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Yousf S, Batra HS, Jha RM, Sardesai DM, Ananthamohan K, Chugh J, Sharma S. Identification of potential serum biomarkers associated with HbA1c levels in Indian type 2 diabetic subjects using NMR-based metabolomics. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 557:117857. [PMID: 38484908 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a progressive metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and the development of insulin resistance, has increased globally, with worrying statistics coming from children, adolescents, and young adults from developing countries like India. Here, we investigated unique circulating metabolic signatures associated with prediabetes and T2DM in an Indian cohort using NMR-based metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study subjects included healthy volunteers (N = 101), prediabetic subjects (N = 75), and T2DM patients (N = 108). Serum metabolic profiling was performed using 1H NMR spectroscopy and major perturbed metabolites were identified by multivariate analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) modules. RESULTS Of the 36 aqueous abundant metabolites, 24 showed a statistically significant difference between healthy volunteers, prediabetics, and established T2DM subjects. On performing multivariate ROC curve analysis with 5 commonly dysregulated metabolites (namely, glucose, pyroglutamate, o-phosphocholine, serine, and methionine) in prediabetes and T2DM, AUC values obtained were 0.96 (95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.93, 0.98) for T2DM; and 0.88 (95 % CI = 0.81, 0.93) for prediabetic subjects, respectively. CONCLUSION We propose that the identified metabolite panel can be used in the future as a biomarker for clinical diagnosis, patient surveillance, and for predicting individuals at risk for developing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Yousf
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India; Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hitender S Batra
- Department of Biochemistry, Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC), Wanowrie, Pune 411040, India; Department of Biochemistry, Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Pune 412115, India.
| | - Rakesh M Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411007, India
| | - Devika M Sardesai
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411007, India
| | - Kalyani Ananthamohan
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411007, India
| | - Jeetender Chugh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India.
| | - Shilpy Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411007, India.
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Illuminating the hepatotoxic mechanism of norcantharidin in rats using metabolomics analysis. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Norcantharidin (NCTD) has multiple antitumor effects. However, NCTD can induce significant hepatotoxicity and the mechanism of hepatotoxicity is not clear for now.
Objective
This study aimed to explore the hepatotoxicity of NCTD in rat by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF)-MS (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) metabolomics.
Results
Serum biochemical indices including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin (T-BIL) were significantly increased. Histopathological and ultrastructure results revealed that hepatocytes were damaged. Furthermore, the metabolomics results showed that 11 metabolites in serum and 8 metabolites in liver were differential metabolites for NCTD hepatotoxicity. Four metabolic pathways including the sphingolipid metabolism, purine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism were the key metabolic pathways related to NCTD hepatotoxicity.
Conclusion
The metabolomics analysis in this study reveal new clues on the hepatotoxicity mechanism of NCTD in rats. These findings have potential applications in the toxicity study of NCTD.
