1
|
Ow CPC, Okazaki N, Iguchi N, Peiris RM, Evans RG, Hood SG, May CN, Bellomo R, Lankadeva YR. Effects of furosemide, acetazolamide and amiloride on renal cortical and medullary tissue oxygenation in non-anaesthetised healthy sheep. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:766-778. [PMID: 38551893 PMCID: PMC11061632 DOI: 10.1113/ep091479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
It has been proposed that diuretics can improve renal tissue oxygenation through inhibition of tubular sodium reabsorption and reduced metabolic demand. However, the impact of clinically used diuretic drugs on the renal cortical and medullary microcirculation is unclear. Therefore, we examined the effects of three commonly used diuretics, at clinically relevant doses, on renal cortical and medullary perfusion and oxygenation in non-anaesthetised healthy sheep. Merino ewes received acetazolamide (250 mg; n = 9), furosemide (20 mg; n = 10) or amiloride (10 mg; n = 7) intravenously. Systemic and renal haemodynamics, renal cortical and medullary tissue perfusion andP O 2 ${P_{{{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{2}}}}}$ , and renal function were then monitored for up to 8 h post-treatment. The peak diuretic response occurred 2 h (99.4 ± 14.8 mL/h) after acetazolamide, at which stage cortical and medullary tissue perfusion andP O 2 ${P_{{{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{2}}}}}$ were not significantly different from their baseline levels. The peak diuretic response to furosemide occurred at 1 h (196.5 ± 12.3 mL/h) post-treatment but there were no significant changes in cortical and medullary tissue oxygenation during this period. However, cortical tissueP O 2 ${P_{{{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{2}}}}}$ fell from 40.1 ± 3.8 mmHg at baseline to 17.2 ± 4.4 mmHg at 3 h and to 20.5 ± 5.3 mmHg at 6 h after furosemide administration. Amiloride did not produce a diuretic response and was not associated with significant changes in cortical or medullary tissue oxygenation. In conclusion, clinically relevant doses of diuretic agents did not improve regional renal tissue oxygenation in healthy animals during the 8 h experimentation period. On the contrary, rebound renal cortical hypoxia may develop after dissipation of furosemide-induced diuresis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Connie P. C. Ow
- Preclinical Critical Care Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Nobuki Okazaki
- Preclinical Critical Care Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Anesthesiology and ResuscitologyOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
| | - Naoya Iguchi
- Preclinical Critical Care Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Rachel M. Peiris
- Preclinical Critical Care Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Roger G. Evans
- Preclinical Critical Care Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of PhysiologyMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Sally G. Hood
- Preclinical Critical Care Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Clive N. May
- Preclinical Critical Care Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical SchoolUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Rinaldo Bellomo
- Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical SchoolUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC‐RC), School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Intensive CareAustin HospitalMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Intensive CareRoyal Melbourne HospitalMelbourneAustralia
- Data Analytics Research and Evaluation CentreAustin HospitalMelbourneAustralia
| | - Yugeesh R. Lankadeva
- Preclinical Critical Care Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical SchoolUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Temchura V, Wagner JT, Damm D. Immunogenicity of Recombinant Lipid-Based Nanoparticle Vaccines: Danger Signal vs. Helping Hand. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 38258035 PMCID: PMC10818441 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a predominant problem in human health. While the incidence of many pathogenic infections is controlled by vaccines, some pathogens still pose a challenging task for vaccine researchers. In order to face these challenges, the field of vaccine development has changed tremendously over the last few years. For non-replicating recombinant antigens, novel vaccine delivery systems that attempt to increase the immunogenicity by mimicking structural properties of pathogens are already approved for clinical applications. Lipid-based nanoparticles (LbNPs) of different natures are vesicles made of lipid layers with aqueous cavities, which may carry antigens and other biomolecules either displayed on the surface or encapsulated in the cavity. However, the efficacy profile of recombinant LbNP vaccines is not as high as that of live-attenuated ones. This review gives a compendious picture of two approaches that affect the immunogenicity of recombinant LbNP vaccines: (i) the incorporation of immunostimulatory agents and (ii) the utilization of pre-existing or promiscuous cellular immunity, which might be beneficial for the development of tailored prophylactic and therapeutic LbNP vaccine candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Temchura
