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Pereira ME, Lima LS, Souza JV, de Souza da Costa N, da Silva JF, Guiloski IC, Irioda AC, Oliveira CS. Evaluation of the Neuroprotective Effect of Organic Selenium Compounds: An in Vitro Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2954-2965. [PMID: 37803188 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03893-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for human health and plays an important role in the development and maintenance of central nervous system functions. Se deficiency has been associated with cognitive decline and increased oxidative stress. The increase in oxidative stress is one of the hypotheses for the emergence and worsening of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). To investigate the neuroprotective effects of organic Se compounds in human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) differentiated into cholinergic neurons-like. The SH-SY5Y cells were differentiated into cholinergic neuron-like with retinoic acid (RA) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). AD was mimicked exposing the cells to okadaic acid (OA) and beta-amyloid protein (Aβ). The neuroprotective effect of organic Se compounds, selenomethionine (SeMet) and Ebselen, was evaluated through cell viability tests, acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant enzyme activities, and detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS). None of the SeMet concentrations tested protected against the toxic effect of OA + Aβ. On the other hand, previous exposure to 0.1 and 1 µM Ebselen protected cells from the toxic effect of OA + Aβ. Cell differentiation induced by RA and BDNF exposure was effective, showing characteristics of neuronal cells, and pointing to a promising model of AD. Ebselen showed a protective effect, but more studies are needed to identify the mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meire Ellen Pereira
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiza Siqueira Lima
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Júlia Vicentin Souza
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Nayara de Souza da Costa
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana Ferreira da Silva
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Izonete Cristina Guiloski
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Mishra CB, Shalini S, Gusain S, Kumar P, Kumari S, Choi YS, Kumari J, Moku BK, Yadav AK, Prakash A, Jeon R, Tiwari M. Multitarget action of Benzothiazole-piperazine small hybrid molecule against Alzheimer's disease: In silico, In vitro, and In vivo investigation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116484. [PMID: 38565058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel small molecule based on benzothiazole-piperazine has been identified as an effective multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) against Alzheimer's disease (AD). Employing a medicinal chemistry approach, combined with molecular docking, MD simulation, and binding free energy estimation, compound 1 emerged as a potent MTDL against AD. Notably, compound 1 demonstrated efficient binding to both AChE and Aβ1-42, involving crucial molecular interactions within their active sites. It displayed a binding free energy (ΔGbind) -18.64± 0.16 and -16.10 ± 0.18 kcal/mol against AChE and Aβ1-42, respectively. In-silico findings were substantiated through rigorous in vitro and in vivo studies. In vitro analysis confirmed compound 1 (IC50=0.42 μM) as an effective, mixed-type, and selective AChE inhibitor, binding at both the enzyme's catalytic and peripheral anionic sites. Furthermore, compound 1 demonstrated a remarkable ability to reduce the aggregation propensity of Aβ, as evidenced by Confocal laser scanning microscopy and TEM studies. Remarkably, in vivo studies exhibited the promising therapeutic potential of compound 1. In a scopolamine-induced memory deficit mouse model of AD, compound 1 showed significantly improved spatial memory and cognition. These findings collectively underscore the potential of compound 1 as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Bhushan Mishra
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, South Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Shruti Shalini
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Siddharth Gusain
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Shikha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Yong-Sung Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, South Korea
| | - Jyoti Kumari
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Bala Krishna Moku
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anita Kumari Yadav
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Amresh Prakash
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health (AIISH), Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley, Gurgaon 122413, India
| | - Raok Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, South Korea.
| | - Manisha Tiwari
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India.
