1
|
Bryniarska-Kubiak N, Basta-Kaim A, Kubiak A. Mechanobiology of Dental Pulp Cells. Cells 2024; 13:375. [PMID: 38474339 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The dental pulp is the inner part of the tooth responsible for properly functioning during its lifespan. Apart from the very big biological heterogeneity of dental cells, tooth microenvironments differ a lot in the context of mechanical properties-ranging from 5.5 kPa for dental pulp to around 100 GPa for dentin and enamel. This physical heterogeneity and complexity plays a key role in tooth physiology and in turn, is a great target for a variety of therapeutic approaches. First of all, physical mechanisms are crucial for the pain propagation process from the tooth surface to the nerves inside the dental pulp. On the other hand, the modulation of the physical environment affects the functioning of dental pulp cells and thus is important for regenerative medicine. In the present review, we describe the physiological significance of biomechanical processes in the physiology and pathology of dental pulp. Moreover, we couple those phenomena with recent advances in the fields of bioengineering and pharmacology aiming to control the functioning of dental pulp cells, reduce pain, and enhance the differentiation of dental cells into desired lineages. The reviewed literature shows great progress in the topic of bioengineering of dental pulp-although mainly in vitro. Apart from a few positions, it leaves a gap for necessary filling with studies providing the mechanisms of the mechanical control of dental pulp functioning in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Bryniarska-Kubiak
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Basta-Kaim
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kubiak
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang C, Liu X, Zhou J, Zhang Q. The Role of Sensory Nerves in Dental Pulp Homeostasis: Histological Changes and Cellular Consequences after Sensory Denervation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1126. [PMID: 38256202 PMCID: PMC10815945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Homeostatic maintenance is essential for pulp function. Disrupting pulp homeostasis may lead to pulp degeneration, such as fibrosis and calcifications. Sensory nerves constitute a crucial component of the dental pulp. However, the precise involvement of sensory nerves in pulp homeostasis remains uncertain. In this study, we observed the short-term and long-term histological changes in the dental pulp after inferior alveolar nerve transection. Additionally, we cultured primary dental pulp cells (DPCs) from the innervated and denervated groups and compared indicators of cellular senescence and cellular function. The results revealed that pulp fibrosis occurred at 2 w after the operation. Furthermore, the pulp area, as well as the height and width of the pulp cavity, showed accelerated reductions after sensory denervation. Notably, the pulp area at 16 w after the operation was comparable to that of 56 w old rats. Sensory denervation induced excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and increased predisposition to mineralization. Furthermore, sensory denervation promoted the senescence of DPCs. Denervated DPCs exhibited decelerated cell proliferation, arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, imbalance in the synthesis and degradation of ECM, and enhanced mineralization. These findings indicate that sensory nerves play an essential role in pulp homeostasis maintenance and dental pulp cell fate decisions, which may provide novel insights into the prevention of pulp degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, No.399 Yanchang Middle Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai 200072, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Washio A, Kérourédan O, Tabata Y, Kokabu S, Kitamura C. Effect of Bioactive Glasses and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Dental Pulp Cells. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:568. [PMID: 38132822 PMCID: PMC10744375 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14120568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ideal regeneration of hard tissue and dental pulp has been reported with the use of a combination of bioactive glass and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). However, no previous study has investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the processes induced by this combination in dental pulp cells. This study aimed to examine the cellular phenotype and transcriptional changes induced by the combination of bioactive glass solution (BG) and bFGF in dental pulp cells using phase-contrast microscopy, a cell counting kit-8 assay, alkaline phosphatase staining, and RNA sequence analysis. bFGF induced elongation of the cell process and increased the number of cells. Whereas BG did not increase ALP activity, it induced extracellular matrix-related genes in the dental pulp. In addition, the combination of BG and bFGF induces gliogenesis-related genes in the nervous system. This is to say, bFGF increased the viability of dental pulp cells, bioactive glass induced odontogenesis, and a dual stimulation with bioactive glass and bFGF induced the wound healing of the nerve system in the dental pulp. Taken together, bioactive glass and bFGF may be useful for the regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Washio
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Olivia Kérourédan
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1026 BIOTIS, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France;
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan;
| | - Shoichiro Kokabu
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Chiaki Kitamura
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang J, Wang H, Wu D, Wang Z. LAMA5-inspired adhesive dodecapeptide facilitates efficient dentine regeneration: An in vitro and in vivo study. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1385-1398. [PMID: 37632694 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM The primary goal of this study was to investigate the potential effects of A5G81 in inducing reparative dentine (RD) formation both in vitro and in vivo. METHODOLOGY Cell adhesion was observed by crystal violet staining and quantified by Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS) extraction. Cell proliferation was investigated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Spreading of cytoskeleton was visualized using immunofluorescence staining. Protein expression level of Akt signalling pathway was compared in a human Akt pathway phosphorylation array. Genes that were up or downregulated by A5G81 were identified by RNA sequencing. The mRNA expression of odontoblastic markers was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Moreover, mineralization of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) was visualized by alizarin red staining and quantified using cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). A direct pulp-capping model was established in SD rats and the RD formation at 2 weeks after operation was observed using HE staining. RESULTS A5G81 (optimal coating concentration: 0.5 mg/mL) promoted hDPCs adhesion and proliferation to a level that was similar to Type I collagen (COL-1). Meanwhile, A5G81 activated Akt signalling pathway, albeit to a lesser extent than COL-1. An inhibition test indicated that A5G81 induced hDPCs adhesion by activating PI3K pathway. A5G81 induced the expression of ECM remodelling genes and odontoblastic genes, which were demonstrated by RNA-seq and qPCR, respectively. In addition, A5G81 efficiently accelerated the mineralization of hDPCs in both immobilized and soluble forms, a property that makes it more applicable in dental clinic. Finally, the pulp-capping study in rats suggested that use of A5G81 could successfully induce the formation of RD within 2 weeks. CONCLUSION Coating of A5G81 to non-tissue culture-treated polystyrene facilitates spreading, proliferation and differentiation of hDPCs, resulting in rapid RD formation in artificially exposed pulp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haicheng Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuolin Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gu F, Wu H, Huang Z, Wang F, Yang R, Bian Z, He M. The effects of dimethyl fumarate on cytoplasmic LPS-induced noncanonical pyroptosis in periodontal ligament fibroblasts and dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2023. [PMID: 37102402 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM Pyroptosis is a type of inflammatory cell death and is related to pulpitis and apical periodontitis. In this study, the aim was to investigate how periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) and dental pulp cells (DPCs) respond to pyroptotic stimuli and explore whether dimethyl fumarate (DMF) could block pyroptosis in PDLFs and DPCs. METHODOLOGY Three methods (stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus nigericin, poly(dA:dT) transfection and LPS transfection) were used to induce pyroptosis in PDLFs and DPCs, two types of fibroblasts related to pulpitis and apical periopontitis. THP-1 cell was used as a positive control. Afterwards, PDLFs and DPCs were treated with or without DMF before inducing pyroptosis to examine the inhibitory effect of DMF. Pyroptotic cell death was measured by lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays, cell viability assays, propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow cytometry. The expression levels of cleaved gasdermin D N-terminal (GSDMD NT), caspase-1 p20, caspase-4 p31 and cleaved PARP were examined by immunoblotting. Immunofluorescence analysis was used to detect the cellular distribution of GSDMD NT. RESULTS PDLFs and DPCs were more sensitive to cytoplasmic LPS-induced noncanonical pyroptosis than to canonical pyroptosis induced by stimulation with LPS priming plus nigericin or by poly(dA:dT) transfection. In addition, treatment with DMF attenuated cytoplasmic LPS-induced pyroptotic cell death in PDLFs and DPCs. Mechanistically, it was shown that the expression and plasma membrane translocation of GSDMD NT were inhibited in DMF-treated PDLFs and DPCs. CONCLUSIONS The current study indicates that PDLFs and DPCs are more sensitive to cytoplasmic LPS-induced noncanonical pyroptosis and that DMF treatment blocks pyroptosis in LPS-transfected PDLFs and DPCs by targeting GSDMD, suggesting DMF might be a promising drug for the management of pulpitis and apical periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Gu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hailin Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuo Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruihuan Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuan Bian
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Miao He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu S, Zheng Y, Guo Q, Li W, Ye L, Gao B. Mechanism of Pulp Regeneration Based on Concentrated Growth Factors Regulating Cell Differentiation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050513. [PMID: 37237583 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Concentrated growth factors (CGF) is the newest generation platelet concentrate product, which has been reported to promote the proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). However, the effect of liquid phase of CGF (LPCGF) has not been reported. This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of LPCGF on the biological properties of hDPCs, and to explore the in vivo mechanism of dental pulp regeneration based on the hDPCs-LPCGF complex transplantation. It was found that LPCGF could promote the proliferation, migration and odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs, and 25% LPCGF induced the most mineralization nodule formation and the highest DSPP gene expression. The heterotopic transplantation of the hDPCs-LPCGF complex resulted in the formation of regenerative pulp tissue with newly formed dentin, neovascularization and nerve-like tissue. Together, these findings provide key data on the effect of LPCGF on the proliferation, migration, odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDPCs, and the in vivo mechanism of hDPCs-LPCGF complex autologous transplantation in pulp regeneration therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenxu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu J, Tan X, Wei X, Hu W, Gao L, Cao X, Yang H, Jiang Z, Li N, Teng L, Liu M. Determination of the optimal concentration and duration of C5aR antagonist application in an inflammatory model of human dental pulp cells. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:570-581. [PMID: 36732060 PMCID: PMC9989919 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep tooth decay approaching the pulp may develop into pulpitis; to prevent this, pulp cells need to balance the rapid immune response to avoid rapid swelling of the pulp. Current treatment of deep decay that approaches the pulp involves the application of drugs that induce low-level inflammation in the dental pulp to promote its repair, but this treatment is sometimes insufficient. However, the unsuccessful treatment often resulted in pulpitis. The C5a-C5aR is the initial stage of the immune cascade response. Blocking the binding of C5a-C5aR can slow the immune response in the narrow pulp cavity, so that dental pulp cells have enough time to proliferate, migrate, and differentiate. In this study, we compared lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) at different concentrations and time points and used the C5aR antagonist W54011 to block the C5a-C5aR axis. The blocking effect was detected by analyzing the expression of C5a, C5aR, interleukin (IL)-6, and Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR-2, 4). Next, we determined the optimal concentration and duration of LTA and LPS treatment in combination with W54011. Based on our results, we selected 1.0 μg·mL-1 LPS treatment for 48 h to generate an inflammatory model of human dental pulp cells. We then regrouped the cells and conducted expression analyses to monitor the expression of C5a, C5aR, IL-6, and TLR-4 at the protein and mRNA levels. LPS stimulation for 48 h and treatment with W54011 for 48 h effectively inhibited inflammation and did not affect C5a expression. This study provides a basis for follow-up studies of W54011 in dental pulp cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Hu
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xiaohan Tan
- Department of ProsthodonticsThe second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityChina
| | | | - Weiping Hu
- Department of ProsthodonticsThe second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityChina
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityChina
| | - Xiaofang Cao
- Department of EndodonticsThe second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityChina
| | - Huiying Yang
- Department of StomatologyQiqihar Eye & ENT HospitalChina
| | - Zhuling Jiang
- Department of Oral ImplantologyThe second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityChina
| | - Ning Li
- Department of CardiologyThe second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityChina
| | - Li Teng
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Department of ProsthodonticsThe second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University & The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Ministry of EducationChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kuramoto H, Nakanishi T, Takegawa D, Mieda K, Hosaka K. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Induces Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Production and Inhibits CXCL10 Production in Human Dental Pulp Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5691-5699. [PMID: 36421669 PMCID: PMC9689326 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44110385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival rate of root non-vital teeth is lower than that of vital teeth. Therefore, to preserve the dental pulp is very important. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most potent angiogenic factor involved in the vitality of dental pulp including reparative dentin formation. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a physiologically active substance of propolis and has some bioactivities such as anti-inflammatory effects. However, there are no reports on the effects of CAPE on dental pulp inflammation. In this study, we investigated the effects of CAPE on VEGF and inflammatory cytokine production in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) to apply CAPE to an ideal dental pulp protective agent. We found that CAPE induced VEGF production from HDPCs. Moreover, CAPE induced the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) in HDPCs. Furthermore, CAPE inhibited C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) production in Pam3CSK4- and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-stimulated HDPCs. In conclusion, these results suggest that CAPE might be useful as a novel biological material for vital pulp therapy by exerting the effects of VEGF production and anti-inflammatory activities.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ibano N, Inada E, Otake S, Kiyokawa Y, Sakata K, Sato M, Kubota N, Noguchi H, Iwase Y, Murakami T, Sawami T, Kakihara Y, Maeda T, Terunuma M, Terao Y, Saitoh I. The Role of Genetically Modified Human Feeder Cells in Maintaining the Integrity of Primary Cultured Human Deciduous Dental Pulp Cells. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6087. [PMID: 36294410 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-specific stem cells exist in tissues and organs, such as skin and bone marrow. However, their pluripotency is limited compared to embryonic stem cells. Culturing primary cells on plastic tissue culture dishes can result in the loss of multipotency, because of the inability of tissue-specific stem cells to survive in feeder-less dishes. Recent findings suggest that culturing primary cells in medium containing feeder cells, particularly genetically modified feeder cells expressing growth factors, may be beneficial for their survival and proliferation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the role of genetically modified human feeder cells expressing growth factors in maintaining the integrity of primary cultured human deciduous dental pulp cells. Feeder cells expressing leukemia inhibitory factor, bone morphogenetic protein 4, and basic fibroblast growth factor were successfully engineered, as evidenced by PCR. Co-culturing with mitomycin-C-treated feeder cells enhanced the proliferation of newly isolated human deciduous dental pulp cells, promoted their differentiation into adipocytes and neurons, and maintained their stemness properties. Our findings suggest that genetically modified human feeder cells may be used to maintain the integrity of primary cultured human deciduous dental pulp cells.
