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Galli TT, de Campos EC, do Nascimento Camargo L, Fukuzaki S, Dos Santos TM, Hamaguchi SSS, Bezerra SKM, Silva FJA, Rezende BG, Dos Santos Lopes FTQ, Olivo CR, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, Prado CM, Leick EA, Bourotte CLM, Benseñor IJM, Lotufo PA, Righetti RF, Tibério IFLC. Effects of environmental exposure to iron powder on healthy and elastase-exposed mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9134. [PMID: 38644380 PMCID: PMC11033283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to iron powder and other mineral dusts can threaten the health of individuals, especially those with COPD. The goal of this study was to determine how environmental exposure to metal dust from two different mining centers in Brazil affects lung mechanics, inflammation, remodeling and oxidative stress responses in healthy and elastase-exposed mice. This study divided 72 male C57Bl/6 mice into two groups, the summer group and the winter group. These groups were further divided into six groups: control, nonexposed (SAL); nonexposed, given elastase (ELA); exposed to metal powder at a mining company (SAL-L1 and ELA-L1); and exposed to a location three miles away from the mining company (SAL-L2 and ELA-L2) for four weeks. On the 29th day of the protocol, the researchers assessed lung mechanics, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inflammation, remodeling, oxidative stress, macrophage iron and alveolar wall alterations (mean linear intercept-Lm). The Lm was increased in the ELA, ELA-L1 and ELA-L2 groups compared to the SAL group (p < 0.05). There was an increase in the total number of cells and macrophages in the ELA-L1 and ELA-L2 groups compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Compared to the ELA and SAL groups, the exposed groups (ELA-L1, ELA-L2, SAL-L1, and SAL-L2) exhibited increased expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, neutrophil elastase, TIMP-1, MMP-9, MMP-12, TGF-β, collagen fibers, MUC5AC, iNOS, Gp91phox, NFkB and iron positive macrophages (p < 0.05). Although we did not find differences in lung mechanics across all groups, there were low to moderate correlations between inflammation remodeling, oxidative stress and NFkB with elastance, resistance of lung tissue and iron positive macrophages (p < 0.05). Environmental exposure to iron, confirmed by evaluation of iron in alveolar macrophages and in air, exacerbated inflammation, initiated remodeling, and induced oxidative stress responses in exposed mice with and without emphysema. Activation of the iNOS, Gp91phox and NFkB pathways play a role in these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Silvia Fukuzaki
- Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Renato Fraga Righetti
- Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iolanda Fátima Lopes Calvo Tibério
- Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil.
- University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903 - Laboratory LIM20, Brazil.
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Fan H, Liu Y, Zhang X, Sun J, Lin N. Clinical significance of elevated soluble T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 and soluble P-selectin in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Saudi Med J 2023; 44:1113-1119. [PMID: 37926453 PMCID: PMC10712773 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2023.44.11.20230452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the serum concentrations of soluble T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (sTIM-1) and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) in individuals who had obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHODS Between December 2020 and November 2022, 134 participants from the Sleep Monitoring Center of the Branch Hospital of Huai'an First People's Hospital, Jiangsu, China, engaged in this cross-sectional study. Participants were categorized as mild OSAHS (n=19), moderate OSAHS (n=22), severe OSAHS (n=57), and non-OSAHS (n=36) groups. Serum levels of sTIM-1, sP-selectin, and interleukin (IL)-6, as well as baseline clinical characteristics and polysomnography outcomes were assessed in each participant. RESULTS Compared to the non-OSAHS group, sTIM-1 and sP-selectin levels were considerably elevated in people who had moderate or severe OSAHS (all p<0.05), but there were no notable changes between those who had mild OSAHS and non-OSAHS participants (p>0.05). The sTIM-1 and sP-selectin levels showed positive associations with the apnea-hypopnea index, body mass index (BMI), and IL-6 levels (all p<0.001). While elevated sTIM-1 was independently related to OSAHS (odds ratio [OR]=1.134, p=0.001), sP-selectin was not associated with OSAHS after adjusting for BMI (OR=1.013, p=0.467). CONCLUSION People with moderate or severe OSAHS had higher serum sTIM-1 and sP-selectin levels, and elevated sTIM-1 is an independently related factor for OSAHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Fan
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Fan, Liu, Sun), Branch Hospital of Huai’an First People’s Hospital; from the Department of Otolaryngology (Zhang); and from the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Lin), the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yanqiu Liu
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Fan, Liu, Sun), Branch Hospital of Huai’an First People’s Hospital; from the Department of Otolaryngology (Zhang); and from the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Lin), the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Fan, Liu, Sun), Branch Hospital of Huai’an First People’s Hospital; from the Department of Otolaryngology (Zhang); and from the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Lin), the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jian Sun