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Narasimman V, Ramachandran S. Purification, structural characterization, and neuroprotective effect of 3,6-diisobutyl-2,5-piperazinedione from Halomonas pacifica CARE-V15 against okadaic acid-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish model. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23708. [PMID: 38597299 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Halomonas pacifica CARE-V15 was isolated from the southeastern coast of India to determine its genome sequence. Secondary metabolite gene clusters were identified using an anti-SMASH server. The concentrated crude ethyl acetate extract was evaluated by GC-MS. The bioactive compound from the crude ethyl acetate extract was fractionated by gel column chromatography. HPLC was used to purify the 3,6-diisobutyl-2,5-piperazinedione (DIP), and the structure was determined using FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. Purified DIP was used in an in silico molecular docking analysis. Purified DIP exhibits a stronger affinity for antioxidant genes like glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GSR). Using in silco molecular docking analysis, the protein-ligand binding affinities of GSR (-4.70 kcal/mol), GST (-5.27 kcal/mol), and GPx (-5.37 kcal/mol) were measured. The expression of antioxidant genes were investigated by qRT-PCR. The in vivo reactive oxygen species production, lipid peroxidation, and cell death levels were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased in OA-induced group, but all these levels were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased in the purified DIP pretreated group. Purified DIP from halophilic bacteria could thus be a useful treatment for neurological disorders associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Narasimman
- Native Medicine and Marine Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (Deemed to be University), Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Ramachandran
- Native Medicine and Marine Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (Deemed to be University), Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nazari-Serenjeh M, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Hatami-Morassa M, Fahanik-Babaei J, Mehrabi S, Tashakori-Miyanroudi M, Ramazi S, Mohamadi-Zarch SM, Nourabadi D, Roghani M. Kolaviron neuroprotective effect against okadaic acid-provoked cognitive impairment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25564. [PMID: 38356522 PMCID: PMC10864987 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is acknowledged as the main causative factor of dementia that affects millions of people around the world and is increasing at increasing pace. Okadaic acid (OA) is a toxic compound with ability to inhibit protein phosphatases and to induce tau protein hyperphosphorylation and Alzheimer's-like phenotype. Kolaviron (KV) is a bioflavonoid derived from Garcinia kola seeds with anti-antioxidative and anti-inflammation properties. The main goal of this study was to assess whether kolaviron can exert neuroprotective effect against okadaic acid-induced cognitive deficit. Rats had an intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of OA and pretreated with KV at 50 or 100 mg/kg and examined for cognition besides histological and biochemical factors. OA group treated with KV at 100 mg/kg had less memory deficit in passive avoidance and novel object discrimination (NOD) tasks besides lower hippocampal levels of caspases 1 and 3, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) as inflammatory factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde (MDA), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) and higher level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, mitochondrial integrity index, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH). Moreover, KV pretreatment at 100 mg/kg attenuated hippocampal CA1 neuronal loss and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) reactivity as a factor of astrogliosis. In summary, KV was able to attenuate cognitive fall subsequent to ICV OA which is partly mediated through its neuroprotective potential linked to mitigation of tau hyperphosphorylation, apoptosis, pyroptosis, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress and also improvement of mitochondrial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Nazari-Serenjeh
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Hatami-Morassa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Fahanik-Babaei
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Mehrabi
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Tashakori-Miyanroudi
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Samira Ramazi
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed-Mahdi Mohamadi-Zarch
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Davood Nourabadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Dhapola R, Kumari S, Sharma P, HariKrishnaReddy D. Insight into the emerging and common experimental in-vivo models of Alzheimer's disease. Lab Anim Res 2023; 39:33. [PMID: 38082453 PMCID: PMC10712122 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-023-00184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial, rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disorder. As the exact cause of the disease is still unclear, the drug development is very challenging. This review encompasses the commonly used AD models involving various chemicals, heavy metals and endogenous substances induced models and the transgenic models. It also provides insight into the reliable emerging models of AD that may overcome the shortcomings associated with available models. Chemicals like streptozotocin, scopolamine, colchicine and okadaic acid render the animal susceptible to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress induced neurodegeneration along with amyloid-β deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation. Similarly, endogenous substances like acrolein and amyloid-β 1-42 are efficient in inducing the major pathologies of AD. Heavy metals like aluminum and fluoride and mixture of these have been reported to induce neurotoxicity therefore are used as animal models for AD. Transgenic models developed as a result of knock-in or knock-out of certain genes associated with AD including PDAPP, APP23, Tg2576, APP/PS1, 3 × Tg and 5 × FAD have also been incorporated in this study. Further, emerging and advanced pathomimetic models of AD are provided particular interest here which will add on to the current knowledge of animal models and may aid in the drug development process and deepen our understanding related to AD pathogenesis. These newly discovered models include oAβ25-35 model, transgenic model expressing 82-kDa ChAT, oDGal mouse and APP knock-in rat. This study may aid in the selection of suitable model for development of novel potent therapeutics and for exploring detailed pathogenic mechanism of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Dhapola
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Sneha Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Prajjwal Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Dibbanti HariKrishnaReddy
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