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Weng R, Zhang C, Wen L, Luo Y, Ye J, Wang H, Li J, Ning N, Huang J, Chen X, Cai Y. Chlamydia-related knowledge, opinion to opportunistic testing, and practices of providers among different sexually transmitted infections related departments in hospitals in Shenzhen city, China. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:601. [PMID: 35509056 PMCID: PMC9067339 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection could lead to seriously adverse outcomes if left untreated. This study aimed to determine CT-related knowledge, opinion to testing, and practices of providers among different sexually transmitted infections (STI) related departments in hospitals in Shenzhen city, China, and also to explore the differences in these responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 1st April 2018 to 15th April 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Shenzhen and 64 of 66 hospitals agreed to participate in this study. In the hospital sites, all the providers from the department of obstetrics and gynecology, department of dermatology and venereology, department of urology, and anorectal surgical department were recruited. A structured paper-based questionnaire was used to obtain data on CT-related information. RESULTS A total of 355 providers from 64 hospitals participated in the current study. Compared to providers from the department of dermatology and venereology, those from the department of obstetrics and gynecology (OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.16-0.62), department of urology (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.16-0.65), and anorectal surgical department (OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.09-0.71) were less likely to identify that "Be in a long-term mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested and has negative STI test results." is an appropriate way for a sexually active person to reduce risk of getting CT. Also, those from the department of obstetrics and gynecology (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.23-0.87) were less likely to identify that "Use latex condoms the right way every time you have sex" is another appropriate way. A high proportion of providers agreed that all sexually active patients attending to their department should be screened regularly (77.1%), and they are willing to offer opportunistic CT screening (96.0%). Only 11.4% of respondents correctly identified that the appropriate time frame of the CT retesting is three months. CONCLUSIONS Providers among STI-related departments in hospitals showed a very high willingness to offer opportunistic CT screening. However, this study showed important gaps in providers' knowledge and practices in China, targeted training in CT-related knowledge and practice is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxing Weng
- Department of STD Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No. 2021, Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chunlai Zhang
- Department of STD Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No. 2021, Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lizhang Wen
- Department of STD Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No. 2021, Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yiting Luo
- Department of STD Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No. 2021, Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianbin Ye
- Department of STD Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No. 2021, Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Honglin Wang
- Department of STD Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No. 2021, Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of STD Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No. 2021, Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ning Ning
- Department of STD Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No. 2021, Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, China
| | - Junxin Huang
- Department of STD Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No. 2021, Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiangsheng Chen
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China
- National Center for STD Control, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Yumao Cai
- Department of STD Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No. 2021, Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China.
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Emwas AH, Szczepski K, Poulson BG, Chandra K, McKay RT, Dhahri M, Alahmari F, Jaremko L, Lachowicz JI, Jaremko M. NMR as a "Gold Standard" Method in Drug Design and Discovery. Molecules 2020; 25:E4597. [PMID: 33050240 PMCID: PMC7594251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying disease models at the molecular level is vital for drug development in order to improve treatment and prevent a wide range of human pathologies. Microbial infections are still a major challenge because pathogens rapidly and continually evolve developing drug resistance. Cancer cells also change genetically, and current therapeutic techniques may be (or may become) ineffective in many cases. The pathology of many neurological diseases remains an enigma, and the exact etiology and underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. Viral infections spread and develop much more quickly than does the corresponding research needed to prevent and combat these infections; the present and most relevant outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, which originated in Wuhan, China, illustrates the critical and immediate need to improve drug design and development techniques. Modern day drug discovery is a time-consuming, expensive process. Each new drug takes in excess of 10 years to develop and costs on average more than a billion US dollars. This demonstrates the need of a complete redesign or novel strategies. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has played a critical role in drug discovery ever since its introduction several decades ago. In just three decades, NMR has become a "gold standard" platform technology in medical and pharmacology studies. In this review, we present the major applications of NMR spectroscopy in medical drug discovery and development. The basic concepts, theories, and applications of the most commonly used NMR techniques are presented. We also summarize the advantages and limitations of the primary NMR methods in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kacper Szczepski
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (B.G.P.); (K.C.); (L.J.)
| | - Benjamin Gabriel Poulson
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (B.G.P.); (K.C.); (L.J.)
| | - Kousik Chandra
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (B.G.P.); (K.C.); (L.J.)
| | - Ryan T. McKay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada;
| | - Manel Dhahri
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu El-Bahr 46423, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fatimah Alahmari
- Nanomedicine Department, Institute for Research and Medical, Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Lukasz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (B.G.P.); (K.C.); (L.J.)
| | - Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (B.G.P.); (K.C.); (L.J.)
