Health-promoting lifestyle and quality of life in affected and unaffected menopausal women by primary osteoporosis

Women's knowledge concerning osteoporosis at Al Diwaniyah State, Iraq: A cross-sectional design study

BACKGROUND

Osteoporosis is a growing epidemic that threatens the health of people all over the world. Unfortunately, many women still do not take the necessary precautions to avoid osteoporosis, and many have incorrect ideas about the disease. The current study aimed to assess women's knowledge of osteoporosis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed by purposive sampling on 383 menopausal women aged 45-65 years covered by all health centers from November 8, 2023 to April 20, 2024 in Diwaniyah Iraq. The osteoporosis knowledge assessment tool was used to evaluate participants' knowledge. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics in SPSS version 27 software.

RESULTS

In this study, a significant proportion of participants demonstrated poor knowledge (13.5%), while 64.4% had average knowledge, and 22.1% exhibited good knowledge. The study did not find statistically significant differences in participants' knowledge based on employment status, marital status, or residence (P = 0.062, P = 0.403, P = 0.192, respectively). However, there is a statistically significant correlation between participants' knowledge and their level of education (P = 0.010).

CONCLUSIONS

The participants exhibit average knowledge regarding osteoporosis. This finding underscores the importance of increasing osteoporosis knowledge to reduce the risk of harm and healthcare costs. Consequently, a comprehensive women's health program should incorporate various components of osteoporosis prevention.

Perceptions Toward Exercise or Mindful Exercise Participation Among Patients With Primary Osteoporosis: A Qualitative Study

Exercise is significantly beneficial for patients with osteoporosis. However, physiological and psychological factors such as pain and kinesiophobia prevent patients from participating in exercise. Therefore, it is important to understand how these patients perceive participation in exercise. This qualitative study was conducted in China using conventional content analysis. Using a purposeful sampling method, 17 patients with primary osteoporosis were recruited. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview and managed using ATLAS.ti 21. Nine generic categories were developed from 26 subcategories and two main categories were identified: Barriers and facilitators, support systems, network resources, positive emotions, and reactions were the facilitators for exercise in this study. In addition, mindful exercise was positively viewed by the patients. Inefficient awareness, weak support systems, and burdens were identified as barriers. To improve compliance in clinical practice, targeted exercise protocols should be developed for patients based on these perceptions.

Effectiveness of lifestyle related interventions to improve quality of life among postmenopausal women in selected slums of Bhubaneswar: A community based quasi experimental study

BACKGROUND

Postmenopausal women considered as risk population, due to estrogen deficiency, 80% of women reduce physical and mental well-being in their menopausal years. Menopausal symptoms are not always reasons for any life-intimidating situations, but it disturbs quality of life (QoL) of middle-aged women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This non-randomized control trial was conducted among slum women in the age group of 40 to 60 years who were in their postmenopausal period (within 5 years). Study group was intervened by lifestyle-related interventional module about concept of menopause, symptoms, health issues, dietary habit for reducing menopausal symptoms with a practical demonstration of yoga, exercises and pranayama, group and individual counseling to the participants. Independent t-test, paired t-test, Chi-squared test, and Fisher's exact test were analyzed by SPSS software version 28 licensed to the institute.

RESULTS

The mean age of the participants was 51.02 ± 2.94 years ranging from 47 to 58 years. As per anthropometric and blood pressure measurements data, significant differences were found in weight (P < 0.02), body mass index (P < 0.001), waist/Hip Ratio (P < 0.001), SBP (P < 0.001) and DBP (P < 0.001) between both the groups. Comparing the mean difference score of vasomotor, psychosocial, physical and sexual domains of the MENQOL questionnaire pre- and post-intervention found that, there was significant reduction of QoL score in study group.

CONCLUSION

The lifestyle related interventions as an alternative therapy are safe, free from side effects, cost-effective and government program may be implemented for the betterment of the menopausal women.

The self-care behaviors and health literacy can play important preventive roles in older female osteoporosis

BACKGROUND

Osteoporosis is a common complication of aging and menopause. Self-care and health literacy are among the factors affecting health status. The purpose of this research was to determine the preventive roles of self-care behaviors and health literacy in older women with osteoporosis.