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Fan, Liu, Sun), Branch Hospital of Huai’an First People’s Hospital; from the Department of Otolaryngology (Zhang); and from the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Lin), the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ning Lin
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Fan, Liu, Sun), Branch Hospital of Huai’an First People’s Hospital; from the Department of Otolaryngology (Zhang); and from the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Lin), the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Zhang Y, Yin X, Zheng X. The relationship between PM2.5 and the onset and exacerbation of childhood asthma: a short communication. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1191852. [PMID: 37593445 PMCID: PMC10429171 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1191852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Much is known about the link between air pollution and asthma in adults, particularly fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Studies have found that certain levels of fine PM2.5 can increase airway responsiveness and worsen asthma. PM2.5 may play a role in the onset and exacerbation of childhood asthma. However, there is little in the literature on how PM2.5 affects asthma attacks and exacerbations in children. Asthma is a common chronic disease in children, and air pollution can aggravate it. The effect of PM2.5 on childhood asthma needs further research. By evaluating, reviewing, and collating existing results in this area, this paper aims to explore the relationship between PM2.5 and asthma onset and exacerbation in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xixi Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangrong Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Singh N, Nagar E, Arora N. Diesel exhaust exposure impairs recovery of lung epithelial and cellular damage in murine model. Mol Immunol 2023; 158:1-9. [PMID: 37254294 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies have investigated the relationship between diesel exhaust (DE) exposure and lung health, highlighting the potential for DE to induce pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the resolution of inflammation upon withdrawal of DE exposure needs further investigation. Therefore, resolution of diesel exhaust-induced lung damage was studied in the murine model. Mice (6 weeks) were divided into three groups. Group 1 (control) mice were exposed to filtered air, Group 2 (DE) mice were exposed to DE (5.1 ± 0.7 mg/m3) & Group 3 (DE-FA) mice were exposed to DE followed by filtered air exposure. Airway hyper-responsiveness was recorded after 24 h of the last exposure. BALF and lung samples were collected for cytokine estimation, immunobiological assays, and western blot analysis. DE exposure showed an increase in lung resistance thereby causing alteration in lung function parameters (p < 0.05) which was restored in the DE-FA group. BALF analysis showed a significant increase in total cell count and protein content in DE with no resolution in DE-FA groups (p < 0.05). Lung histology showed no reduction in the bronchiolar thickness and damage in the DE-FA group suggesting irreversible lung damage (p < 0.05). The significant increase in inflammatory cytokine levels, and collagen deposition showed persistent inflammatory phase and lung damage in the DE-FA group(p < 0.05). ZO-1 was significantly decreased in both test groups indicating disintegrated lung epithelium where in claudin-5 expression showed increased lung permeability. A significant increase in neutrophil elastase activity and decreased expression of, Elafin, resulted in lung epithelial damage in the DE-FA group. Lung injury marker alpha1-antitrypsin was increased in DE-FA groups indicating an immune defense mechanism against neutrophil elastase. The study showed that DE exposure causes persistent lung damage via neutrophil elastase-associated disruption of the epithelial barrier integrity and membrane dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Singh
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ekta Nagar
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Naveen Arora
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Garcia A, Santa-Helena E, De Falco A, de Paula Ribeiro J, Gioda A, Gioda CR. Toxicological Effects of Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5): Health Risks and Associated Systemic Injuries-Systematic Review. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2023; 234:346. [PMID: 37250231 PMCID: PMC10208206 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-023-06278-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies focused on investigating particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5) have shown the risk of disease development, and association with increased morbidity and mortality rates. The current review investigate epidemiological and experimental findings from 2016 to 2021, which enabled the systemic overview of PM2.5's toxic impacts on human health. The Web of Science database search used descriptive terms to investigate the interaction among PM2.5 exposure, systemic effects, and COVID-19 disease. Analyzed studies have indicated that cardiovascular and respiratory systems have been extensively investigated and indicated as the main air pollution targets. Nevertheless, PM2.5 reaches other organic systems and harms the renal, neurological, gastrointestinal, and