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Ren Y, Song X, Tan L, Guo C, Wang M, Liu H, Cao Z, Li Y, Peng C. A Review of the Pharmacological Properties of Psoralen. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:571535. [PMID: 33013413 PMCID: PMC7500444 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.571535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoralen is the principal bioactive component in the dried fruits of Cullen corylifolium (L.) Medik (syn. Psoralea corylifolia L), termed "Buguzhi" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Recent studies have demonstrated that psoralen displays multiple bioactive properties, beneficial for the treatment of osteoporosis, tumors, viruses, bacteria, and inflammation. The present review focuses on the research evidence relating to the properties of psoralen gathered over recent years. Firstly, multiple studies have demonstrated that psoralen exerts strong anti-osteoporotic effects via regulation of osteoblast/osteoclast/chondrocyte differentiation or activation due to the participation in multiple molecular mechanisms of the wnt/β-catenin, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)/apoptosis signaling kinase 1 (ASK1)/c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and the Protein Kinase B(AKT)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) axis, and the expression of miR-488, peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In addition, the antitumor properties of psoralen are associated with the induction of ER stress-related cell death via enhancement of PERK: Pancreatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase (PERK)/activating transcription factor (ATF), 78kD glucose-regulated protein (GRP78)/C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and 94kD glucose-regulated protein (GRP94)/CHOP signaling, and inhibition of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) or ATPase that overcomes multidrug resistance. Furthermore, multiple articles have shown that the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of psoralen are a result of its interaction with viral polymerase (Pol), destroying the formation of biofilm, and regulating the activation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), interleukin 4/5/6/8/12/13 (IL-4/5/6/8/12/13), GATA-3, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Finally, the toxic effects and mechanisms of action of psoralen have also been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaominting Song
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China, Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixing Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuzhi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
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6
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Sun L, Zhao M, Zhao Y, Wang M, Man J, Zhao C. Investigation of the therapeutic effect of Shaoyao Gancao decoction on CCL 4 -induced liver injury in rats by metabolomic analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4940. [PMID: 32634249 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Shaoyao Gancao decoction (SGD) is a famous Chinese traditional prescription for treating liver injury. In this research, we investigated the therapeutic effects of SGD on liver injury and its metabolic mechanisms using 1 H NMR and UPLC-MS. Serum biochemical indicators and histopathological methods were used to determine the mechanism of action of SGD in treating liver injury. An orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis method was used to screen potential metabolic markers, and the MetaboAnalyst and KEGG PATHWAY databases were used to find relevant metabolic pathways. A total of 26 significant metabolites were identified with significant changes in their abundance levels, and these metabolites are involved in many metabolic pathways such as amino acid and lipid metabolism. The changes in biomarker levels reveal the therapeutic effect of SGD on liver injury, which is of great significance to speculate on possible metabolic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanhui Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingyi Man
- School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Rawat A, Misra G, Saxena M, Tripathi S, Dubey D, Saxena S, Aggarwal A, Gupta V, Khan MY, Prakash A. 1H NMR based serum metabolic profiling reveals differentiating biomarkers in patients with diabetes and diabetes-related complication. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:290-298. [PMID: 30641714 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is among the most prevalent diseases worldwide, of all the affected individuals a significant proportion of the population remains undiagnosed due to lack of specific symptoms early in this disorder and inadequate diagnostics. Diabetes and its associated sequela, i.e., comorbidity are associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications. As diabetes is characterized by an altered metabolism of key metabolites and regulatory pathways. Metabolic phenotyping can provide us with a better understanding of the unique set of regulatory perturbations that predispose to diabetes and its associated complication/comorbidities. METHODOLOGY The present study utilizes the analytical platform NMR spectroscopy coupled with Random Forest statistical analysis to identify the discriminatory metabolites in diabetes (DB = 38) vs. diabetes-related complication (DC = 35) along with the healthy control (HC = 50) subjects. A combined and pairwise analysis was performed to identify the discriminatory metabolites responsible for class separation. The perturbed metabolites were further rigorously validated using t-test, AUROC analysis to examine the statistical significance of the identified metabolites. RESULTS The DB and DC patients were well discriminated from HC. However, 15 metabolites were found to be significantly perturbed in DC patients compared to DB, the identified panel of metabolites are TCA cycle (succinate, citrate), methylamine metabolism (trimethylamine, methylamine, betaine), -intermediates; energy metabolites (glucose, lactate, pyruvate); and amino acids (valine, arginine, glutamate, methionine, proline, and threonine). CONCLUSION The 1H NMR metabolomics may prove a promising technique to differentiate and predict diabetes and its complication on their onset or progression by determining the altered levels of the metabolites in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Rawat
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Gunjan Misra
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, CSJMU, Kanpur, India
| | - Madhukar Saxena
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Durgesh Dubey
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sulekha Saxena
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Avinash Aggarwal
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Varsha Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, CSJMU, Kanpur, India
| | - M Y Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, India.