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | | | - Dominik Damm
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Klimova N, Holubova J, Streparola G, Tomala J, Brazdilova L, Stanek O, Bumba L, Sebo P. Pertussis toxin suppresses dendritic cell-mediated delivery of B. pertussis into lung-draining lymph nodes. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010577. [PMID: 35666769 PMCID: PMC9216613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenylate cyclase (ACT) and the pertussis (PT) toxins of Bordetella pertussis exert potent immunomodulatory activities that synergize to suppress host defense in the course of whooping cough pathogenesis. We compared the mouse lung infection capacities of B. pertussis (Bp) mutants (Bp AC− or Bp PT–) producing enzymatically inactive toxoids and confirm that ACT action is required for maximal bacterial proliferation in the first days of infection, whereas PT action is crucial for persistence of B. pertussis in mouse lungs. Despite accelerated and near complete clearance from the lungs by day 14 of infection, the PT− bacteria accumulated within the lymphoid tissue of lung-draining mediastinal lymph nodes (mLNs). In contrast, the wild type or AC− bacteria colonized the lungs but did not enter into mLNs. Lung infection by the PT− mutant triggered an early arrival of migratory conventional dendritic cells with associated bacteria into mLNs, where the PT− bacteria entered the T cell-rich paracortex of mLNs by day 5 and proliferated in clusters within the B-cell zone (cortex) of mLNs by day 14, being eventually phagocytosed by infiltrating neutrophils. Finally, only infection by the PT− bacteria triggered an early production of anti-B. pertussis serum IgG antibodies already within 14 days of infection. These results reveal that action of the pertussis toxin blocks DC-mediated delivery of B. pertussis bacteria into mLNs and prevents bacterial colonization of mLNs, thus hampering early adaptive immune response to B. pertussis infection. Of the three classical Bordetella species causing respiratory infections in mammals, only the human-specialized whooping cough agent B. pertussis produces the pertussis toxin (PT) as its major virulence factor. Human pertussis is an acute respiratory illness and the pleiotropic activities of pertussis toxin account for the characteristic systemic manifestations of the disease, such as hyperleukocytosis, histamine sensitization, hyperinsulinemia, or inflammatory lung pathology. We found that PT activity inhibits the migration of infected dendritic cells from the lungs into the draining mediastinal lymph nodes (mLNs). This prevents mLN infection by bacteria evading from migratory cells and delivery of bacterial antigens into mLNs. As a result, the induction of adaptive serum antibody responses to infection is delayed. We thus propose that PT action serves to create a time window for proliferation of B. pertussis on airway mucosa to facilitate transmission of the pathogen among humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nela Klimova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences,Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Holubova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences,Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gaia Streparola
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences,Prague, Czech Republic
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Tomala
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences,Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Brazdilova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences,Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Stanek
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences,Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Bumba
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences,Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (LB); (PS)
| | - Peter Sebo
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences,Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (LB); (PS)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Antoniak K, Hansdorfer-Korzon R, Mrugacz M, Zorena K. Adipose Tissue and Biological Factors. Possible Link between Lymphatic System Dysfunction and Obesity. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090617. [PMID: 34564433 PMCID: PMC8464765 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognised obesity as one of the top ten threats to human health. Obesity is not only a state of abnormally increased adipose tissue in the body, but also of an increased release of biologically active metabolites. Moreover, obesity predisposes the development of metabolic syndrome and increases the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), increases the risk of developing insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, hypertension and cancer. The lymphatic system is a one-directional network of thin-walled capillaries and larger vessels covered by a continuous layer of endothelial cells that provides a unidirectional conduit to return filtered arterial and tissue metabolites towards the venous circulation. Recent studies have shown that obesity can markedly impair lymphatic function. Conversely, dysfunction in the lymphatic system may also be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity. This review highlights the important findings regarding obesity related to lymphatic system dysfunction, including clinical implications and experimental studies. Moreover, we present the role of biological factors in the pathophysiology of the lymphatic system and we propose the possibility of a therapy supporting the function of the lymphatic system in the course of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Antoniak