reproductive systems. Pathologies onset and/or get worse due to toxicological effects associated with the exposure to this particle type, since it can trigger several reactions, such as inflammatory responses, oxidative stress generation and genotoxicity. These cellular dysfunctions lead to organ malfunctions, as shown in the current review. In addition, the correlation between COVID-19/Sars-CoV-2 and PM2.5 exposure was also assessed to help better understand the role of atmospheric pollution in the pathophysiology of this disease. Despite the significant number of studies about PM2.5's effects on organic functions, available in the literature, there are still gaps in knowledge about how this particulate matter can hinder human health. The current review aimed to approach the main findings about the effect of PM2.5 exposure on different systems, and demonstrate the likely interaction of COVID-19/Sars-CoV-2 and PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Garcia
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900 Brazil
| | - Eduarda Santa-Helena
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900 Brazil
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Departmento de Química, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anna De Falco
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Departmento de Química, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joaquim de Paula Ribeiro
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900 Brazil
| | - Adriana Gioda
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Departmento de Química, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Rosa Gioda
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900 Brazil
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Kheirouri S, Shanehbandi D, Khordadmehr M, Alizadeh M, Eskandari Vaezi F, Musapour Sultan Abad R, Mesgari-Abbasi M. Effects of sulfur dioxide, ozone, and ambient air pollution on lung histopathology, oxidative-stress biomarkers, and apoptosis-related gene expressions in rats. Exp Lung Res 2022; 48:137-148. [PMID: 35533050 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2022.2072977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Ambient air pollution (AAP) has become an important health problem globally. Besides, several pieces of evidence indicate that air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3) are major contributors to a wide range of non-communicable diseases. The present study investigated the effects of AAP, sulfur dioxide, and ozone on oxidative stress, histopathology, and some apoptosis-related genes expressions of lung tissue in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control, AAP, sulfur dioxide (10 ppm), and ozone (0.6 ppm) groups. After five consecutive weeks' exposure to the selected pollutants (3 h/day), lung tissues were harvested and immediately fixed with formalin. The samples were routinely processed, sectioned, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and finally assessed for presence of pathological changes. Expression changes of BAX, p-53, EGFR, caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 were assayed using the RT-qPCR method. One hundred milligrams of lung tissues were extracted and the supernatants were used for assaying malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase activities. RESULTS GPx activity was increased in the ozone (P = 0.05) and AAP (P < 0.001) groups and also MDA level in sulfur dioxide group (P = 0.008). Pathological lesions were mild, moderate, and severe in the sulfur dioxide, ozone, and AAP groups, respectively, as compared to control group (P ˂ 0.05). Exposure to AAP and sulfur dioxide enhanced BAX (P = 0.002) and caspase-8 (P < 0.001) mRNA expression, respectively. Caspases-3 and -8 mRNA expressions were elevated in ozone group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results indicated induction of oxidative stress. Our results suggest the apoptosis stimuli effect of AAP and also the extrinsic apoptotic pathway trigger effect of sulfur dioxide and ozone in the lung tissue in the concentrations used in the present study. The histopathological and the genes expression changes may be a result of the induced oxidative stress in the lung tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorayya Kheirouri
- Department of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- The Immunology research center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Monireh Khordadmehr
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Morales-Rubio R, Amador-Muñoz O, Rosas-Pérez I, Sánchez-Pérez Y, García-Cuéllar C, Segura-Medina P, Osornio-Vargas Á, De Vizcaya-Ruiz A. PM 2.5 induces airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation via the AhR pathway in a sensitized Guinea pig asthma-like model. Toxicology 2021; 465:153026. [PMID: 34774659 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) induces airway inflammation and hyperreactivity that lead to asthma. The mechanisms involved are still under investigation. We investigated the effect of resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) (RES) on airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and CYP1A1 protein expression (an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) target) induced by PM2.5 exposure in an allergic asthma experimental guinea pig model. The polyphenolic compound RES was used due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and as an antagonist of the AhR; thus, providing mechanistic insights. Animals were sensitized with aluminum hydroxide and ovalbumin and exposed to filtered air or PM2.5. Exposure to PM2.5 was conducted using a