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8
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Zhang Y, Wang Q, Wang ZX, Bi YN, Yuan XM, Song L, Jiang MM, Sun LK, Zhou K. A Study of NMR-Based Hepatic and Serum Metabolomics in a Liver Injury Sprague-Dawley Rat Model Induced by Psoralen. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:852-860. [PMID: 30132663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Psoralen is the main active component of Psoralea corylifolia and is used as a marker to assess its quality. The effects of psoralen on animals have been well characterized. However, the molecular pathway of its toxicity is not fully understood. In this study, the toxic effects of psoralen administration (60 mg/kg) for 7 days in Sprague-Dawley rats were observed. Serum biochemistry and liver histopathology were further investigated. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance was applied to characterize the metabolic profile of liver toxicity induced by psoralen and to find changed metabolites in rat serum and liver. It was revealed that visceral coefficients and serum biochemistry indexes were significantly changed in rats with psoralen-induced liver injury. Furthermore, the histopathological examination exhibited that the liver might be the target organ for psoralen. Metabolic analysis of both serum and liver samples further proved the liver was the target of toxicity of psoralen. Multivariate analysis identified 7 metabolites in serum samples and 15 in liver samples as potential biomarkers in liver injury induced by psoralen. In addition, our results suggest that psoralen can cause a disturbance in amino acid metabolism, especially valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis in both serum and liver samples. In conclusion, we combined the results of toxicity and metabolomics induced by psoralen and provide useful information about the safety and potential risks of psoralen and Psoralea corylifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China.,Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Qin Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Zhao-Xin Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Ya-Nan Bi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Xiao-Mei Yuan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Lei Song
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China.,Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Miao-Miao Jiang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Li-Kang Sun
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China.,Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
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9
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Gautam S, Rawat AK, Sammi SR, Roy S, Singh M, Devi U, Yadav RK, Singh L, Rawat JK, Ansari MN, Saeedan AS, Kumar D, Pandey R, Kaithwas G. DuCLOX-2/5 Inhibition Attenuates Inflammatory Response and Induces Mitochondrial Apoptosis for Mammary Gland Chemoprevention. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:314. [PMID: 29681851 PMCID: PMC5897656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is a pursuit to define implications of dual cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) (DuCLOX-2/5) inhibition on various aspects of cancer augmentation and chemoprevention. The monotherapy and combination therapy of zaltoprofen (COX-2 inhibitor) and zileuton (5-LOX inhibitor) were validated for their effect against methyl nitrosourea (MNU) induced mammary gland carcinoma in albino wistar rats. The combination therapy demarcated significant effect upon the cellular proliferation as evidenced through decreased in alveolar bud count and restoration of the histopathological architecture when compared to toxic control. DuCLOX-2/5 inhibition also upregulated levels of caspase-3 and caspase-8, and restored oxidative stress markers (GSH, TBARs, protein carbonyl, SOD and catalase). The immunoblotting and qRT-PCR studies revealed the participation of the mitochondrial mediated death apoptosis pathway along with favorable regulation of COX-2, 5-LOX. Aforementioned combination restored the metabolic changes to normal when scrutinized through 1H NMR studies. Henceforth, the DuCLOX-2/5 inhibition was recorded to import significant anticancer effects in comparison to either of the individual treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetlana Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
| | - Atul K Rawat
- Center for Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Shreesh R Sammi
- Department of Microbial Technology and Nematology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Subhadeep Roy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
| | - Manjari Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
| | - Uma Devi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Allahabad, India
| | - Rajnish K Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
| | - Lakhveer Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
| | - Jitendra K Rawat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd N Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S Saeedan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Microbial Technology and Nematology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Rakesh Pandey