Collapse
|
10
|
Gong Y, Honda Y, Adachi T, Marin E, Yoshikawa K, Pezzotti G, Yamamoto K. Tailoring Silicon Nitride Surface Chemistry for Facilitating Odontogenic Differentiation of Rat Dental Pulp Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13130. [PMID: 34884934 PMCID: PMC8658470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon nitride (Si3N4) can facilitate bone formation; hence, it is used as a biomaterial in orthopedics. Nevertheless, its usability for dentistry is unexplored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Si3N4 granules for the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of rat dental pulp cells (rDPCs). Four different types of Si3N4 granules were prepared, which underwent different treatments to form pristine as-synthesized Si3N4, chemically treated Si3N4, thermally treated Si3N4, and Si3N4 sintered with 3 wt.% yttrium oxide (Y2O3). rDPCs were cultured on or around the Si3N4 granular beds. Compared with the other three types of Si3N4 granules, the sintered Si3N4 granules significantly promoted cellular attachment, upregulated the expression of odontogenic marker genes (Dentin Matrix Acidic Phosphoprotein 1 and Dentin Sialophosphoprotein) in the early phase, and enhanced the formation of mineralization nodules. Furthermore, the water contact angle of sintered Si3N4 was also greatly increased to 40°. These results suggest that the sintering process for Si3N4 with Y2O3 positively altered the surface properties of pristine as-synthesized Si3N4 granules, thereby facilitating the odontogenic differentiation of rDPCs. Thus, the introduction of a sintering treatment for Si3N4 granules is likely to facilitate their use in the clinical application of dentistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Gong
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Japan; (Y.G.); (K.Y.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yoshitomo Honda
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Adachi
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajiicho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (T.A.); (E.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Elia Marin
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajiicho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (T.A.); (E.M.); (G.P.)
- Department of Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kazushi Yoshikawa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Japan; (Y.G.); (K.Y.); (K.Y.)
| | - Giuseppe Pezzotti
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajiicho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (T.A.); (E.M.); (G.P.)
- Department of Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Yamamoto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Japan; (Y.G.); (K.Y.); (K.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shimizu Y, Takeda-Kawaguchi T, Kuroda I, Hotta Y, Kawasaki H, Hariyama T, Shibata T, Akao Y, Kunisada T, Tatsumi J, Tezuka KI. Exosomes from dental pulp cells attenuate bone loss in mouse experimental periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2021; 57:162-172. [PMID: 34826339 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Exosomes are small vesicles secreted from many cell types. Their biological effects largely depend on their cellular origin and the physiological state of the originating cells. Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells exert therapeutic effects against multiple diseases and may serve as potential alternatives to stem cell therapies. We previously established and characterized human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype homo (HHH) dental pulp cell (DPC) lines from human wisdom teeth. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of local administration of HHH-DPC exosomes in a mouse model of periodontitis. METHODS Exosomes purified from HHH-DPCs were subjected to particle size analysis, and expression of exosome markers was confirmed by western blotting. We also confirmed the effect of exosomes on the migration of both HHH-DPCs and mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. A mouse experimental periodontitis model was used to evaluate the effect of exosomes in vivo. The morphology of alveolar bone was assessed by micro-computed tomography (μCT) and histological analysis. The effect of exosomes on osteoclastogenesis was evaluated using a co-culture system. RESULTS The exosomes purified from HHH-DPCs were homogeneous and had a spherical membrane structure. HHH-DPC exosomes promoted the migration of both human DPCs and mouse osteoblastic cells. The MTT assay showed a positive effect on the proliferation of human DPCs, but not on mouse osteoblastic cells. Treatment with HHH-DPC exosomes did not alter the differentiation of osteoblastic cells. Imaging with µCT revealed that the exosomes suppressed alveolar bone resorption in the mouse model of periodontitis. Although no change was apparent in the dominance of TRAP-positive osteoclast-like cells in decalcified tissue sections upon exosome treatment, HHH-DPC exosomes significantly suppressed osteoclast formation in vitro. CONCLUSIONS HHH-DPC exosomes stimulated the migration of human DPCs and mouse osteoblastic cells and effectively attenuated bone loss due to periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Shimizu
- Division of Oral Infections and Health Sciences, Department of Periodontology, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takeda-Kawaguchi
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Izumi Kuroda
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Hotta
- Central Research Institute of Oral Science, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawasaki
- Institute for NanoSuit Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiko Hariyama
- Institute for NanoSuit Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shibata
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kunisada
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Junichi Tatsumi
- Division of Oral Infections and Health Sciences, Department of Periodontology, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Tezuka
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences, Gifu University (G-CHAIN), Gifu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang P, Cui Z, Li S. The protective effects of S14G-humanin (HNG) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced inflammatory response in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) mediated by the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 12:7552-7562. [PMID: 34605740 PMCID: PMC8806744 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1979914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulpitis is reported in large populations of patients and significantly impacts their normal life quality. It is reported that the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Gram-negative bacteria induces severe inflammation in dental pulp tissues. S14G-humanin is a derivative of humanin and has been recently confirmed to possess promising anti-inflammatory properties. The current study aims to explore the possibility of treating pulpitis with S14G-humanin. LPS-stimulated dental pulp cells (DPCs) were utilized to simulate an inflammatory state in the progression of pulpitis. We found the elevated expressions and production of interleukin- 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), upregulated Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and activated oxidative stress in LPS-treated DPCs were all reversed by treatment with 50 and 100 μM S14G-humanin. In addition, the LPS-induced elevated expression levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (Myd88), and activation of the IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway in hDPCs were significantly repressed by treatment with S14G-humanin. Conclusively, we found that S14G-humanin protected LPS-treated hDPCs by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Heji Hospital Affiliated of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cui
- Department of Stomatology, Heji Hospital Affiliated of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Stomatology, Heji Hospital Affiliated of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yan H, Oshima M, Raju R, Raman S, Sekine K, Waskitho A, Inoue M, Inoue M, Baba O, Morita T, Miyagi M, Matsuka Y. Dentin-Pulp Complex Tissue Regeneration via Three-Dimensional Cell Sheet Layering. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:559-570. [PMID: 34583551 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The dentin-pulp complex is a unique structure in teeth that contains both hard and soft tissues. Generally, deep caries and trauma cause damage to the dentin-pulp complex, and if left untreated, this damage will progress to irreversible pulpitis. The aim of this study was to fabricate a layered cell sheet composed of rat dental pulp (DP) cells and odontogenic differentiation of pulp (OD) cells and to investigate the ability to regenerate the dentin-pulp complex in a scaffold tooth. We fabricated two single cell sheets composed of DP cells (DP cell sheet) or OD cells (OD cell sheet) and a layered cell sheet made by layering both cells. The characteristics of the fabricated cell sheets were analyzed using light microscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Furthermore, the cell sheets were transplanted into the subrenal capsule of immunocompromised mice for 8 weeks. After this, the regenerative capacity to form dentin-like tissue was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), HE staining, and IHC. The findings of SEM and IHC confirmed that layered cell sheets fabricated by stacking OD cells and DP cells maintained their cytological characteristics. Micro-CT of layered cell sheet transplants revealed a mineralized capping of the access cavity in the crown area, similar to that of natural dentin. In contrast, the OD cell sheet group demonstrated the formation of irregular fragments of mineralized tissue in the pulp cavity, and the DP cell sheet did not develop any hard tissue. Moreover, bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) showed a significant increase in hard tissue formation in the layered cell sheet group compared with that in the single cell sheet group (p < 0.05). HE staining also showed a combination of soft and hard tissue formation in the layered cell sheet group. Furthermore, IHC confirmed that the dentin-like tissue generated from the layered cell sheet expressed characteristic markers of dentin but not bone equivalent to that of a natural tooth. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the feasibility of regenerating dentin-pulp complex using a bioengineered tissue designed to simulate the anatomical structure. Impact statement The dentin-pulp complex can be destroyed by deep caries and trauma, which may cause pulpitis and progress to irreversible pulpitis, apical periodontitis, and even tooth loss. Current treatments cannot maintain pulp health, and teeth can become brittle. We developed a three-dimensional (3D) layered cell sheet using dental pulp cells and odontogenic differentiation of pulp cells for dentin-pulp complex regeneration. Our layered cell sheet enables the regeneration of an organized 3D dentin-pulp-like structure comparable with that of natural teeth. This layered cell sheet technology may contribute to dentin-pulp complex regeneration and provide a novel method for complex tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijiao Yan
- Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Oshima
- Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Resmi Raju
- Department of Oral Disease Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Swarnalakshmi Raman
- Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Sekine
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Arief Waskitho
- Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Miho Inoue
- Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masahisa Inoue
- Laboratories for Structure and Function Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Otto Baba
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Morita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mayu Miyagi
- Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshizo Matsuka
- Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ipposhi K, Tomokiyo A, Ono T, Yamashita K, Alhasan MA, Hasegawa D, Hamano S, Yoshida S, Sugii H, Itoyama T, Ogawa M, Maeda H. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 1 Promotes Odontoblastic Differentiation and Reparative Dentin Formation in Dental Pulp Cells. Cells 2021; 10:2491. [PMID: 34572140 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct pulp capping is an effective treatment for preserving dental pulp against carious or traumatic pulp exposure via the formation of protective reparative dentin by odontoblast-like cells. Reparative dentin formation can be stimulated by several signaling molecules; therefore, we investigated the effects of secreted frizzled-related protein (SFRP) 1 that was reported to be strongly expressed in odontoblasts of newborn molar tooth germs on odontoblastic differentiation and reparative dentin formation. In developing rat incisors, cells in the dental pulp, cervical loop, and inner enamel epithelium, as well as ameloblasts and preodontoblasts, weakly expressed Sfrp1; however, Sfrp1 was strongly expressed in mature odontoblasts. Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) showed stronger expression of SFRP1 compared with periodontal ligament cells and gingival cells. SFRP1 knockdown in hDPCs abolished calcium chloride-induced mineralized nodule formation and odontoblast-related gene expression and decreased BMP-2 gene expression. Conversely, SFRP1 stimulation enhanced nodule formation and expression of BMP-2. Direct pulp capping treatment with SFRP1 induced the formation of a considerable amount of reparative dentin that has a structure similar to primary dentin. Our results indicate that SFRP1 is crucial for dentinogenesis and is important in promoting reparative dentin formation in response to injury.
