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Ünalan Altıntop T, Koç N, Çetik S, Nalbantoğlu S, Akyön Y, Ergüven S. A Rare Case of Oral Myiasis Caused by Phormia regina (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in an Intubated Patient. TURKIYE PARAZITOLOJII DERGISI 2022; 46:75-77. [PMID: 35232710 DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2021.81300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Myiasis is the infestation of tissues with living larvae. Oral myiasis is an extremely rare form of the disease, with open mouth, unconsciousness, and poor oral hygiene being the predisposing factors. It is generally observed in the tropics or subtropics, as well as rural places with low socio-economic income. Mechanical removal and ivermectin are frequently used as treatments. Herein, we present a case of oral myiasis in a 69-year-old male intubated patient with myocardial infarction. Multiple larvae were observed in the mouth and mechanically removed. With the microscopic investigation, the larvae were identified as Phormia regina (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), which is extremely rare globally. For preventing oral myiasis, good patient care, good sanitary practice for oral health, efficient treatment of dental diseases, and fly population control, usage of masks for the risk groups are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğçe Ünalan Altıntop
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nafiye Koç
- Ankara University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sıla Çetik
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serpil Nalbantoğlu
- Ankara University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yakut Akyön
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Ergüven
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey
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Zhou M, Cao K, Huang H, Luo X, Wang Y, Ma W, Lv Z. Neonatal oral myiasis caused by the larvae of Sarcophaga ruficornis (Diptera: Sarcophagidae): a case report. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:1067. [PMID: 34654380 PMCID: PMC8518163 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06742-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myiasis is caused by dipterous larvae, and rarely affects the mouth. Diagnosis by traditional means is easy to be confused with other similar species. Here, we report a case of oral myiasis, in a 5-month-old infant who was diagnosed by morphological examination and molecular biological methods. Case presentation A 5-month old infant with acute myeloid leukemia was admitted due to recurrent skin masses for more than 4 months. The infant had lip swelling, which prevented him from closing the mouth and membranes were present in his mouth and there were also oral ulcers and erosions. Ten maggots were found in the mouth and one in the ear canal with pus flowing out and were confirmed as the third stage larvae of Sarcophaga ruficornis by morphological examination and a comparison of sequence of cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) gene. After removal of the maggots and chemotherapy, the infant ’s condition was gradually improved. Conclusions To the best of our our knowledge, this is the first neonatal oral myiasis case reported in China and its diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion. Microscopy combined with specific DNA sequence analysis is an effective technological tool to provide rapid diagnoses of the larva specimen and cases of rare diseases, as illustrated in the current case. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06742-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Ying Wang
- Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weike Ma
- Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiyue Lv
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
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Panico R, Panico I, Leonardi N, Garola F, Gilligan G. An unexpected finding in a labial swelling. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 133:259-263. [PMID: 34511350 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- René Panico
- Head Professor, Oral Medicine Department, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Panico
- Dentistry School, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Leonardi
- Assistant Professor, Oral Medicine Department, Dentistry School, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Federico Garola
- Oral Medicine Department, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Gilligan
- Assistant Professor, Oral Medicine Department, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
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Oral myiasis affecting paediatric patients: a systematic review. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2021; 123:e32-e36. [PMID: 34260982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral myiasis is a rare condition caused by Dipteran larvae that feed on living or dead tissues, ingested food or body fluids. It affects immunocompromised individuals with low socioeconomic status or those unable to maintain proper hygiene. Cases of oral myiasis are scarce but debilitating in children. We conducted a systematic review to understand the nature of disease, its causative factors, treatment and ways to prevent the occurrence of this condition among children. METHODOLOGY The review was carried out in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines. A systematic electronic literature search was conducted on major databases using keywords in combination with Boolean Operators. Manuscripts discussing cases of oral myiasis in paediatric patients were included in the review. RESULTS The exhaustive literature search and evaluation of full texts revealed 32 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A total of 68 cases of oral myiasis were reported from 2 to 16 years of children, majorly involving gingiva of maxillary anterior region and palate. CONCLUSION The dreadful condition of myiasis can be prevented by decreasing the number of flies, maintenance of good hygiene and by educating the susceptible population. Affected children must be managed by following proper treatment regimens.
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Girish M, Indira M, Anoop N, Deshmukh S, Shylaja K. Oral myiasis by Chrysomya Bezziana a bizarre sequel of self inflicting injury. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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A systematic review and an individual patient data meta-analysis of ivermectin use in children weighing less than fifteen kilograms: Is it time to reconsider the current contraindication? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009144. [PMID: 33730099 PMCID: PMC7968658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral ivermectin is a safe broad spectrum anthelminthic used for treating several neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Currently, ivermectin use is contraindicated in children weighing less than 15 kg, restricting access to this drug for the treatment of NTDs. Here we provide an updated systematic review of the literature and we conducted an individual-level patient data (IPD) meta-analysis describing the safety of ivermectin in children weighing less than 15 kg. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) for IPD guidelines by searching MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid Embase, LILACS, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, TOXLINE for all clinical trials, case series, case reports, and database entries for reports on the use of ivermectin in children weighing less than 15 kg that were published between 1 January 1980 to 25 October 2019. The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42017056515. A total of 3,730 publications were identified, 97 were selected for potential inclusion, but only 17 sources describing 15 studies met the minimum criteria which consisted of known weights of children less than 15 kg linked to possible adverse events, and provided comprehensive IPD. A total of 1,088 children weighing less than 15 kg were administered oral ivermectin for one of the following indications: scabies, mass drug administration for scabies control, crusted scabies, cutaneous larva migrans, myiasis, pthiriasis, strongyloidiasis, trichuriasis, and parasitic disease of unknown origin. Overall a total of 1.4% (15/1,088) of children experienced 18 adverse events all of which were mild and self-limiting. No serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Existing limited data suggest that oral ivermectin in children weighing less than 15 kilograms is safe. Data from well-designed clinical trials are needed to provide further assurance.