- Department of Microbial Technology and Nematology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Gaurav Kaithwas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
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Chen R, Wang J, Liao C, Zhang L, Guo Q, Wang X. Exploring the biomarkers and therapeutic mechanism of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome treated by You-gui pill using systems pharmacology and serum metabonomics. RSC Adv 2018; 8:1098-1115. [PMID: 35539000 PMCID: PMC9077015 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12451a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, systems pharmacology was used to predict the molecular targets of You-gui pill (YGP) and explore the therapeutic mechanism of Kidney-Yang Deficiency Syndrome (KYDS) treated with YGP. On the basis of this, serum samples from control group, KYDS model group and YGP group rats were studied using 1H NMR to verify the results of systems pharmacology from the level of metabonomics. Simultaneously, 1H NMR spectra of serum samples were obtained and statistically assessed using pattern recognition analysis. Biochemical analyses of serums were performed via radioimmunoassays. Furthermore, histopathological studies were conducted on the pituitary, adrenal, and thyroid glands, and testicles of the control, KYDS and YGP rats. Using systems pharmacology to analyze the active components of YGP, 61 active compounds were finally found. These compounds were likely to have an effect on 3177 target proteins and involve 234 pathways. Using metabonomics to analyze serum from KYDS rats treated with YGP, 22 endogenous biomarkers were found. These biomarkers were mainly involved in 10 metabolic pathways. Combining systems pharmacology and metabonomics, we found that the regulation of KYDS was primarily associated with 19 active compounds of 5 Chinese herbal medicines in YGP. These active compounds mainly had an effect on 8 target proteins, including phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, betaine-homocysteine s-methyltransferase 1, alcohol dehydrogenase 1C, etc. These target proteins were primarily involved in 6 overlapping pathways, namely aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism. In addition, there were 4 non-overlapping pathways, respectively alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, d-glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism, ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, and galactose metabolism. In summary, the therapeutic effects of YGP on KYDS were mainly associated with neuroendocrine regulation, energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, inflammatory responses, apoptosis, oxidative stress and intestinal flora metabolism. What's more, we also found that YGP possessed the potential to protect liver and kidney function. Our study demonstrated that systems pharmacology and metabonomics methods were novel strategies for the exploration of the mechanisms of KYDS and TCM formulas. In this study, systems pharmacology was used to predict the molecular targets of You-gui pills (YGP) and explore the therapeutic mechanism of Kidney-Yang Deficiency Syndrome (KYDS) treated with YGP.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqun Chen
- School of Basic Courses
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- School of Basic Courses
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Chengbin Liao
- School of Basic Courses
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Basic Courses
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Qian Guo
- School of Basic Courses
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Xiufeng Wang
- School of Basic Courses
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
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Perinatal Bisphenol A Exposure Induces Chronic Inflammation in Rabbit Offspring via Modulation of Gut Bacteria and Their Metabolites. mSystems 2017; 2:mSystems00093-17. [PMID: 29034330 PMCID: PMC5634791 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00093-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that environmental toxicants may influence inflammation-promoted chronic disease susceptibility during early life. BPA, an environmental endocrine disruptor, can transfer across the placenta and accumulate in fetal gut and liver. However, underlying mechanisms for BPA-induced colonic and liver inflammation are not fully elucidated. In this report, we show how perinatal BPA exposure in rabbits alters gut microbiota and their metabolite profiles, which leads to colonic and liver inflammation as well as to increased gut permeability as measured by elevated serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in the offspring. Also, perinatal BPA exposure leads to reduced levels of gut bacterial diversity and bacterial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids [SCFA]) and elevated gut permeability—three common early biomarkers of inflammation-promoted chronic diseases. In addition, we showed that SCFA ameliorated BPA-induced intestinal permeability in vitro. Thus, our study results suggest that correcting environmental toxicant-induced bacterial dysbiosis early in life may reduce the risk of chronic diseases later in life. Bisphenol A (BPA) accumulates in the maturing gut and liver in utero