whole-body chamber particle concentrator (5 h/day) for 15 days. Animals received saline solution or RES (10 mg/kg per day) orally for 21 days simultaneously to the OVA challenge or PM2.5 exposure. PM2.5 exposure (mean 433 ± 111 μg/m3 in the exposure chamber) in OVA challenged animals induced an asthma-like phenotype characterized by increased baseline lung resistance (Rrs) and central airway resistance (Rn) in response to acetylcholine (ACh) evaluated using a flexiVent system®. A parallel increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α and IFN-γ), inflammatory cells (eosinophils and neutrophils) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung CYP1A1 increase also occurred. RES significantly inhibited airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and CYP1A1 protein expression in the OVA-challenged PM2.5 exposed animals. In summary, with the use of RES we demonstrate that PM-induced airway hyperreactivity is modulated by the inflammatory response via the AhR pathway in an allergic asthma guinea pig model.
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8
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Nam W, Kim H, Kim J, Nam B, Bae C, Kim J, Park S, Lee J, Sim J. Lactic Acid Bacteria and Natural Product Complex Ameliorates Ovalbumin-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Mice. J Med Food 2021; 24:517-526. [PMID: 34009021 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.4853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, has substantially increased in recent times owing to environmental changes, such as air pollution. Induction of a chronic inflammatory response begins with production of biologically active mediators from the airway epithelium, which attracts and recruits inflammatory cells into the lung airway. In our previous study, we confirmed that Lactobacillus casei HY2782 and Bifidobacterium animalis spp. lactis HY8002 could improve lung inflammation in the COPD animal model. In this study, we investigated the effect of the HY2782 complex against airway hyperresponsiveness by using an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced animal model. An orally administered HY2782 complex on OVA-induced allergic asthma in a BALB/c mouse model was used. The present results showed that the HY2782 complex suppressed total immunoglobulin E in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The cytokine production profile in BALF and serum revealed that the HY2782 complex showed reduced levels of Th2 cytokines among immune factors released due to the elevated allergic response. Levels of inflammatory mediators in BALF, MCP-1, MIP-2, and CXCL-9 were decreased by oral administration of the HY2782 complex. Lower numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils in BALF suggested that inflammation was ameliorated by the HY2782 complex. Histological observation of lung sections also showed infiltration of fewer cells. From results, we suggested that the HY2782 complex effectively responds to improvement of the immune response and airway hypersensitivity reaction because of the anti-inflammatory effect of the Pueraria lobata root extract and antioxidant effect of HY2782.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Nam
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Hyeonji Kim
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Jisoo Kim
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Bora Nam
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Chuhyun Bae
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Jooyun Kim
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Soodong Park
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | | | - Jaehun Sim
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
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Climate change, air pollution, and allergic respiratory diseases: a call to action for health professionals. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 133:1552-1560. [PMID: 32590458 PMCID: PMC7386356 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rising emissions of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have warmed the planet substantially and are also accompanied by poor air quality. The increased prevalence of allergic airway disease worldwide can be partially attributed to those global environmental changes. Climate change and air pollution pose adverse impacts on respiratory allergies, and that the mechanisms are complex and interactive. Adverse weather conditions, such as extreme temperatures, can act directly on the respiratory tract to induce allergic respiratory illnesses. Thunderstorms and floods can alter the production and distribution of aeroallergens while wildfires and dust storms increase air pollution, and therefore indirectly enhance health risks. Concentrations of particulate matter and ozone in the air have been projected to increase with climate warming and air stagnation, and the rising temperatures and CO2 increase pollen, molds, and spores, which escalate the risk of allergic respiratory diseases. The synergistic effects of extreme heat and aeroallergens intensify the toxic effect of air pollutants, which in turn augment the allergenicity of aeroallergens. With the Earth's climate change, migration of humans and plants shift the living environments and allergens of susceptible people. Urban residents are exposed to multiple factors while children are sensitive to environmental exposure. Since climate change may pose many unexpected and persistent effects on allergic respiratory diseases, health professionals should advocate for effective mitigation and adaptation strategies to minimize its respiratory health effects.
