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Berger-Estilita J, Salvisberg D, Köselerli E, Haupt S, Meço BC. Impact of Burnout on Anaesthesiologists. Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim 2024; 52:54-59. [PMID: 38700106 DOI: 10.4274/tjar.2024.241565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Professional burnout syndrome (PBS) is an issue affecting individuals and organizations alike, characterized by emotional exhaustion and reduced effectiveness resulting from overwhelming work demands. Root causes include excessive workload, unrealistic expectations, and blurred work-life boundaries, which are often intensified by organizational culture and inadequate support systems. The consequences range from decreased productivity and creativity to high turnover rates and financial strain on organizations. Mitigating PBS requires a comprehensive approach that addresses both individual and organizational levels. Individually, stress management techniques and self-care practices are crucial for building resilience and coping with work-related stressors. Organizations play a vital role in promoting employee well-being by fostering a supportive work environment, promoting work-life balance and providing access to support systems such as counseling and mentorship programs. Leadership is key in creating a culture that values employee health and prioritizes open communication and empathy. Policy interventions can further support efforts to combat PBS by enforcing labor laws that protect employee rights, such as setting limits on working hours and ensuring access to mental health services. Additionally, incentivise organizations to prioritize employee well-being through tax incentives or certification programs can encourage proactive measures against burnout. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive exploration of PBS, examining its causes, consequences, and potential mitigation strategies in individuals and organizations, with a focus on anaesthesiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Berger-Estilita
- Hirslanden Medical Group Salem Spital, Institute of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Bern, Switzerland
- University of Bern, Institute for Medical Education, Bern, Switzerland
- University of Porto Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ekin Köselerli
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, İbn-i Sina Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Stefan Haupt
- Hirslanden Medical Group Salem Spital, Institute of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Başak Ceyda Meço
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, İbn-i Sina Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Ankara, Turkey
- Ankara University Brain Research Center (AÜBAUM), Ankara, Turkey
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Alkhawashki S, Alasiri R, Ruetalo M, Maggi J. The double whammy: Advanced medical training and parenting. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36697. [PMID: 38181276 PMCID: PMC10766316 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinicians may become parents during their clinical training and may be exposed to several challenges in career development, burnout and work-life balance. Previous research findings have reported that stressors facing trainees with children warrant greater attention from graduate medical institutions. Additionally, parenting-related information and considerations about the needs of trainees with children across clinical specialties are needed to inform institutional and national policies. A quantitative approach was used to examine clinical trainees' perceptions and experiences of parenting in relation to different specialties, sociodemographic traits, levels of support, and other potential factors influencing their residency and fellowship training and well-being. We used a survey that was distributed to all University of Toronto medical trainees (2214) via email correspondence and social media platforms. The trainees were asked to base their answers on their experience during the academic year of 2019 to 2020 (before the Coronavirus Disease 2019-related shutdown). Our study revealed that clearly, burnout is a concern for physicians who are raising children while in training. Notably, it was higher among younger aged trainees and those beginning their training journey including, first-year fellows and second-year residents, in addition to parents with toddlers. Moreover, female residents and male fellows showed higher burnout than their counterparts. Institutional support was associated with lower rates of burnout, evidenced by access to opportunities, allowing time to breastfeed/express milk and having access to medical care. We found multiple independent and significant factors affecting their rate of burnout including limited access to opportunities, lack of a self-care routine and absence of social community outside of work. The results show the importance of creating a positive learning experience for trainees juggling parenting and training needs, especially those starting their training both as residents and as fellows and those with younger children. Interventions can be categorized into those targeted at the individual and family levels, and institutional levels, with the overarching goal of balancing training and parenting. This can be achieved by fostering learning environments that prevent and decrease burnout and enhance the well-being of trainees and their families, which can start with ensuring trainees are aware of available resources and possible accommodations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Alkhawashki
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahaf Alasiri
- Department of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz, University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariela Ruetalo
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julie Maggi
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Afonso AM, Cadwell JB, Staffa SJ, Sinskey JL, Vinson AE. U.S. Attending Anesthesiologist Burnout in the Postpandemic Era. Anesthesiology 2024; 140:38-51. [PMID: 37930155 PMCID: PMC10751072 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000004784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anesthesiologists are experiencing unprecedented levels of workplace stress and staffing shortages. This analysis aims to assess how U.S. attending anesthesiologist burnout changed since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and target well-being efforts. METHODS The authors surveyed the American Society of Anesthesiologists' U.S. attending anesthesiologist members in November 2022. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey with additional questions relating to workplace and demographic factors. Burnout was categorized as high risk for burnout (exhibiting emotional exhaustion and/or depersonalization) or burnout syndrome (demonstrating all three burnout dimensions concurrently). The association of burnout with U.S. attending anesthesiologist retention plans was analyzed, and associated factors were identified. RESULTS Of 24,680 individuals contacted, 2,698 (10.9%) completed the survey, with 67.7% (1,827 of 2,698) at high risk for burnout and 18.9% (510 of 2,698) with burnout syndrome. Most (78.4%, n = 2,115) respondents have experienced recent staffing shortages, and many (36.0%, n = 970) were likely to leave their job within the next 2 yr. Those likely to leave their job in the next 2 yr had higher prevalence of high risk for burnout (78.5% [760 of 970] vs. 55.7% [651 of 1,169], P < 0.001) and burnout syndrome (24.3% [236 of 970] vs. 13.3% [156 of 1,169], P < 0.001) compared to those unlikely to leave. On multivariable analysis, perceived lack of support at work (odds ratio, 9.2; 95% CI, 7.0 to 12.1), and staffing shortages (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.57 to 2.43) were most strongly associated with high risk for burnout. Perceived lack of support at work (odds ratio, 6.3; 95% CI, 3.81 to 10.4) was the factor most strongly associated with burnout syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Burnout is more prevalent in anesthesiology since early 2020, with workplace factors of perceived support and staffing being the predominant associated variables. Interventions focused on the drivers of burnout are needed to improve well-being among U.S. attending anesthesiologists. EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoushka M. Afonso
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Joshua B. Cadwell
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Steven J. Staffa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jina L. Sinskey
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Amy E. Vinson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Shah SSNH, Laving A, Okech-Helu VC, Kumar M. Depression and its associated factors: perceived stress, social support, substance use and related sociodemographic risk factors in medical school residents in Nairobi, Kenya. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:444. [PMID: 34496834 PMCID: PMC8425003 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03439-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little data exists regarding depression and its associated factors in medical residents and doctors in Sub-Saharan Africa. Residents are at high risk of developing depression owing to the stressful nature of their medical practice and academic training. Depression in medical residents leads to decreased clinical efficiency, and poor academic performance; it can also lead to substance abuse and suicide. Our primary aim was to measure depression prevalence among medical residents in Kenya's largest national teaching and referral hospital. Secondary aims were to describe how depression was associated with perceived stress, perceived social support, substance use, and educational environment. METHODS We sampled 338 residents belonging to 8 different specialties using self administered questionnaires in this cross-sectional survey between October 2019 and February 2020. Questionnaires included: sociodemographics, the Centres for Epidemiology Depression Scale - Revised, Perceived Stress Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test, and Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression were used to assess for risk factors for depression. RESULTS Mean participant age was 31.8 years and 53.4% were males. Most residents (70.4%) reported no to mild depressive symptoms, 12.7% had moderate, and 16.9% had severe depressive symptoms. Most residents had high social support (71.8%) and moderate stress (61.6%). The educational environment was rated as more positive than negative by 46.3% of residents. Bivariate analyses revealed significant correlations between depressive symptoms, perceived stress, substance use, perceived social support, and educational environment. Multivariate analysis showed that depression was strongly associated with: fewer hours of sleep (β = - 0.683, p = 0.002), high perceived stress (β = 0.709, p < 0.001) and low perceived social support (β = - 2.19, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Only 30% of medical residents in our study had moderate and severe depressive symptoms. Most residents in our study reported high levels of social support, and moderate levels of stress. Though their overall appraisal of medical residency experience was positive, mental health support and self-care skills in the training of medical professionals needs prioritization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Laving
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kenyatta National Hospital, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Manasi Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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Neziri S, Tahirbegolli B, Selmani E, Gallopeni F. Assessment of burnout levels among anesthesiologists and anesthesiology technicians in Kosovo: A cross-sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE 2021; 33:261-268. [PMID: 34486989 DOI: 10.3233/jrs-200038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaesthesiology practitioners experience extraordinary pressure and stress in their daily work. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this research is to assess the occupational factors and burnout syndrome among anaesthesiologists and anaesthesiology technicians in Kosovo. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study carried out on a sample of 154 (out of 220) anaesthesiologists and anaesthesiology technicians in Kosovo. We collected the data using the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Occupational Role Stressors Scale. RESULTS The mean ± SD age of the study sample was 42.5 ± 8.7 years, and 57% of them were working more than 40 h per week. A high level of burnout in terms of depersonalization (DP) was found among 48 of anaesthesiologists and anaesthesiology technicians, 26 had high level of emotional exhaustion (EE). EE and DP showed significant positive correlation with work overload, managerial responsibility role, and overall occupational stress (p < 0.05). Female anaesthesiologists and anaesthesiology technicians showed higher score of personal achievement (PA) compared to males (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Approximately one-third of Kosovar anaesthesiologists and anaesthesiology technicians showed high level of burnout and it is rising as work overload and the role of managerial responsibility increases. Increasing the number of employed anaesthesiologists and anaesthesiology technicians in health institutions in Kosovo will lead to a better workload distribution and lower burnout syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shpresa Neziri
- Management of Health Institutions and Services, Heimerer College, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Bernard Tahirbegolli
- Management of Health Institutions and Services, Heimerer College, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Erza Selmani
- Management of Health Institutions and Services, Heimerer College, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Florim Gallopeni
- Psychology of Assessment and Intervention, Heimerer College, Pristina, Kosovo