- Department of Immunobiology and Environment Microbiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Rita Hansdorfer-Korzon
- Department of Physical Therapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Mrugacz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Rehabilitation, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Zorena
- Department of Immunobiology and Environment Microbiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +48-583491765
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Steele MM, Lund AW. Afferent Lymphatic Transport and Peripheral Tissue Immunity. J Immunol 2021; 206:264-272. [PMID: 33397740 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels provide an anatomical framework for immune surveillance and adaptive immune responses. Although appreciated as the route for Ag and dendritic cell transport, peripheral lymphatic vessels are often not considered active players in immune surveillance. Lymphatic vessels, however, integrate contextual cues that directly regulate transport, including changes in intrinsic pumping and capillary remodeling, and express a dynamic repertoire of inflammatory chemokines and adhesion molecules that facilitates leukocyte egress out of inflamed tissue. These mechanisms together contribute to the course of peripheral tissue immunity. In this review, we focus on context-dependent mechanisms that regulate fluid and cellular transport out of peripheral nonlymphoid tissues to provide a framework for understanding the effects of afferent lymphatic transport on immune surveillance, peripheral tissue inflammation, and adaptive immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Steele
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Amanda W Lund
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; .,Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nho R. Pathological effects of nano-sized particles on the respiratory system. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine 2020; 29:102242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
7
|
Lankadeva YR, May CN, McKinley MJ, Neeland MR, Ma S, Hocking DM, Robins-Browne R, Bedoui S, Farmer DGS, Bailey SR, Martelli D, McAllen RM. Sympathetic nerves control bacterial clearance. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15009. [PMID: 32929135 PMCID: PMC7490383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A neural reflex mediated by the splanchnic sympathetic nerves regulates systemic inflammation in negative feedback fashion, but its consequences for host responses to live infection are unknown. To test this, conscious instrumented sheep were infected intravenously with live E. coli bacteria and followed for 48 h. A month previously, animals had undergone either bilateral splanchnic nerve section or a sham operation. As established for rodents, sheep with cut splanchnic nerves mounted a stronger systemic inflammatory response: higher blood levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 but lower levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10, compared with sham-operated animals. Sequential blood cultures revealed that most sham-operated sheep maintained high circulating levels of live E. coli throughout the 48-h study period, while all sheep without splanchnic nerves rapidly cleared their bacteraemia and recovered clinically. The sympathetic inflammatory reflex evidently has a profound influence on the clearance of systemic bacterial infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yugeesh R Lankadeva
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Clive N May
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Michael J McKinley
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | | | - Shuai Ma
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Dianna M Hocking
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne At the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Roy Robins-Browne
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne At the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sammy Bedoui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne At the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David G S Farmer
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Simon R Bailey
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Davide Martelli
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Robin M McAllen
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels collect interstitial fluid that has extravasated from blood vessels and return it to the circulatory system. Another important function of the lymphatic network is to facilitate immune cell migration and antigen transport from the periphery to draining lymph nodes. This migration plays a crucial role in immune surveillance, initiation of immune responses and tolerance. Here we discuss the significance and mechanisms of lymphatic migration of innate and adaptive immune cells in homeostasis, inflammation and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatyana Chtanova
