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Majumder MAA, Bharatha A, Kumar S, Chatterjee M, Gupta S, Harewood H, Singh K, Johnson WMS, Rajasundaram A, Dutta SB, Prasad SV, Rahman S, Kabir R, Parsa AD, Gaur U, Rabbi AMF, Krishnamurthy K, Mohammad S, Chode V, Haque M, Campbell MH. Self-reported side effects of COVID-19 vaccines among health professions students in India. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17083. [PMID: 38590705 PMCID: PMC11000642 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies focusing on the safety and common side effects of vaccines play a crucial role in enhancing public acceptance of vaccination. Research is scarce regarding the usage of COVID-19 vaccines and the side effects experienced by health professions students in India and other countries. This study aimed to document self-reported side effects associated with COVID-19 vaccination among medical and dental students of six medical and dental colleges and teaching hospitals in four states (Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and West Bengal) of India. A cross-sectional survey using purposive sampling of medical and dental students was conducted from 26 April to 26 May 2021. Data was collected using a Google Forms questionnaire capturing information regarding receiving COVID-19 vaccines, side effects and symptoms, onset and duration of symptoms, use of treatment to alleviate symptoms, awareness of haematologic risks associated with vaccination, and side effects from previous (non-COVID-19) vaccinations. The majority (94.5%) of participants received both doses of the Covishield/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. Among participants (n = 492), 45.3% (n = 223) reported one or more side effects. The most frequently reported side effects were soreness of the injected arm (80.3%), tiredness (78.5%), fever (71.3%), headache (64.1%), and hypersomnia (58.7%). The two most common severe symptoms were fever (14.8%) and headache (13%). Most side effects appeared on the day of vaccination: soreness of the injection site (57%), fever (43.1%), and tiredness (42.6%). Most reported symptoms persisted for one to three days-soreness of the injection site (53%), fever (47.1%), and headache (42.6%). Logistic regression showed that women were almost 85% less likely to report side effects. The study's findings corroborate the safety of the Covishield/AstraZeneca vaccine's first dose, evidenced by the relatively minor and transient nature of the side effects. However, the study underscores the necessity for ongoing research to assess the long-term impacts of COVID-19 vaccines, especially in the context of booster doses, thereby contributing to the global understanding of vaccine safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Anwarul Azim Majumder
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
- Public Health Foundation of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ambadasu Bharatha
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | | | - Madhuri Chatterjee
- Shri Ramkrishna Institute of Medical Science, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Subir Gupta
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Heather Harewood
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Keerti Singh
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - WMS Johnson
- Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sudeshna Banerjee Dutta
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing (Critical care nursing), Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Sayeeda Rahman
- American University of Integrative Sciences (AUIS), Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Russell Kabir
- Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, United Kingdom
| | | | - Uma Gaur
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | | | - Kandamaran Krishnamurthy
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Shegufta Mohammad
- Health Education Department, Empower Me First College, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Mainul Haque
- National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Michael H. Campbell
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
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Dele-Ojo BF, Adesokan A, Fadare JO, Ajayi PO, Raimi TH, Dada SA, Ojo OD, Ogunmodede JA, Ipinnimo TM, Ariyo OE, Godman B. Short-term COVID-19 vaccine adverse effects among adults in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Curr Med Res Opin 2024; 40:621-627. [PMID: 38323854 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2024.2316217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The safety of the COVID-19 vaccines has been a topic of concern globally. This issue of safety is associated with vaccine hesitancy due to concerns about the adverse effects of the vaccines. Consequently, this study determined the short-term safety profile of the Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine in Ekiti State, Nigeria. METHODS Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted between May and July 2021 among individuals who had received the first dose of the first batch of the Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine at Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital (EKSUTH), Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. A Google form was used to collect data on the adverse effects of the vaccine. RESULTS Out of over 1,000 individuals who were approached, 758 respondents completed the study. A large percentage (57.4%) of those who received the vaccines were healthcare workers. Adverse effects were reported in 70.8% of the participants with most manifesting on the first day of the vaccination. The predominant adverse effects were injection site soreness (28.5%), followed by fatigue (18.7%) and muscle pain (8.6%). There was no report of severe adverse effects such as anaphylactic reactions, thrombosis, myocarditis, transient myelitis, or Guillen-Barre syndrome. CONCLUSION This study found that self-reported adverse effects of the Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine were mild and short in duration. This outcome has promising implications for improving COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the immediate environment and Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolade Folasade Dele-Ojo
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Adedapo Adesokan
- Emergency Medicine Department, Kingsmill Hospital, Sutton-in-Ashfield, Scotland
| | | | - Paul Oladapo Ajayi
- Department of Community Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo Hussean Raimi
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Samuel Ayokunle Dada
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Owolabi Dele Ojo
- Department of Surgery, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Olumuyiwa Elijah Ariyo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Brian Godman
- Department of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Khan F, Khan MT, Zaman S, Mujtaba S, Batool A, Ghanghro Z, Anwar A, Hashmi AA. Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines Among Diabetic Subjects and Healthy Individuals. Cureus 2023; 15:e36005. [PMID: 37041898 PMCID: PMC10083655 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Vaccinations protect against disease through various ways, but the process of developing immunity might result in side effects. This study determined the immediate side effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination among patients with diabetes and non-diabetic participants. Methods This multi-center, cross-sectional study was conducted in multiple hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. The duration of the study was six months, from March 1, 2022, to August 31, 2022. A total of 1150 participants who received one of the COVID-19 vaccines, for instance, Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, Sinovac, and Pfizer (double or booster doses) were included in the study and allocated into two groups: diabetics (n=540) and non-diabetics (n=610). The chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of side effects between diabetic and non-diabetic participants. The association between means of demographic variables such as age and weight was compared using an independent t-test. Results The study findings showed that the mean age of the group with diabetes was 46.73±14.98 years and that of the non-diabetic group was 44.01±14.80 years with a significant difference between them (p=0.002). The majority of participants, 187 (34.6%) patients with diabetes received Pfizer, while 234 (38.4%) non-diabetic participants received Sinovac. Following the first dose, side effects were higher in patients with diabetes. Burning at the injection site, fever, and pain were the most commonly reported side effects in patients with diabetes following the first dose. Additionally, following the second dose, burning at the injection site, muscular pain, fever, and pain were the most commonly observed side effects, with a significant association among diabetic and non-diabetic participants (p<0.001). Conclusion Diabetes is a prevalent comorbidity in individuals infected with COVID-19, and patients with diabetes report more side effects from immunization than non-diabetic participants. The most commonly reported side effects of the vaccine in diabetic participants were observed to be burning at the injection site, fever, muscle and joint pain, and swelling at the injection site. Additionally, participants with and without diabetes reported feeling satisfied with their vaccines.