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Yan B, Ma P, Chen S, Cheng H, Tang M, Sun Y, Yang X, Wu Y, Cheng M. Nimodipine attenuates dibutyl phthalate-induced learning and memory impairment in kun ming mice: An in vivo study based on bioinformatics analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:821-830. [PMID: 33336902 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), a typical representative of phthalate esters (PAEs), is used as a plasticizer in various industrial applications and has been reported to be responsible for neurobehavioral changes. Despite mounting evidence showing that nimodipine (Nim) palys a neuropharmacological and psychopharmacological role in neurons, the attenuating effects of Nim on learning and memory impairment induced by DBP exposure remain unknown. Based on bioinformatics analysis we found that the biological processes affected by both DBP and Nim may involve the calcium signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway and the apoptosis pathway. The results of an in vivo study confirmed that DBP affects the levels of Ca2+ -related proteins, up-regulates phosphorylated -ERK1/2 expression and results in hippocampal neuronal damage and apoptosis, whereas Nim as a Ca2+ antagonist, has a certain neuroprotective role to avoid these adverse effects. Our data suggest that Nim could be used to attenuate the learning and memory impairment in DBP-exposed mice, to down-regulate intracellular Ca2+ levels, subordinate the ERK1/2 pathway and attenuate apoptosis in hippocampal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Yan
- Laboratory of Environment-immunological and neurological diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Laboratory of Environment-immunological and neurological diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Shaohui Chen
- Laboratory of Environment-immunological and neurological diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Hongguo Cheng
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Fragrant Plants, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Min Tang
- College of Resources Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yanling Sun
- Laboratory of Environment-immunological and neurological diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory of Environment-immunological and neurological diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Laboratory of Environment-immunological and neurological diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Menglin Cheng
- Laboratory of Environment-immunological and neurological diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
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11
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Jia H, Liu Y, Guo D, He W, Zhao L, Xia S. PM2.5-induced pulmonary inflammation via activating of the NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:298-307. [PMID: 32996690 PMCID: PMC7891361 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)-induced pulmonary inflammation has become a public concern in recent years. In which, the activation of the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway was closely related to the inflammatory response of various diseases. However, the promotion effect of the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway on PM2.5-induced pulmonary inflammation remains largely unclear. Here, our data showed that PM2.5 exposure caused lung injury in the mice by which inflammatory cell infiltration occurred in lung and alveolar structure disorder. Meanwhile, the exposure of human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) to PM2.5 resulted in suppressed cell viability, as well as elevated cell apoptosis. Moreover, a higher level of inflammatory cytokine and activation of the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway in PM2.5-induced inflammation mice models and 16HBE cells. Mechanistically, pretreatment with MCC950, a NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway inhibitor, prevented PM2.5-induced lung injury, inflammatory response, and the number of inflammatory cells in BALFs, as well as promoted cell viability and decreased inflammatory cytokine secretion. Collectively, our findings indicated that the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway serves a vital role in the pathological changes of pulmonary inflammation caused by PM2.5 exposure. MCC950 was expected to be the therapeutic target of PM2.5 inhalation mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineCentral Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical CollegeShenyangChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineCentral Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical CollegeShenyangChina
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineCentral Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical CollegeShenyangChina
| | - Wei He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineCentral Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical CollegeShenyangChina
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineCentral Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical CollegeShenyangChina
| | - Shuyue Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineCentral Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical CollegeShenyangChina