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vreman S, McCaffrey J, Popma-de Graaf DJ, Nauwynck H, Savelkoul HFJ, Moore A, Rebel JMJ, Stockhofe-Zurwieden N. Toll-like receptor agonists as adjuvants for inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2019; 212:27-37. [PMID: 31213249 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists can effectively stimulate antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and are anticipated to be promising adjuvants in combination with inactivated vaccines. In this study, the adjuvant potential of three different TLR-agonists were compared with an oil-in-water (O/W) adjuvant in combination with inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (iPRRSV) applied by different administration routes: intramuscular (i.m.) or into the skin using dissolving microneedle (DMN) patches. Pigs received a prime vaccination followed by a booster vaccination four weeks later. TLR1/2 (Pam3Cys), TLR7/8 (R848) or TLR9 (CpG ODN) agonists were used as adjuvant in combination with iPRRSV strain 07V063. O/W adjuvant (Montanide™) was used as reference control adjuvant and one group received a placebo vaccination containing diluent only. All animals received a homologous challenge with PRRSV three weeks after the booster vaccination. Antibody and IFN-γ production, serum cytokines and viremia were measured at several time-points after vaccination and/or challenge, and lung pathology at necropsy. Our results indicate that a TLR 1/2, 7/8 or 9 agonist as adjuvant with iPRRSV does not induce a detectable PRRSV-specific immune response, independent of the administration route. However, the i.m. TLR9 agonist group showed reduction of viremia upon challenge compared to the non-vaccinated animals, supported by a non-antigen-specific IFN-γ level after booster vaccination and an anamnestic antibody response after challenge. Montanide™-adjuvanted iPRRSV induced antigen-specific immunity after booster combined with reduction of vireamia. Skin application of TLR7/8 agonist, but not the other agonists, induced a local skin reaction. Further research is needed to explore the potential of TLR agonists as adjuvants for inactivated porcine vaccines with a preference for TLR9 agonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Vreman
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands; Cell Biology & Immunology group, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands.
| | | | | | - Hans Nauwynck
- Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Huub F J Savelkoul
- Cell Biology & Immunology group, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Moore
- School of Pharmacy, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Johanna M J Rebel
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maderazo DL, Flegg JA, Neeland MR, de Veer MJ, Flegg MB. Physiological factors leading to a successful vaccination: A computational approach. J Theor Biol 2018; 454:215-30. [PMID: 29894721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The immune system mounts a response to an infection by activating T cells. T cell activation occurs when dendritic cells, which have already interacted with the pathogen, scan a T cell that is cognate for (responsive to) the pathogen. This often occurs inside lymph nodes. The time it takes for this scanning event to occur, indeed the probability that it will occur at all, depends on many factors, including the rate that T cells and dendritic cells enter and leave the lymph node as well as the geometry of the lymph node and of course other cellular and molecular parameters. In this paper, we develop a hybrid stochastic-deterministic mathematical model at the tissue scale of the lymph node and simulate dendritic cells and cognate T cells to investigate the most important physiological factors leading to a successful and timely immune response after a vaccination. We use an agent-based model to describe the small population of cognate naive T cells and a partial differential equation description for the concentration of mature dendritic cells. We estimate the model parameters based on the known literature and measurements previously taken in our lab. We perform a parameter sensitivity analysis to quantify the sensitivity of the model results to the parameters. The results show that increasing T cell inflow through high endothelial venules, restricting cellular egress via the efferent lymph and increasing the total dendritic cell count by improving vaccinations are the among the most important physiological factors leading to an improved immune response. We also find that increasing the physical size of lymph nodes improves the overall likelihood that an immune response will take place but has a fairly weak effect on the response rate. The nature of dendritic cell trafficking through the LN (either passive or active transport) seems to have little effect on the overall immune response except if a change in overall egress time is observed.
