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Bayani M, Heidari M, Almasi-Hashiani A. Periodontal disease and visfatin level: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293368. [PMID: 37934738 PMCID: PMC10629655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Visfatin is considered an inflammatory biomarker in periodontal disease (PD). In this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between Visfatin biomarker level with PD. In this study, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched. We included studies that examined visfatin levels in samples from healthy people and periodontal disease until March 2023. The quality of the selected articles was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa assessment scale. Depending on heterogeneity of studies, random-effects or fixed-effect models were used to pool results and report the standardized mean difference (SMD). After screening the retrieved papers, the related data were extracted. A total of 159 studies were identified, and 16 studies were included in the meta-analysis. In 9 studies, the SMD of visfatin level of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and healthy individuals was 4.32 (p<0.001). In 6 studies, the SMD of salivary visfatin level in patients with CP and healthy individuals was 2.95 (p = 0.004). In addition, in five studies, the SMD of serum visfatin level in patients with CP and healthy individuals was 7.87 (p<0.001). Therefore, Visfatin levels in serum, saliva, and GCF of patients with CP were increased in comparison to healthy individuals. Comparison of visfatin levels in saliva of gingivitis patients and healthy individuals showed a significant increase of visfatin in gingivitis patients (SMD:0.57, P = 0.018), but no significant difference was observed in the mean GCF visfatin level of gingivitis patients and healthy individuals (SMD:2.60, P = 0.090). In addition, the results suggested that there is no difference between gingivitis cases compared to CP patients (SMD:3.59, P = 0.217). Visfatin levels in GCF, serum, and saliva have the potential to be used as a diagnostic biomarker of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Bayani
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Amir Almasi-Hashiani
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Zhu J, Zhang S, Shi J, ning N, Wei Y, Zhang Y. Periodontitis is associated with the increased levels of visfatin: a meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:799. [PMID: 37884949 PMCID: PMC10601249 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03384-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease associated with systemic factors. Visfatin is a pleiotropic adipokine that exerts metabolic and immune functions. Studies have shown visfatin played roles in the development of periodontitis. The present study aims to compare the levels of visfatin in body fluids including serum, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) between periodontitis patients and healthy individuals, and to elucidate the alteration of visfatin levels after periodontal treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS The database searched included Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. According to the Eligibility criteria, the records were screened and the eligible studies were included. The methodological qualities of the included case-controlled studies were assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). The Methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies (MINORS) was applied for assessing the qualities of the included clinical trials. The statistical analyses were processed using STATA 15.0. RESULTS Twenty-three studies were included in the statistical analyses. The meta-analysis showed significantly elevated visfatin levels of GCF, serum, and saliva in the periodontitis population compared with the controls (GCF: SMD = 5.201, 95% CI: 3.886-6.516, Z = 7.75, P < 0.05; Serum: SMD = 7.417, 95% CI: 3.068-11.767, Z = 3.34, P = P < 0.05; Saliva: SMD = 2.683, 95% CI: 1.202-4.163, Z = 3.34, P < 0.05). Visfatin levels of saliva serum and GCF were significantly decreased after periodontal treatment. (Saliva: SMD = -1.338, 95% CI: -2.289-0.487, Z = 39.77, P < 0.05; Serum: SMD = -2.890, 95% CI: -5.300-0.480, Z = 2.35, P < 0.05; GCF: SMD = -6.075, 95% CI: -11.032-1.117, Z = 2.40, P = 0.016; I 2 = 95.9%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis elevated the visfatin levels in GCF, serum, and saliva. Additionally, GCF, serum, and saliva visfatin levels could be reduced after periodontal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Zhu
- Stomatology Center, China Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Suhan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, China Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Shi
- The ward of stomatology center, China Japan friendship hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning ning
- The ward of stomatology center, China Japan friendship hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wei
- The Second Department of Proctology, China Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Stomatology Center, China Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Wang Y, Fan Q, Xu Y, Zeng F, Liu X, Zhao D, Zhang L, Bai G. Effect of Eucommia water extract on gingivitis and periodontitis in experimental rats. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:326. [PMID: 35932002 PMCID: PMC9356420 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we evaluated the potential therapeutic effects of water extracts from Eucommia on periodontitis in experimental rats. We ligated the maxillary second molars of Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats with 4.0 silk threads and locally smeared Porphyromonas gingivalis(P. gingivalis) to induce gingivitis and periodontitis.After the model was successfully established, we exposed the rats to Eucommia water extracts through topical smearing and intragastric administration and evaluated the therapeutic effect of the extracts on gingivitis (for a 2 week treatment period) and periodontitis (over 4 weeks). We analyzed histopathological sections of the periodontal tissue and quantified the alveolar bone resorption levels, molecules related to periodontal oxidative stress, and periodontal inflammatory factors to assess the feasibility of Eucommia in treating gingivitis and periodontitis. We found that damage to the periodontal tissue was reduced after treatment with extracts,indicating that Eucommia has a positive effect in treating gingivitis and periodontitis in experimental rats. These findings are expected to provide the foothold for future research on secondary metabolites derived from Eucommia and guide the development of novel approaches for preventing and treating periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Wang