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Lu X, Li R, Yan X. Airway hyperresponsiveness development and the toxicity of PM2.5. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6374-6391. [PMID: 33394441 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12051-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is characterized by excessive bronchoconstriction in response to nonspecific stimuli, thereby leading to airway stenosis and increased airway resistance. AHR is recognized as a key characteristic of asthma and is associated with significant morbidity. At present, many studies on the molecular mechanisms of AHR have mainly focused on the imbalance in Th1/Th2 cell function and the abnormal contraction of airway smooth muscle cells. However, the specific mechanisms of AHR remain unclear and need to be systematically elaborated. In addition, the effect of air pollution on the respiratory system has become a worldwide concern. To date, numerous studies have indicated that certain concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can increase airway responsiveness and induce acute exacerbation of asthma. Of note, the concentration of PM2.5 does correlate with the degree of AHR. Numerous studies exploring the toxicity of PM2.5 have mainly focused on the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, apoptosis, autophagy, and so on. However, there have been few reviews systematically elaborating the molecular mechanisms by which PM2.5 induces AHR. The present review separately sheds light on the underlying molecular mechanisms of AHR and PM2.5-induced AHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rongqin Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xixin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China.
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Li M, Nabi G, Sun Y, Wang Y, Wang L, Jiang C, Cao P, Wu Y, Li D. The effect of air pollution on immunological, antioxidative and hematological parameters, and body condition of Eurasian tree sparrows. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111755. [PMID: 33396078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution constitutes potential threats to wildlife and human health; therefore, it must be monitored accurately. However, little attention has been given to understanding the toxicological effects induced by air pollution and the suitability of bird species as bioindicators. The Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus), a human commensal species, was used as a study model to examine toxic metal accumulation, retention of particulate matter (PM), immunological and antioxidant capacities, and hematological parameters in birds inhabiting those areas with relatively higher (Shijiazhuang city) or lower (Chengde city) levels of PM2.5 and PM10 in China. Our results showed that Shijiazhuang birds had significantly more particle retention in the lungs and toxic metal (including aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, iron, manganese, and lead) accumulation in the feathers relative to Chengde birds. They also had lower superoxide dismutase, albumin, immunoglobulin M concentrations in the lung lavage fluid, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the lungs and hearts. Furthermore, although they had higher proportions of microcytes, hypochromia, and polychromatic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood (a symptom of anemia), both populations exhibited comparable body conditions, white cell counts, heterophil and lymphocyte ratios, and plasma T-AOC and corticosterone levels. Therefore, our results not only confirmed that Shijiazhuang birds experienced a greater burden from environmental PM and toxic metals but also identified a suite of adverse effects of environmental pollution on immunological, antioxidative, and hematological parameters in multiple tissues. These findings contribute to our understanding of the physiological health consequences induced by PM exposure in wild animals. They suggest that free-living birds inhabiting urban areas could be used as bioindicators for evaluating the adverse effects induced by environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China; Life Sciences College of Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou, China
| | - Ghulam Nabi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China; Ocean College of Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pengxiu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuefeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Dongming Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Joubert AI, Geppert M, Johnson L, Mills-Goodlet R, Michelini S, Korotchenko E, Duschl A, Weiss R, Horejs-Höck J, Himly M. Mechanisms of Particles in Sensitization, Effector Function and Therapy of Allergic Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1334. [PMID: 32714326 PMCID: PMC7344151 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans have always been in contact with natural airborne particles from many sources including biologic particulate matter (PM) which can exhibit allergenic properties. With industrialization, anthropogenic and combustion-derived particles have become a major fraction. Currently, an ever-growing number of diverse and innovative materials containing engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are being developed with great expectations in technology and medicine. Nanomaterials have entered everyday products including cosmetics, textiles, electronics, sports equipment, as well as food, and food packaging. As part of natural evolution humans have adapted to the exposure to particulate matter, aiming to protect the individual's integrity and health. At the respiratory barrier, complications can arise, when allergic sensitization and pulmonary diseases occur in response to particle exposure. Particulate matter in the form of plant pollen, dust mites feces, animal dander, but also aerosols arising from industrial processes in occupational settings including diverse mixtures thereof can exert such effects. This review article gives an overview of the allergic immune response and addresses specifically the mechanisms of particulates in the context of allergic sensitization, effector function and therapy. In regard of the first theme (i), an overview on exposure to particulates and the functionalities of the relevant immune cells involved in allergic sensitization as well as their interactions in innate and adaptive responses are described. As relevant for human disease, we aim to outline (ii) the potential effector mechanisms that lead to the aggravation of an ongoing immune deviation (such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc.) by inhaled particulates, including NPs. Even though adverse effects can be exerted by (nano)particles, leading to allergic sensitization, and the exacerbation of allergic symptoms, promising potential has been shown for their use in (iii) therapeutic approaches of allergic disease, for example as adjuvants. Hence, allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is introduced and the role of adjuvants such as alum as well as the current understanding of their mechanisms of action is reviewed. Finally, future prospects of nanomedicines in allergy treatment are described, which involve modern platform technologies combining immunomodulatory effects at several (immuno-)functional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna I Joubert
