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Jang WH, Hwang HM, Kim JY. Effects of Twins Therapy on Egocentric and Allocentric Neglect in Stroke Patients: A Feasibility Study. Brain Sci 2023; 13:952. [PMID: 37371430 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Existing treatment methods for neglect are concentrated on egocentric neglect and may lead to various problems such as cost/space constraints and portability. Therefore, this study seeks to determine how a new treatment (also known as twins therapy, TT) for stroke patients can improve an existing problem associated with neglect. (2) Method: A pre/post-test control group research design was used and both groups continued to receive existing rehabilitation treatment, whilst TT intervention was only added to the experimental group. TT intervention was conducted for a total of 20 sessions (1 session for 30 min/day, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks). (3) Result: There was no significant difference in the manual function test (MFT) and the Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI) items (p > 0.05) before and after the TT intervention. However, the score and execution time of the apple cancellation test showed a significant reduction only in the experimental group (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusion: TT not only improved egocentric neglect, but also allocentric neglect symptoms in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Hyuk Jang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 25949, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Min Hwang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 25949, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yeop Kim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 25949, Republic of Korea
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2
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Kirollos R, Herdman CM. Caloric vestibular stimulation induces vestibular circular vection even with a conflicting visual display presented in a virtual reality headset. Iperception 2023; 14:20416695231168093. [PMID: 37113619 PMCID: PMC10126621 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231168093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored visual-vestibular sensory integration when the vestibular system receives self-motion information using caloric irrigation. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine if measurable vestibular circular vection can be induced in healthy participants using caloric vestibular stimulation and (2) determine if a conflicting visual display could impact vestibular vection. In Experiment 1 (E1), participants had their eyes closed. Air caloric vestibular stimulation cooled the endolymph fluid of the horizontal semi-circular canal inducing vestibular circular vection. Participants reported vestibular circular vection with a potentiometer knob that measured circular vection direction, speed, and duration. In Experiment 2 (E2), participants viewed a stationary display in a virtual reality headset that did not signal self-motion while receiving caloric vestibular stimulation. This produced a visual-vestibular conflict. Participants indicated clockwise vection in the left ear and counter-clockwise vection in right ear in a significant proportion of trials in E1 and E2. Vection was significantly slower and shorter in E2 compared to E1. E2 results demonstrated that during visual-vestibular conflict, visual and vestibular cues are used to determine self-motion rather than one system overriding the other. These results are consistent with optimal cue integration hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Kirollos
- Ramy Kirollos, Defence Research and Development
Canada, Toronto Research Center, 1133 Sheppard Ave. W., Toronto, Ontario, M3 K 2C9,
Canada; Visualization and Simulation Center, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive,
Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada.
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Tarnutzer AA, Ward BK, Shaikh AG. Novel ways to modulate the vestibular system: Magnetic vestibular stimulation, deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation / transcranial direct current stimulation. J Neurol Sci 2023; 445:120544. [PMID: 36621040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in neurotechnologies are revolutionizing our understanding of complex neural circuits and enabling new treatments for disorders of the human brain. In the vestibular system, electromagnetic stimuli can now modulate vestibular reflexes and sensations of self-motion by artificially stimulating the labyrinth, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and their connections. OBJECTIVE In this narrative review, we describe evolving neuromodulatory techniques including magnetic vestibular stimulation (MVS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) and discuss current and potential future application in the field of neuro-otology. RESULTS MVS triggers both vestibular nystagmic (persistent) and perceptual (lasting ∼1 min) responses that may serve as a model to study central adaptational mechanisms and pathomechanisms of hemispatial neglect. By systematically mapping DBS electrodes, targeted stimulation of central vestibular pathways allowed modulating eye movements, vestibular