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Longfield SF, Mollazade M, Wallis TP, Gormal RS, Joensuu M, Wark JR, van Waardenberg AJ, Small C, Graham ME, Meunier FA, Martínez-Mármol R. Tau forms synaptic nano-biomolecular condensates controlling the dynamic clustering of recycling synaptic vesicles. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7277. [PMID: 37949856 PMCID: PMC10638352 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal communication relies on the release of neurotransmitters from various populations of synaptic vesicles. Despite displaying vastly different release probabilities and mobilities, the reserve and recycling pool of vesicles co-exist within a single cluster suggesting that small synaptic biomolecular condensates could regulate their nanoscale distribution. Here, we performed a large-scale activity-dependent phosphoproteome analysis of hippocampal neurons in vitro and identified Tau as a highly phosphorylated and disordered candidate protein. Single-molecule super-resolution microscopy revealed that Tau undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation to generate presynaptic nanoclusters whose density and number are regulated by activity. This activity-dependent diffusion process allows Tau to translocate into the presynapse where it forms biomolecular condensates, to selectively control the mobility of recycling vesicles. Tau, therefore, forms presynaptic nano-biomolecular condensates that regulate the nanoscale organization of synaptic vesicles in an activity-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanley F Longfield
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), The University of Queensland; St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Mahdie Mollazade
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), The University of Queensland; St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Tristan P Wallis
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), The University of Queensland; St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Rachel S Gormal
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), The University of Queensland; St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Merja Joensuu
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), The University of Queensland; St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland; St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jesse R Wark
- Synapse Proteomics, Children's Medical Research Institute (CMRI), The University of Sydney, 214 Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | | | - Christopher Small
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), The University of Queensland; St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Mark E Graham
- Synapse Proteomics, Children's Medical Research Institute (CMRI), The University of Sydney, 214 Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Frédéric A Meunier
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), The University of Queensland; St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Science, The University of Queensland; St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Ramón Martínez-Mármol
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), Queensland Brain Institute (QBI), The University of Queensland; St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Alves SS, Servilha-Menezes G, Rossi L, da Silva Junior RMP, Garcia-Cairasco N. Evidence of disturbed insulin signaling in animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 152:105326. [PMID: 37479008 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Since glucose reuptake by neurons is mostly independent of insulin, it has been an intriguing question whether insulin has or not any roles in the brain. Consequently, the identification of insulin receptors in the central nervous system has fueled investigations of insulin functions in the brain. It is also already known that insulin can influence glucose reuptake by neurons, mostly during activities that have the highest energy demand. The identification of high density of insulin receptors in the hippocampus also suggests that insulin may present important roles related to memory. In this context, studies have reported worse performance in cognitive tests among diabetic patients. In addition, alterations in the regulation of central insulin pathways have been observed in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. In fact, some authors have proposed AD as a third type of diabetes and recently, our group proposed insulin resistance as a common link between different AD hypotheses. Therefore, in the present narrative review, we intend to revise and gather the evidence of disturbed insulin signaling in experimental animal models of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suélen Santos Alves
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Brazil
| | - Gabriel Servilha-Menezes
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Brazil
| | - Leticia Rossi
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Brazil
| | - Rui Milton Patrício da Silva Junior
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Brazil; Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Norberto Garcia-Cairasco
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Brazil; Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Brazil.
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8
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Ren B, Ma J, Tao M, Jing G, Han S, Zhou C, Wang X, Wang J. The disturbance of thyroid-associated hormone and its receptors in brain and blood circulation existed in the early stage of mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1591-1602. [PMID: 36897166 PMCID: PMC10042683 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies showed that thyroid function plays an important role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, changes in brain thyroid hormone and related receptors in the early stage of AD were rarely reported. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the early stage of AD and local thyroid hormone and its receptors in the brain. METHODS The animal model was established by stereotactic injection of okadaic acid (OA) into hippocampal region for the experiment, and 0.9% NS for the control. Blood sample from each mouse was collected and then the mice were sacrificed and the brain tissue was collected for detecting free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroid hormone (FT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and phosphorylated tau, amyloid-β (Aβ) and thyroid hormone receptors (THRs) in the hippocampus of the mice were detected as well. RESULTS Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that compared with the control, FT3, FT4, TSH and TRH in brain were significantly increased in the experimental group; in the serum, FT4, TSH and TRH were increased, while FT3 had no change; western blot analysis indicated that the expression of THR α and β in the hippocampus of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control. CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, a mouse AD model can be established successfully by injecting a small dose of OA into the hippocampus. We speculate that early AD brain and circulating thyroid dysfunction may be an early local and systemic stress repair response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxiu Ren
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Jinxin Ma
- Department of Hospital Infection Management, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Gongwei Jing
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Sheng Han
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Chengyi Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Jiaoya Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
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9