Collapse
|
15
|
Gong Q, Zeng J, Zhang X, Huang Y, Chen C, Quan J, Ling J. Effect of erythropoietin on angiogenic potential of dental pulp cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1079. [PMID: 34447472 PMCID: PMC8355638 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a 34-kDa glycoprotein that possesses the potential for angiogenesis, as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. The present study aimed to examine the effect of EPO on the angiogenesis of dental pulp cells (DPCs) and to explore the underlying mechanisms of these effects. It was demonstrated that EPO not only promoted DPCs proliferation but also induced angiogenesis of DPCs in a paracrine fashion. EPO enhanced the angiogenic capacity by stimulating DPCs to secrete a series of angiogenic cytokines. ELISA confirmed that high concentrations of EPO increased the production of MMP-3 and angiopoietin-1 but decreased the secretion of IL-6. Furthermore, EPO activated the ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways in DPCs, while inhibition of these pathways diminished the angiogenesis capacity of DPCs. The present study suggested that EPO may have an important role in the repair and regeneration of dental pulp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qimei Gong
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Junyu Zeng
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xufang Zhang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Chanchan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518038, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Quan
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mercado-Rubio MD, Pérez-Argueta E, Zepeda-Pedreguera A, Aguilar-Ayala FJ, Peñaloza-Cuevas R, Kú-González A, Rojas-Herrera RA, Rodas-Junco BA, Nic-Can GI. Similar Features, Different Behaviors: A Comparative In VitroStudy of the Adipogenic Potential of Stem Cells from Human Follicle, Dental Pulp, and Periodontal Ligament. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11080738. [PMID: 34442382 PMCID: PMC8401480 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11080738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DT-MSCs) are a promising resource for tissue regeneration due to their multilineage potential. Despite accumulating data regarding the biology and differentiation potential of DT-MSCs, few studies have investigated their adipogenic capacity. In this study, we have investigated the mesenchymal features of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), as well as the in vitro effects of different adipogenic media on these cells, and compared them to those of periodontal ligament stem cells (PLSCs) and dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs). DFSC, PLSCs, and DPSCs exhibit similar morphology and proliferation capacity, but they differ in their self-renewal ability and expression of stemness markers (e.g OCT4 and c-MYC). Interestingly, DFSCs and PLSCs exhibited more lipid accumulation than DPSCs when induced to adipogenic differentiation. In addition, the mRNA levels of adipogenic markers (PPAR, LPL, and ADIPOQ) were significantly higher in DFSCs and PLSCs than in DPSCs, which could be related to the differences in the adipogenic commitment in those cells. These findings reveal that the adipogenic capacity differ among DT-MSCs, features that might be advantageous to increasing our understanding about the developmental origins and regulation of adipogenic commitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D. Mercado-Rubio
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Kilómetro 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615, Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, Mérida 97203, Yucatán, Mexico; (M.D.M.-R.); (E.P.-A.); (A.Z.-P.); (R.A.R.-H.)
| | - Erick Pérez-Argueta
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Kilómetro 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615, Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, Mérida 97203, Yucatán, Mexico; (M.D.M.-R.); (E.P.-A.); (A.Z.-P.); (R.A.R.-H.)
| | - Alejandro Zepeda-Pedreguera
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Kilómetro 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615, Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, Mérida 97203, Yucatán, Mexico; (M.D.M.-R.); (E.P.-A.); (A.Z.-P.); (R.A.R.-H.)
| | - Fernando J. Aguilar-Ayala
- Laboratorio Translacional de Células Troncales-Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 61-A X Av. Itzaes Costado Sur “Parque de la Paz”, Col. Centro, Mérida 97000, Yucatán, Mexico; (F.J.A.-A.); (R.P.-C.)
| | - Ricardo Peñaloza-Cuevas
- Laboratorio Translacional de Células Troncales-Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 61-A X Av. Itzaes Costado Sur “Parque de la Paz”, Col. Centro, Mérida 97000, Yucatán, Mexico; (F.J.A.-A.); (R.P.-C.)
| | - Angela Kú-González
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, Mexico;
| | - Rafael A. Rojas-Herrera
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Kilómetro 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615, Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, Mérida 97203, Yucatán, Mexico; (M.D.M.-R.); (E.P.-A.); (A.Z.-P.); (R.A.R.-H.)
| | - Beatriz A. Rodas-Junco
- Laboratorio Translacional de Células Troncales-Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 61-A X Av. Itzaes Costado Sur “Parque de la Paz”, Col. Centro, Mérida 97000, Yucatán, Mexico; (F.J.A.-A.); (R.P.-C.)
- CONACYT-Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Kilómetro 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615, Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, Mérida 97203, Yucatán, Mexico
- Correspondence: (B.A.R.-J.); or (G.I.N.-C.)
| | - Geovanny I. Nic-Can
- Laboratorio Translacional de Células Troncales-Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 61-A X Av. Itzaes Costado Sur “Parque de la Paz”, Col. Centro, Mérida 97000, Yucatán, Mexico; (F.J.A.-A.); (R.P.-C.)
- CONACYT-Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Kilómetro 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615, Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, Mérida 97203, Yucatán, Mexico
- Correspondence: (B.A.R.-J.); or (G.I.N.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Du R, Zhao J, Wen Y, Zhu Y, Jiang L. Deferoxamine enhances the migration of dental pulp cells via hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:4780-4787. [PMID: 34150058 PMCID: PMC8205705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, we found that deferoxamine (DFO) improved the migration of dental pulp cells (DPCs). The present study aimed to determine whether the effects of DFO on the migration of DPCs were regulated via hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Recombinant adenovirus vectors carrying short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting the human HIF-1α gene (pAd-GFP-shRNA-HIF-1α) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) were constructed. The expression of HIF-1α was inhibited by pAd-GFP-shRNA-HIF-1α at messenger RNA and protein levels. The secretion of stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in DPCs treated with 10 μM DFO was higher than that in the control condition. The migration of DPCs was enhanced by 10 μM DFO. However, the effects of DFO on DPCs were partially reversed by silencing the HIF-1α gene in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or migration assay. Cumulatively, we conclude that DFO upregulated the secretion of SDF-1α or VEGF in DPCs and improved the migration of DPCs through HIF-1α.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Du
- Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, China
| | - Junjun Zhao
- Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wen
- Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqin Zhu
- Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, China
| | - Long Jiang
- Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang MC, Tu HF, Chang KW, Lin SC, Yeh LY, Hung PS. The molecular functions of Biodentine and mineral trioxide aggregate in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflamed dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1317-1327. [PMID: 33711171 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the proliferation, adhesion and differentiation response and the underlying mechanisms that occur in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflamed dental pulp cells (DPCs) in contact with Biodentine and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). METHODOLOGY The DPCs were isolated from three healthy donors and named DPC-H1 to DPC-H3. The DPCs were pre-cultured with 2 or 5 μg mL-1 LPS for 24 h to induce inflammation. The expression of inflammation marker miR-146a was detected by q-PCR. The normal and LPS-induced DPCs were further treated with 0.14 mg mL-1 Biodentine or 0.13 mg mL-1 MTA for 24 h. MTT assay and adhesion assay were used to analyse the changes of cell phenotypes. DSPP, AKT and ERK expressions were detected by Western blotting. The data were analysed by Mann-Whitney test or two-way anova. Differences were considered statistically significant when P < 0.05. RESULTS In LPS-induced DPCs, Biodentine and MTA treatment neither induced nor aggravated LPS-induced inflammation, but their presence did increase the expression of the odontogenic differentiation marker DSPP. Under 2 or 5 μg mL-1 LPS-induced inflammation, Biodentine and MTA promoted the proliferation of DPC cells, and significantly in DPC-H2 (P < 0.0001 for both reagents). With the treatment of 2 μg mL-1 LPS, the cell adhesion of DPCs on the fibronectin-coated culture plates was increased significantly by Biodentine (P = 0.0413) and MTA (P < 0.0001). Biodentine and MTA regulated cell adhesion on the fibronectin-coated culture plates (P < 0.0001 for both reagents) and proliferation (P < 0.0001 for both reagents) via the AKT pathway. However, the AKT pathway was not involved in the expression of DSPP induced by Biodentine and MTA. CONCLUSION Biodentine and MTA enhanced the proliferation, adhesion and differentiation of LPS-induced DPCs. The proliferation and adhesion process induced by Biodentine and MTA was via the AKT pathway. However, the cellular differentiation process might not use the same pathway, and this needs to be explored in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Wang
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Dentistry, Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taipei Municipal WanFang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H F Tu
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - K W Chang
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S C Lin
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L Y Yeh
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - P S Hung