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mark Geppert
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Litty Johnson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Robert Mills-Goodlet
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sara Michelini
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Evgeniia Korotchenko
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Albert Duschl
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Richard Weiss
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jutta Horejs-Höck
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Himly
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Cao X, Wang M, Li J, Luo Y, Li R, Yan X, Zhang H. Fine particulate matter increases airway hyperresponsiveness through kallikrein-bradykinin pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110491. [PMID: 32213367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported short-term fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure to increase incidence of asthma, related to the increase of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR); however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Aim of this study was to elucidate the role of kallikrein in PM2.5-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and understand the underlying mechanism. Nose-only PM2.5 exposure system was used to generate a mouse model of airway hyperresponsiveness. Compared with the control group, PM2.5 exposure could significantly increase airway resistance, lung inflammation, kallikrein expression of bronchi-lung tissue and bradykinin (BK) secretion. However, these changes could be alleviated by kallikrein inhibitor. In addition,PM2.5 could increase the viability of human airway smooth muscle cells (hASMCs), accompanied by increased expression of kallikrein 14 (Klk14), bradykinin 2 receptor (B2R), bradykinin secretion and cytosol calcium level, while kallikrein 14 gene knockdown could significantly amelioratethe above response induced by PM2.5. Taken together, the data suggested kallikrein to play a key role in PM2.5-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, and that it could be a potential therapeutic target in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The No.1 Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Rongqin Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Xixin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China.
| | - Huiran Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China.
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16
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Jenwitheesuk K, Peansukwech U, Jenwitheesuk K. Construction of polluted aerosol in accumulation that affects the incidence of lung cancer. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03337. [PMID: 32072045 PMCID: PMC7016011 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This model demonstrated the correlation between lung cancer incidences and the parts of ambient air pollution according to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s high resolution technology satellites. Methods Chemical type of aerosols was investigated by the Aerosol Diagnostics Model such as black carbon, mineral dust, organic carbon, sea-salt and SO4. The model investigated associations between the six year accumulation of each aerosol and lung cancer incidence by Bayesian hierarchical spatio-temporal model. Which also represented integrated geophysical parameters. Results In analyses of accumulated chemical aerosol component from 2010 – 2016, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of patients in 2017 were estimated. We observed a significant increasing risk for organic carbon exposure (IRR 1.021, 95%CI 1.020–1.022), SO4, (IRR 1.026, 95% CI 1.025–1.028) and dust, (IRR 1.061, 95% CI 1.058–1.064). There was also suggestion of an increased risk with, every 1 ug/m3 increase in organic carbon compound is associated with 21% increased risk of lung cancer, whereas a 26% excess risk of cancer per 1 ug/m3 increase in mean SO4 and 61% increased risk of lung cancer for dust levels. The other variables were the negative IRR which did not increase the risk of the exposed group. Conclusion With our results, this process can determine that organic carbon, SO4 and dust was significantly associated with the elevated risk of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriangsak Jenwitheesuk
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Udomlack Peansukwech
- Research Manager & Consultant of Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kamonwan Jenwitheesuk
- Plastic & Reconstructive Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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The Role and Potential Pathogenic Mechanism of Particulate Matter in Childhood Asthma: A Review and Perspective. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:8254909. [PMID: 32411804 PMCID: PMC7201641 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8254909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma, the most common chronic respiratory disease in children, affects numerous people worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to high levels of particulate matter (PM), either acutely or chronically, is associated with the exacerbation and incidence of pediatric asthma. However, the detailed pathogenic mechanisms by which PM contributes to the incidence of asthma remain largely unknown. In this short review, we summarize studies of relationships between PM and pediatric asthma and recent advances on the fundamental mechanisms of PM-related asthma, with emphases on cell death regulation and immune system responses. We further discuss the inadequacy of current studies and give a perspective on the prevention strategies for pediatric asthma.
