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Madkhali NAB, Ameri A, Al-Naamani ZY, Alshammari B, Madkhali MAB, Jawed A, Alfaifi F, Kappi AA, Haque S. COVID-19 Linked Social Stigma Among Arab Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Experiences from the Active Phase of the Pandemic. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:805-823. [PMID: 38434483 PMCID: PMC10906728 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s450611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the magnitude and variability of the disease-linked stigma among COVID-19 survivors and their experiences of social stigma, coping strategies, contextual challenges, and preferences for support. Methods An Arabic version of the social stigma survey questionnaire was designed and validated to obtain socio-demographic characteristics and quantitative measures of stigma encountered by the survivors. 482 COVID-19 survivors completed the survey, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results The results of this study revealed the prevalence of high levels of both perceived external stigma and enacted stigma among participants. Enacted and Internalized stigma were associated with survivors' educational background/ status. The participants suggested three levels of support: organizational, social, and personal. Establishing an online stigma reduction program and national psychological crisis interventions at the organizational level. It is crucial to assist coping mechanisms and societal reintegration techniques at the social level. Conclusion These results provide valuable insights for holistic health policy formation and preparedness strategies for future pandemics, helping survivors promote health and reintegrate into society, where stigma reduction and psychological crisis interventions are underdeveloped.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bushra Alshammari
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Arshad Jawed
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faten Alfaifi
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani Ali Kappi
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Lugg W, Levine A, Boyd R. Consumer? Views and preferences of people receiving public mental health care in Australia on the terms used to refer to them. Australas Psychiatry 2023; 31:435-440. [PMID: 37102589 DOI: 10.1177/10398562231172414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To understand: a) whether adults receiving public mental health care were aware they were officially referred to as 'consumers' and, b) their views and preferences on the terms used to refer to them. METHODS Single-page, anonymous survey conducted across two community mental health services in Northern New South Wales (NNSW). Ethics approval obtained from the local research office. RESULTS 108 people completed the survey with a response rate of approximately 22%. The vast majority (77%) of respondents were not aware that they were officially referred to as 'consumers'. 32% of respondents disliked the term 'consumer' and 11% found it offensive. Half preferred the term 'patient', particularly when consulting a psychiatrist (55%). A small minority (5-7%) preferred the term 'consumer' for any care interaction. CONCLUSION Most respondents in this survey wished to be referred to as a 'patient' and a large proportion disliked being referred to as a 'consumer' or found it offensive. Further surveys should include broader sociodemographic and diagnostic/treatment variables. Official terms used to refer to people receiving public mental health care should be person-centred and evidence based.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Lugg
- Northern New South Wales Local Health District (NNSWLHD), Tweed Heads Community Mental Health Service, Tweed Heads, NSW, Australia; and
- Department of Psychiatry, The Alfred Hospital, Prahran, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Levine
- Department of Psychiatry, The Alfred Hospital, Prahran, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert Boyd
- NNSWLHD, Byron Community Mental Health Service, Byron Bay, NSW, Australia
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Deshmukh S, Ali T, Chaudhury S, Diwan C, Kumar S, Prakash J. Reliability and psychometric validity of the Marathi adaptation of coronavirus anxiety scale. Ind Psychiatry J 2023; 32:417-422. [PMID: 38161443 PMCID: PMC10756611 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_45_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 07/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus anxiety scale (CAS) was developed and validated in 2020 as a psychometrically suitable measure of anxiety incurred by the coronavirus disease of 2019 pandemic. Since it is available only in the English language, it cannot be used in the general population, most of whom are not English speaking. Aim The aim of this study is to determine the validity and the reliability of the Marathi adaptation of CAS. Materials and Method CAS was translated by bilingual experts, followed by forward and backward translation processes and pilot study. Final version was used. Eighty volunteers, who are versed in both English and Marathi languages, were included. The original English version of the scale was first applied, followed by the Marathi translation, after a hiatus of 14 days. Result Mean score of the original English version was 2.950 (±2.773) and that of the Marathi version was 2.775 (±2.778), showing significant correlation (.001 level) with Kendall's tau-b of 0.830. The Marathi version of CAS has a high degree of internal consistency as demonstrated by a Cronbach's alpha of 0.809. The scale has significant concurrent validity and acceptable split-half reliability. A principal components analysis with varimax rotation was performed on the CAS responses of the participants, which yielded one factors with an eigenvalue greater than one, representing 58.51% of the total variance. CAS was found to be easily understandable and capable of adequately evaluating and measuring various aspects of corona anxiety. Conclusion The Marathi adaptation of CAS is a valid and reliable instrument to assess anxiety due to coronavirus in the Marathi-speaking population of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrishti Deshmukh
- Department of Social Work, Karve Institute of Social Service, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tahoora Ali
- Department of Psychiatry, Dr. D Y Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suprakash Chaudhury
- Department of Psychiatry, Dr. D Y Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chetan Diwan
- Department of Social Work, Karve Institute of Social Service, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS), Patna, India
| | - Jyoti Prakash