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Peng X, Han S, Wang K, Ding L, Liu Z, Zhang L. Evaluating the potential of an amelogenin-derived peptide in tertiary dentin formation. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbab004. [PMID: 33738118 PMCID: PMC7955718 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several novel biomaterials have been developed for dental pulp capping by inducing tertiary dentin formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of QP5, an amelogenin-based peptide, on the mineralization of dental pulp cells (DPCs) in vitro and in vivo. The cell viability of human DPCs (hDPCs) after treatment with QP5 was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Migration of hDPCs was assessed using scratch assays, and the pro-mineralization effect was determined using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red staining and the expression of mineralization-related genes and proteins. The results showed that QP5 had little effect on the cell viability, and significantly enhanced the migration capability of hDPCs. QP5 promoted the formation of mineralized nodules, and upregulated the activity of ALP, the expression of mRNA and proteins of mineralization-related genes. A pulp capping model in rats was generated to investigate the biological effect of QP5. The results of micro-computed tomography and haematoxylin and eosin staining indicated that the formation of tertiary dentin in QP5-capping groups was more prominent than that in the negative control group. These results indicated the potential of QP5 as a pulp therapy agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sili Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longjiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gazarian K, Ramirez-Garcia L, Tapía Orozco L, Luna-Muñoz J, Pacheco-Herrero M. Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Display a Potential for Modeling Alzheimer Disease-Related Tau Modifications. Front Neurol 2021; 11:612657. [PMID: 33569035 PMCID: PMC7868559 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.612657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We present here the first description of tau in human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) evidenced by RT-PCR data on expression of the gene MAPT and by immunocytochemical detection of epitopes by 12 anti-tau antibodies. The tau specificity of eight of these antibodies was confirmed by their affinity to neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) postmortem brain samples. We therefore used DPSCs and AD brain samples as a test system for determining the probability of the involvement of tau epitopes in the mechanisms converting tau into NFT in AD. Three antibodies to non-phosphorylated and seven antibodies to phosphorylated epitopes bound tau in both DPSCs and AD NFTs, thus suggesting that their function was not influenced by inducers of formation of NFTs in the AD brain. In contrast, AT100, which recognizes a hyperphosphorylated epitope, did not detect it in the cytoplasm of DPSCs but detected it in AD brain NFTs, demonstrating its AD diagnostic potential. This indicated that the phosphorylation/conformational events required for the creation of this epitope do not occur in normal cytoplasm and are a part of the mechanism (s) leading to NFT in AD brain. TG3 bound tau in the cytoplasm and in mitotic chromosomes but did not find it in nuclei. Collectively, these observations characterize DPSCs as a novel tau-harboring neuronal lineage long-term propagable in vitro cellular system for the normal conformational state of tau sites, detectable by antibodies, with their state in AD NFTs revealing those involved in the pathological processes converting tau into NFTs in the course of AD. With this information, one can model the interaction of tau with inducers and inhibitors of hyperphosphorylation toward NFT-like aggregates to search for drug candidates. Additionally, the clonogenicity of DPSCs provides the option for generation of cell lineages with CRISPR-mutagenized genes of familial AD modeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karlen Gazarian
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Ramirez-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Tapía Orozco
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Luna-Muñoz
- National Dementia BioBank, Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores, Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico.,Banco Nacional de Cerebros-UNPHU, Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Mar Pacheco-Herrero
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago De Los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tian XX, Li R, Liu C, Liu F, Yang LJ, Wang SP, Wang CL. NLRP6-caspase 4 inflammasome activation in response to cariogenic bacterial lipoteichoic acid in human dental pulp inflammation. Int Endod J 2021; 54:916-925. [PMID: 33377178 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the presence and function of NLRP6-caspase 4 inflammasome in human pulp tissue and human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODOLOGY Pulp tissue was collected from freshly extracted human caries-free third molars and third molars with irreversible pulpitis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were performed to assess the expression of NLRP6-caspase 4 inflammasome. HDPCs were prepared from normal human pulp tissues and challenged with Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and qRT-PCR were performed to assess if LPS can upregulate NLRP6 and caspase-4. HDPCs were further challenged with LPS followed with cytosolic Streptococcus mutans lipoteichoic acid (LTA). SiRNA targeting NLRP6 and Casp4 and pharmacology inhibitor Ac-FLTD-CMK and MCC950 were used to assess if Streptococcus mutans LTA can activate the NLRP6 but not the NLRP3 inflammasome. Western blot and ELISA were performed to evaluate inflammasome activation. The Student's t-test and one-way anova were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS NLRP6-caspase 4 inflammasome was upregulated and activated in inflamed human dental pulp tissue. In HDPCs, Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS upregulated the expression of NLRP6, CASP1 and CASP4 in a type I interferon dependent manner. After LPS priming, cytosolic Streptococcus mutans LTA triggered NLRP6-caspase 4 inflammasome activation. Knockdown of NLRP6 or CASP4 using siRNA or using pharmacology inhibitor Ac-FLTD-CMK but not MCC950 efficiently suppressed inflammasome activation by cytosolic LTA. CONCLUSIONS NLRP6-caspase 4 inflammasome may play an important role in pulp inflammation and immune defence. Inflammatory caspases represent a pharmacological target to restrain pulpal inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X X Tian
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - R Li
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - F Liu
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - L J Yang
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - S P Wang
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - C L Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
The ability to consume a meal using one's own teeth influences an individual's quality of life. In today's global aging society, studying the biological changes in aging teeth is important to address this issue. A tooth includes three hard tissues (enamel, dentin, and cementum) and a soft tissue (dental pulp). With advancing age, these tissues become senescent; each tissue exhibits a unique senescent pattern. This review discusses the structural alterations of hard tissues, as well as the molecular and physiological changes in dental pulp cells and dental pulp stem cells during human aging. The significance of senescence in these cells remains unclear. Thus, there is a need to define the regulatory mechanisms of aging and senescence in these cells to aid in preservation of dental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hidefumi Maeda
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hattori-Sanuki T, Karakida T, Chiba-Ohkuma R, Miake Y, Yamamoto R, Yamakoshi Y, Hosoya N. Characterization of Living Dental Pulp Cells in Direct Contact with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102336. [PMID: 33096862 PMCID: PMC7589724 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was introduced as a material for dental endodontic regenerative therapy. Here, we show the dynamics of living dental pulp cells in direct contact with an MTA disk. A red fluorescence protein (DsRed) was introduced into immortalized porcine dental pulp cells (PPU7) and cloned. DsRed-PPU7 cells were cultured on the MTA disk and cell proliferation, chemotaxis, the effects of growth factors and the gene expression of cells were investigated at the biological, histomorphological and genetic cell levels. Mineralized precipitates formed in the DsRed-PPU7 cells were characterized with crystal structural analysis. DsRed-PPU7 cells proliferated in the central part of the MTA disk until Day 6 and displayed a tendency to move to the outer circumference. Both transforming growth factor beta and bone morphogenetic protein promoted the proliferation and movement of DsRed-PPU7 cells and also enhanced the expression levels of odontoblastic gene differentiation markers. Mineralized precipitates formed in DsRed-PPU7 were composed of calcium and phosphate but its crystals were different in each position. Our investigation showed that DsRed-PPU7 cells in direct contact with the MTA disk could differentiate into odontoblasts by controlling cell–cell and cell–substrate interactions depending on cell adhesion and the surrounding environment of the MTA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Hattori-Sanuki
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (T.H.-S.); (N.H.)
| | - Takeo Karakida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (T.K.); (R.C.-O.); (R.Y.)
| | - Risako Chiba-Ohkuma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (T.K.); (R.C.-O.); (R.Y.)
| | - Yasuo Miake
- Department of Anatomy, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan;
| | - Ryuji Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (T.K.); (R.C.-O.); (R.Y.)
| | - Yasuo Yamakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (T.K.); (R.C.-O.); (R.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-45-580-8479; Fax: +81-45-573-9599
| | - Noriyasu Hosoya
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (T.H.-S.); (N.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ghilotti J, Sanz JL, López-García S, Guerrero-Gironés J, Pecci-Lloret MP, Lozano A, Llena C, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Forner L, Spagnuolo G. Comparative Surface Morphology, Chemical Composition, and Cytocompatibility of Bio-C Repair, Biodentine, and ProRoot MTA on hDPCs. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E2189. [PMID: 32397585 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatibility is an essential property for any vital pulp material that may interact with the dental pulp tissues. Accordingly, this study aimed to compare the chemical composition and ultrastructural morphology of Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur-des-Fosses, France), ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Johnson City, TN, USA), and Bio-C Repair (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil), as well as their biological effects on human dental pulp cells. Chemical element characterization of the materials was undertaken using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX). The cytotoxicity was assessed by analyzing the cell viability (MTT assay), cell morphology (immunofluorescence assay), and cell attachment (flow cytometry assay). The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). EDX revealed that ProRoot MTA and Biodentine were mostly composed of calcium, carbon, and oxygen (among others), whereas Bio-C Repair evidenced a low concentration of calcium and the highest concentration of zirconium. SEM showed adequate attachment of human dental pulp cells (hDPCS) to vital pulp materials and cytoskeletal alterations were not observed in the presence of material eluates. Remarkably, the undiluted Biodentine group showed higher viability than the control group cells (without eluates) at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h (p < 0.001). Based on the evidence derived from an in vitro cellular study, it was concluded that Bio-C Repair showed excellent cytocompatibility that was similar to Biodentine and ProRoot MTA.