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Dobroch J, Baczewska M, Szyłejko A, Chomicz K, Knapp P. Factors Predisposing to Burnout Syndrome among Medical Staff Participating in Complex Surgical Processes. Indian J Community Med 2021; 46:258-262. [PMID: 34321737 PMCID: PMC8281864 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_625_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Burnout syndrome is a serious manifestation of distress among health-care professionals. Objective Due to the specific nature of work in operating theaters, factors that affect the staff performance and therefore predispose to burnout syndrome were assessed. Methods Based on the original questionnaire, 254 respondents working in the operating theaters of the university hospital, appraised levels of work satisfaction, sources of stress, and psychosocial burden. Work-related mental stress was assessed using the Meister's questionnaire. Burnout levels were evaluated in the group extended to 316 employees with Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results Work satisfaction analysis indicated unsatisfactory management and remuneration as the negative agents. The majority of the respondents emphasized the maintenance of medical records as a prominent stress factor. A large number of participants (n = 221; 87%) described work as emotionally burdensome. The results showed that the highest burden was related to the following variables: time pressure, responsibility, problems, and conflicts. The examined group was qualified to the second degree of mental load related to the work. Similarly, the entire group reached a high level of emotional exhaustion. Conclusions Presented data indicate the need of evaluation to minimize occupational burnout problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Dobroch
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, University Oncology Center, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
| | - Marta Baczewska
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, University Oncology Center, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
| | - Alicja Szyłejko
- Main Operating Theater, University Hospital of Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Knapp
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, University Oncology Center, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
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Ismail TI, Shehata SF, Mahrous RSS. Occupational stress and burnout among frontline Egyptian anesthesiologists during COVID-19 outbreak in Egypt. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/11101849.2021.1891704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek I. Ismail
- Lecturer of Anaesthesia, Department of Anaesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shehata F. Shehata
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Lecturer of Statistics, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Rabab S. S Mahrous
- Assistant Professor of Anesthesia, Department of Anaesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Wijaya Ramlan A, Sugiharto P. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based intervention technique in reducing stress levels of anesthesiology and intensive therapy residents. BALI JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/bjoa.bjoa_251_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Bin Mugren M, Al Turki Y. Perceived stress and eating behavior among residents in a teaching hospital. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:4047-4053. [PMID: 35136766 PMCID: PMC8797111 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_680_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Alkindi M, Alghamdi O, Alnofaie H, AlHammad Z, Badwelan M, Albarakati S. Assessment of Occupational Stress Among Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons and Residents in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2020; 11:741-753. [PMID: 33117045 PMCID: PMC7567558 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s268430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Considering the important role of oral and maxillofacial surgeons in healthcare services and the stressful nature of their job, this study aimed to assess the occupational stress among oral and maxillofacial surgeons and residents in Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional questionnaires were developed, and they included the perceived stress scale and questions about potential sources of stress. A sample size of 180 was determined using a 0.05 level of significance and a precision of ±8%. The survey was distributed using a consecutive non-random sampling method to all oral and maxillofacial surgeons and residents in all regions in Saudi Arabia from May to December 2019. RESULTS One hundred and seventy-two responses were received. Males were the predominant gender. The perceived stress scale revealed a moderate stress level among surgeons and residents. However, residents had a significantly higher score (P = 0.005). Increased working days were significantly associated with higher stress levels (P = 0.006). Long on-call periods were significantly and positively correlated with increased stress levels among residents since their work schedule was not flexible (P = 0.000). The majority of surgeons and residents believe that they have unconducive and stressful work environments and that working as a maxillofacial surgeon is stressful. CONCLUSION The study results suggest that there is increased occupational stress among oral and maxillofacial surgeons and residents in Saudi Arabia. This study highlights the need for stress management programs to minimize stress factors at the workplace and to ensure a healthy working environment for the practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alkindi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Alghamdi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hourya Alnofaie
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Division, Basic Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad AlHammad
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Badwelan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Albarakati
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Prentice S, Dorstyn D, Benson J, Elliott T. Burnout Levels and Patterns in Postgraduate Medical Trainees: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2020; 95:1444-1454. [PMID: 32271234 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000003379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Postgraduate medical trainees experience high rates of burnout; however, inconsistencies in definitions of burnout characterize this literature. The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis examining burnout levels and patterns in postgraduate medical trainees, using a continuous conceptualization of burnout, consistent with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) framework. METHOD The authors searched 5 electronic databases (Cochrane Library, Embase, ERIC, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid PsycINFO) between January 1981 and July 2019 for studies reporting postgraduate medical trainees' burnout levels using the MBI-Human Services Survey. They examined study reporting quality using the QualSyst quality appraisal tool and calculated standardized mean differences (Hedges' g), comparing trainees' data with MBI norms for medicine and the overall population using a random effects model. They explored between-study heterogeneity using subgroup analyses (i.e., by training level and specialty). Finally, they studied the combined contribution of these 2 variables (and year of study publication) to