heading perception, spatial attention and graviception, resulting in reduced anti-saccade error rates and hypometria, improved heading discrimination, shifts in verticality perception and transiently decreased spatial attention. For TMS/tDCS treatment trials have demonstrated amelioration of vestibular symptoms in various neuro-otological conditions, including chronic vestibular insufficiency, Mal-de-Debarquement and cerebellar ataxia. CONCLUSION Neuromodulation has a bright future as a potential treatment of vestibular dysfunction. MVS, DBS and TMS may provide new and sophisticated, customizable, and specific treatment options of vestibular symptoms in humans. While promising treatment responses have been reported for TMS/tDCS, treatment trials for vestibular disorders using MVS or DBS have yet to be defined and performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Tarnutzer
- Neurology, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - B K Ward
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A G Shaikh
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals and Cleveland VA Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Slower velocity perception with stronger optokinetic nystagmus: A paradoxical perception in virtual reality. J Neurol Sci 2022; 441:120384. [PMID: 36027643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) was studied in an immersive virtual reality (VR) environment with both typical optokinetic stimulation (OKs) wherein the head-tracking is active (similar to be sitting in front of a rotating drum) or a unique stimulus (VR-OKs) wherein the head-tracking is turned off, so head movements do not update the visual image (which moves with the head). OBJECTIVE To study both the perception of the stimulus velocity and eye movements while subjects rotated their head from side to side and the visual scene was either a typical OKs or VR-OKs. METHODS 9 healthy participants (aged 23 ± 2.4 y/o) had head and eye movements recorded under typical OKs and VR-OKS while smoothly rotating their head horizontally from side to side. Stimulation was delivered using a virtual reality setup on top of an eye movements recording system. RESULTS Under VR-OKs participants perceived faster stimulus velocity when the head and stimulus had the same direction as compared to the head and stimulus in opposite directions. When the head turned in the same direction as the stimulus, there were fewer fast phase eye movements than when it rotated counter to stimulus motion direction. Conversely, with typical OKs, participants perceived faster stimulus velocity when the head and stimulus had opposite directions as compared to the head and stimulus having the same direction. CONCLUSIONS The seemingly paradoxical results in which slower stimulus velocity is perceived in tandem with stronger nystagmus can be explained by the simultaneous activation of the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex and OKN in accordance with the various visual and vestibular stimuli.
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Cavedoni S, Cipresso P, Mancuso V, Bruni F, Pedroli E. Virtual reality for the assessment and rehabilitation of neglect: where are we now? A 6-year review update. VIRTUAL REALITY 2022; 26:1663-1704. [PMID: 35669614 PMCID: PMC9148943 DOI: 10.1007/s10055-022-00648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is a frequent repercussion of a cerebrovascular accident, typically a stroke. USN patients fail to orient their attention to the contralesional side to detect auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimuli, as well as to collect and purposely use this information. Traditional methods for USN assessment and rehabilitation include paper-and-pencil procedures, which address cognitive functions as isolated from other aspects of patients' functioning within a real-life context. This might compromise the ecological validity of these procedures and limit their generalizability; moreover, USN evaluation and treatment currently lacks a gold standard. The field of technology has provided several promising tools that have been integrated within the clinical practice; over the years, a "first wave" has promoted computerized methods, which cannot provide an ecological and realistic environment and tasks. Thus, a "second wave" has fostered the implementation of virtual reality (VR) devices that, with different degrees of immersiveness, induce a sense of presence and allow patients to actively interact within the life-like setting. The present paper provides an updated, comprehensive picture of VR devices in the assessment and rehabilitation of USN, building on the review of Pedroli et al. (2015). The present paper analyzes the methodological and technological aspects of the studies selected, considering the issue of usability and ecological validity of virtual environments and tasks. Despite the technological advancement, the studies in this field lack methodological rigor as well as a proper evaluation of VR usability and should improve the ecological validity of VR-based assessment and rehabilitation of USN.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Cavedoni
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - P. Cipresso
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Via Verdi, 10, 10124 Turin, TO Italy
| | - V. Mancuso