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Majumder MAA, Singh K, Johnson WMS, Rajasundaram A, Gupta S, Gaur U, Kumar S, Chatterjee M, Fazle Rabbi AM, Sangishetti VP, Rahman S, Campbell MH, Harewood H, Bharatha A, Krishnamurthy K, Kabir R, Parsa AD, Mohammmad S, Haque M, Razzaque MS. Evaluation of Short-Term Side Effects Following the First Dose of COVID-19 Vaccines Among Physicians and Dentists: A Cross-Sectional Study from India. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:161-174. [PMID: 36700174 PMCID: PMC9869700 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s390364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Efficacy and safety are fundamental for the development of successful COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccine-associated side effects influence vaccine hesitancy. This study investigated the prevalence, severity, and onset of side effects following the first dose of COVID-19 vaccines among physicians and dentists working in various healthcare settings across India. Methods A cross-sectional survey collected self-report data from April to June 2021 on side effects following the first dose of the vaccine. An online validated questionnaire using the Google Docs® platform was circulated via email and social media platforms. Results More than 40% of participants experienced at least one side effect after the first dose of vaccination; the most common were mild and resolved within three days after vaccination. More than 91% of respondents received the Covishield (AstraZeneca) vaccine; the most prevalent adverse effects were soreness of the injected arm (78.9%), tiredness (71.1%), and fever (54.9%). Logistic regression showed that women were almost 60% less likely to report side effects. Conclusion Findings supported the safety of the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine based on relatively few self-limiting side effects, mainly soreness of the injected arm and tiredness. Further research is needed to determine the long-term safety of COVID-19 vaccines, especially after booster doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Anwarul Azim Majumder
- Public Health Foundation of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh,Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Keerti Singh
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - W M S Johnson
- Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,Correspondence: WMS Johnson, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Email ;
| | - Archana Rajasundaram
- Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subir Gupta
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Uma Gaur
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Madhuri Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Ramkrishna Institute of Medical Science, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | - Sayeeda Rahman
- School of Medicine, American University of Integrative Sciences (AUIS), Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Michael H Campbell
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Heather Harewood
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Ambadasu Bharatha
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | | | - Russell Kabir
- Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
| | - Ali Davod Parsa
- Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
| | | | - Mainul Haque
- Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia,Mainul Haque, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Email ;
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Bareiß A, Uzun G, Mikus M, Becker M, Althaus K, Schneiderhan-Marra N, Fürstberger A, Schwab JD, Kestler HA, Holderried M, Martus P, Schenke-Layland K, Bakchoul T. Vaccine Side Effects in Health Care Workers after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2: Data from TüSeRe:exact Study. Viruses 2022; 15:65. [PMID: 36680106 PMCID: PMC9864657 DOI: 10.3390/v15010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As the Corona Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 persists, vaccination is one of the key measures to contain the spread. Side effects (SE) from vaccination are one of the reasons for reluctance to vaccinate. We systematically investigated self-reported SE after the first, second, and booster vaccinations. The data were collected during the TüSeRe: exact study (Tübinger Monitoring Studie zur exakten Analyse der Immunantwort nach Vakzinierung). Employees of health and research institutions were invited to participate. Study participants were asked to fill out an online questionnaire and report their SE after each dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. A total of 1046 participants (mean age: 44 ± 12.9 years; female, n = 815 (78%); male, n = 231 (22%)) were included in the analysis. Local and systemic SE were more frequent after receiving the vector-based vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in the first vaccination. However, local and systemic SE were more common after receiving mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273) in the second vaccination. Compared to the BNT162b2 vaccine, more SE have been observed after receiving the mRNA-1273 vaccine in the booster vaccination. In multivariate analysis, local and systemic side effects were associated with vaccine type, age and gender. Local and systemic SE are common after SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The frequency of self-reported local and systemic SE differ significantly between mRNA and vector-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Bareiß
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Günalp Uzun
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marco Mikus
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Becker
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Karina Althaus
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty of Tuebingen, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Axel Fürstberger
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Julian D. Schwab
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Hans A. Kestler
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Holderried
- Department of Medical Structure, Process and Quality Management, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biostatistics, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies & Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tamam Bakchoul
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty of Tuebingen, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Manda A, Koya P, Pallem R, Mohd D, Thatikonda K, Venkateshwarlu K. Assessment of safety and adverse drug reactions of COVID vaccination in the South Indian population: An observational prospective cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 84:104948. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Mungmunpuntipantip R, Wiwanitkit V. Healthcare professionals & adverse events of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine. Indian J Med Res 2022; 155:591. [PMID: 36124501 PMCID: PMC9807199 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_373_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Viroj Wiwanitkit
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil University, Pune 411 018, Maharashtra, India
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