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de los Ríos C, Viejo L, Carretero VJ, Juárez NH, Cruz-Martins N, Hernández-Guijo JM. Promising Molecular Targets in Pharmacological Therapy for Neuronal Damage in Brain Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:118. [PMID: 36670980 PMCID: PMC9854812 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex etiopathogenesis of brain injury associated with neurodegeneration has sparked a lot of studies in the last century. These clinical situations are incurable, and the currently available therapies merely act on symptoms or slow down the course of the diseases. Effective methods are being sought with an intent to modify the disease, directly acting on the properly studied targets, as well as to contribute to the development of effective therapeutic strategies, opening the possibility of refocusing on drug development for disease management. In this sense, this review discusses the available evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction induced by Ca2+ miscommunication in neurons, as well as how targeting phosphorylation events may be used to modulate protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity in the treatment of neuronal damage. Ca2+ tends to be the catalyst for mitochondrial dysfunction, contributing to the synaptic deficiency seen in brain injury. Additionally, emerging data have shown that PP2A-activating drugs (PADs) suppress inflammatory responses by inhibiting different signaling pathways, indicating that PADs may be beneficial for the management of neuronal damage. In addition, a few bioactive compounds have also triggered the activation of PP2A-targeted drugs for this treatment, and clinical studies will help in the authentication of these compounds. If the safety profiles of PADs are proven to be satisfactory, there is a case to be made for starting clinical studies in the setting of neurological diseases as quickly as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal de los Ríos
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic and Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Autónoma de Madrid, C/. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, University Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Lucía Viejo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic and Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Autónoma de Madrid, C/. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Jiménez Carretero
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic and Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Autónoma de Madrid, C/. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Hernández Juárez
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic and Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Autónoma de Madrid, C/. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Jesús M. Hernández-Guijo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic and Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Autónoma de Madrid, C/. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research, IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9,100, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Chia K, Klingseisen A, Sieger D, Priller J. Zebrafish as a model organism for neurodegenerative disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:940484. [PMID: 36311026 PMCID: PMC9606821 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.940484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish is increasingly recognized as a model organism for translational research into human neuropathology. The zebrafish brain exhibits fundamental resemblance with human neuroanatomical and neurochemical pathways, and hallmarks of human brain pathology such as protein aggregation, neuronal degeneration and activation of glial cells, for example, can be modeled and recapitulated in the fish central nervous system. Genetic manipulation, imaging, and drug screening are areas where zebrafish excel with the ease of introducing mutations and transgenes, the expression of fluorescent markers that can be detected in vivo in the transparent larval stages overtime, and simple treatment of large numbers of fish larvae at once followed by automated screening and imaging. In this review, we summarize how zebrafish have successfully been employed to model human neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington’s disease. We discuss advantages and disadvantages of choosing zebrafish as a model for these neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelda Chia
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Klingseisen
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Dirk Sieger
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Dirk Sieger,
| | - Josef Priller
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DZNE, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Josef Priller,
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Tsamou M, Roggen EL. Building a Network of Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) Incorporating the Tau-Driven AOP Toward Memory Loss (AOP429). J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2022; 6:271-296. [PMID: 35891639 PMCID: PMC9277675 DOI: 10.3233/adr-220015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) concept was first proposed as a tool for chemical hazard assessment facilitating the regulatory decision-making in toxicology and was more recently recommended during the BioMed21 workshops as a tool for the characterization of crucial endpoints in the human disease development. This AOP framework represents mechanistically based approaches using existing data, more realistic and relevant to human biological systems. In principle, AOPs are described by molecular initiating events (MIEs) which induce key events (KEs) leading to adverse outcomes (AOs). In addition to the individual AOPs, the network of AOPs has been also suggested to beneficially support the understanding and prediction of adverse effects in risk assessment. The AOP-based networks can capture the complexity of biological systems described by different AOPs, in which multiple AOs diverge from a single MIE or multiple MIEs trigger a cascade of KEs that converge to a single AO. Here, an AOP network incorporating a recently proposed tau-driven AOP toward memory loss (AOP429) related to sporadic (late-onset) Alzheimer’s disease is constructed. This proposed AOP network is an attempt to extract useful information for better comprehending the interactions among existing mechanistic data linked to memory loss as an early phase of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsamou
- ToxGenSolutions (TGS), Maastricht, The Netherlands
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12
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Tsamou M, Pistollato F, Roggen EL. A Tau-Driven Adverse Outcome Pathway Blueprint Toward Memory Loss in Sporadic (Late-Onset) Alzheimer's Disease with Plausible Molecular Initiating Event Plug-Ins for Environmental Neurotoxicants. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 81:459-485. [PMID: 33843671 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of sporadic (late-onset) Alzheimer's disease (sAD) is dramatically increasing. Aging and genetics are important risk factors, but systemic and environmental factors contribute to this risk in a still poorly understood way. Within the frame of BioMed21, the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) concept for toxicology was recommended as a tool for enhancing human disease research and accelerating translation of data into human applications. Its potential to capture biological knowledge and to increase mechanistic understanding about human diseases has been substantiated since. In pursuit of the tau-cascade hypothesis, a tau-driven AOP blueprint toward the adverse outcome of memory loss is proposed. Sequences of key events and plausible key event relationships, triggered by the bidirectional relationship between brain cholesterol and glucose dysmetabolism, and contributing to memory loss are captured. To portray how environmental factors may contribute to sAD progression, information on chemicals and drugs, that experimentally or epidemiologically associate with the risk of AD and mechanistically link to sAD progression, are mapped on this AOP. The evidence suggests that chemicals may accelerate disease progression by plugging into sAD relevant processes. The proposed AOP is a simplified framework of key events and plausible key event relationships representing one specific aspect of sAD pathology, and an attempt to portray chemical interference. Other sAD-related AOPs (e.g., Aβ-driven AOP) and a better understanding of the impact of aging and genetic polymorphism are needed to further expand our mechanistic understanding of early AD pathology and the potential impact of environmental and systemic risk factors.