Collapse
|
11
|
Neeland MR, Shi W, Collignon C, Meeusen ENT, Didierlaurent AM, de Veer MJ. The adjuvant system AS01 up-regulates neutrophil CD14 expression and neutrophil-associated antigen transport in the local lymphatic network. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 192:46-53. [PMID: 29194575 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The liposome-based adjuvant system AS01 is under evaluation for use in several vaccines in clinical development. We have shown previously that AS01 injected with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) induces a distinct cellular signature within the draining lymphatics that enhances local lymphocyte recruitment and antigen-specific humoral immunity. Here, we show that AS01-induced neutrophil recruitment is associated with increased expression of CD14 and enhanced antigen uptake capacity in neutrophils from both afferent and efferent lymphatic compartments during the first 48 h after vaccination. Significant and transient increases in CD14 expression on systemic neutrophils were also observed following primary and boost vaccination with HBsAg-AS01; however, they were not observed following additional encounter with HBsAg-alone or HBsAg-alum. These results show that following immunization with AS01, neutrophils expressing higher levels of CD14 are both more abundant and efficient at antigen uptake, warranting further investigation into the role of neutrophil-associated CD14 in the adjuvanticity of AS01.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Neeland
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - W Shi
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - E N T Meeusen
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - M J de Veer
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Song C, Phuengkham H, Kim SY, Lee MS, Jeong JH, Shin SJ, Lim YT. Aminated nanomicelles as a designer vaccine adjuvant to trigger inflammasomes and multiple arms of the innate immune response in lymph nodes. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:7501-7517. [PMID: 29066896 PMCID: PMC5644533 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s144623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we suggest a designer vaccine adjuvant that can mimic the drainage of pathogens into lymph nodes and activate innate immune response in lymph nodes. By the amination of multivalent carboxyl groups in poly-(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) nanomicelles, the size was reduced for rapid entry into lymphatic vessels, and the immunologically inert nanomicelles were turned into potential activators of inflammasomes. Aminated γ-PGA nanomicelles (aPNMs) induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the subsequent release of proinflammatory IL-1β. The NLRP3-dependent inflammasome induction mechanism was confirmed through enzyme (cathepsin B and caspase-1) inhibitors and NLRP3 knockout mice model. After the aPNMs were combined with a clinically evaluated TLR3 agonist, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium salt (aPNM-IC), they triggered multiple arms of the innate immune response, including the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by both inflammasomes and an inflammasome-independent pathway and the included type I interferons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanyoung Song
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering
| | | | - Sun-Young Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering
| | - Min Sang Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon
| | - Sung Jae Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Taik Lim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Neeland MR, Shi W, Collignon C, Taubenheim N, Meeusen ENT, Didierlaurent AM, de Veer MJ. The Lymphatic Immune Response Induced by the Adjuvant AS01: A Comparison of Intramuscular and Subcutaneous Immunization Routes. J Immunol 2016; 197:2704-14. [PMID: 27549170 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The liposome-based adjuvant AS01 incorporates two immune stimulants, 3-O-desacyl-4'-monophosphoryl lipid A and the saponin QS-21. AS01 is under investigation for use in several vaccines in clinical development. i.m. injection of AS01 enhances immune cell activation and dendritic cell (DC) Ag presentation in the local muscle-draining lymph node. However, cellular and Ag trafficking in the lymphatic vessels that connect an i.m. injection site with the local lymph node has not been investigated. The objectives of this study were: 1) to quantify the in vivo cellular immune response induced by AS01 in an outbred ovine model, 2) to develop a lymphatic cannulation model that directly collects lymphatic fluid draining the muscle, and 3) to investigate the function of immune cells entering and exiting the lymphatic compartments after s.c. or i.m. vaccination with AS01 administered with