Collapse
|
25
|
Laudani S, La Cognata V, Iemmolo R, Bonaventura G, Villaggio G, Saccone S, Barcellona ML, Cavallaro S, Sinatra F. Effect of a Bone Marrow-Derived Extracellular Matrix on Cell Adhesion and Neural Induction of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:100. [PMID: 32211401 PMCID: PMC7068778 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) represents an essential component of the cellular niche. In this conditioned microenvironment, the proliferation rates and differentiation states of stem cells are regulated by several factors. In contrast, in in vitro experimental models, cell growth, or induction procedures toward specific cell lines usually occur in contact with plastic, glass, or biogel supports. In this study, we evaluated the effect of a decellularized ECM, derived from bone marrow stem cells, on the neuronal differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) extracted from dental pulp (Dental Pulp Stem Cells - DPSCs). Since DPSCs derive from neuroectodermal embryonic precursors, they are thought to have a greater propensity toward neuronal differentiation than MSCs isolated from other sources. We hypothesized that the presence of a decellularized ECM scaffold could act positively on neuronal-DPSC differentiation through reproduction of an in vivo-like microenvironment. Results from scanning electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and gene expression assays showed that ECM is able to positively influence the morphology of cells and their distribution and the expression of specific neuronal markers (i.e., NF-L, NF-M, NF-H, PAX6, MAP2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Laudani
- Section of Biology and Genetic, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Valentina La Cognata
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Italian National Research Council, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Iemmolo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Italian National Research Council, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bonaventura
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Italian National Research Council, Catania, Italy
| | - Giusy Villaggio
- Section of Biology and Genetic, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Saccone
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Barcellona
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Cavallaro
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Italian National Research Council, Catania, Italy
| | - Fulvia Sinatra
- Section of Biology and Genetic, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Duarte Campos DF, Zhang S, Kreimendahl F, Köpf M, Fischer H, Vogt M, Blaeser A, Apel C, Esteves-Oliveira M. Hand-held bioprinting for de novo vascular formation applicable to dental pulp regeneration. Connect Tissue Res 2020; 61:205-215. [PMID: 31284786 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1640217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Aim of the study: Deep carious lesions may cause irreversible pulpitis and the current endodontic treatment typically removes the whole dental pulp tissue, which finally reduces lifespan of the teeth. Nowadays, the most frequent treatment is based on removing the infected tissue and filling the root canal with inert synthetic materials. Tissue engineering approaches are important alternatives to the current treatment, because they can potentially maintain the biological function of the tooth instead of sacrificing it.Materials and Methods: In this study, we propose a tissue engineering approach based on a hand-held in situ bioprinting strategy. Our approach enabled bioprinting of cell-loaded collagen-based bioinks with suitable rheological, structural and biological properties, which allowed for vasculogenesis in the root canal.Results: The rheological properties of the bioprintable bioink were measured by oscillatory amplitude sweep testing and were corroborated by macroscopic evaluation after in vitro culture, in which printed bioinks maintained their original form without contraction. Moreover, we showed evidence for successful vasculogenesis in bioprintable bioinks with comparable quality and quantity to control fibrin and collagen non-bioprintable hydrogels.Conclusions: We conclude that hand-held bioprinting holds potential for in situ treatment of dental diseases with successful evidence for vascular tube formation, as an asset for maintenance of the biological function of the tooth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela F Duarte Campos
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles, AME - Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Franziska Kreimendahl
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles, AME - Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marius Köpf
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Horst Fischer
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Vogt
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Blaeser
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles, AME - Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Medical Textiles and Biofabrication, Institut fuer Textiltechnik, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Apel
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles, AME - Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marcella Esteves-Oliveira
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Omer A, Al-Sharabi N, Qiu Y, Xue Y, Li Y, Fujio M, Mustafa K, Xing Z. Biological responses of dental pulp cells to surfaces modified by collagen 1 and fibronectin. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:1369-1379. [PMID: 32107841 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Collagen 1 (COL1) and fibronectin (FN) are extracellular matrix proteins that contribute in cell activity and involve in regulating dental pulp cells (DPCs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of COL1 and FN on the behavior of DPCs. Here, DPCs were grown under three different conditions: COL1 coating, FN coating, and control group without coating. The proliferation and differentiation of DPCs were investigated. DPCs in osteogenic media were able to differentiate into osteoblastic phenotype. The morphological analysis revealed no obvious difference on the shape of cells. Cells had spread well on both coated and noncoated culture plates with slightly more spreading in the coated plates after 24 hr. The MTT analysis did not demonstrate a significant difference at 1 and 3 hr among the groups, but interestingly, the analysis disclosed more cells on the coated plates after longer cultures, which indicated a higher proliferative capacity in response to COL1 and FN. RT-PCR, Western Blotting and mineralization assays did not reveal significant differences between the coated and noncoated surfaces in relation to osteogenic differential potential. Our data suggested that the surface coating of COL1 and FN were able to promote cellular proliferation and the osteogenic differentiation tendency of DPCs was also observed in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abedelfattah Omer
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Niyaz Al-Sharabi
- Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yingfei Qiu
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xue
- Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yi Li
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Masahito Fujio
- Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Zhe Xing
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gao Y, You X, Liu Y, Gao F, Zhang Y, Yang J, Yang C. Induction of autophagy protects human dental pulp cells from lipopolysaccharide-induced pyroptotic cell death. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2202-2210. [PMID: 32104285 PMCID: PMC7027320 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor protein 3/caspase-1 inflammasome can be activated in human dental pulp tissue and fibroblasts; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to treat dental pulp cells to establish an inflammation model. Cell viability was examined by sulforhodamine B assay. Interleukin (IL)-1β, caspase-1, microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain 3-II/I and p62 were determined by western blotting and ELISA. The phosphorylation (p-) levels of NF-κB and NF-κB inhibitor (IκB)α protein were observed by western blotting. The results demonstrated that LPS induced pyroptotic cell death in cultured dental pulp cells, which was supported by the increased levels of IL-1β, IL-18 and caspase-1. Rapamycin and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) were used to activate and inhibit autophagy, and it was observed that LPS increased autophagy and rapamycin reduced LPS-induced dental pulp cell pyroptosis. However, 3-MA aggravated LPS-induced dental pulp cell pyroptosis. In addition, LPS inhibited the expression of IκBα, but increased the expression of p-NF-κB. Compared with the LPS group, 3-MA further inhibited the expression of IκBα but promoted the expression of p-NF-κB. However, rapamycin produced the opposite results to LPS. Under LPS treatment, the NF-κB pathway inhibitor BAY11-7082 further enhanced the inhibitory effects of rapamycin, but inhibited the promoting effects of 3-MA on the protein expression levels of IL-1β and caspase-1. The results of the present study demonstrated that there is an important crosstalk between autophagy, pyroptosis and the NF-κB pathway, and that the modulation of pyroptosis in dental pulp cells may be a promising strategy to pulpitis therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.,Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Xinran You
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215002, P.R. China
| | - Yubo Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215002, P.R. China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215002, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangsu Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jianrong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215002, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ok CY, Park S, Jang HO, Takata T, Bae MK, Kim YD, Ryu MH, Bae SK. Visfatin Induces Senescence of Human Dental Pulp Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010193. [PMID: 31940881 PMCID: PMC7017355 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp plays an important role in the health of teeth. The aging of teeth is strongly related to the senescence of dental pulp cells. A novel adipokine, visfatin, is closely associated with cellular senescence. However, little is known about the effect of visfatin on the senescence of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). Here, it was found that in vivo visfatin levels in human dental pulp tissues increase with age and are upregulated in vitro in hDPCs during premature senescence activated by H2O2, suggesting a correlation between visfatin and senescence. In addition, visfatin knockdown by small interfering RNA led to the reduction in hDPC senescence; however, treatment with exogenous visfatin protein induced the senescence of hDPCs along with increased NADPH consumption, which was reversed by FK866, a chemical inhibitor of visfatin. Furthermore, visfatin-induced senescence was associated with both the induction of telomere damage and the upregulation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors as well as NF-κB activation, which were all inhibited by FK866. Taken together, these results demonstrate, for the first time, that visfatin plays a pivotal role in hDPC senescence in association with telomere dysfunction and the induction of SASP factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Youp Ok
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.Y.O.); (S.P.); (H.-O.J.)
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (M.-K.B.); (Y.-D.K.)
| | - Sera Park
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.Y.O.); (S.P.); (H.-O.J.)
| | - Hye-Ock Jang
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.Y.O.); (S.P.); (H.-O.J.)
| | | | - Moon-Kyoung Bae
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (M.-K.B.); (Y.-D.K.)
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Yong-Deok Kim
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (M.-K.B.); (Y.-D.K.)
- Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Mi Heon Ryu
- Department of Oral Pathology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Soo-Kyung Bae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (C.Y.O.); (S.P.); (H.-O.J.)
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (M.-K.B.); (Y.-D.K.)
- Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-8253
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dou L, Yan Q, Yang D. Effect of five dental pulp capping agents on cell proliferation, viability, apoptosis and mineralization of human dental pulp cells. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2377-2383. [PMID: 32104306 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2], mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), iRoot BP, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and concentrated growth factors (CGF) on the proliferation, viability, apoptosis and mineralization of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). HDPCs were treated with Ca(OH)2, MTA, iRoot BP, PRF and CGF exudates. Cell viability, apoptosis, proliferation, cell cycle and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were evaluated in vitro. PRF significantly increased the cell proliferation as compared with that in the MTA and iRoot BP groups on day 3. The CGF group displayed higher proliferation rates as compared with that in the MTA group on days 3 and 7. The MTA group displayed the highest ALP activity on days 1 and 3, and the CGF group on day 7. Ca(OH)2 inhibited cell proliferation and the percentages of dead and apoptotic cells were relatively higher in the Ca(OH)2 group on days 1, 3 and 7 compared with those in the other groups. In conclusion, PRF and CGF may be potential pulp-capping materials for vital pulp therapy. Future in vivo studies are required to confirm this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dou
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China
| | - Qifang Yan
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Deqin Yang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Feng Z, Zhan M, Meng R, Wang X, Xu Q. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine enhances lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory cytokine expression in human dental pulp cells by regulating TRAF6 methylation. Bioengineered 2019; 10:197-206. [PMID: 31117883 PMCID: PMC6550546 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2019.1621135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp inflammation is a common bacterially driven inflammation characterized by the local accumulation of inflammatory mediators in human dental pulp. DNA methylation is a crucial epigenetic modification that that plays a fundamental role in gene transcription, and its role in inflammation-related diseases has recently attracted attention. However, its role in dental pulp inflammation is poorly understood. This study is aimed to elucidate the role of DNA methylation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory reaction in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). hDPCs were pretreated with DNA methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2ʹ-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) and a cytokine antibody array was used to detect LPS-induced cytokine expression. The results indicated that 5-Aza-CdR significantly increased the expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated cells, including IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF, MCP-2 and RANTES. The increased expression levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were further verified by qRT-PCR and ELISA. Furthermore, pretreatment with 5-Aza-CdR resulted in upregulation of p-IKKα/β, p-IκBα, p-p65 and p-ERK in the NK-κB and MAPK pathways. In addition, the 5mC level of the TRAF6 promoter was significantly decreased following 5-Aza-CdR pretreatment in the LPS-stimulated hDPCs. The findings indicate that 5-Aza-CdR significantly enhances the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and activates the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways by eliciting a decline in the 5mc level in the TRAF6 promoter in hDPCs, suggesting that DNA methylation may play an important role in dental pulp inflammation. This study highlights the important role of DNA methylation in the immunity defense of dental pulp infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Feng
- a Guanghua School of Stomatology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Minkang Zhan
- a Guanghua School of Stomatology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Runsha Meng
- a Guanghua School of Stomatology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xinxuan Wang
- a Guanghua School of Stomatology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Qiong Xu
- a Guanghua School of Stomatology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
López-García S, Pecci-Lloret MP, Pecci-Lloret MR, Oñate-Sánchez RE, García-Bernal D, Castelo-Baz P, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Guerrero-Gironés J. In Vitro Evaluation of the Biological Effects of ACTIVA Kids BioACTIVE Restorative, Ionolux, and Riva Light Cure on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12223694. [PMID: 31717445 PMCID: PMC6888068 DOI: 10.3390/ma12223694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the biological effects of three new bioactive materials on cell survival, migration, morphology, and attachment in vitro. ACTIVA Kids BioACTIVE Restorative (Pulpdent, Watertown, MA, USA) (Activa), Ionolux (Voco, Cuxhaven, Germany), and Riva Light Cure UV (SDI, Bayswater, Australia) (Riva) were handled and conditioned with a serum-free culture medium. Stem cells from human dental pulp (hDPSCs) were exposed to material extracts, and metabolic activity, cell migration, and cell morphology were evaluated. Cell adhesion to the different materials was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical composition of the materials was evaluated by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). One-way analysis of variance followed by a Tukey test was performed (p < 0.05). Ionolux promoted a drastic reduction in metabolic activity and wound closure compared to the control (p < 0.05), whereas Activa induced adequate metabolic activity and cell migration. Moreover, SEM and immunofluorescence analysis showed abundant cells exposed to Activa. The materials showed different surface morphologies, and EDX spectra exhibited different peaks of C, O, Si, S, Ca, and F ions in glass ionomer cements. The results showed that Activa induced cell migration, cell attachment, and cell viability to a greater extent than Riva and Ionolux.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio López-García
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant, Internal Medicine Department, IMIB-Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Avenida Buenavista s/n, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.L.-G.)
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María P. Pecci-Lloret
- Departament of Special Care and Gerodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30007 Murcia, Spain; (M.P.P.-L.); (M.R.P.-L.); (R.E.O.-S.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Miguel R. Pecci-Lloret
- Departament of Special Care and Gerodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30007 Murcia, Spain; (M.P.P.-L.); (M.R.P.-L.); (R.E.O.-S.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Ricardo E. Oñate-Sánchez
- Departament of Special Care and Gerodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30007 Murcia, Spain; (M.P.P.-L.); (M.R.P.-L.); (R.E.O.-S.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - David García-Bernal
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant, Internal Medicine Department, IMIB-Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Avenida Buenavista s/n, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.L.-G.)
| | - Pablo Castelo-Baz
- Endodontics Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant, Internal Medicine Department, IMIB-Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Avenida Buenavista s/n, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (S.L.-G.)