burnout levels, using meta-regression. RESULTS The authors identified 2,978 citations and included 89 independent studies in their review. They pooled the data for the 18,509 postgraduate trainees included in these studies for the meta-analyses. Reporting quality was generally high across the included studies. The meta-analyses revealed higher burnout levels among trainees compared with medicine and overall population norms, particularly for the depersonalization subscale. The authors also identified statistically significant differences between nonsurgical and surgical registrars (specialty trainees), with trainees from 12 individual specialties exhibiting unique burnout patterns. CONCLUSIONS There is a need to reduce and prevent burnout early in medical training. Given the differences in burnout levels and patterns across specialties, interventions must focus on the unique patterns exhibited by each specialty in the target population using a multidimensional approach. Standardizing the definition of burnout in accordance with the MBI framework will facilitate progression of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Prentice
- S. Prentice is a Master of Psychology (Clinical) and PhD candidate, School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, and research support officer, GPEx, Adelaide, South Australia; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-7861
| | - Diana Dorstyn
- D. Dorstyn is senior lecturer, School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7799-8177
| | - Jill Benson
- J. Benson is senior medical educator, GPEx, and director, Health in Human Diversity Unit, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Taryn Elliott
- T. Elliott is manager of quality & special projects, GPEx, Adelaide, South Australia
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Mahseeri M, Al-Taher RM, Al Habashneh RAM, Alsmadi M, Harb AAAQA, Bustami NB, Shahait A, Alghanem L, Alhalasa F, Mutlaq Al Muhtaseb FB, Subhi Qirem M, Rahman Yaghi SA. Burnout of resident doctors in a teaching hospital in Jordan. INDIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SPECIALITIES 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_81_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Khan FA, Shamim MH, Ali L, Taqi A. Evaluation of Job Stress and Burnout Among Anesthesiologists Working in Academic Institutions in 2 Major Cities in Pakistan. Anesth Analg 2019; 128:789-795. [PMID: 30883424 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Work stress is an integral part of anesthetic practice and has been a subject of many studies. Persistent stress can lead to burnout. There is limited published literature from lower- and middle-income countries where job stressors may be different from high-income countries. The aim of this study was to find out the level of burnout in a cohort of anesthesiologists working in academic institutions in 2 major cities of Pakistan, a low middle income country. We conducted an anonymous survey based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale with 3 major components: emotional exhaustion; depersonalization; and burnout in personal achievement. The demographic and other work-related details were collected in a standardized manner. Our response rate was 74.5%. Seventy-seven percent of the participants were residents and 23% consultants. Gender distribution was 66.9% males and 33.1% females. Thirty-nine percent (95% CI, 34.8%-44.1%) showed moderate- to high-level emotional exhaustion, 68.4% (95% CI, 63.9%-72.7%) showed a moderate to high level of depersonalization, and 50.3% (95% CI, 45.6%-55.07%) showed a moderate to high level of burnout in personal achievements. On multivariable analysis, anesthesia not being the primary career choice was significantly associated with all 3-dimensional scales for the whole cohort. Factors significantly associated with emotional exhaustion were Lahore as city of work, >2 nights on call per week, and >40 h/wk work inside the operating room. Depersonalization burnout was again associated with Lahore as city of work, >40 h/wk work inside the operating room, and personal achievement burnout with >2 on-call nights per week. No association was observed for gender, marital status, or having children. In conclusion, a high rate of burnout was identified in anesthesiologists working in 2 major cities in Pakistan. Some new associated factors such as initial choice of specialty and city of work were highlighted. Based on these findings, preventive and coping strategies need to be introduced at institutional and national levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fauzia A Khan
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical College, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Liaqat Ali
- Department of Anaesthesia, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Taqi
- Department of Anaesthesia, Rashid Lateef Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
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Gandhi K, Sahni N, Padhy SK, Mathew PJ. Comparison of stress and burnout among anesthesia and surgical residents in a tertiary care teaching hospital in North India. J Postgrad Med 2019; 64:145-149. [PMID: 29067929 PMCID: PMC6066621 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_81_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The residents undergoing training at hospitals in our country face challenges in terms of infrastructure and high workload with undefined working hours. The aim of the study was to compare the stress and burnout levels in trainee doctors doing residency in surgical fields and anesthesia at a tertiary care academic center in North India. Materials and Methods: A comparative, observational study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in North India. After Ethics Committee approval, 200 residents (100 each from surgical branches and anesthesia) were required to fill a questionnaire with information about age, sex, year of residency, marital status, and the Perceived Stress Scale-10, and Burnout Clinical Subtype Questionnaire-12. Burnout and perceived stress were compared between residents of anesthesia and surgical specialties. Results: Residents of both surgical and anesthesia branches scored high in perceived stress, namely 21 and 18, respectively. The score was significantly higher in surgical residents (P = 0.03) and increased progressively with the year of residency. The majority of residents (90% surgical, 80% anesthesia) felt that they were being overloaded with work. However, only 20%–30% of respondents felt that there was lack of development of individual skills and still fewer (<10%) reported giving up in view of difficulties. Conclusion: There is high level of stress and overload dimension of burnout among the residents of anesthesia and surgical branches at our tertiary care academic institution and the surgical residents score marginally higher than anesthesia residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gandhi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Sahni
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - S K Padhy
- Department of Psychiatry, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - P J Mathew