- grid.417409.f0000 0001 0240 6969Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Qin Fan
- grid.417409.f0000 0001 0240 6969Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Yanglong Xu
- grid.417409.f0000 0001 0240 6969Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Fengjiao Zeng
- grid.417409.f0000 0001 0240 6969Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Xia Liu
- grid.417409.f0000 0001 0240 6969Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 China
| | - Dan Zhao
- grid.443382.a0000 0004 1804 268XInstitute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences, The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Guohui Bai
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
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4
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Abstract
BACKGROUND An association has been hypothesized between periodontitis and hypertension. Periodontal therapy is believed to reduce systemic inflammatory mediators and increase endothelial function, thus having the potential to prevent and treat hypertension. OBJECTIVES To assess the effect and safety of different periodontal treatment modalities on blood pressure (BP) in people with chronic periodontitis. SEARCH METHODS The Cochrane Hypertension Information Specialist searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to November 2020 in the Cochrane Hypertension Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, seven other databases, and two clinical trials registries. We contacted the authors of relevant papers regarding further published and unpublished work. SELECTION CRITERIA RCTs and quasi-RCTs aiming to detect the effect of periodontal treatment on BP were eligible. Participants should have been diagnosed with chronic periodontitis and hypertension (or no hypertension if the study explored the preventive effect of periodontal treatment). Participants in the intervention group should have undergone subgingival scaling and root planing (SRP) and any other type of periodontal treatments, compared with either no periodontal treatment or alternative periodontal treatment in the control group. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane for study identification, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. We used a formal pilot-tested data extraction form for data extraction, and the Cochrane risk of bias tool for risk of bias assessment. We planned the meta-analysis, test for heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis. We assessed the certainty of evidence using GRADE. The primary outcome was change in systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). MAIN RESULTS We included eight RCTs. Five had low risk of bias, one had unclear risk of bias, and two had high risk of bias. Four trials compared periodontal treatment with no treatment. We found no evidence of a difference in the short-term change of SBP and DBP for people diagnosed with periodontitis and other cardiovascular diseases except hypertension (very low-certainty evidence). We found no evidence of a difference in long-term changes in SBP (mean difference [MD] -2.25 mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI] -9.41 to 4.92; P = 0.54; studies = 2, participants = 108; low-certainty evidence) and DBP (MD -2.55 mmHg, 95% CI -6.90 to 1.80; P = 0.25; studies = 2, participants = 103; low-certainty evidence). Concerning people diagnosed with periodontitis, in the short term, two studies of low certainty reported no changes in SBP (MD -0.14 mmHg, 95% CI -4.05 to 3.77; P = 0.94; participants = 294) and DBP (MD -0.15 mmHg, 95% CI -2.47 to 2.17; P = 0.90; participants = 294), and we found no evidence of a difference in SBP and DBP over a long period based on low certainty of evidence. Three studies compared intensive periodontal treatment with supra-gingival scaling. We found no evidence of a difference in changes in SBP and DBP for any length of time in people diagnosed with periodontitis (very low-certainty evidence). In people diagnosed with periodontitis and hypertension, we found one study reporting a significant reduction in the short term in SBP (MD -11.20 mmHg, 95% CI -15.40 to -7.00; P < 0.001; participants = 101; moderate-certainty evidence) and DBP (MD -8.40 mmHg, 95% CI -12.19 to -4.61; P < 0.0001; participants = 101; moderate-certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We found no evidence of a difference of an impact of periodontal treatments on BP in most comparisons assessed in this review, and given the low certainty of evidence and the lack of relevant studies we could not draw conclusions about the effect of periodontal treatment on BP in people with chronic periodontitis. We found only one study suggesting that periodontal treatment may reduce SBP and DBP over a short period in people with hypertension and chronic periodontitis, but the certainty of evidence was moderate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxue Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huilin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zongkai Lv
- Department of Stomatology, Nan Chong Central Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Chuan Bei Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jia
- Department of Prosthodontics & Implantology, Guizhou Medical University School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Dept of Growth, Development and Structure, Southern Illinois University, School of Dental Medicine, Alton, Illinois, USA