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy
| | - F. Bruni
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy
| | - E. Pedroli
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy
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Jagadeesan T, Rajagopal A, Sivanesan S. Vestibular stimulation: a noninvasive brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease & its implications. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 18:657-665. [PMID: 33544521 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease, and it is characterized by both motor and neuropsychiatric problems. Effective treatment of PD requires a combination of pharmacotherapy and physiotherapy; however, existing treatment generally involves one medical discipline most probably interpretation by neurologist. This pharmacotherapy relay on dopaminergic medications which is not capable of bringing sufficient alleviation of all motor symptoms in PD. Implementing positive lifestyle activities can support patients to improve the quality of life, symptoms, and possibly slow down the disease progression. In far effective management of PD, clinics are trying to execute and promote the use of additional integrative approaches of care among PD patients. Notably, vestibular stimulation like noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) is being studied as a potential treatment for PD, and a number of studies have presented scientific evidence in support of this concept. In this review paper, we highlight the importance of vestibular stimulation in both human and animal studies as one of the promising interventional approaches for PD. All the existing studies are heterogeneous in study design, so further studies have to be conducted which meets the standards of randomized control trial with proper sample size to validate the findings of vestibular stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanalakshmi Jagadeesan
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Archana Rajagopal
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Senthilkumar Sivanesan
- Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
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Caloric Vestibular Stimulation Reduces the DirectionalBias in Representational Neglect. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10060323. [PMID: 32466608 PMCID: PMC7348904 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10060323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS) can temporarily reduce visuospatial neglect and related symptoms. The present study examined the effect of CVS on representational neglect during free exploration of the map of France. We asked patients to name cities they could mentally “see” on the map of France, without giving them any directional instructions related to the left or right sides of the map. In right brain damaged patients with left visuospatial neglect, the mental representation of the map was asymmetrical (favoring the right side). After stimulation, neglect patients named more towns on the left side of the map, leading to a significant reduction in map representation asymmetry. Our findings are consistent with previous studies on visuospatial neglect and are in favor of a central effect of vestibular stimulation on mechanisms involved in space representation.
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Sukumaran S, Sivadasan S, Sakunthala PT, Tandon V, Sarma SP. "Sequential multimodality stimulation" for post-stroke-hemineglect: Feasibility and outcome in a pilot randomized controlled trial. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 71:108-112. [PMID: 31495658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.08.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the feasibility and efficacy of multimodality stimulation combined with motor tasking as a corrective strategy for hemineglect following right hemispheric ischemic strokes. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective randomized controlled single blinded clinical trial was conducted over eighteen months from January 2017. All patients with right hemispheric ischemic strokes were screened for hemineglect and those fulfilling criteria were recruited and randomized. Patients under the therapy group (TG) received the intervention based on a structured protocol in addition to standard physiotherapy. The control group (CG) received standard physiotherapy alone. NIHSS, mRS and Neuropsychological test scores were recorded at different time points. The primary outcome measures (neuropsychological test scores) were compared between the two groups (Student's t-test to find out the difference in outcome measures) at one and three months post-stroke. RESULTS Of the 14 patients recruited, data from 12 were available for analysis, 5 patients in TG and 7 in CG. There was a trend for better hemineglect and functional outcomes in TG. CONCLUSION Multimodality stimulation, in addition to standard physiotherapy, is feasible and potentially results in better neurocognitive and functional recovery following right hemispheric ischemic strokes. However, larger studies are warranted to prove these preliminary observations beyond doubt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajith Sukumaran
- Comprehensive Stroke Care Centre, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India.