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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Chemali Z, Ezzeddine FL, Gelaye B, Dossett ML, Salameh J, Bizri M, Dubale B, Fricchione G. Burnout among healthcare providers in the complex environment of the Middle East: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1337. [PMID: 31640650 PMCID: PMC6805482 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7713-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout is a syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, increased depersonalization, and a diminished sense of personal accomplishment due to chronic emotional stress at work. Burnout impacts job satisfaction, job performance, vulnerability to illnesses, and interpersonal relationships. There is a gap in the systematic data on the burden of burnout among healthcare professionals from different sectors of healthcare in Middle Eastern countries. Our objective was to examine the burden of burnout among healthcare providers in the Middle East, how it was assessed, which sectors were included, and what interventions have been used. METHODS Articles were found through a systematic review of search results including PubMed, Web of Science (Thomson Reuters), and PsycINFO (EBSCO) using search terms reflecting burnout in Middle Eastern countries among populations of healthcare providers. Studies were included if they examined a quantitative measure of burnout among healthcare providers in the Middle East. RESULTS There were 138 articles that met our inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Studies focused on burnout in the Middle East among physicians (N = 54 articles), nurses (N = 55), combined populations of healthcare workers (N = 22), and medical students (N = 7). The Maslach Burnout Inventory was the most common tool to measure burnout. Burnout is common among physicians, nurses, and other healthcare professionals, with prevalence estimates predominantly ranging between 40 and 60%. Burnout among healthcare providers in the Middle East is associated with characteristics of their work environments, exposure to violence and terror, and emotional distress and low social support. CONCLUSIONS Burnout is highly prevalent among healthcare providers across countries in the Middle East. Previous studies examining burnout in this region have limitations in their methodology. More thoroughly developed epidemiologic studies of burnout are necessary. Health system strengthening is needed in a region that has endured years of ongoing conflict, and there is an urgency to design and implement programs that tackle burnout among health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Chemali
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - F. L. Ezzeddine
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - B. Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - M. L. Dossett
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine and, Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - J. Salameh
- Department of Neurology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - M. Bizri
- Department of Psychiatry, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - B. Dubale
- Department of Psychiatry, Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - G. Fricchione
- Department of Psychiatry, Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
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Maswadi N, Khader YS, Abu Slaih A. Perceived Stress Among Resident Doctors in Jordanian Teaching Hospitals: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2019; 5:e14238. [PMID: 31579024 PMCID: PMC6777282 DOI: 10.2196/14238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical residents in Jordanian hospitals are involved in many clinical and nonclinical tasks that expose them to various stress factors. High stress and burnout have the potential to negatively impact work performance and patient care, including medication errors, suboptimal care, clinical errors, and patient dissatisfaction. Objective This study aimed to determine the perceived stress among medical residents in Jordanian hospitals and its associated risk factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among residents in Jordanian hospitals. A cluster sample of 5 hospitals with residency programs was selected from different health sectors. All residents who were working in the selected hospitals were invited to participate in this study, during the period from April to July 2017. A total of 555 residents agreed to participate in this study, giving a response rate of 84%. The perceived stress scale (PSS) was used for assessment. Results A total of 398 male and 157 female residents were included in this study. The mean PSS score in this study was 21.6; 73% (405/555) of the residents had moderate level of stress, and 18% (100/555) had high level of stress. About 6.7% (37/555) of the residents had hypertension, 2.7% (15/555) had diabetes, 3.2% (18/555) had heart disease, and 8.5% (47/555) were anemic. 233 (42%) respondents complained of back pain, and 161 (29%) of the respondents complained of insomnia. Stress was associated with higher workload, sleep deprivation, and dissatisfaction in the relationship with colleagues, with income, and with the program. In multivariate analysis, the following factors were significantly associated with stress: female gender, dissatisfaction with working environment, and facing work-related, academic, and family stressors. Conclusions The majority of medical residents in Jordanian hospitals felt nervous and stressed. Conducting stress management programs during residency and improving the work environment are strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizar Maswadi
- Department of Parasitic and Zoonotic Diseases, Directorate of Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yousef S Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Abu Slaih
- Community Medicine Residency Program, Jordan Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
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Jiang Y, Guan YJ, Dai DW, Huang W, Huang ZY. Prevalence of stress and its determinants among residents enrolled in China Standardized Training Program for Resident Doctor (C-STRD) program: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0207258. [PMID: 30615626 PMCID: PMC6322717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been widely understood that well-trained doctors are crucial for a high-quality public health system and safe patient care. Thus, in 2011, China initiated its first national residency training program, called the China Standardized Training for Resident Doctor (C-STRD), for medical graduates to prepare qualified doctors for the medical care system with increasing demands. So far, no studies have specifically address the prevalence of stress and its determinants among residents enrolled in the C-STRD. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS The research is performed in two stages. In stage I, the authors conducted a pilot study and met 112 C-STRD residents in person. Based on the preliminary data, a revised questionnaire was adopted in stage II, during which the authors conducted a multi-institutional, cross-sectional survey of 340 participants from 11 hospitals in Shanghai in a self-administered manner. RESULTS The results showed that C-STRD residents were overall under severe stress as their mean PSS score was 27.5 ± 4.9, which was higher than the threshold of high stress (PSS = 20). Specifically, the PSS score for the residents with Bachelor (MB), Master (MM) and Doctoral of Medicine (MD) educational degree were 26.6 ± 4.1, 27.8 ± 3.5 and 27.1 ± 5.2, respectively (P>0.05). Their stress was mainly associated with their financial income status and workload, as these two factors caused more severe burden than other listed stressors (P<0.05). Specially, the residents indicated that their montly payroll amout were as low as $590.2 ± 127 while no benefit package and allowance were given. Surprisingly, wage arrears up to 5.3 month were reported by 36 (10%) participants. Workload survey showed the residents has high work intensity and inadequate rest. Since no stress management program was provided, the majority of residents tended to cope their stress with unhealthy strategies, such as mesmerizing in TV/computer (88.2%) and overeating (59.7%). CONCLUSION The C-STRD residents are at high risk of perceived stress. Although there was a difference in perception of stress for workload and career future among different educational degree owners, low financial income is the major stressor among all C-STRD residents. Unhealthy stress management strategies were adopted by all residents due to lack of appropriate stress-relieving intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School Affiliated to Rutgers University, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, United States
- * E-mail:
| | - Yan-Jun Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital affiliated to China Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Da-Wei Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital affiliated to China Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital affiliated to China Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhen-Yu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital affiliated to China Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
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Sanfilippo F, Noto A, Palumbo GJ, Ippolito M, Gagliardone M, Scarlata M, Bignami E, Sangalli F, Cattaneo S, Blangetti I, Scolletta S, Locatelli A, Tritapepe L, Lorini FL, Arcadipane A. Burnout in Cardiac Anesthesiologists: Results From a National Survey in Italy. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2018; 32:2459-2466. [PMID: 29929893 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing burnout incidence among medical disciplines, and physicians working in emergency settings seem at higher risk. Cardiac anesthesiology is a stressful anesthesiology subspecialty dealing with high-risk patients. The authors hypothesized a high risk of burnout in cardiac anesthesiologists. DESIGN National survey conducted on burnout. SETTING Italian cardiac centers. PARTICIPANTS Cardiac anesthesiologists. INTERVENTIONS The authors administered via email an anonymous questionnaire divided into 3 parts. The first 2 parts evaluated workload and private life. The third part consisted of the Maslach Burnout Inventory test with its 3 constituents: high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The authors measured the prevalence and risk of burnout through the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire and analyzed factors influencing burnout. Among 670 contacts from 71 centers, 382 cardiac anesthesiologists completed the survey (57%). The authors found the following mean Maslach Burnout Inventory values: 14.5 ± 9.7 (emotional exhaustion), 9.1 ± 7.1 (depersonalization), and 33.7 ± 8.9 (personal accomplishment). A rate of 34%, 54%, and 66% of respondents scored in "high" or "moderate-high" risk of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment, respectively). The authors found that, if offered to change subspecialty, 76% of respondents would prefer to remain in cardiac anesthesiology. This preference and parenthood were the only 2 investigated factors with a protective effect against all components of burnout. Significantly lower burnout scores were found in more experienced anesthesiologists. CONCLUSION A relatively high incidence of burnout was found in cardiac anesthesiologists, especially regarding high depersonalization and low personal accomplishment. Nonetheless, most of the respondents would choose to remain in cardiac anesthesiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Sanfilippo
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alberto Noto
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Policlinico Universitario G. Martino, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gaetano J Palumbo
- School of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Ippolito
- Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies (DIBIMED), Section of Anesthesia Analgesia Intensive Care and Emergency. Policlinico P. Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariapia Gagliardone
- Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Unit, Transplant Center and De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Scarlata
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Elena Bignami
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Sangalli
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Sergio Cattaneo
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Ilaria Blangetti
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Santa Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Sabino Scolletta
- Unit of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Locatelli
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Santa Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Luigi Tritapepe
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anaesthetic and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ferdinando L Lorini
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Antonio Arcadipane
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
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Shetti AN, Karigar SL, Mustilwar RG. Assessment of Job Satisfaction and Quality of Life among Practicing Indian Anesthesiologists. Anesth Essays Res 2018; 12:302-308. [PMID: 29962587 PMCID: PMC6020557 DOI: 10.4103/aer.aer_59_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Anesthesiologists are exposed to extreme level of stress from beginning of career. With evolution of super-specialty branches, level of stress faced has also raised. Prolonged working hours, poor hospital facilities and dependencies on surgeon are main contributing factors. Stress and unsatisfactory remuneration may lead to decrease in job satisfaction. One should have a good quality of life, but high level of stress may itself compromise quality of life. This study aims at assessment of stress, quality of life spent, job satisfaction, and health issues. Aim: The aim is to study stress level, job satisfaction, and quality of life of practicing Indian anesthesiologists. Setting and Design: This was an online survey, descriptive study. Subjects and Methods: An online survey consisting of 21 questions was sent to Indian anesthesiologists by E-mail using SurveyMonkey platform. The responses were collected and analyzed. Results: Out of 1219 anesthesiologists, 81% were satisfied being anesthesiologist, but 58% are unsatisfied with remuneration. More than one role was played by 47.7% of anesthesiologists. Nearly 83% of anesthesiologists agreed that the stress is highest among anesthesiologist compared to other medical professionals. Stress does reduce with the presence of another anesthesiologist while managing cases. Most anesthesiologists practiced various stress reduction methods of which spending time with the family was most popular method. Conclusion: This study divulges working pattern, job satisfaction, level of stress faced, methods to alleviate stress, and quality of life of anesthesiologists in India. A balanced family and professional life with proper utilization of leisure will reduce the stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya N Shetti
