32725851 PMCID: PMC7756390 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-CNQDs) are highly promising photoresponsive materials. However, synthesis of monodispersed g-CNQDs remains challenging. Here we report the dual function of MOF [Cu3 BTC2 ] (HKUST-1) as a catalyst and template simultaneously to prepare g-CNQDs under mild conditions. Cyanamide (CA), a graphitic carbon nitride precursor, catalytically dimerized inside the larger MOF cavities at 90 °C and condensed into g-CNQDs at 120 °C in a controlled fashion. The HKUST-1 template was stable under the reaction conditions, leading to uniform g-CNQDs with a particle size of 2.22±0.68 nm. The as prepared g-CNQDs showed photoluminescence emission with a quantum yield of 3.1 %. This concept (MOF dual functionality) for catalyzing CA polycondensation (open metal sites (OMSs) effect) and controlling the produced particle size (pore-templating effect), together with the tunable MOF porosity, is expected to produce unique g-CNQDs with controllable size, morphology, and surface functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed K. Albolkany
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleFujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026China
| | - Yang Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleFujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026China
| | - Weijin Li
- Chair for Inorganic and Metal-Organic ChemistryTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Syeda Arooj
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleFujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026China
| | - Chun‐Hui Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleFujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026China
| | - Niannian Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleFujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026China
| | - Yan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleFujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026China
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsDepartment of Physical ChemistryFaculty of SciencePalacký University Olomouc17. Listopadu 1277146OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Roland A. Fischer
- Chair for Inorganic and Metal-Organic ChemistryTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Bo Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleFujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026China
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3
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Albolkany MK, Wang Y, Li W, Arooj S, Chen C, Wu N, Wang Y, Zbořil R, Fischer RA, Liu B. Dual‐Function HKUST‐1: Templating and Catalyzing Formation of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots Under Mild Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed K. Albolkany
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Fujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yang Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Fujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Weijin Li
- Chair for Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Syeda Arooj
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Fujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Chun‐Hui Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Fujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Niannian Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Fujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Fujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Department of Physical Chemistry Faculty of Science Palacký University Olomouc 17. Listopadu 12 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Roland A. Fischer
- Chair for Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Bo Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Fujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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4
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Nagata T, Obora Y. Transition‐Metal‐Mediated/Catalyzed Synthesis of Pyridines, Pyrimidines, and Triazines by [2+2+2] Cycloaddition Reactions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Nagata
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Kansai University Suita Osaka 564-8680 Japan
| | - Yasushi Obora
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Kansai University Suita Osaka 564-8680 Japan
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Vyalyh JV, Suzdalev KF, Lisovin AV, Kletskii ME, Burov ON, Kurbatov SV. From 3-Acyl-2-methylindoles to γ-Carbolines: Li-Promoted Cycloaddition Reaction and Its Quantum Chemical Study. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13721-13732. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia V. Vyalyh
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | | | - Anton V. Lisovin
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Mikhail E. Kletskii
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Oleg N. Burov
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Kurbatov
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
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7
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Xu L, Wang PF, Zhang JJ, Wu W, Shi JW, Yuan JF, Han H, Wang H. Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of propeller type 2,4,6-tri(anthracen-9-yl)-1,3,5-triazine. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08833j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel propeller typed compound, 2,4,6-tri(anthracen-9-yl)-1,3,5-triazine was synthesized by using 9-anthryl lithium with 1,3,5-trichlorotriazine or 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine. It's interesting spectroscopic behaviors were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Peng-Fei Wang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Juan-Juan Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Jian-Wu Shi
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Jing-Fang Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Hui Han
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
| | - Hua Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng
- China
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
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8
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Chan CYK, Lam JWY, Jim CKW, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Tang BZ. Polycyclotrimerization of Dinitriles: A New Polymerization Route for the Construction of Soluble Nitrogen-Rich Polytriazines with Hyperbranched Structures and Functional Properties. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma402066k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Y. K. Chan
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No.
9 Yuexing first RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacky W. Y. Lam
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No.
9 Yuexing first RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cathy K. W. Jim
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No.
9 Yuexing first RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Herman H. Y. Sung
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ian D. Williams
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No.
9 Yuexing first RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong
Innovative Research Team, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou 510640, China
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9
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Davidson JP, Sarma K, Fishlock D, Welch MH, Sukhtankar S, Lee GM, Martin M, Cooper GF. A Synthesis of 3,5-Disubstituted Phenols. Org Process Res Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/op900322u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James P. Davidson
- Chemical Synthesis, Roche Palo Alto LLC, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A., Chemical Synthesis, Hoffmann-La Roche, 340 Kingsland Avenue, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, U.S.A
| | - Keshab Sarma
- Chemical Synthesis, Roche Palo Alto LLC, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A., Chemical Synthesis, Hoffmann-La Roche, 340 Kingsland Avenue, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, U.S.A
| | - Dan Fishlock
- Chemical Synthesis, Roche Palo Alto LLC, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A., Chemical Synthesis, Hoffmann-La Roche, 340 Kingsland Avenue, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, U.S.A
| | - Michael H. Welch
- Chemical Synthesis, Roche Palo Alto LLC, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A., Chemical Synthesis, Hoffmann-La Roche, 340 Kingsland Avenue, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, U.S.A
| | - Sunil Sukhtankar
- Chemical Synthesis, Roche Palo Alto LLC, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A., Chemical Synthesis, Hoffmann-La Roche, 340 Kingsland Avenue, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, U.S.A
| | - Gary M. Lee
- Chemical Synthesis, Roche Palo Alto LLC, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A., Chemical Synthesis, Hoffmann-La Roche, 340 Kingsland Avenue, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, U.S.A
| | - Michael Martin
- Chemical Synthesis, Roche Palo Alto LLC, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A., Chemical Synthesis, Hoffmann-La Roche, 340 Kingsland Avenue, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, U.S.A
| | - Gary F. Cooper
- Chemical Synthesis, Roche Palo Alto LLC, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A., Chemical Synthesis, Hoffmann-La Roche, 340 Kingsland Avenue, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, U.S.A
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Ma Y, Breslin S, Keresztes I, Lobkovsky E, Collum DB. Synthesis of a 7-azaindole by chichibabin cyclization: reversible base-mediated dimerization of 3-picolines. J Org Chem 2009; 73:9610-8. [PMID: 18707175 DOI: 10.1021/jo801410s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The lithium diisopropylamide (LDA)-mediated condensation of 2-fluoro-3-picoline and benzonitrile to form 2-phenyl-7-azaindole via a Chichibabin cyclization is described. Facile dimerization of the picoline via a 1,4-addition of the incipient benzyllithium to the picoline starting material and fast 1,2-addition of LDA to benzonitrile cause the reaction to be complex. Both adducts are shown to reenter the reaction coordinate to produce the desired 7-azaindole. The solution structures of the key intermediates and the underlying reaction mechanisms are studied by a combination of IR and NMR spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, USA
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Dornan P, Rowley CN, Priem J, Barry ST, Burchell TJ, Woo TK, Richeson DS. Atom efficient cyclotrimerization of dimethylcyanamide catalyzed by aluminium amide: a combined experimental and theoretical investigation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:3645-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b803732a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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