hepatitis B surface Ag (HBsAg). We show that HBsAg-AS01 induces a distinct immunogenic cellular signature within the blood and draining lymphatics following both immunization routes. We reveal that MHCII(high) migratory DCs, neutrophils, and monocytes can acquire Ag within muscle and s.c. afferent lymph, and that HBsAg-AS01 uniquely induces the selective migration of Ag-positive neutrophils, monocytes, and an MHCII(high) DC-like cell type out of the lymph node via the efferent lymphatics that may enhance Ag-specific immunity. We report the characterization of the immune response in the lymphatic network after i.m. and s.c. injection of a clinically relevant vaccine, all in real time using a dose and volume comparable with that administered in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R Neeland
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; and
| | - Wei Shi
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; and
| | | | - Nadine Taubenheim
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; and
| | - Els N T Meeusen
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; and
| | | | - Michael J de Veer
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; and
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liang F, Loré K. Local innate immune responses in the vaccine adjuvant-injected muscle. Clin Transl Immunology 2016; 5:e74. [PMID: 27195117 PMCID: PMC4855268 DOI: 10.1038/cti.2016.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inducing a high magnitude of antibodies, possibly in combination with T-cell responses that offer epitope breadth over prolonged periods of time is likely a prerequisite for effective vaccines against severe diseases such as HIV-1 infection, malaria and tuberculosis. A much better understanding of the innate immune mechanisms that are critical for inducing desired responses to vaccination would help in the design of novel vaccines. The majority of human vaccines are administered into the muscle. In this brief review, we focus on the initial innate immune events that occur locally at the site of intramuscular vaccine delivery, and how they are influenced by clinically approved vaccine adjuvants. In particular, the effects on cell mobilization, cell activation and vaccine antigen uptake are reviewed. Understanding how distinct adjuvants enhance and tailor vaccine responses would facilitate the selection of the best-suited adjuvant to improve vaccine efficacy to a given pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Liang
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Loré
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
van den Hout MFCM, Sluijter BJR, Santegoets SJAM, van Leeuwen PAM, van den Tol MP, van den Eertwegh AJM, Scheper RJ, de Gruijl TD. Local delivery of CpG-B and GM-CSF induces concerted activation of effector and regulatory T cells in the human melanoma sentinel lymph node. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2016; 65:405-15. [PMID: 26935057 PMCID: PMC4826413 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1811-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Impaired immune effector functions in the melanoma sentinel lymph node (SLN) may allow for early metastatic events. In an effort to determine the optimal way to strengthen immune defenses, 28 clinical stage I-II melanoma patients were randomized in a 3-arm Phase II study to receive, prior to excision and sampling of the SLN, i.d. injections of saline or low-dose CpG-B (CpG), alone or combined with GM-CSF (GM), around the melanoma excision site. We previously described the combined administration of these DC-targeting agents to result in activation and recruitment of potentially cross-presenting BDCA3(+) DCs to the SLN. In this report we describe the effects on effector and regulatory T and NK cell subsets. Local low-dose CpG administration resulted in lower CD4/CD8 ratios, Th1 skewing, increased frequencies of melanoma-specific CD8(+) T cells and possible recruitment of effector NK cells, irrespective of GM co-administration. These immune-potentiating effects were counterbalanced by increased IL-10 production by T cells and significantly higher levels of FoxP3 and CTLA4 in regulatory T cells (Tregs) with correspondingly higher suppressive activity in the SLN. Notably, CpG ± GM-administered patients showed significantly lower numbers of SLN metastases (saline: 4/9, CpG + GM: 1/9, CpG: 0/10, p = 0.04). These findings indicate that i.d. delivery of low-dose CpG ± GM potentially arms the SLN of early-stage melanoma patients against metastatic spread, but that antitumor efficacy may be further boosted by counteracting the collateral activation of Tregs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mari F C M van den Hout
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Berbel J R Sluijter
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia J A M Santegoets