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18
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Zuo B, Liu C, Chen R, Kan H, Sun J, Zhao J, Wang C, Sun Q, Bai H. Associations between short-term exposure to fine particulate matter and acute exacerbation of asthma in Yancheng, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124497. [PMID: 31400740 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Scarce evidence existed on the association between short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and asthma in China. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship of PM2.5 with acute asthma exacerbation in a coastal city of China. Cases of acute asthma exacerbation were identified from hospital outpatient visits in Yancheng, China, from 2015 to 2018. We utilized the generalized additive model linked by a quasi-Poisson distribution to assess the association between PM2.5 and daily acute asthma exacerbation. Different lag structures were built, and we conducted stratification analyses by gender, age, and season. Two-pollutant models were fitted, and concentration-response (C-R) curves were pooled. A total of 3,520 cases of acute asthma exacerbation were recorded, with a daily average of 3. We observed positive and significant associations of PM2.5 on lag 1, 2, lag 02, and lag 03 day. For each 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 (lag 02), the associated increment in asthma was 3.15% (95% CI: 0.99%, 5.31%). The association remained after adjusting for gaseous co-pollutants. We observed significant PM2.5-asthma associations in males, patients ≤64 years, and during cold seasons. The C-R curves were positive and almost linear for total and strata-specific associations. In conclusion, this study provided robust evidence on the association of PM2.5 with acute asthma exacerbation, which may benefit future prevention strategy and policy making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Zuo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, 224006, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, 224006, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, 224006, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, 224006, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, 224006, China
| | - Hongjian Bai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu Province, 224006, China.
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TRPV1 and TRPA1 in Lung Inflammation and Airway Hyperresponsiveness Induced by Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5). OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7450151. [PMID: 31281589 PMCID: PMC6589236 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7450151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with lung inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) both may play important roles in lung inflammation and AHR. We investigated whether PM2.5-induced lung inflammation and AHR could be prevented by blocking TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with AMG9810 (30 mg/kg, a TRPV1 antagonist) or A967079 (30 mg/kg, a TRPA1 antagonist) or their combination or vehicle (PBS) one hour before intranasal instillation of PM2.5 (7.8 mg/kg) or vehicle (PBS) for two consecutive days, and then the mice were studied 24 h later. All pretreatments inhibited PM2.5-induced AHR and inflammatory infiltration in the lung tissue and decreased inflammatory cytokine levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, together with oxidant levels in the lung. AMG9810 inhibited MFF expression and increased MFN2 expression while A967079 inhibited DRP1 expression and increased OPA1 expression; combined pretreatment reduced MFF and DPR1 expression and increased MFN2 and OPA1 expression. All pretreatments inhibited the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, while A967079 alone, and combined with AMG9810 also reduced the activation of the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway. Both TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels play an important role in PM2.5-induced lung inflammation and AHR. However, inhibition of the TRPA1 channel or combined inhibition of TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels resulted in greater inhibitory effect on PM2.5-induced lung injury through regulating the mitochondrial fission/fusion proteins and inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB and NLRP3/caspase-1 pathways.
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