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McKetney J, Jenkins CC, Minogue C, Mach PM, Hussey EK, Glaros TG, Coon J, Dhummakupt ES. Proteomic and metabolomic profiling of acute and chronic stress events associated with military exercises. Mol Omics 2021; 18:279-295. [PMID: 34860218 DOI: 10.1039/d1mo00271f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By characterizing physiological changes that occur in warfighters during simulated combat, we can start to unravel the key biomolecular components that are linked to physical and cognitive performance. Viable field-based sensors for the warfighter must be rapid and noninvasive. In an effort to facilitate this, we applied a multiomics pipeline to characterize the stress response in the saliva of warfighters to correlate biomolecular changes with overall performance and health. In this study, two different stress models were observed - one of chronic stress and one of acute stress. In both models, significant perturbations in the immune, metabolic, and protein manufacturing/processing systems were observed. However, when differentiating between stress models, specific metabolites associated with the "fight or flight" response and protein folding were seen to be discriminate of the acute stress model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin McKetney
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA. .,National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Conor C Jenkins
- DEVCOM Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD 21010, USA.
| | - Catie Minogue
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA. .,National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Phillip M Mach
- DEVCOM Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD 21010, USA.
| | - Erika K Hussey
- DEVCOM Soldier Center, Natick, MA 01760, USA.,Defense Innovation Unit, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - Trevor G Glaros
- DEVCOM Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD 21010, USA. .,Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Joshua Coon
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA. .,National Center for Quantitative Biology of Complex Systems, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53515, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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6
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Abstract
Mediators of the initiation, development, and recurrence of periodontitis include the oral microbiome embedded in subgingival plaque and the host immune response to a dysbiosis within this dynamic and complex microbial community. Although mediators have been studied extensively, researchers in the field have been unable to fully ascribe certain clinical presentations of periodontitis to their nature. Emergence of high-throughput sequencing technologies has resulted in better characterization of the microbial oral dysbiosis that extends beyond the extensively studied putative bacterial periodontopathogens to a shift in the oral virome composition during disease conditions. Although the biological dark matter inserted by retroviruses was once believed to be nonfunctional, research has revealed that it encodes historical viral-eukaryotic interactions and influences host development. The objective of this review is to evaluate the proposed association of herpesviruses to the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease and survey the highly abundant prokaryotic viruses to delineate their potential roles in biofilm dynamics, as well as their interactions with putative bacterial periodontopathogens and eukaryotic cells. The findings suggest that potential novel periodontal therapies targeting or utilizing the oral virome can alleviate certain clinical presentations of periodontitis. Perhaps it is time to embrace the viral dark matter within the periodontal environment to fully comprehend the pathogenesis and systemic implications of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Martínez
- Orofacial Sciences DepartmentSchool of DentistryUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ryutaro Kuraji
- Orofacial Sciences DepartmentSchool of DentistryUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Life Science DentistryThe Nippon Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
- Department of PeriodontologyThe Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yvonne L. Kapila
- Orofacial Sciences DepartmentSchool of DentistryUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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Wacharanad S, Thatree P, Yiemwattana P, Paoprajak P, Ngamsangiam P, Valyanont M, Yiemwattana I. Antimicrobial Activity of Roselle-capped Silver Nanochip on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Eur J Dent 2021; 15:574-578. [PMID: 34041731 PMCID: PMC8382462 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1725574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This article aimed to study the effects of the roselle-capped silver nanochip (SNP-Ro chip) against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and the toxicity of this film on fibroblast cells to develop this SNP-Ro chip into a local chemical for the treatment of periodontitis in the future. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a microwave-assisted synthesis method, silver nanoparticles (SNPs) were prepared from a silver nitrate solution and roselle extract as a reducing and capping agent. Then, SNP-Ro chips were fabricated by mixing a solution of SNP-Ro with alginate gel. The antimicrobial effect of the synthesized SNP-Ro chips was performed by the disc diffusion technique and time kill assay. The cytotoxic effect was also determined by the MTS assay. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe's method were used to analyze the data for this experiment. RESULTS All three ratios of the SNP-Ro chip produced inhibition zones ranging between 18.75 ± 2.08 and 19.03 ± 2.25 mm. In studying the killing time, the three groups of the SNP-Ro chips completely eradicated A. actinomycetemcomitans within 180 minutes. The percentage of the viable SNP-Ro chip-treated human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were significantly increased when compared with the alginate chip-treated cells (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study developed a new method for the deposition of SNPs in alginate gel to make a thin small chip for the sustained release of the SNPs in a periodontal lesion. Therefore, the SNP-Ro chip has the potential to be developed as an adjunctive locally delivered antimicrobial agent in periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirorat Wacharanad