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Rahata, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shivanand L Karigar
- Department of Anesthesiology, BLDE University and Research Centre, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
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Incidence and Factors Associated with Burnout in Anesthesiology: A Systematic Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8648925. [PMID: 29318155 PMCID: PMC5727625 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8648925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Burnout syndrome has reached epidemic levels among physicians (reported around 50%). Anesthesiology is among the most stressful medical disciplines but there is paucity of literature as compared with others. Analysis of burnout is essential because it is associated with safety and quality of care. We summarize evidence on burnout in anesthesiology. Methods We conducted a systematic review (MEDLINE up to 30.06.2017). We included studies reporting burnout in anesthesiology with no restriction on role or screening test used. Results Fifteen surveys/studies described burnout in anesthesiology, including different workers profiles (nurses, residents, consultants, and directors). All studies used the Maslach Burnout Inventory test but with significant differences for risk stratification. Burnout prevalence greatly varied across studies (10%–41% high risk, up to 59% at least moderate risk). Factors most consistently associated with burnout were strained working pattern, working as younger consultant, and having children. There was no consistent relationship between burnout and hospital characteristics, gender, or marital status. Conclusions Burnout prevalence among anesthesiologists is relatively high across career stages, and some risk factors are reported frequently. However, the small number of studies as well as the large differences in their methodology and in reporting approach warrants further research in this field.
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Alosaimi FD, Kazim SN, Almufleh AS, Aladwani BS, Alsubaie AS. Prevalence of stress and its determinants among residents in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2016; 36:605-12. [PMID: 25935183 PMCID: PMC4436759 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2015.5.10814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To examine perceived stress among residents in Saudi Arabia and its associated risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study of all residents registered at the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, was conducted between May and October 2012. We assessed the likelihood of stress using the perceived stress scale (PSS). Results: Out of the 4000 residents contacted, 1035 responded and 938 were included. The mean (±standard deviation) PSS score was 22.0±5.1 (median 22 and inter-quartile range of 18-25). With the exception of gender and nationality, no significant associations were found between stress and socio-demographic or behavioral factors. Stress was associated with higher workload, sleep deprivation, dissatisfaction with colleagues and the program, and harmful ideations. Stressors included work-related, academic, and homesickness stressors. In multivariate analysis, the following were independently associated with stress: Saudi nationality, facing homesick stressor, facing work-related stressor, dissatisfaction with relationships with colleagues, and frequent thoughts of quitting the medical profession. Conclusion: Residents in Saudi Arabia are at comparable or slightly higher risk of perceived stress than that reported among residents worldwide. Unfortunately, most of the participants never received stress management, which highlights the need for stress management programs during residency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad D Alosaimi
- Department of Psychiatry, King Khalid University Hospital, PO Box 7805, Riyadh 11472, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Alosaimi FD, Alghamdi AH, Aladwani BS, Kazim SN, Almufleh AS. Work-related stress and stress-coping strategies in residents and administrative employees working in a tertiary care hospital in KSA. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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van der Walt N, Scribante J, Perrie H. Burnout among anaesthetists in South Africa. SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/22201181.2015.1102798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Aboalela N, Lyon D, Elswick RK, Kelly DL, Brumelle J, Bear HD, Jackson-Cook C. Perceived Stress Levels, Chemotherapy, Radiation Treatment and Tumor Characteristics Are Associated with a Persistent Increased Frequency of Somatic Chromosomal Instability in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer: A One Year Longitudinal Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133380. [PMID: 26177092 PMCID: PMC4503400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While advances in therapeutic approaches have resulted in improved survival rates for women diagnosed with breast cancer, subsets of these survivors develop persistent psychoneurological symptoms (fatigue, depression/anxiety, cognitive dysfunction) that compromise their quality of life. The biological basis for these persistent symptoms is unclear, but could reflect the acquisition of soma-wide chromosomal instability following the multiple biological/psychological exposures associated with the diagnosis/treatment of breast cancer. An essential first step toward testing this hypothesis is to determine if these cancer-related exposures are indeed associated with somatic chromosomal instability frequencies. Towards this end, we longitudinally studied 71 women (ages 23-71) with early-stage breast cancer and quantified their somatic chromosomal instability levels using a cytokinesis-blocked micronuclear/cytome assay at 4 timepoints: before chemotherapy (baseline); four weeks after chemotherapy initiation; six months after chemotherapy (at which time some women received radiotherapy); and one year following chemotherapy initiation. Overall, a significant change in instability frequencies was observed over time, with this change differing based on whether the women received radiotherapy (p=0.0052). Also, significantly higher instability values were observed one year after treatment initiation compared to baseline for the women who received: sequential taxotere/doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide (p<0.001) or taxotere/cyclophosphamide (p=0.014). Significant predictive associations for acquired micronuclear/cytome abnormality frequencies were also observed for race (p=0.0052), tumor type [luminal B tumors] (p=0.0053), and perceived stress levels (p=0.0129). The impact of perceived stress on micronuclear/cytome frequencies was detected across all visits, with the highest levels of stress being reported at baseline (p =0.0024). These findings suggest that the cancer-related exposome has an impact on both healthy somatic cells and tumor cells, and may lead to persistent chromosomal instability. In addition, stress was a significant predictor of chromosomal instability; thus, interventions that aim to reduce stress may reduce acquired soma-wide chromosomal instability for cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noran Aboalela