- Departament of Special Care and Gerodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30007 Murcia, Spain; (M.P.P.-L.); (M.R.P.-L.); (R.E.O.-S.); (J.G.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +0034-868889518
| | - Julia Guerrero-Gironés
- Departament of Special Care and Gerodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30007 Murcia, Spain; (M.P.P.-L.); (M.R.P.-L.); (R.E.O.-S.); (J.G.-G.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhao Y, Zheng Y, Eichhorn W, Klatt J, Henningsen A, Kluwe L, Friedrich RE, Gosau M, Smeets R. Enriching Stem/Progenitor Cells from Dental Pulp Cells by Low-density Culturing. In Vivo 2019; 33:23-29. [PMID: 30587598 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Clonogenicity is a key feature of stem/progenitor cells. The present study aimed to enrich stem/progenitor cells from dental pulp cells by means of culturing the cells at a low clonal density with spatial separation and the evaluate differentiation potential of the surviving cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pulp cells derived from wisdom teeth were seeded into wells of a 96-plate at a mean density of 1 cell/well and cultured for 2 weeks. Surviving cells were harvested, pooled together and subjected to differentiation into adipocytes, osteoblasts and neurons using respective inducing conditions for 3 weeks. The former two types of cells were examined by staining with Oil Red O and Alizarin Red, respectively. Neuron-like cells were inspected for their morphology and immunostained for microtubule-associated protein 2 and β-tubulin III. RESULTS Vital cells were obtained in eight wells of a 96-well plate, corresponding to a survival rate of 8%. Since fewer than two wells would be expected to contain more than four cells at seeding, the majority of surviving cells likely grew from 1-3 cells, which is a very low density. These cells differentiated into functional adipocytes and osteoblasts, and morphologically neuron-like cells. CONCLUSION Low-density seeding with spatial separation enables statistical estimation of cell number in wells and provides an effective strategy for enriching stem/progenitor cells and for isolating clonal dental pulp cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yajie Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Eichhorn
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Klatt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anders Henningsen
- Division of Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lan Kluwe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard E Friedrich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Gosau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Division of Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Rodrigues EM, Cornélio ALG, Godoi PH, da Costa PI, Rossa-Junior C, Faria G, Guerreiro Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M. Heparin is biocompatible and can induce differentiation of human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2019; 52:829-837. [PMID: 30565254 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the biocompatibility, osteogenic bioactivity and mRNA expression of the osteo/odontogenic markers bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), osteocalcin (OC) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), induced by heparin in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). METHODOLOGY hDPCs were exposed to the heparin, and cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), and cell death was evaluated by flow cytometry. Osteogenic bioactivity was evaluated by the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, and the detection of calcium deposits by alizarin red staining (ARS). The gene expression of BMP-2, OC and ALP was quantified with real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA and Bonferroni or Tukey post-test and t-test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Heparin had no cytotoxic effect and did not induce apoptosis. After 3 days, heparin had significantly higher ALP activity in comparison with the control (P < 0.05). Heparin had a significant (P < 0.05) stimulatory effect on the formation of mineralized nodules. BMP-2 and OC mRNA expressions were significantly higher in cells exposed to heparin than control group after 1 day (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Heparin was biocompatible in hDPCs, induced osteogenic bioactivity and enhanced mRNA expression of osteo/odontogenic markers BMP-2 and OC. These results suggest that heparin has potential to induce osteo/odontogenic cell differentiation of hDPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E M Rodrigues
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A L G Cornélio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P H Godoi
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P I da Costa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Applied to Pharmacy of São, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Rossa-Junior
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Dental School of São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Faria
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J M Guerreiro Tanomaru
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chuang SF, Chen YH, Ma P, Ritchie HH. Phosphophoryn and Dentin Sialoprotein Effects on Dental Pulp Cell Migration, Proliferation, and Differentiation. Dent J (Basel) 2018; 6:dj6040070. [PMID: 30544680 PMCID: PMC6313708 DOI: 10.3390/dj6040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphophoryn (PP) and dentin sialoprotein (DSP) are two of the most abundant dentin matrix non-collagenous proteins, and are derived from dentin sialoprotein-phosphophoryn (DSP-PP) mRNA. Mutations in the DSP-PP gene are linked to dentinogenesis imperfecta II and III. Previously, we reported transient DSP-PP expression in preameloblast cells first, followed by co-expression in preameloblasts and young odontoblasts, and finally sustained expression in odontoblasts. This phenomenon raised the possibility that DSP/PP proteins secreted by preameloblasts might promote dental pulp cell migration toward the dental pulp border and promote dental pulp cell differentiation. To examine the effects of DSP/PP proteins on dental pulp cell development, we investigated:(1) native PP effects on dental pulpcell migration and matrix protein expression; and (2) recombinant DSP/PP protein effects on cell proliferation and differentiation. We found that PP promoted cell migration and the expression of high levels of Col type I and PP in dental pulp cells. The addition of recombinant DSP/PP proteins affected cell proliferation and differentiation in a dental pulp cell line. These findings strongly suggest that DSP/PP may modulate cell migration, cell proliferation and differentiation, thus leading to dentin formation. DSP/PP protein may be useful clinically for pulp tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Feng Chuang
- Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 709, Taiwan.
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 709, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chen
- Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 709, Taiwan.
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 709, Taiwan.
| | - Peter Ma
- Department of Biomaterial Science, School of Dentitry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Helena H Ritchie
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang D, Zhu NX, Qin M, Wang YY. Betamethasone suppresses the inflammatory response in LPS-stimulated dental pulp cells through inhibition of NF-κB. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 98:156-163. [PMID: 30500665 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of betamethasone on LPS-stimulated human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and its associated mechanism. The osteo-/odontogenic differentiation and osteoclast effect of betamethasone on DPSCs and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) were evaluated. DESIGN The proliferative effect of betamethasone on DPSCs was analyzed using a cholecystokinin octapeptide assay. The anti-inflammatory effect of betamethasone was investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and ELISA. The anti-inflammatory mechanism was explored using qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence staining. The osteo-/odontogenic differentiation and osteoclast effect of betamethasone on DPSCs and SHED were detected by qPCR. RESULTS 1 μg L-1 betamethasone was found to have the strongest effect on DPSCs proliferation. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators, as well as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were significantly decreased following treatment with betamethasone in LPS- stimulated DPSCs. They were also decreased in response to an NF-κB inhibitor, Bay 11-7082. Betamethasone and Bay 11-7082 significantly inhibited the expression of p-p65 and promoted the nuclear exclusion of p65. Gene expression associated with osteo-/odontogenic differentiation was significantly up-regulated in betamethasone and osteogenic media (OM) treated groups. The ratio of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) at the mRNA level was suppressed in DPSCs and elevated in SHED. CONCLUSIONS Betamethasone has an anti-inflammatory effect on LPS- stimulated DPSCs through a blockade of NF-κB activation and exhibits an osteo-/odonto-inductive effect on DPSCs and SHED. Although betamethasone displays an osteoclast effect on SHED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning-Xin Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Man Qin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sun N, Jiang T, Wu C, Sun H, Zhou Q, Lu L. Expression and influence of BMP-4 in human dental pulp cells cultured in vitro. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:5112-5116. [PMID: 30542466 PMCID: PMC6257597 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4 on proliferation and differentiation capacities of dental pulp cells through BMP-4 acting on human dental pulp cells cultured in vitro were investigated. Dental pulp tissues of lesion-free teeth extracted from patients due to orthodontics were taken, and human dental pulp cells were cultured in vitro using the tissue explant method. Immunocytochemical staining was used for the identification of vimentin and keratin. The dental pulp cells were divided into groups A and B. A total of 100 ng/ml BMP-4 was added into group A, while no inducer was added into group B as the control group. The cell growth curves at day 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 after culture were drawn. At day 7, the cell count, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, number of calcified nodules, and expression levels of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) and each gene related to dentinogenesis in each group were detected, respectively. Human dental pulp cells were conformed to the biological characteristics of dental pulp cells according to the identification of vimentin and keratin via immunocytochemical staining. With the prolongation of culture time, the number of cells in both groups was gradually increased, reaching the peak at day 5 and began to decline at day 7. The number of cells in group A was significantly greater than that in group B (p<0.05). According to the results of reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), the relative messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels of ALP, DSPP and DMP-1 in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (p<0.05). BMP-4 can promote the growth of dental pulp cells and remarkably enhance the differentiation of dental pulp cells into odontoblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Tianjiao Jiang
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Haijiang Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ni SL, Zhang J, Liu X, Li XW, Sun YJ, Zhang X, Wang L, Lu JJ, Cui Y, Zheng CY, Han B, Sun HC. Effects of human bone morphogenetic protein 2 ( hBMP2) on tertiary dentin formation. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:2868-2876. [PMID: 30323873 PMCID: PMC6176225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Formation of tertiary dentin to maintain pulp vitality is a major odontoblastic response to dental pulp injury. Human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (hBMP2) can promote proliferation and differentiation of odontoblasts. Current study is interested in evaluating if the hBMP2 can promote the regeneration of tertiary dentin and cure dental pulp injury using the adenoviral vector to deliver hBMP2 cDNA into the pulp. Primary culture of dental pulp cells of exfoliated deciduous teeth (hDPCs) was established. Human serotype 5 adenoviral vector, AdCMV-hBMP2, was created. AdCMV-hBMP2 was used to transduce hDPCs in vitro and dental pulp cells in animal model in vivo. Data clearly demonstrated that hBMP2 increased ALP and mineralization. Reverse transcription-real time quantitative PCR (RT-QPCR) data showed that hBMP2 dramatically increased gene expressions of Runx2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2), ALP, Col Iα (Collagen 1a1), SP7 (Osterix), DMP1 (dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1), DSPP (dentin sialophosphoprotein), and BSP (bonesialoprotein), which are normally involved in osteogenesis/odontogenesis. Data from in vivo assays demonstrated that hBMP2 promoted pulp cell proliferation and increased formation of tertiary dentin in dental pulp. Our in vitro and in vivo data suggest that hBMP2 gene can efficiently be delivered into the dental pulp cells by adenovirus, and show potential clinical application for the treatment of dental pulp damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lei Ni
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdao 266011, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xia Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Wei Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Jian Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Jin Lu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Yan Cui
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Yu Zheng
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of HealthMD 20892, USA
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Chen Sun
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for Stomatology NanoengineeringChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fujii S, Fujimoto K, Goto N, Abiko Y, Imaoka A, Shao J, Kitayama K, Kanawa M, Sosiawan A, Suardita K, Nishimura F, Kato Y. Characterization of human dental pulp cells grown in chemically defined serum-free medium. Biomed Rep 2018; 8:350-358. [PMID: 29556382 PMCID: PMC5844140 DOI: 10.3892/br.2018.1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp cells (DPCs) are promising candidates for use as transplantable cells in regenerative medicine. However, ex vivo expansion of these cells typically requires culture media containing fetal bovine serum, which may cause infection and immunological reaction following transplantation. In addition, the proliferation and differentiation of DPCs markedly depend upon serum batches. Therefore, the present study examined whether DPCs could be expanded under serum-free conditions. DPCs obtained from four donors were identified to proliferate actively in the serum-free medium, STK2, when compared with those cells in control medium (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 10% serum). The high proliferative potential with STK2 was maintained through multiple successive culture passages. DNA microarray analyses demonstrated that the gene expression profile of DPCs grown in STK2 was similar to that of cells grown in the control medium; however, a number of genes related to cell proliferation, including placental growth factor and inhibin-βE, were upregulated in the STK2 cultures. Following induction of osteogenesis, DPCs grown in STK2 induced alkaline phosphatase activity and calcification at higher levels compared with the control medium cultures, indicating maintenance of differentiation potential in STK2. This serum-free culture system with DPCs may have applications in further experimental studies and as a clinical strategy in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakiko Fujii
- Department of Dental Science for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Katsumi Fujimoto
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Noriko Goto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Abiko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Asayo Imaoka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | | | - Kazuko Kitayama
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Masami Kanawa
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Agung Sosiawan
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java 60132, Indonesia
| | - Ketut Suardita
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java 60132, Indonesia
| | - Fusanori Nishimura
- Department of Dental Science for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yukio Kato
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.,Two Cells Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 734-0816, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chen L, Jiang Y, Du Z. Molecular differences between mature and immature dental pulp cells: Bioinformatics and preliminary results. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:3362-8. [PMID: 29545856 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies have demonstrated that dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) from mature and immature teeth exhibit potential for multi-directional differentiation, the molecular and biological difference between the DPSCs from mature and immature permanent teeth has not been fully investigated. In the present study, 500 differentially expressed genes from dental pulp cells (DPCs) in mature and immature permanent teeth were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus online database. Based on bioinformatics analysis using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery, these genes were divided into a number of subgroups associated with immunity, inflammation and cell signaling. The results of the present study suggest that immune features, response to infection and cell signaling may be different in DPCs from mature and immature permanent teeth; furthermore, DPCs from immature permanent teeth may be more suitable for use in tissue engineering or stem cell therapy. The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database stated that Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), a differentially expressed gene in DPCs from mature and immature permanent teeth, serves a crucial role in the development of craniofacial tissues, including teeth, which further confirmed that SHH may cause DPCs from mature and immature permanent teeth to exhibit different biological characteristics. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database revealed that SHH has functional protein associations with a number of other proteins, including Glioma-associated oncogene (GLI)1, GLI2, growth arrest-specific protein 1, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2 and BMP4, in mice and humans. It was also demonstrated that SHH may interact with other genes to regulate the biological characteristics of DPCs. The results of the present study may provide a useful reference basis for selecting suitable DPSCs and molecules for the treatment of these cells to optimize features for tissue engineering or stem cell therapy. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction should be performed to confirm the differential expression of these genes prior to the beginning of a functional study.