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Room CCA 2.44, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A M van Leeuwen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Petrousjka van den Tol
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfons J M van den Eertwegh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Room CCA 2.44, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rik J Scheper
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Room CCA 2.44, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mahakapuge TAN, Scheerlinck JPY, Rojas CAA, Every AL, Hagen J. Assessment of reference genes for reliable analysis of gene transcription by RT-qPCR in ovine leukocytes. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 171:1-6. [PMID: 26964711 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the availability of genetic sequencing data, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) is increasingly being used for the quantification of gene transcription across species. Too often there is little regard to the selection of reference genes and the impact that a poor choice has on data interpretation. Indeed, RT-qPCR provides a snapshot of relative gene transcription at a given time-point, and hence is highly dependent on the stability of the transcription of the reference gene(s). Using ovine efferent lymph cells and peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells (PBMCs), the two most frequently used leukocytes in immunological studies, we have compared the stability of transcription of the most commonly used ovine reference genes: YWHAZ, RPL-13A, PGK1, B2M, GAPDH, HPRT, SDHA and ACTB. Using established algorithms for reference gene normalization "geNorm" and "Norm Finder", PGK1, GAPDH and YWHAZ were deemed the most stably transcribed genes for efferent leukocytes and PGK1, YWHAZ and SDHA were optimal in PBMCs. These genes should therefore be considered for accurate and reproducible RT-qPCR data analysis of gene transcription in sheep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T A N Mahakapuge
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - J-P Y Scheerlinck
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - C A Alvarez Rojas
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - A L Every
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - J Hagen
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mauro A, Russo V, Di Marcantonio L, Berardinelli P, Martelli A, Muttini A, Mattioli M, Barboni B. M1 and M2 macrophage recruitment during tendon regeneration induced by amniotic epithelial cell allotransplantation in ovine. Res Vet Sci 2016; 105:92-102. [PMID: 27033915 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we have demonstrated that ovine amniotic epithelial cells (oAECs) allotransplanted into experimentally induced tendon lesions are able to stimulate tissue regeneration also by reducing leukocyte infiltration. Amongst leukocytes, macrophages (Mφ) M1 and M2 phenotype cells are known to mediate inflammatory and repairing processes, respectively. In this research it was investigated if, during tendon regeneration induced by AECs allotransplantation, M1Mφ and M2Mφ phenotype cells are recruited and differently distributed within the lesion site. Ovine AECs treated and untreated (Ctr) tendons were explanted at 7, 14, and 28 days and tissue microarchitecture was analyzed together with the distribution and quantification of leukocytes (CD45 positive), Mφ (CD68 pan positive), and M1Mφ (CD86, and IL12b) and M2Mφ (CD206, YM1 and IL10) phenotype related markers. In oAEC transplanted tendons CD45 and CD68 positive cells were always reduced in the lesion site. At day 14, oAEC treated tendons began to recover their microarchitecture, contextually a reduction of M1Mφ markers, mainly distributed close to oAECs, and an increase of M2Mφ markers was evidenced. CD206 positive cells were distributed near the regenerating areas. At day 28 oAECs treated tendons acquired a healthy-like structure with a reduction of M2Mφ. Differently, Ctr tendons maintained a disorganized morphology throughout the experimental time and constantly showed high values of M1Mφ markers. These findings indicate that M2Mφ recruitment could be correlated to tendon regeneration induced by oAECs allotransplantation. Moreover, these results demonstrate oAECs immunomodulatory role also in vivo and support novel insights into their allogeneic use underlying the resolution of tendon fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annunziata Mauro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Campus Universitario Coste S. Agostino Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; StemTeCh Group, Italy
| | - Valentina Russo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Campus Universitario Coste S. Agostino Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; StemTeCh Group, Italy.