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Chu J, Wang J, Cui L, Liu S, An N, Han J, Che X, Wu C, Yang J. Pseudoginsenoside-F11 ameliorates okadiac acid-induced learning and memory impairment in rats via modulating protein phosphatase 2A. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 197:111496. [PMID: 33957218 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We have reported that pseudoginsenoside-F11 (PF11) can significantly improve the cognitive impairments in several Alzheimer's disease (AD) models, but the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, the effects of PF11 on AD, in particular the underlying mechanisms related with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), were investigated in a rat model induced by okadaic acid (OA), a selective inhibitor of PP2A. The results showed that PF11 treatment dose-dependently improved the learning and memory impairments in OA-induced AD rats. PF11 could significantly inhibit OA-induced tau hyperphosphorylation, suppress the activation of glial cells, alleviate neuroinflammation, thus rescue the neuronal and synaptic damage. Further investigation revealed that PF11 could regulate the protein expression of methyl modifying enzymes (leucine carboxyl methyltransferase-1 and protein phosphatase methylesterase-1) in the brain, thus increase methyl-PP2A protein expression and indirectly increase the activity of PP2A. Molecular docking analysis, structural alignment and in vitro results showed that PF11 was similar in the shape and electrostatic field feature to a known activator of PP2A, and could directly bind and activate PP2A. In conclusion, the present data indicate that PF11 can ameliorate OA-induced learning and memory impairment in rats via modulating PP2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiu Chu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Clinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, College of Elementary Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Lijuan Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Nina An
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jian Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaohang Che
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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14
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Rivastigmine attenuates the Alzheimer's disease related protein degradation and apoptotic neuronal death signalling. Biochem J 2021; 478:1435-1451. [PMID: 33660768 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rivastigmine is a clinical drug for patients of Alzheimer's disease (AD) exerting its inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase activity however, its effect on other disease-related pathological mechanisms are not yet known. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of rivastigmine on protein aggregation and degradation related mechanisms employing streptozotocin (STZ) induced experimental rat model. The known inhibitory effect of rivastigmine on cognition and acetylcholinesterase activity was observed in both cortex and hippocampus and further its effect on tau level, amyloid aggregation, biochemical alterations, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, calcium homeostasis, proteasome activity and apoptosis was estimated. STZ administration in rat brain caused significant cognitive impairment, augmented acetylcholinesterase activity, tau phosphorylation and amyloid aggregation which were significantly inhibited with rivastigmine treatment. STZ also caused significant biochemical alterations which were attenuated with rivastigmine treatment. Since AD pathology is related to protein aggregation and we have found disease-related amyloid aggregation, further the investigation was done to decipher the ER functionality and apoptotic signalling. STZ caused significantly altered level of ER stress related markers (GRP78, GADD153 and caspase-12) which were significantly inhibited with rivastigmine treatment. Furthermore, the effect of rivastigmine was estimated on proteasome activity in both regions. Rivastigmine treatment significantly enhances the proteasome activity and may contributes in removal of amyloid aggregation. In conclusion, findings suggested that along with inhibitory effect of rivastigmine on acetylcholinesterase activity and up to some extent on cognition, it has significant effect on disease-related biochemical alterations, ER functionality, protein degradation machinery and neuronal apoptosis.
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15
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Cai X, Zhang K, Xie X, Zhu X, Feng J, Jin Z, Zhang H, Tian M, Chen H. Self-assembly hollow manganese Prussian white nanocapsules attenuate Tau-related neuropathology and cognitive decline. Biomaterials 2019; 231:119678. [PMID: 31864019 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent chronic neurodegenerative disease. However, to date, none of the developed drug candidates targeting at a single therapeutic target of AD have achieved success in clinical trials. Herein, we proposed a hypothesis of hollow manganese Prussian white nanocapsules (HMPWCs)-mediated attenuation of Tau-related pathology and alleviation of cognitive decline via simultaneously alleviating neuroinflammation, scavenging reactive oxygen species, and reducing hyperphosphorylated Tau proteins. The HMPWCs self-assemblied with manganese Prussian white analogue and bovine serum albumin via a novel biomimetic mineralization present good biocompatibility, variable valence states, and low oxidation-reduction potential. They own the outstanding capabilities of relieving oxidative stress, inhibiting Tau neuropathology, and counteracting neuroinflammation, which could be used to treat Tau-related AD-like neurodegeneration. Importantly, they can also attenuate the cognitive impairments of Tau-related AD-like rats without significant side effects. This research takes the advantages of catalytic chemistry, nanomedicine and specific neurodegenerative microenvironment together, providing an alternative efficient treatment strategy for Tau-related neurodegeneration diseases, such as AD, Pick's disease, frontotemporal dementia, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and progressive supranuclear palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200050, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT Center, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, PR China
| | - Xue Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200050, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiandi Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT Center, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, PR China
| | - Jin Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT Center, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, PR China
| | - Zhiming Jin
- Jiangsu Huayi Technology Limited Company, Changshu, Jiangsu, 215522, PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT Center, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; The College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mei Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT Center, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, PR China.
| | - Hangrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China.
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16
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Hamidi N, Nozad A, Sheikhkanloui Milan H, Salari AA, Amani M. Effect of ceftriaxone on paired-pulse response and long-term potentiation of hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons in rats with Alzheimer-like disease. Life Sci 2019; 238:116969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Wang Y, Song X, Liu D, Lou YX, Luo P, Zhu T, Wang Q, Chen N. IMM-H004 reduced okadaic acid-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting Tau pathology in vitro and in vivo. Neurotoxicology 2019; 75:221-232. [PMID: 31562916 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore effects and mechanisms of 004 (IMM-H004), a novel coumarin derivative, in OKA (okadaic acid)-induced AD (Alzheimer's disease)-like model. In vitro, MTT, LDH, and Annexin V/FITC flow cytometry assay were used to test cell survival. In vivo, OKA microinjection was conducted to simulate AD-like neuropathology. Morris water maze and Nissl staining were used to detect spatial memory function and neuronal damage respectively. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to study the mechanisms of 004 in Tau pathology. The results showed that 004 reduced cell death and increased survival in PC12 cells, and decreased neuronal injury in the hippocampus in rats. 004 improved learning and memory functions in OKA-treated rats. The mechanistic studies indicated that 004 inhibited phosphorylation of Tau protein by down-regulating the activity of protein kinases CDK5 and GSK3β and increasing PP2A activity. Overall, 004 improved spatial memory impairments and neuron cells injury induced by OKA; on the other hand, 004 inhibited Tau hyperphosphorylation by regulating CDK5, GSK3β and PP2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiuyun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yu-Xia Lou
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Piao Luo
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Tianbi Zhu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
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18
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Hamidi N, Nozad A, Sheikhkanloui Milan H, Amani M. Okadaic acid attenuates short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity of hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons in rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 158:24-31. [PMID: 30630043 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation states have a pivotal role in regulation of synaptic plasticity and long-term modulation of synaptic transmission. Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A) have a critical effect on various regulatory mechanisms involved in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. Okadaic acid (OKA), a potent inhibitor of PP1 and PP2A, reportedly leads to cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of OKA on electrophysiological characteristics of hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) neurons in vivo. Male Wistar rats were divided into two control and OKA groups. OKA was injected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) into lateral ventricles and after two weeks the long-term potentiation (LTP) and paired-pulse responses recorded from hippocampal perforant path-DG synapses in order to assess short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity. Results of this study revealed that OKA-induced inhibition of PP1 and PP2A activity drastically attenuates the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) slope and population spike (PS) amplitude following paired pulse and high frequency stimulation (HFS) of hippocampal DG neurons indicating pre- and post-synaptic involvement in electrical activity of these neurons. Administration of OKA impaired the short-term and long-term spatial memories conducted by Y-maze and passive avoidance tests, respectively. OKA-induced attenuation in electrophysiological activity and consequent memory deficits also provide a beneficial tool for studying neurodegenerative disorders such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Hamidi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Abdollah Nozad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Amani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Huang L, Lin M, Zhong X, Yang H, Deng M. Galangin decreases p‑tau, Aβ42 and β‑secretase levels, and suppresses autophagy in okadaic acid‑induced PC12 cells via an Akt/GSK3β/mTOR signaling‑dependent mechanism. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1767-1774. [PMID: 30628698 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA)‑induced neurotoxicity may be considered a novel tool used to study Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, and may be helpful in the development of a novel therapeutic approach. It has been reported that galangin inhibits β‑site amyloid precursor protein‑cleaving enzyme 1 expression, which is a key enzyme for amyloid β (Aβ) generation and is a potential drug candidate for AD therapy. However, further studies are required to confirm its neuroprotective effects in other AD models. The present study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of galangin on OA‑induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. The cells were divided into the following groups: Control group, model group (175 nM OA for 48 h) and galangin groups (0.25, 0.5 and 1 µg/ml). Beclin‑1, phosphorylated (p)‑protein kinase B (Akt), p‑glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3β and p‑mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) expression was also measured in the following PC12 cell groups: Control group, model group, 3‑methyladenine group (5 nM), rapamycin group (100 nM) and galangin group (1 µg/ml). The levels of β‑secretase, Aβ42 and p‑tau were detected by ELISA, Beclin‑1 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and the protein expression levels of p‑Akt, p‑mTOR p‑GSK3β, and Beclin‑1 were detected by western blotting. Galangin treatment enhanced cell viability in cells treated with OA, and decreased β‑secretase, Aβ42 and p‑tau levels. In addition, it suppressed Beclin‑1 and p‑GSK3β expression, but promoted p‑Akt and p‑mTOR expression by regulating the Akt/GSK3β/mTOR pathway. These results indicated that galangin protected PC12 cells from OA‑induced cytotoxicity and inhibited autophagy via the Akt/GSK3β/mTOR pathway, thus suggesting that it may be considered a potential therapeutic agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524048, P.R. China