Collapse
|
41
|
Datko Williams L, Farley A, Cupelli M, Alapati S, Kennedy MS, Dean D. Effects of substrate stiffness on dental pulp stromal cells in culture. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1789-1797. [PMID: 29468814 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dental pulp stromal cells (DPSCs) can be differentiated down lineages known to either express bone or dentin specific protein markers. Since the differentiation of cells can be heavily influenced by their environment, it may be possible to influence the osteogenic/odontogenic potential of DPSCs by modulating the mechanical properties of substrate on which they are grown. In this study, human DPSCs were grown with and without hydroxyapatite (HA) microparticles on a range of substrates including fibronectin-coated hydrogels and glass substrates, which represented an elastic moduli range of approximately 3 kPa-50 GPa, over a 21-day period. Alkaline phosphatase activity, osteopontin production, and mineralization were monitored. The presence of HA microparticles increased the relative degree of mineralized matrix produced by the cells relative to those in the same substrate and media condition without the HA microparticles. In addition, cultures with cells grown on stiffer substrates had higher ALP activity and higher degree of mineralization than those grown on softer substrates. This study shows that DPSCs are affected by the mechanical properties of their underlying growth substrate and by the presence of HA microparticles. In addition, relatively stiff substrates (>75 kPa) may be required for significant mineralization of these cultures. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1789-1797, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Farley
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634
| | - Matthew Cupelli
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634
| | - Satish Alapati
- Department of Endodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612
| | - Marian S Kennedy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634
| | - Delphine Dean
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xian X, Gong Q, Li C, Guo B, Jiang H. Exosomes with Highly Angiogenic Potential for Possible Use in Pulp Regeneration. J Endod 2018; 44:751-758. [PMID: 29426641 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiogenesis is critical for pulp regeneration. Exosomes, a key component of paracrine secretion, have emerged as important players in the modulation of angiogenesis. The role of dental pulp cell-derived exosomes (DPC-Exos) in angiogenesis has rarely been reported. The proangiogenic properties of DPC-Exos in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are investigated in the current study. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from dental pulp cell (DPC) culture supernatants by ultracentrifugation and were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Their roles in HUVEC proliferation, proangiogenic factor expression, and tube formation were examined in vitro. RESULTS We isolated and characterized exosomes from DPCs and showed that DPC-Exos promoted HUVEC proliferation, proangiogenic factor expression, and tube formation. Furthermore, we found that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling inhibition enhances DPC-Exos-induced tube formation. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results suggest that DPC-Exos have vital roles in angiogenesis, and p38 MAPK signaling inhibition enhances tubular morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuehong Xian
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qimei Gong
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zeng D, Zhang X, Wang X, Cao L, Zheng A, Du J, Li Y, Huang Q, Jiang X. Fabrication of large-pore mesoporous Ca-Si-based bioceramics for bone regeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:8277-8287. [PMID: 29180865 PMCID: PMC5695511 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s144528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study revealed that mesoporous Ca-Si-based materials exhibited excellent osteoconduction because dissolved ions could form a layer of hydroxycarbonate apatite on the surface of the materials. However, the biological mechanisms underlying bone regeneration were largely unknown. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic ability of large-pore mesoporous Ca-Si-based bioceramics (LPMSCs) by alkaline phosphatase assay, real-time PCR analysis, von Kossa, and alizarin red assay. Compared with large-pore mesoporous silica (LPMS), LPMSCs had a better effect on the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells. LPMSC-2 and LPMSC-3 with higher calcium possessed better osteogenic abilities than LPMSC-1, which may be related to the calcium-sensing receptor pathway. Furthermore, the loading capacity for recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB was satisfactory in LPMSCs. In vivo, the areas of new bone formation in the calvarial defect repair were increased in the LPMSC-2 and LPMSC-3 groups compared with the LPMSC-1 and LPMS groups. We concluded that LPMSC-2 and LPMSC-3 possessed both excellent osteogenic abilities and satisfactory loading capacities, which may be attributed to their moderate Ca/Si molar ratio. Therefore, LPMSCs with moderate Ca/Si molar ratio might be potential alterative grafts for craniomaxillofacial bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Zeng
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingdi Zhang
- Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingyan Cao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ao Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Du
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingfeng Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Oral Bioengineering Laboratory, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lu Y, Lin T, Liu Y, Bao L, Wu Y. [Effect of bone morphogenetic protein 2 and dexamethason on proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp cells in vitro]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 31:738-744. [PMID: 29798658 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201701072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and dexamethason (DXM) on proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp cells in vitro. Methods Primary human dental pulp cells were cultured in vitro by tissue culture method. The 3rd generation cells were used to identify cell phenotype for vimentin and cytokeratin by immunocytochemistry staining. The 3-5 generations of human dental pulp cells were randomly divided into 4 groups: 100 ng/mL BMP-2 (group A), 1×10 -8 mol/L DXM (group B), and both 100 ng/mL BMP-2 and 1×10 -8 mol/L DXM (group C) were added; neither BMP-2 nor DXM was added in group D as control group. The cell growth curve was drawn at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after culture. The expressions of osteo/dentanogenic genes including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dentin sialophoshoprotein (DSPP), and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1) were detected by RT-PCR analysis at 5 and 7 days after culture, the ratio between the positive staining area and the total area by ALP staining at 14 days, and absorbance ( A) value at 562 nm by alizarin red staining at 21 days after culture. Results Human dental pulp cells were successfully isolated and cultured, which were long fusiform and showed a positive reaction for vimentin and a negative reaction for cytokeratin. The growth curve indicated that cells increased with the extending of incubation time, reached a peak at 5 days, then reduced at 7 days to the level at 3 days. At 5 days after culture, the cells were significantly more in groups A, B, and C than group D ( P<0.05), in group C than group A ( P<0.05), and in group A than group B ( P<0.05). RT-PCR analysis showed that the mRNA expressions of ALP, DSPP, and DMP-1 at 5 days were significantly higher in groups A, B, and C than group D ( P<0.05), and in group C than groups A and B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups A and B ( P>0.05); the mRNA expression of DSPP in groups A, B, and C was significantly higher than that in group D ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in mRNA expressions between other groups at 7 days ( P>0.05). At 14 days, positive staining in varying degrees was observed in each group, especially in group C; the ratio between the positive staining area and the total area was significantly higher in group C than groups A, B, and D ( P<0.05), and in groups A and B than group D ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between groups A and B ( P>0.05). At 21 days, there were a variety of mineralized nodules in groups A, B, and C in nonuniformly scattered or clustered distribution, but no mineralized nodules were observed in group D. The A values of mineralized nodules showed significant difference between groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion BMP-2 may be more effective in promoting proliferation of human dental pulp cells than DXM. Combined application of BMP-2 and DXM can remarkably promote the proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Lu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning Guangxi, 530021, P.R.China
| | - Tian Lin
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning Guangxi, 530021, P.R.China
| | - Yuying Liu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning Guangxi, 530021, P.R.China
| | - Lirong Bao
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning Guangxi, 530021, P.R.China
| | - Yu Wu
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning Guangxi, 530021,
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chang YC, Chang MC, Chen YJ, Liou JU, Chang HH, Huang WL, Liao WC, Chan CP, Jeng PY, Jeng JH. Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Regulates Gene and Protein Expression Related to Proliferation, Differentiation, and Matrix Production of Human Dental Pulp Cells. J Endod 2017; 43:936-942. [PMID: 28416318 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) plays differential effects on the proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix turnover in various tissues. However, limited information is known about the effect of bFGF on dental pulp cells. The purposes of this study were to investigate whether bFGF influences the cell differentiation and extracellular matrix turnover of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) and the related gene and protein expression as well as the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. The expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) in HDPCs was also studied. METHODS The expression of FGFR1 and FGFR2 in HDPCs was investigated by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. HDPCs were treated with different concentrations of bFGF. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Cell differentiation was evaluated using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. Changes in messenger expression of cyclin B1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1 were determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Changes in protein expression of cdc2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and collagen I were determined by Western blotting. U0126 was used to clarify the role of MEK/ERK signaling. RESULTS HDPCs expressed both FGFR1 and FGFR2. Cell viability was stimulated by 50-250 ng/mL bFGF. The expression and enzyme activities of ALP were inhibited by 10-500 ng/mL bFGF. At similar concentrations, bFGF stimulates cdc2, cyclin B1, and TIMP-1 messenger RNA and protein expression. bFGF showed little effect on TIMP-2 and partly inhibited collagen I expression of pulp cells. U0126 (a MEK/ERK inhibitor) attenuated the bFGF-induced increase of cyclin B1, cdc2, and TIMP-1. CONCLUSIONS bFGF may be involved in pulpal repair and regeneration by activation of FGFRs to regulate cell growth; stimulate cdc2, cyclin B1, and TIMP-1 expression; and inhibit ALP. These events are partly associated with MEK/ERK signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ching Chang
- Department of Dentistry, Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chi Chang
- Biomedical Science Team, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Jane Chen
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Uei Liou
- Department of Dentistry, Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hua Chang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ling Huang
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chuen Liao
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Po Chan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Jeng