| | - Lisa Di Marcantonio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Campus Universitario Coste S. Agostino Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paolo Berardinelli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Campus Universitario Coste S. Agostino Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Martelli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Campus Universitario Coste S. Agostino Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Aurelio Muttini
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Campus Universitario Coste S. Agostino Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; StemTeCh Group, Italy
| | - Mauro Mattioli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Campus Universitario Coste S. Agostino Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Campus Universitario Coste S. Agostino Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; StemTeCh Group, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bioley G, Lassus A, Terrettaz J, Tranquart F, Corthésy B. Long-term persistence of immunity induced by OVA-coupled gas-filled microbubble vaccination partially protects mice against infection by OVA-expressing Listeria. Biomaterials 2015; 57:153-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
19
|
Neeland MR, Elhay MJ, Powell DR, Rossello FJ, Meeusen ENT, de Veer MJ. Transcriptional profile in afferent lymph cells following vaccination with liposomes incorporating CpG. Immunology 2015; 144:518-529. [PMID: 25308816 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine formulations incorporating innate immune stimulants are highly immunogenic; however, the biological signals that originate in the peripheral tissues at the site of injection and are transmitted to the local lymph node to induce immunity remain unclear. By directly cannulating the ovine afferent lymphatic vessels, we have previously shown that it takes 72 hr for mature antigen-loaded dendritic cells and monocytes to appear within afferent lymph following injection of a liposomal formulation containing the Toll-like receptor ligand CpG. In this present study, we characterize the global transcriptional signatures at this time-point in ovine afferent lymph cells as they migrate from the injection site into the lymphatics following vaccination with a liposome antigen formulation incorporating CpG. We show that at 72 hr post vaccination, liposomes alone induce no changes in gene expression and inflammatory profiles within afferent lymph; however, the incorporation of CpG drives interferon, antiviral and cytotoxic gene programmes. This study also measures the expression of key genes within individual cell types in afferent lymph. Antiviral gene signatures are most prominent in lymphocytes, which may play a significant and unexpected role in sustaining the immune response to vaccination at the site of injection. These findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the in vivo immunological pathways that connect the injection site with the local draining lymph node following vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R Neeland
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Martin J Elhay
- Zoetis Research and Manufacturing Australia P/L, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - David R Powell
- Victorian Bioinformatics Consortium, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia.,Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative, Life Sciences Computation Centre, Carlton, Vic., Australia
| | - Fernando J Rossello
- Victorian Bioinformatics Consortium, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia.,Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative, Life Sciences Computation Centre, Carlton, Vic., Australia
| | - Els N T Meeusen
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia.,Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Michael J de Veer
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The early stages of the induction of a primary immune response to a vaccine can shape the overall quality of the immune memory generated and hence affect the success of the vaccine. This early interaction between a vaccine and the immune system occurs first at the site of vaccination and can be explored using afferent cannulation. Subsequently, the vaccine and adjuvant activates the local draining lymph node. These interactions can be studied in real time in vivo using efferent lymphatic duct cannulation in large animal models and are the subject of this review. Depending on how the vaccine is delivered, the draining lymph nodes of different organs can be accessed, facilitating the testing of tissue-specific vaccinations. The efferent lymphatic cannulation model provides an avenue to study the effect of both adjuvants and antigen on the local immune system, and hence opens a pathway toward developing more effective ways of inducing immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thilini An Mahakapuge
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kastner E, Schmidt ST, Wilkinson A, Christensen D, Perrie Y. The Application of Liposomes as Vaccine Adjuvants. Advances in Delivery Science and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1417-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
|
22
|
Neeland MR, Elhay MJ, Meeusen ENT, de Veer MJ. Vaccination with liposomal poly(I:C) induces discordant maturation of migratory dendritic cell subsets and anti-viral gene signatures in afferent lymph cells. Vaccine 2014; 32:6183-92. [PMID: 25280435 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Vaccine formulations administered in the periphery must activate naive immune cells within the lymph node. In this study, we have directly cannulated the ovine lymphatic vessels to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms that transfer information from the periphery into the local draining lymph node via the afferent lymph. Inclusion of poly(I:C) into a liposomal vaccine formulation enhances the neutrophil-associated inflammatory immune response in afferent lymph and increases antigen uptake by migratory dendritic cells (DCs). Interestingly, antigen positive migratory DCs undergo discordant maturation, with peak expression of CD86 at 4 h and CD80 at 48-72 h post vaccination. Afferent lymph monocytes up-regulate expression of genes related to inflammatory and anti-viral immune phenotypes following vaccination however show no differentiation into APCs prior to their migration to the local lymph node as measured by surface MHC II expression. Finally, this study reveals the addition of poly(I:C) increases systemic antigen-specific humoral immunity. These findings provide a detailed understanding of the real time in vivo immune response induced by liposomes incorporating the innate immune agonist poly(I:C) utilising a vaccination setting comparable to that administered in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R Neeland
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Wellington Road Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Martin J Elhay
- Zoetis Research and Manufacturing Australia P/L, 45 Poplar Road, Parkville VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Els N T Meeusen
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Wellington Road Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Michael J de Veer
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Wellington Road Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|