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Puncharee Thatree
- Secondary Demonstration School, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Menisa Valyanont
- Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Ichaya Yiemwattana
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
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Klyne DM, Hodges PW. Circulating Adipokines in Predicting the Transition from Acute to Persistent Low Back Pain. PAIN MEDICINE 2021; 21:2975-2985. [PMID: 32232467 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnaa052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) contribute to the transition from acute to persistent pain. Despite increasing incidence of obesity and its linkage with chronic pain and inflammation, cytokines predominantly produced by adipose tissue (adipokines) have received little attention. Here we aimed to explore the longitudinal trajectory of adipokines from the onset of acute low back pain (LBP) and identify combinations of adipokines and/or other features that predict outcome. METHODS Individuals with acute LBP (less than two weeks after onset) who had either recovered (no pain, N = 15) or remained unrecovered (no reduction/increase in pain, N = 13) at six months and 15 controls were retrospectively selected from a larger prospective cohort. Participants provided blood for the measurement of TNF, interleukin-6 (IL-6), resistin, visfatin, adiponectin, leptin, and C-reactive protein (CRP), and completed questionnaires related to pain/disability, depression, and sleep at baseline. LBP participants repeated measurements at six months. RESULTS Compared with controls, acute LBP individuals had higher TNF and CRP but lower adiponectin. In LBP, unrecovered individuals had higher TNF at both time points, but lower CRP at baseline and leptin at six months. Although combined low CRP, high TNF, and depressive symptoms at baseline predicted poor recovery, the primary adipokines leptin, resistin, visfatin, and adiponectin did not. CONCLUSIONS Primary adipokines did not add to the prediction of poor LBP outcome that has been identified for the combination of low CRP, high TNF, and depressive symptoms in acute LBP. Whether adipokines play a role in LBP persistence in overweight/obese individuals requires investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Klyne
- The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paul W Hodges
- The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
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Heji ES, Bukhari AA, Bahammam MA, Homeida LA, Aboalshamat KT, Aldahlawi SA. Periodontal Disease as a Predictor of Undiagnosed Diabetes or Prediabetes in Dental Patients. Eur J Dent 2020; 15:216-221. [PMID: 33285572 PMCID: PMC8184281 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study investigates whether periodontal parameters can identify subjects with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) or pre-DM in patients seeking dental treatment at a university dental hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adults older than 35 years, not being diagnosed with DM before and have at least one of the risk factors of DM were included in the study. All subjects received a complete periodontal examination, filled a medical history survey, and a fasting blood glucose measurement was obtained. A multiple logistic regression test using a backward elimination method to assess factors that predict if the participant is healthy, prediabetic or diabetic was done. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS A total of 61 subjects were enrolled with an average age of 42.9 ± 9.4 years. Having a family member diagnosed with DM was reported by 64.5% of the subjects; 59% were diagnosed with advanced periodontal disease. The final logistic regression model included smoking, hypertension, family history of DM, and percentage of clinical attachment loss >3 mm was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The model explained 47.7% of the diabetes condition and correctly classified 69.4% of cases. Participants with a family history of diabetes are 4.98 times more likely to exhibit prediabetic or diabetic status. Each unit increase in the percentage of clinical attachment loss increases the likelihood of participant to be prediabetic or diabetic by 1.104 times. CONCLUSION Dental patients presenting with severe clinical attachment loss and family history of DM have increased likelihood of undiagnosed DM or pre-DM and would benefit from screening at the dental office.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa S Heji
- Dental Teaching Hospital, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Manal A Bahammam
- Dental Teaching Hospital, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lujain A Homeida
- Department of Basic and Clinical Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid T Aboalshamat
- Division of Dental Public Health, Department of Preventative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa A Aldahlawi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Ripari F, Filippone F, Zumbo G, Covello F, Zara F, Vozza I. The Role of Coconut Oil in Treating Patients Affected by Plaque-Induced Gingivitis: A Pilot Study. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:558-565. [PMID: 32961569 PMCID: PMC7535963 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of the study was to evaluate the coconut oil pulling efficacy as adjuvant in reducing plaque formation and in treating plaque-induced gingivitis.