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Collignon AM, Amri N, Lesieur J, Sadoine J, Ribes S, Menashi S, Simon S, Berdal A, Rochefort GY, Chaussain C, Gaucher C. Sclerostin Deficiency Promotes Reparative Dentinogenesis. J Dent Res 2017; 96:815-821. [PMID: 28571484 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517698104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the SOST gene encodes sclerostin, an inhibitor of bone growth and remodeling, which also negatively regulates the bone repair process. Sclerostin has also been implicated in tooth formation, but its potential role in pulp healing remains unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the role of sclerostin in reparative dentinogenesis using Sost knockout mice ( Sost-/-). The pulps of the first maxillary molars were mechanically exposed in 3-mo-old Sost-/- and wild-type (WT) mice ( n = 14 mice per group), capped with mineral trioxide aggregate cement, and the cavities were filled with a bonded composite resin. Reparative dentinogenesis was dynamically followed up by micro-computed tomography and characterized by histological analyses. Presurgical analysis revealed a significantly lower pulp volume in Sost-/- mice compared with WT. At 30 and 49 d postsurgery, a large-forming reparative mineralized bridge, associated with osteopontin-positive mineralization foci, was observed in the Sost-/- pulps, whereas a much smaller bridge was detected in WT. At the longer time points, the bridge, which was associated with dentin sialoprotein-positive cells, had expanded in both groups but remained significantly larger in Sost-/- pulps. Sclerostin expression in the healing WT pulps was detected in the cells neighboring the forming dentin bridge. In vitro, mineralization induced by Sost-/- dental pulp cells (DPCs) was also dramatically enhanced when compared with WT DPCs. These observations were associated with an increased Sost expression in WT cells. Taken together, our data show that sclerostin deficiency hastened reparative dentinogenesis after pulp injury, suggesting that the inhibition of sclerostin may constitute a promising therapeutic strategy for improving the healing of damaged pulps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A-M Collignon
- 1 EA 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imagery and Biotherapies, Dental School and Life imaging Platform (PIV), University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Montrouge, France.,2 AP-HP, Departments of Odontology, University Hospitals Louis Mourier and Bretonneau "National rare disease center metabolism phosphorus and calcium" (HUPNVS), Rothschild "National rare diseases center MAFACE" (HUEP), Pitié Salpêtrière (HUPSCF) and Albert Chennevier (HUHM), Paris, France
| | - N Amri
- 1 EA 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imagery and Biotherapies, Dental School and Life imaging Platform (PIV), University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Montrouge, France.,3 INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology Team, Paris Diderot and Paris Descartes University USPC, Paris, France
| | - J Lesieur
- 1 EA 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imagery and Biotherapies, Dental School and Life imaging Platform (PIV), University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - J Sadoine
- 1 EA 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imagery and Biotherapies, Dental School and Life imaging Platform (PIV), University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - S Ribes
- 1 EA 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imagery and Biotherapies, Dental School and Life imaging Platform (PIV), University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - S Menashi
- 1 EA 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imagery and Biotherapies, Dental School and Life imaging Platform (PIV), University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - S Simon
- 2 AP-HP, Departments of Odontology, University Hospitals Louis Mourier and Bretonneau "National rare disease center metabolism phosphorus and calcium" (HUPNVS), Rothschild "National rare diseases center MAFACE" (HUEP), Pitié Salpêtrière (HUPSCF) and Albert Chennevier (HUHM), Paris, France.,3 INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology Team, Paris Diderot and Paris Descartes University USPC, Paris, France
| | - A Berdal
- 2 AP-HP, Departments of Odontology, University Hospitals Louis Mourier and Bretonneau "National rare disease center metabolism phosphorus and calcium" (HUPNVS), Rothschild "National rare diseases center MAFACE" (HUEP), Pitié Salpêtrière (HUPSCF) and Albert Chennevier (HUHM), Paris, France.,3 INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology Team, Paris Diderot and Paris Descartes University USPC, Paris, France
| | - G Y Rochefort
- 1 EA 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imagery and Biotherapies, Dental School and Life imaging Platform (PIV), University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - C Chaussain
- 1 EA 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imagery and Biotherapies, Dental School and Life imaging Platform (PIV), University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Montrouge, France.,2 AP-HP, Departments of Odontology, University Hospitals Louis Mourier and Bretonneau "National rare disease center metabolism phosphorus and calcium" (HUPNVS), Rothschild "National rare diseases center MAFACE" (HUEP), Pitié Salpêtrière (HUPSCF) and Albert Chennevier (HUHM), Paris, France
| | - C Gaucher
- 1 EA 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imagery and Biotherapies, Dental School and Life imaging Platform (PIV), University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Montrouge, France.,2 AP-HP, Departments of Odontology, University Hospitals Louis Mourier and Bretonneau "National rare disease center metabolism phosphorus and calcium" (HUPNVS), Rothschild "National rare diseases center MAFACE" (HUEP), Pitié Salpêtrière (HUPSCF) and Albert Chennevier (HUHM), Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family play essential and important roles in primary and reparative dentinogenesis, with conflicting results regarding their effects on odontoblast differentiation. Our recent studies showed that the effects of FGF2 on cells in odontoblast lineage were stage-specific and depended on the stage of cell maturity. Continuous exposure of pulp cells to FGF2 inhibited odontoblast differentiation, whereas early and limited exposure of pulp cells to FGF2 resulted in marked increases in odontoblast differentiation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating the inhibitory effects of FGF2 on odontoblast differentiation. To do so, we examined the effects of the addition of FGF2 during the differentiation/mineralization phase of the in vitro growth of pulp cultures derived from a series of green fluorescent protein reporter transgenic mice that display stage-specific activation of transgenes during odontoblast differentiation. Our results showed that this treatment first stimulated the differentiation of remaining progenitors in pulp cultures into functional odontoblasts but prevented their differentiation into mature odontoblasts. In addition, this treatment inhibited expression of markers of osteogenesis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the inhibitory effects of FGF2 on odontoblast differentiation were mediated through activation of FGFR/MEK/Erk1/2 signaling and downregulation of bone morphogenetic protein signaling, with negative and positive roles in the expression of Dmp1 and Dspp, respectively, during the advanced stage of odontoblast differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Sagomonyants
- 1 Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - I Kalajzic
- 2 Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - P Maye
- 2 Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - M Mina
- 3 Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lin PS, Chang HH, Yeh CY, Chang MC, Chan CP, Kuo HY, Liu HC, Liao WC, Jeng PY, Yeung SY, Jeng JH. Transforming growth factor beta 1 increases collagen content, and stimulates procollagen I and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 production of dental pulp cells: Role of MEK/ERK and activin receptor-like kinase-5/Smad signaling. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; 116:351-8. [PMID: 27720345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE In order to clarify the role of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in pulp repair/regeneration responses, we investigated the differential signaling pathways responsible for the effects of TGF-β1 on collagen turnover, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) production in human dental pulp cells. METHODS Pulp cells were exposed to TGF-β1 with/without pretreatment and coincubation by 1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis(o-aminophenyl mercapto)butadiene (U0126; a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase [MEK]/extracellular signal-regulated kinase [ERK] inhibitor) and 4-(5-benzol[1,3]dioxol-5-yl-4-pyrldin-2-yl-1H- imidazol-2-yl)-benzamide hydrate (SB431542; an activin receptor-like kinase-5/Smad signaling inhibitor). Sircol collagen assay was used to measure cellular collagen content. Culture medium procollagen I, TIMP-1, and MMP-3 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS TGF-β1 increased the collagen content, procollagen I, and TIMP-1 production, but slightly decreased MMP-3 production of pulp cells. SB431542 and U0126 prevented the TGF-β1-induced increase of collagen content and TIMP-1 production of dental pulp cells. CONCLUSION These results indicate that TGF-β1 may be involved in the healing/regeneration processes of dental pulp in response to injury by stimulation of collagen and TIMP-1 production. These events are associated with activin receptor-like kinase-5/Smad2/3 and MEK/ERK signaling.
Collapse
|
49
|
Han N, Chen Z, Zhang Q. Expression of KLF5 in odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp cells during in vitro odontoblastic induction and in vivo dental repair. Int Endod J 2016; 50:676-684. [PMID: 27334851 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify whether Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) was involved in odontoblastic differentiation during reparative dentine formation. METHODOLOGY Human Dental pulp cells (DPCs) were isolated from healthy human dental pulp tissue and induced for odontoblastic differentiation. Alizarin Red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity, quantitative real-time PCR and Western Blot were performed to evaluate in vitro odontoblastic differentiation. The expression profile of KLF5 during the in vitro odontoblastic differentiation was determined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western Blot. Knock-down of KLF5 by lentivirus-mediated shRNA was performed to determine the function of KLF5 in odontoblastic differentiation. After direct pulp capping with MTA, the maxillary first molar segments dissected from male Wistar rats were prepared for histology analysis and immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS Odontoblastic differentiation was confirmed by significantly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP; P = 0.004) activity and upregulated odontoblastic differentiation-related genes including dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP; P = 0.004) and dentine matrix protein-1 (DMP-1; P = <0.001). The expression of KLF5 was significantly upregulated during odontoblastic differentiation of in vitro cultured DPCs (P = 0.0002). KLF5 knock-down impaired odontoblastic differentiation. After direct pulp capping, dentine bridge-like calcified tissues were formed under the perforation sites. KLF5 was expressed in odontoblast-like cells and DPCs beneath the perforation sites during reparative dentine formation. CONCLUSIONS KLF5 might be involved in the process of odontoblastic differentiation during reparative dentine formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Han
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hirose Y, Yamaguchi M, Kawabata S, Murakami M, Nakashima M, Gotoh M, Yamamoto T. Effects of Extracellular pH on Dental Pulp Cells In Vitro. J Endod 2016; 42:735-41. [PMID: 26951958 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The proliferation and migration of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a population comprised of dental pulp cells (DPCs), are important processes for pulp tissue repair. Dental pulp is exposed to changes in extracellular pH under various conditions, such as acidosis and exposure to caries-associated bacteria or a pulp capping agent. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of extracellular pH on DPC proliferation and migration in vitro. METHODS To evaluate the proliferation potency of DPCs in various extracellular pH conditions, 2 × 10(4) cells were seeded into 35-mm dishes. The following day, we changed to NaHCO3-free medium, which was adjusted to different extracellular pH levels. RESULTS After 120 hours, DPCs cultured in media from a pH of 3.5 to 5.5 showed cell death, those cultured in conditions from a pH of 6.5 to 7.5 showed growth arrest or cell death, and those grown at a pH of 9.5 showed mild proliferation. The migratory activity of living DPCs was not affected by extracellular pH. For histologic analysis, human teeth possessing a small abscess in the coronal pulp chamber were sliced for histologic analysis. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunolocalization was used as an index of cell proliferation for the sections and cultured cells. Acidic extracellular pH conditions resulted in reduced numbers of PCNA-positive DPCs in the dishes. As for pulp tissue affected by a small abscess, a PCNA-negative pulp cell layer was observed in close proximity to the infectious lesion. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results suggest that an acidic extracellular pH condition is associated with DPC growth arrest or cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Hirose
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Dental Regenerative Medicine, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Department of Oral and Molecular Microbiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Masaya Yamaguchi
- Department of Oral and Molecular Microbiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Shigetada Kawabata
- Department of Oral and Molecular Microbiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Masashi Murakami
- Department of Dental Regenerative Medicine, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Misako Nakashima
- Department of Dental Regenerative Medicine, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Momokazu Gotoh
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tokunori Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|