- Department of Psychiatry, AFMC Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Xiao W, Liu X, Wang H, Huang Y, Dai Z, Si M, Fu J, Chen X, Jia M, Leng Z, Cui D, Mak WWS, Dong L, Su X. Mediating role of resilience in the relationship between COVID-19 related stigma and mental health among COVID-19 survivors: a cross-sectional study. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:27. [PMID: 36978095 PMCID: PMC10043530 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused many negative effects on physical and mental health of patients who have survived COVID-19. Apart from some long-lasting physical sequelae, those COVID-19 survivors are also suffering stigma and discrimination at different levels around the world. The current study aims to assess the role resilience played in stigma and mental disorders among COVID-19 survivors. METHODS The cross-sectional study was carried out among former COVID-19 patients in Jianghan District (Wuhan, China) from June 10 to July 25, 2021. The demographic questions, the Impact of Events Scale-Revised, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Resilience Style Questionnaire and the Short Version of COVID-19 Stigma Scale of 12 items were used to collect relevant information of the participants. Descriptive analyses, Pearson correlation analysis and Structural Equation Modeling were used to make data description and analysis. RESULTS A total of 1541 out of 1601 COVID-19 survivors (887 females and 654 males) were included in the analysis. Perceived stigma of those COVID-19 survivors correlates significantly with anxiety (r = 0.335, P < 0.001), depression (r = 0.325, P < 0.001) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (r = 0.384, P < 0.001). It has a direct effect on COVID-19 survivors' anxiety (β = 0.326, P < 0.001), depression (β = 0.314, P < 0.001), PTSD (β = 0.385, P < 0.001) and their resilience (β = - 0.114, P < 0.01). Resilience partially mediated the association between perceived stigma and anxiety (β = 0.020, P < 0.01), depression (β = 0.020, P < 0.01), and PTSD (β = 0.014, P < 0.01) among COVID-19 survivors. CONCLUSION Stigma has a significant negative impact on mental health, while resilience plays a mediator role in the relationship between stigma and mental health among COVID-19 survivors. Based on our study, we suggested that when designing psychological interventions for COVID-19 survivors, consideration should be taken into account to reduce stigma and improve resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Xiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yiman Huang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenwei Dai
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyu Si
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Jia
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Leng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Cui
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Winnie W S Mak
- Diversity and Well-Being Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liming Dong
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoyou Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 31 BeiJiGe San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.
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Tokumasu K, Ueda K, Honda H, Sunada N, Sakurada Y, Matsuda Y, Nakano Y, Hasegawa T, Otsuka Y, Obika M, Hagiya H, Kataoka H, Otsuka F. Application of Kampo Medicines for Treatment of General Fatigue Due to Long COVID. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58060730. [PMID: 35743993 PMCID: PMC9227280 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence regarding treatment for the acute phase of COVID-19 has been accumulating, but specific treatment for long COVID/post-COVID-19 condition has not yet been established. Treatment with herbal medicine might be one treatment option for long COVID, but there has been little research on the effectiveness of herbal medicine for long COVID. The aim of this study was to clarify the prescription patterns of Kampo medicines, which are herbal medicines that originated in China and were developed in Japan, for the treatment of general fatigue due to long COVID. A retrospective descriptive study was performed for patients who visited a COVID-19 aftercare clinic established in Okayama University Hospital during the period from Feb 2021 to Dec 2021 with a focus on symptoms accompanying general fatigue and prescriptions of Kampo medicine. Among the clinical data obtained from medical records of 195 patients, clinical data for 102 patients with general fatigue and accompanying symptoms were analyzed. The patients had various symptoms, and the most frequent symptoms accompanying general fatigue were dysosmia, dysgeusia, headache, insomnia, dyspnea, and hair loss. Prescriptions of Kampo medicine accounted for 24.1% of the total prescriptions (n = 609). The most frequently prescribed Kampo medicine was hochuekkito (71.6%) and other prescribed Kampo medicines were tokishakuyakusan, ryokeijutsukanto, juzentaihoto, hangekobokuto, kakkonto, ninjin’yoeito, goreisan, rikkunshito, and keishibukuryogan. Since the pathophysiology of general fatigue after an infectious disease is, in general, considered a qi deficiency in Kampo medicine, treatments with such compensation agents can be the major prescription as a complement for the qi. In conclusion, Kampo medicine can be one of the main pharmacological treatments for long COVID accompanying general fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Tokumasu
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Keigo Ueda
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
- Clinical and Educational Center for Kampo Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Honda
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Naruhiko Sunada
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Yasue Sakurada
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Yui Matsuda
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Yasuhiro Nakano
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Toru Hasegawa
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Yuki Otsuka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Mikako Obika
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
- Clinical and Educational Center for Kampo Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hideharu Hagiya
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Hitomi Kataoka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Fumio Otsuka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (K.U.); (H.H.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.N.); (T.H.); (Y.O.); (M.O.); (H.H.); (H.K.)
- Clinical and Educational Center for Kampo Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-235-7342; Fax: +81-86-235-7345
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