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Debra Lyon
- Family and Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - R. K. Elswick
- Family and Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Debra Lynch Kelly
- Family and Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Jenni Brumelle
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Harry D. Bear
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Colleen Jackson-Cook
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhou Q, Jackson-Cook C, Lyon D, Perera R, Archer KJ. Identifying molecular features associated with psychoneurological symptoms in women with breast cancer using multivariate mixed models. Cancer Inform 2015; 14:139-45. [PMID: 25983548 PMCID: PMC4426955 DOI: 10.4137/cin.s17276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer among women. Research shows many women with BC experience anxiety, depression, and stress (ADS). Epigenetics has recently emerged as a potential mechanism for the development of depression.1 Although there are growing numbers of research studies indicating that epigenetic changes are associated with ADS, there is currently no evidence that this association is present in women with BC. The goal of this study was to identify high-throughput methylation sites (CpG sites) that are associated with three psychoneurological symptoms (ADS) in women with BC. Traditionally, univariate models have been used to examine the relationship between methylation sites and each psychoneurological symptom; nevertheless, ADS can be treated as a cluster of related symptoms and included together in a multivariate linear model. Hence, an overarching goal of this study is to compare and contrast univariate and multivariate models when identifying methylation sites associated with ADS in women with BC. When fitting separate linear regression models for each ADS scale, 3 among 285,173 CpG sites tested were significantly associated with depression. Two significant CpG sites are located on their respective genes FAM101A and FOXJ1, and the third site cannot be mapped to any known gene at this time. In contrast, the multivariate models identified 8,535 ADS-related CpG sites. In conclusion, when analyzing correlated psychoneurological symptom outcomes, multivariate models are more powerful and thus are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Debra Lyon
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Robert Perera
- Departments of Biostatistics & Social and Behavioral Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Kellie J Archer
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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van der Walt N. Burnout: when there is no more fuel for the fire. SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/22201173.2013.10872911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nic van der Walt
- Department of Anaesthesia Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital University of the Witwatersrand
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Life satisfaction and work-related satisfaction among anesthesiologists in Poland. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:601865. [PMID: 25013860 PMCID: PMC4070397 DOI: 10.1155/2014/601865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the level of life and job satisfaction of Polish anesthesiologists and to explore the impact of extrinsic-hygiene and intrinsic-motivating determinants. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted among consultant anesthesiologists in Lodz region. The questionnaire concerned patient care, burden, income, personal rewards, professional relations, job satisfaction in general, and life satisfaction. Respondents were asked to rate their level of satisfaction for each item on a seven-point Likert scale (1: extremely dissatisfied; 7: extremely satisfied). Results. 86.03% of anesthesiologists were satisfied with their economic status, 77.94% found their health status satisfactory, and 52.21% viewed their personal future optimistically. In general, 71.32% of anesthesiologists were satisfied with their current job situation. Among the less satisfying job aspects were work-related stress (2.49; SD = 1.23), administrative burden (2.85; SD = 1.47), workload (3.63; SD = 1.56), and leisure time (3.09; SD = 1.44). Conclusions. Considerable work-related stress leads to job dissatisfaction among anesthesiologists. There is an association between job satisfaction and health status, social life, and economic status. Working for long hours by anesthesiologists results in a high risk of burnout.
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Shams T, El-Masry R. Job Stress and Burnout among Academic Career Anaesthesiologists at an Egyptian University Hospital. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2013; 13:287-95. [PMID: 23862036 DOI: 10.12816/0003236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is compelling evidence that anaesthesiology is a stressful occupation and, when this stressful occupation is associated with an academic career, the burnout level is high. This study aimed to assess the predictors and prevalence of stress and burnout, associated sociodemographic characteristics, and job-related features. METHODS A cross-sectional survey study was carried out at Mansoura University Hospital in Egypt among 98 anaesthesiologists who had academic careers. The English version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) scale and the Workplace Stress Scale of the American Institute of Stress were used to measure job stress and burnout. Data were analysed according to the guidelines for data processing and an analysis of the scales used. RESULTS The participation rate of this study was 73.1%, where 69.4% were encountering job stress, while 62.2% experienced emotional exhaustion, 56.1% depersonalisation, and 58.2% reduced personal capacity. There was a significant positive correlation between job stress and MBI-HSS subscales. Residents and assistant lecturers were the most affected group. The strongest significant single predictor of all burnout dimensions was a lack of job support. CONCLUSION Stress and burnout among academic anaesthesiologists were caused by the lack of job support; this was especially true among residents and assistant lecturers. We can conclude that a well-organised institutional strategy to mitigate the heavy professional demands of academic anaesthesiologists' will relieve their stress and burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Shams
- Departments of Anesthesia & ICU, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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