| | - Sesh Sivadasan
- Comprehensive Stroke Care Centre, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Parthan T Sakunthala
- Comprehensive Stroke Care Centre, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Vaibhav Tandon
- Comprehensive Stroke Care Centre, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Sankara P Sarma
- Department of Biostatistics, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
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Paschke K, Bähr M, Wüstenberg T, Wilke M. Trunk rotation and handedness modulate cortical activation in neglect-associated regions during temporal order judgments. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 23:101898. [PMID: 31491819 PMCID: PMC6627032 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The rotation of the trunk around its vertical midline could be shown to bias visuospatial temporal judgments towards targets in the hemifield ipsilateral to the trunk orientation and to improve visuospatial performance in patients with visual neglect. However, the underlying brain mechanisms are not well understood. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to investigate the neural effects associated with egocentric midplane shifts under consideration of individual handedness. We employed a visuospatial temporal order judgment (TOJ) task in healthy right- and left-handed subjects while their trunk rotation was varied. Participants responded by a saccade towards the stimulus perceived first out of two stimuli presented with different stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA). Apart from gaze behavior, BOLD-fMRI responses were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Based on findings from spatial neglect research, analyses of fMRI-BOLD responses were focused on a bilateral fronto-temporo-parietal network comprising Brodmann areas 22, 39, 40, and 44, as well as the basal ganglia core nuclei (caudate, putamen, pallidum). We observed an acceleration of saccadic speed towards stimuli ipsilateral to the trunk orientation modulated by individual handedness. Left-handed participants showed the strongest behavioral and neural effects, suggesting greater susceptibility to manipulations of trunk orientation. With respect to the dominant hand, a rotation around the vertical trunk midline modulated the activation of an ipsilateral network comprising fronto-temporo-parietal regions and the putamen with the strongest effects for saccades towards the hemifield opposite to the dominant hand. Within the investigated network, the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) appears to serve as a region integrating sensory, motor, and trunk position information. Our results are discussed in the context of gain modulatory and laterality effects. We examined the effect of trunk rotation on brain responses in neglect-associated areas.Trunk-related BOLD-fMRI activation patterns depend on handedness. They were modulated most during trunk rotation contralateral to the dominant hand. Trunk rotation and saccade direction show interaction effects at TPJ. TPJ serves as a region integrating sensory, motor, and trunk position information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Paschke
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen 37075, Germany; German Center for Addiction Research in Childhood and Adolescence, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg 20246, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany.
| | - Mathias Bähr
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany; DFG Center for Nanoscale Microscopy & Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Germany
| | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany; Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry (SNiP), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, J5, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Melanie Wilke
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen 37075, Germany; DFG Center for Nanoscale Microscopy & Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Germany; German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Göttingen 37077, Germany; Leibniz-science campus primate cognition, Germany
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Ward BK, Otero-Millan J, Jareonsettasin P, Schubert MC, Roberts DC, Zee DS. Magnetic Vestibular Stimulation (MVS) As a Technique for Understanding the Normal and Diseased Labyrinth. Front Neurol 2017; 8:122. [PMID: 28424657 PMCID: PMC5380677 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans often experience dizziness and vertigo around strong static magnetic fields such as those present in an MRI scanner. Recent evidence supports the idea that this effect is the result of inner ear vestibular stimulation and that the mechanism is a magnetohydrodynamic force (Lorentz force) that is generated by the interactions between normal ionic currents in the inner ear endolymph and the strong static magnetic field of MRI machines. While in the MRI, the Lorentz force displaces the cupula of the lateral and anterior semicircular canals, as if the head was rotating with a constant acceleration. If a human subject’s eye movements are recorded when they are in darkness in an MRI machine (i.e., without fixation), there is a persistent nystagmus that diminishes but does not completely disappear over time. When the person exits the magnetic field, there is a transient aftereffect (nystagmus beating in the opposite direction) that reflects adaptation that occurred in the MRI. This magnetic vestibular stimulation (MVS) is a useful technique for exploring set-point adaptation, the process by which the brain adapts to a change in its environment, which in this case is vestibular imbalance. Here, we review the mechanism of MVS, how MVS produces a unique stimulus to the labyrinth that allows us to explore set-point adaptation, and how this technique might apply to the understanding and treatment of vestibular and other neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan K Ward
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jorge Otero-Millan
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Prem Jareonsettasin
- Department of Neuroscience, Exeter College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael C Schubert
- Department of Neuroscience, Exeter College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dale C Roberts