Materials and Methods
A sample of 20 patients was divided into two groups: a study and a control group. In the study group, coconut oil, in form of mouthwash, was administered to a sample of patients affected by gingivitis, aged between 18 and 35. The protocol established a daily application of the product for 30 days, where clinical parameters for plaque formation and gingivitis—plaque index (PI), bleeding index (BI)—will be evaluated during the recalls on a specific periodontal chart. The control group did not associate a coadjuvant to the normal daily oral health procedures and the same clinical parameters were evaluated at t0 and after 30 days (t1). The data were statistically analyzed using Student’s
t
-test, establishing the significance level as
p
< 0.05.
Results
PI and BI decreased in both groups, with a more relevant and significant drop in the study group, from a mean value of PI of 58.0 to 19.3 and a mean value of BI of 33.5 to 5.0. In the control group, the values decreased, respectively, from 53.9 to 29.1 for PI, and from 33.5 to 16.2. Furthermore, no significant side effect was reported during coconut oil pulling therapy.
Conclusions
The collected data showed significant and promising improvements in reducing plaque formation and gingivitis. However, further researches have to be performed to have more consistent and statistically significant data on larger samples and to fully understand the mechanisms of action and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ripari
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Filippone
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Zumbo
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Covello
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Zara
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Vozza
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Martynowicz H, Gać P, Kornafel-Flak O, Filipów S, Łaczmański Ł, Sobieszczańska M, Mazur G, Porȩba R. The Relationship Between the Effectiveness of Blood Pressure Control and Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Concentration, Adipose Tissue Hormone Concentration and Endothelium Function in Hypertensives. Heart Lung Circ 2020; 29:e200-e209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Ok CY, Park S, Jang HO, Takata T, Bae MK, Kim YD, Ryu MH, Bae SK. Visfatin Induces Senescence of Human Dental Pulp Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010193. [PMID: 31940881 PMCID: PMC7017355 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp plays an important role in the health of teeth. The aging of teeth is strongly related to the senescence of dental pulp cells. A novel adipokine, visfatin, is closely associated with cellular senescence. However, little is known about the effect of visfatin on the senescence of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). Here, it was found that in vivo visfatin levels in human dental pulp tissues increase with age and are upregulated in vitro in hDPCs during premature senescence activated by H2O2, suggesting a correlation between visfatin and senescence. In addition, visfatin knockdown by small interfering RNA led to the reduction in hDPC senescence; however, treatment with exogenous visfatin protein induced the senescence of hDPCs along with increased NADPH consumption, which was reversed by FK866, a chemical inhibitor of visfatin. Furthermore, visfatin-induced senescence was associated with both the induction of telomere damage and the upregulation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors as well as NF-κB activation, which were all inhibited by FK866. Taken together, these results demonstrate, for the first time, that visfatin plays a pivotal role in hDPC senescence in association with telomere dysfunction and the induction of SASP factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Youp Ok
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.Y.O.); (S.P.); (H.-O.J.)
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (M.-K.B.); (Y.-D.K.)
| | - Sera Park
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.Y.O.); (S.P.); (H.-O.J.)
| | - Hye-Ock Jang
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.Y.O.); (S.P.); (H.-O.J.)
| | | | - Moon-Kyoung Bae
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (M.-K.B.); (Y.-D.K.)
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Yong-Deok Kim
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (M.-K.B.); (Y.-D.K.)
- Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Mi Heon Ryu
- Department of Oral Pathology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Soo-Kyung Bae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.Y.O.); (S.P.); (H.-O.J.)
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (M.-K.B.); (Y.-D.K.)
- Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-8253
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PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD NEUTROPHILS IN MECHANISMS OF EXPERIMENTAL BACTERIAL-IMMUNE PERIODONTITIS DEVELOPMENT. WORLD OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.26724/2079-8334-2020-2-72-152-156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Katsani KR, Sakellari D. Saliva proteomics updates in biomedicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:17. [PMID: 31890650 PMCID: PMC6909541 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-019-0109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In the years of personalized (or precision) medicine the 'omics' methodologies in biomedical sciences-genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics-are helping researchers to detect quantifiable biological characteristics, or biomarkers, that will best define the human physiology and pathologies. Proteomics use high throughput and high efficiency approaches with the support of bioinformatic tools in order to identify and quantify the total protein content of cells, tissues or biological fluids. Saliva receives a lot of attention as a rich biological specimen that offers a number of practical and physiological advantages over blood and other biological fluids in monitoring human health. The aim of this review is to present the latest advances in saliva proteomics for biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina R Katsani
- 1Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Dimitra Sakellari
- 2Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Gingival crevicular fluid levels of visfatin in patients with chronic periodontitis and polycystic ovary syndrome. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2019; 63:87-93. [PMID: 31970132 PMCID: PMC6962584 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2020.63.1.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Recently, the association between periodontal diseases and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been established, and it has been revealed that visfatin levels increase in chronic periodontitis (CP) and PCOS. However, there was no study comparing the mean visfatin levels between advanced CP and PCOS. Therefore, the probable role of visfatin linking these diseases remains unknown, and this study was conducted to address this gap. Methods In this age- and weight-matched case-control study (cases with PCOS disease and controls without it), 110 female participants were divided into 4 groups based on clinical findings. The 1st group participants had both PCOS and advanced CP (n=30), 2nd group participants had only PCOS (n=25), 3rd group participants had only advanced CP (n=23), and 4th group comprised of healthy participants (n=32). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to investigate visfatin levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Data were collected and analyzed using Stata software (version 11). Results The results revealed the significant effect of both PCOS and advanced CP on visfatin levels in the GCF (P<0.05). Conclusion According to the results of this study, the visfatin level in the GCF could be the probable link of association between PCOS and advanced CP.
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Yelins’ka AM, Akimov OY, Kostenko VO. Role of AP-1 transcriptional factor in development of oxidative and nitrosative stress in periodontal tissues during systemic inflammatory response. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj91.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Pham TAV, Tran TTP. The interaction among obesity, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and periodontitis in Vietnamese patients. Clin Exp Dent Res 2018; 4:63-71. [PMID: 29955389 PMCID: PMC6010795 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the relationship between obesity, Type 2 diabetes, and periodontal disease in Vietnamese patients. The sample included 712 patients aged 18 years or older who first visited the Institute of Traditional Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City. All participants completed a questionnaire and underwent anthropometric index measurements for obesity (height, weight, waist, and hip circumferences) and had their body fat percentage measured. A full periodontal examination was performed and a fasting glycemic level was determined. Occurrence and risk of periodontal outcomes were compared across 3 different measurements of obesity (body mass index, waist-hip ratio, and body fat percentage). The prevalence of periodontitis in obese group (37.0%, 36.4%, and 24.6% by body mass index, waist-hip ratio, and body fat percentage, respectively) or Type 2 diabetic group (50.7%) was significantly higher than those without these conditions (p < .05). Subjects with obesity or Type 2 diabetes had significantly greater pocket depth and clinical attachment loss than those who are not obese or diabetic (p < .001). Multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for confounding variables, showed that the likelihood (odds ratio, OR) for periodontitis was highest in the obese and Type 2 diabetic group (OR = 4.24, CI [2.29, 7.86]; OR = 4.06, CI [2.24, 7.36]; and OR = 5.44, CI [2.94, 10.03]), followed by the obese and non-Type 2 diabetic group (OR = 2.28, CI [1.05, 4.95]; OR = 2.02, CI [1.34, 3.56]), and then the nonobese and Type 2 diabetic group (OR = 2.20, CI [1.21, 3.98]; OR = 1.99, CI [0.93, 4.24] and OR = 5.22, CI [2.76, 9.84]) when obesity was defined by body mass index, waist-hip ratio, and body fat percentage, respectively, (p < .05). There was a significant association between obesity, Type 2 diabetes, or those with both systemic conditions and periodontitis in Vietnamese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Anh Vu Pham
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odonto‐StomatologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Thao Thi Phuong Tran
- Faculty of Odonto‐StomatologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam
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THE NECROTIC-APOPTOTIC CHANGES IN BLOOD MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES IN THE EXPERIMENTAL BACTERIAL-IMMUNE PERIODONTITIS DEVELOPMENT. WORLD OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.26724/2079-8334-2018-1-63-120-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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THE ROLE OF NECROTIC AND APOPTOTIC CHANGES IN NEUTROPHILIC GRANULOCYTES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL BACTERIAL-IMMUNE PERIODONTITIS. WORLD OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.26724/2079-8334-2018-2-64-138-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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