| | - Mingqin Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, P.R. China
| | - Minzhen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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Song HL, Demirev AV, Kim NY, Kim DH, Yoon SY. Ouabain activates transcription factor EB and exerts neuroprotection in models of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Cell Neurosci 2018; 95:13-24. [PMID: 30594669 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of neurofibrillary tangles containing abnormal hyperphosphorylated tau protein correlates with the degree of dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, autophagosome accumulation and disturbance of autophagy, the process by which toxic aggregate proteins are degraded in the cytosol, are also found in AD models. These indicate that regulation of the autophagy-lysosome system may be a potential therapeutic target for AD. Activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of autophagy-lysosome system gene transcription, reduces the amount of tau in APP mice. Here, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for AD, we performed two types of screening to determine pharmacologically active compounds that increase 1) neuronal viability in okadaic acid-induced tau hyperphosphorylation-related neurodegeneration models and 2) nuclear localization of TFEB in high-contents screening. Ouabain, a cardiac glycoside, was discovered as a common hit compound in both screenings. It also exhibited a significant protective effect in tau transgenic fly and mouse models in vivo. This work demonstrates that ouabain enhances activation of TFEB through inhibition of the mTOR pathway and induces downstream autophagy-lysosomal gene expression and cellular restorative properties. Therefore, therapeutic approaches using ouabain reduce the accumulation of abnormal toxic tau in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Lim Song
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bio-Medical Institute of Technology (BMIT), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Innovation in Neurodegenerative Diseases, ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Atanas Vladimirov Demirev
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bio-Medical Institute of Technology (BMIT), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Young Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bio-Medical Institute of Technology (BMIT), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Innovation in Neurodegenerative Diseases, ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hou Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bio-Medical Institute of Technology (BMIT), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Yong Yoon
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bio-Medical Institute of Technology (BMIT), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Innovation in Neurodegenerative Diseases, ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Foidl BM, Humpel C. Differential Hyperphosphorylation of Tau-S199, -T231 and -S396 in Organotypic Brain Slices of Alzheimer Mice. A Model to Study Early Tau Hyperphosphorylation Using Okadaic Acid. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:113. [PMID: 29725295 PMCID: PMC5917035 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the brain, characterized by extracellular aggregation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylation of tau causing intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). There is urgent need to study the interactions between Aβ and tau, especially to solve the question of the pathological cascade. In the present study, we aim to develop a model of organotypic brain slices in which both plaque and tau pathology can be examined. Organotypic brain slices (150 μm thick, coronal, at the hippocampal level) from adult (9 month) wildtype (WT, C57BL/6N) and transgenic AD mice (TG, APP_SweDI) were cultured for 2 weeks. To induce tau hyperphosphorylation 100 nM okadaic acid (OA), 10 μM wortmannin (WM) or both were added to the slices. Hyperphosphorylation of tau was tested at tau-S199, tau-T231 and tau-S396 using Western blot. Our data show that in TG mice with plaques a 50 kDa fragment of tau-S396 was hyperphosphorylated and that OA induced hyperphosphorylation of tau-S199. In WT mice (without plaques) OA caused hyperphosphorylation of a 50 kDa and a 38 kDa tau-T231 form and a 25 kDa sdftau-S396 fragment. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist MK801 (1 μM) did not block these effects. Immunohistochemistry showed diffuse increased tau-S396 and tau-T231-like immunoreactivities at the hippocampal level but no formation of NFTs. Confocal microscopy indicated, that pTau-T231 was preferentially located in cytoplasma surrounding nuclei whereas pTau-S396 was found mainly in nerve fibers and strongly associated with plaques. In conclusion we provide a novel in vitro model to study both plaque and tau hyperphosphorylation but not NFTs, which could be useful to study pathological processes in AD and to screen for drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina M Foidl
- Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer's Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Humpel
- Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer's Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Jha SK, Jha NK, Kumar D, Sharma R, Shrivastava A, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Stress-Induced Synaptic Dysfunction and Neurotransmitter Release in Alzheimer's Disease: Can Neurotransmitters and Neuromodulators be Potential Therapeutic Targets? J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 57:1017-1039. [PMID: 27662312 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The communication between neurons at synaptic junctions is an intriguing process that monitors the transmission of various electro-chemical signals in the central nervous system. Albeit any aberration in the mechanisms associated with transmission of these signals leads to loss of synaptic contacts in both the neocortex and hippocampus thereby causing insidious cognitive decline and memory dysfunction. Compelling evidence suggests that soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau serve as toxins in the dysfunction of synaptic plasticity and aberrant neurotransmitter (NT) release at synapses consequently causing a cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Further, an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission systems induced by impaired redox signaling and altered mitochondrial integrity is also amenable for such abnormalities. Defective NT release at the synaptic junction causes several detrimental effects associated with altered activity of synaptic proteins, transcription factors, Ca2+ homeostasis, and other molecules critical for neuronal plasticity. These detrimental effects further disrupt the normal homeostasis of neuronal cells and thereby causing synaptic loss. Moreover, the precise mechanistic role played by impaired NTs and neuromodulators (NMs) and altered redox signaling in synaptic dysfunction remains mysterious, and their possible interlink still needs to be investigated. Therefore, this review elucidates the intricate role played by both defective NTs/NMs and altered redox signaling in synaptopathy. Further, the involvement of numerous pharmacological approaches to compensate neurotransmission imbalance has also been discussed, which may be considered as a potential therapeutic approach in synaptopathy associated with AD.
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Wang F, Jia Y, Liu J, Zhai J, Cao N, Yue W, He H, Pei X. Dental pulp stem cells promote regeneration of damaged neuron cells on the cellular model of Alzheimer's disease. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:639-650. [PMID: 28328017 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease and many types of stem cells have been used in AD therapy with some favorable effects. In this study, we investigated the potential therapeutical effects of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) on AD cellular model which established by okadaic acid (OA)-induced damage to human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, in vitro for 24 h. After confirmed the AD cellular model, the cells were co-culture with hDPSCs by transwell co-culture system till 24 h for treatment. Then the cytomorphology of the hDPSCs-treated cells were found to restore gradually with re-elongation of retracted dendrites. Meanwhile, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and Hoechst 33258 staining showed that hDPSCs caused significant increase in the viability and decrease in apoptosis of the model cells, respectively. Observation of DiI labeling also exhibited the prolongation dendrites in hDPSCs-treated cells which were obviously different from the retraction dendrites in AD model cells. Furthermore, specific staining of α-tubulin and F-actin demonstrated that the hDPSCs-treated cells had the morphology of restored neurons, with elongated dendrites, densely arranged microfilaments, and thickened microtubular fibrils. In addition, results from western blotting revealed that phosphorylation at Ser 396 of Tau protein was significantly suppressed by adding of hDPSCs. These results indicate that hDPSCs may promote regeneration of damaged neuron cells in vitro model of AD and may serve as a useful cell source for treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 28, Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yali Jia
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 27, Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jiajing Liu
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 27, Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jinglei Zhai
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 27, Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ning Cao
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 27, Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wen Yue
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 27, Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Huixia He
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 28, Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xuetao Pei
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 27, Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
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White JA, Banerjee R, Gunawardena S. Axonal Transport and Neurodegeneration: How Marine Drugs Can Be Used for the Development of Therapeutics. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E102. [PMID: 27213408 PMCID: PMC4882576 DOI: 10.3390/md14050102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike virtually any other cells in the human body, neurons are tasked with the unique problem of transporting important factors from sites of synthesis at the cell bodies, across enormous distances, along narrow-caliber projections, to distally located nerve terminals in order to maintain cell viability. As a result, axonal transport is a highly regulated process whereby necessary cargoes of all types are packaged and shipped from one end of the neuron to the other. Interruptions in this finely tuned transport have been linked to many neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's (AD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) suggesting that this pathway is likely perturbed early in disease progression. Therefore, developing therapeutics targeted at modifying transport defects could potentially avert disease progression. In this review, we examine a variety of potential compounds identified from marine aquatic species that affect the axonal transport pathway. These compounds have been shown to function in microtubule (MT) assembly and maintenance, motor protein control, and in the regulation of protein degradation pathways, such as the autophagy-lysosome processes, which are defective in many degenerative diseases. Therefore, marine compounds have great potential in developing effective treatment strategies aimed at early defects which, over time, will restore transport and prevent cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A White
- Department of Biological Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
| | - Rupkatha Banerjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
| | - Shermali Gunawardena
- Department of Biological Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
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