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David S Zee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Volkening K, Kerkhoff G, Keller I. Effects of repetitive galvanic vestibular stimulation on spatial neglect and verticality perception-a randomised sham-controlled trial. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2016; 28:1179-1196. [PMID: 27820972 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2016.1248446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence shows that bipolar galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) with the cathode on the left (CL) or right (CR) mastoid ameliorates spatial neglect, extinction and verticality perception transiently and partly permanently. However, no randomised controlled trial evaluated the long-term effects of repetitive GVS in comparison to sham-GVS on exploration and verticality perception. To compare the effects of CL-GVS, CR-GVS and Sham-GVS on spatial exploration and verticality perception in right-hemispheric stroke patients with left neglect we conducted a randomised controlled trial with minimisation. Twenty-four patients completed 10-12 training sessions on a daily basis, 5 days/week. The CL-and CR-GVS group received 20 min of stimulation at 1.5 mA, the Sham-GVS group only 30 s of CL-GVS. Simultaneously, all patients performed a standard therapy of smooth pursuit eye movement training (SPT) followed by visual scanning training (VST). Outcome measures (Neglect test, visuo-tactile search task, subjective visual and tactile vertical) were assessed before and immediately after the intervention and at 2- and 4-week follow-ups. Our results show that neither our standard therapy nor the combination of standard therapy and GVS improved neglect symptoms significantly. The reasons for our non-significant results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Volkening
- a Department of Neuropsychology , Schoen Klinik Bad Aibling , Bad Aibling , Germany.,b German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (IFB) , Ludwig-Maximilians-University , Munich , Germany
| | - Georg Kerkhoff
- c Clinical Neuropsychology & Neuropsychological University Clinic , Saar University , Saarbruecken , Germany
| | - Ingo Keller
- a Department of Neuropsychology , Schoen Klinik Bad Aibling , Bad Aibling , Germany
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Non-Invasive Neuromodulation Using Time-Varying Caloric Vestibular Stimulation. IEEE JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL ENGINEERING IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE-JTEHM 2016; 4:2000310. [PMID: 27777829 PMCID: PMC5074346 DOI: 10.1109/jtehm.2016.2615899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS) to elicit the vestibulo-ocular reflex has long been used in clinical settings to aid in the diagnosis of balance disorders and to confirm the absence of brainstem function. While a number of studies have hinted at the potential therapeutic applications of CVS, the limitations of existing devices have frustrated that potential. Current CVS irrigators use water or air during short-duration applications; however, this approach is not tenable for longer duration therapeutic protocols or home use. Here, we describe a solid-state CVS device we developed in order to address these limitations. This device delivers tightly controlled time-varying thermal waveforms, which can be programmed through an external control unit. It contains several safety features, which limit patients to the prescribed waveform and prevent the potential for temperature extremes. In this paper, we provide evidence that CVS treatment with time-varying, but not constant temperature waveforms, elicits changes in cerebral blood flow physiology consistent with the neuromodulation of brainstem centers, and we present results from a small pilot study, which demonstrate that the CVS can safely and feasibly be used longitudinally in the home setting to treat episodic migraine. Together, these results indicate that this solid-state CVS device may be a viable tool for non-invasive neuromodulation.
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Kim JH, Lee BH, Go SM, Seo SW, Heilman KM, Na DL. Improvement of hemispatial neglect by a see-through head-mounted display: a preliminary study. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2015; 12:114. [PMID: 26666223 PMCID: PMC4678567 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-015-0094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with right hemisphere damage are often unaware of, inattentive to and fail to interact with stimuli on their left side. This disorder, called hemispatial neglect, is a major source of disability. Inducing leftward ocular pursuit by optokinetic stimulation (OKS) relieves some of the signs of unilateral neglect. However, it is difficult to provide patients with a continuously moving background that is required for OKS. We studied whether OKS projected onto a see-through head-mounted display (HMD) would help treat neglect. Methods 14 patients with neglect after cerebral infarction performed line bisections on a computer screen, both with and without OKS that was either delivered by the HMD or on the same screen that was displaying the lines that were to be bisected. Results The line bisection performances were significantly different in the four conditions (P < 0.001). The post hoc analyses indicated that the rightward deviation observed in the control conditions on the line bisection tasks without OKS, improved significantly with the use OKS in both the HMD and screen conditions (α < 0.05). The results between the screen and HMD conditions were also different (α < 0.05). The OKS in the HMD condition corrected patients’ rightward deviation more toward the actual midline than did the OKS provided during the screen condition. Conclusions OKS projected onto the see-through HMD improved hemispatial neglect. The development of a portable device may aid in the treatment of neglect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Center, Ilsan hospital, National Health Insurance Service, Goyang, South Korea.
| | - Byung Hwa Lee
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, South Korea. .,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Seok Min Go
- Dr. Hwang's Neurology clinic, Suncheon, South Korea.