and is known to alter gut bacterial profiles in offspring. Gut bacterial dysbiosis may contribute to chronic colonic and systemic inflammation. We hypothesized that perinatal BPA exposure-induced intestinal (and liver) inflammation in offspring is due to alterations in the microbiome and colonic metabolome. The 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis revealed differences in beta diversity with a significant reduction in the relative abundances of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers such as Oscillospira and Ruminococcaceae due to BPA exposure. Furthermore, BPA exposure reduced fecal SCFA levels and increased systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. BPA exposure-increased intestinal permeability was ameliorated by the addition of SCFA in vitro. Metabolic fingerprints revealed alterations in global metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Thus, our findings indicate that perinatal BPA exposure may cause gut bacterial dysbiosis and altered metabolite profiles, particularly SCFA profiles, leading to chronic colon and liver inflammation. IMPORTANCE Emerging evidence suggests that environmental toxicants may influence inflammation-promoted chronic disease susceptibility during early life. BPA, an environmental endocrine disruptor, can transfer across the placenta and accumulate in fetal gut and liver. However, underlying mechanisms for BPA-induced colonic and liver inflammation are not fully elucidated. In this report, we show how perinatal BPA exposure in rabbits alters gut microbiota and their metabolite profiles, which leads to colonic and liver inflammation as well as to increased gut permeability as measured by elevated serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in the offspring. Also, perinatal BPA exposure leads to reduced levels of gut bacterial diversity and bacterial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids [SCFA]) and elevated gut permeability—three common early biomarkers of inflammation-promoted chronic diseases. In addition, we showed that SCFA ameliorated BPA-induced intestinal permeability in vitro. Thus, our study results suggest that correcting environmental toxicant-induced bacterial dysbiosis early in life may reduce the risk of chronic diseases later in life.
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Rawat A, Chaturvedi S, Singh AK, Guleria A, Dubey D, Keshari AK, Raj V, Rai A, Prakash A, Kumar U, Kumar D, Saha S. Metabolomics approach discriminates toxicity index of pyrazinamide and its metabolic products, pyrazinoic acid and 5-hydroxy pyrazinoic acid. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 37:373-389. [PMID: 28425350 DOI: 10.1177/0960327117705426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pyrazinamide (PYZ)-an essential component of primary drug regimen used for the treatment and management of multidrug resistant or latent tuberculosis-is well known for its hepatoxicity. However, the mechanism of PYZ-induced hepatotoxicity is still unknown to researchers. Studies have shown that the drug is metabolized in the liver to pyrazinoic acid (PA) and 5-hydroxy pyrazinoic acid (5-OHPA) which individually may cause different degrees of hepatotoxicity. To evaluate this hypothesis, PYZ, PA, and 5-OHPA were administered to albino Wistar rats orally (respectively, at 250, 125, and 125 mg kg-1 for 28 days). Compared to normal rats, PYZ and its metabolic products decreased the weights of dosed rats and induced liver injury and a status of oxidative stress as assessed by combined histopathological and biochemical analysis. Compared to normal controls, the biochemical and morphological changes were more aberrant in PA- and 5-OHPA-dosed rats with respect to those dosed with PYZ. Finally, the serum metabolic profiles of rats dosed with PYZ, PA, and 5-OHPA were measured and compared with those of normal control rats. With respect to normal control rats, the rats dosed with PYZ and 5-OHPA showed most aberrant metabolic perturbations in their sera as compared to those dosed with PA. Altogether, the study suggests that PYZ-induced hepatotoxicity might be associated with its metabolized products, where 5-OHPA contributes to a higher degree in its overall toxicity than PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rawat
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,2 Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Chaturvedi
- 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,4 Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism (PKMD), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Singh
- 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Guleria
- 2 Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - D Dubey
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,2 Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Keshari
- 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V Raj
- 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Rai
- 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Prakash
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - U Kumar
- 2 Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - D Kumar
- 2 Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Saha
- 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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