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Dos Passos JBS, Coelho LV, de Arruda JAA, Silva LVDO, do Valle IB, Santos MDS, de Figueiredo EL, Abreu LG, Mesquita RA. Oral myiasis: Analysis of cases reported in the English literature from 1990 to 2020. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2020; 41:20-31. [PMID: 33125723 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Myiasis is an infection caused by the deposition of fly larvae in tissues, and its involvement in the human oral cavity is uncommon. Herein, we have performed a data analysis of published cases of oral myiasis. A search was performed in PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, Scopus, and LILACS. Geographic distribution, demographic data, associated factors, clinical features, fly types, treatment, and presence of sequelae were analyzed. A total of 122 articles reported the cases of 157 infected individuals. The most affected countries were India (41%) and Brazil (29.5%). Male predominance (67.5%) and a mean of 41.9 years of age were observed. The gingiva (29%) was the most affected site, followed by palate (25%) and lip (21%). There were different forms and combinations of treatments: manual removal of larvae and surgical debridement, application of asphyxiating substances, antibiotic therapy, and use of ivermectin. The condition predominantly affects individuals with neurological and/or locomotor disabilities, of low socioeconomic status, with poor oral hygiene and chemical dependence and individuals with previous injuries or with the absence of lip sealing. The establishment of a standard treatment protocol, enabling comparison in future studies and providing uniformity in treatment strategies offered by health services is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Bianchi Souza Dos Passos
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiza Vale Coelho
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Alcides Almeida de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leni Verônica de Oliveira Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isabella Bittencourt do Valle
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Souza Santos
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eugênia Leal de Figueiredo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Child's and Adolescent's Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alves Mesquita
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Astekar M, Gujjar SV, Upadhyay H, Upadhyay H. Grub in the mouth: an unusual case with review of literature. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/9/e234818. [PMID: 32895252 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-234818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral myiasis is a rare disease, identified primarily in non-industrialised nations. It is caused fundamentally by the attack of larvae from Dipteran flies on the human tissues. Predisposing factors for oral myiasis are extraction wounds, destitute oral cleanliness, meagreness, mouth breathing amid rest, suppurative injuries, necrotic tissues, diabetes and perivascular infections primarily within the elderly, extreme halitosis, alcohol addiction, cerebral paralysis and components that favour prolonged mouth opening. Myiasis may have predilection to patients with mental challenges, cerebral palsy and hemiplegia due to unfortunate physical agility. The present case reports an oral myiasis in a 25-year-old woman who was mentally challenged. This condition was treated by topical application of turpentine oil with manual expulsion of hatchlings, taken after by surgical debridement and wide range antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusudan Astekar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, India
| | | | - Himanshu Upadhyay
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Implant and Maxillofacial Surgery Centre, Etah, India
| | - Himani Upadhyay
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Implant and Maxillofacial Surgery Centre, Etah, India
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Oral Myiasis Affecting Gingiva in a Child Patient: An Uncommon Case Report. Case Rep Dent 2016; 2016:2197450. [PMID: 26881145 PMCID: PMC4735925 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2197450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain dipteran flies larvae causing invasion of the tissues and organs of the humans or other vertebrates are called as myiasis, which feed on hosts dead or living tissues. It is well documented in the skin and hot climate regions; underdeveloped countries are affected more commonly. Oral cavity is affected rarely and it can be secondary to serious medical conditions. Poor oral hygiene, alcoholism, senility, or suppurating lesions can be associated with the oral myiasis. Inflammatory and allergic reactions are the commonest clinical manifestations of the disease. In the present case, gingiva of maxillary anterior region was affected by larval infection in a 13-year-old mentally retarded patient.
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Shikha S, Prasad Guru R, Ashutoshdutt P, Meenakshi S. Oral Myiasis: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (TEHRAN, IRAN) 2015; 12:456-9. [PMID: 26884780 PMCID: PMC4754572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Myiasis is a rare disease caused by infestation of tissue by larvae of flies. Oral myiasis is still "rare" and "unique" owing to the fact that oral cavity rarely provides the necessary habitat for a larval lifecycle. Herein, we present a case of extensive gingival myiasis in a 12-year-old mentally retarded, epileptic child as well as a literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Singh Shikha
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Maharana Pratap College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India,Corresponding author: S. Shikha, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Maharana Pratap College Of Dentistry and Research Center, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India,
| | - R Prasad Guru
- Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Peoples College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pathak Ashutoshdutt
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, RKDF Dental College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sood Meenakshi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Peoples College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Hassona Y, Scully C, Aguida M, de Almeida OP. Flies and the mouth. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 5:98-103. [DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Hassona
- Department of Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Pathology and Periodontics; The University of Jordan; Amman Jordan
- Oral Medicine; WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Health-General Health; Bristol Dental Hospital and School; Bristol UK
| | - Crispian Scully
- Department of Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Pathology and Periodontics; The University of Jordan; Amman Jordan
| | - Miranda Aguida
- Department of Oral Pathology; University of Campinas; Piracicaba Brazil
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