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, South Korea. .,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Kenneth M Heilman
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, South Korea. .,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
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14
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Paschke K, Kagan I, Wüstenberg T, Bähr M, Wilke M. Trunk rotation affects temporal order judgments with direct saccades: Influence of handedness. Neuropsychologia 2015; 79:123-37. [PMID: 26518506 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Manipulation of the trunk midline has been shown to improve visuospatial performance in patients with unilateral visual neglect. The goal of the present study was to disentangle motor and perceptual components of egocentric midline manipulations and to investigate the contribution of individual hand preference. Two versions of visual temporal order judgment (TOJ) tasks were tested in healthy right- and left-handed subjects while trunk rotation was varied. In the congruent version, subjects were required to execute a saccade to the first of two horizontal stimuli presented with different stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA). In the incongruent version, subjects were required to perform a vertical saccade to a pre-learned color target, thereby dissociating motor response from the perceptual stimulus location. The main findings of this study are a trunk rotation and response direction specific impact on temporal judgments in form of a prior entry bias for right hemifield stimuli during rightward trunk rotation, but only in the congruent task. This trunk rotation-induced spatial bias was most pronounced in left-handed participants but had the same sign in the right-handed group. Results suggest that egocentric midline shifts in healthy subjects induce a spatially-specific motor, but not a perceptual, bias and underline the importance of taking individual differences in functional laterality such as handedness and mode of perceptual report into account when evaluating effects of trunk rotation in either healthy subjects or neurological patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Paschke
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medicine Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medicine Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medicine Goettingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Igor Kagan
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medicine Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; DFG Center for Nanoscale Microscopy & Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Germany
| | - Melanie Wilke
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medicine Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; DFG Center for Nanoscale Microscopy & Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Germany.
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15
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Chen X, Deangelis GC, Angelaki DE. Diverse spatial reference frames of vestibular signals in parietal cortex. Neuron 2013; 80:1310-21. [PMID: 24239126 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Reference frames are important for understanding how sensory cues from different modalities are coordinated to guide behavior, and the parietal cortex is critical to these functions. We compare reference frames of vestibular self-motion signals in the ventral intraparietal area (VIP), parietoinsular vestibular cortex (PIVC), and dorsal medial superior temporal area (MSTd). Vestibular heading tuning in VIP is invariant to changes in both eye and head positions, indicating a body (or world)-centered reference frame. Vestibular signals in PIVC have reference frames that are intermediate between head and body centered. In contrast, MSTd neurons show reference frames between head and eye centered but not body centered. Eye and head position gain fields were strongest in MSTd and weakest in PIVC. Our findings reveal distinct spatial reference frames for representing vestibular signals and pose new challenges for understanding the respective roles of these areas in potentially diverse vestibular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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16
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Maxton C, Dineen RA, Padamsey RC, Munshi SK. Don't neglect 'neglect'- an update on post stroke neglect. Int J Clin Pract 2013; 67:369-78. [PMID: 23521329 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Post-stroke neglect is common and an independent predictor of functional outcome. Assessment of neglect is very demanding, the treatment extremely difficult and the literature vast; we performed a literature search for all aspects of this difficult subject. METHODS We searched the PubMed, EMBASE databases and historical manuals for authoritative studies on post stroke neglect between 1951 and 2011. FINDINGS There is a great dearth of randomised controlled data on neglect because standardised assessment does not occur frequently. Eighty-eight manuscripts were identified in the literature, which were quite heterogeneous in their content and addressing diverse aspects of this clinical entity. INTERPRETATION AND IMPLICATIONS The most important historical papers were selected along with the most widely accepted and proven strategies for assessment and treatment. Standardised assessment of neglect does not always occur, but several useful strategies are available and are described in the following sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Maxton
- Department of Stroke Medicine, Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, UK
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