METHODS

This cross‑sectional analytical research was conducted on 250 postmenopausal women consisting of 125 osteoporotic and 125 healthy people aged 60-70. They were selected by purposive sampling in Tabriz Sina Hospital from September 2021 to December 2021. Data collection instruments were a demographic questionnaire, a Menopausal Self‑Care Questionnaire, and a European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 software.

RESULTS

The mean (SD) total score of self-care in healthy women was 118.97 (19.92) and in women with osteoporosis was 84.7 (14.98) (p < 0.001). Also, healthy women all had sufficient health literacy (100%), but 52.8% of women with osteoporosis had insufficient health literacy. The odds of osteoporosis decreased significantly with the rise in the total score of self-care behaviors [Odds ratio 95% confidence interval (95% CI); p: 0.909 (0.880 to 0.939); p < 0.001] and its subdomains as well as with increasing health literacy level [OR (95% CI); p: 0.322 (0.266 to 0.383); p < 0.001]. There was a significant positive correlation between self-care behaviors and health literacy (r = 0.616, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Self-care in aged women is particularly important in reducing the risk of osteoporosis, and empowering women in the field of health literacy is an important factor in improving self-care behaviors and ultimately the health of these people.

The study of nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding pain management and control in emergency departments

BACKGROUND

Given the importance and pivotal role of nurses in pain management and control, this study was conducted to determine the nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward in emergency departments.

METHODS

This study was designed and conducted as a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study. Nurses' attitude and knowledge towards pain management and control and relationship between their demographic characteristics have been assessed. Nurse Attitude Survey (NAS) and Pain management and control principles assessment Test (PMPAT) questionnaires were used.

RESULTS

Totally 400 volunteers, including 148 (37.2%) male and 250 (62.8%) female nurses recruited from 23 hospitals in East Azerbaijan, Iran, with a mean age of 30.88 years (± 6.04 SD) and age range between 22 and 53 years old. The crude mean score of participants' knowledge of pain management and control was 12.51 (± 2.77 SD), and standardized mean score was 40.34 (± 8.92 SD), which was low at 84.8% and moderate in 15.3% of the participants. Older nurses and nurses who previously participated in pain retraining courses had significantly less knowledge about pain management and control (r= -0.104, P = 0.038), and (r= -0.148, P = 0.003) respectively. The crude mean score of participants' attitudes toward pain control and management was 15.22 (± 2.56 SD), and standardized mean score was 60.87 (± 10.26 SD). Nurses' attitudes have become more negative with the increase of their work experience (r = -0.168, P = 0.001), and previously participation in pain retraining courses (r =-0.207, P < 0.001). Older nurses and highly educated nurses had significantly more negative attitudes towards pain control and management (r = -0.153, P = 0.002), and (r= -0.126, P = 0.005), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The current study revealed that pain management and control knowledge in most emergency nurses was low, and most of them had a moderate attitude. We need more scientific and comprehensive pain management and control training courses to improve knowledge and attitude among health workers and nurses.

Dietary acid load is associated with primary osteoporosis in postmenopausal women aged 50-65 years: A cross-sectional study

This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary acid load (DAL) and primary osteoporosis. This was a cross-sectional study. Among 850 randomly selected postmenopausal women aged 50-65 years, 232 women consisted of 124 women with normal bone mineral density (BMD) and 108 with primary osteoporosis were selected after examining the eligibility criteria. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric indices, and physical activity were collected through questionnaires. Osteoporosis was diagnosed using the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method. DAL was assessed by a valid and reliable semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire during the last year. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and adjusted binary logistic regression were used for data analysis through SPSS/24. There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), number of deliveries, and years after menopause (p < .05). The mean (standard deviation (SD)) potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) were higher in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis than those with normal BMD (PRAL: -13.1 ± 11.1 mEq/day vs. -10.8 ± 12.7 mEq/day; NEAP: 29.5 ± 8.5 mEq/day vs. 31.2 ± 9.2 mEq/day). The mean consumption of potassium, magnesium, and calcium in the osteoporosis group was significantly lower than in the other group (p < .05). There were significant associations between osteoporosis with PRAL (odds ratio (OR) = 1.030; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.001 to 1.060, p = .027) and NEAP scores (OR = 1.041; 95% CI: 1.003 to 1.081, p = .037). The odds of osteoporosis increased by 3% following one unit increase in PRAL score. Similarly, it increased by 4% with increasing NEAP score up to one unit. Therefore, dietary patterns that produce high DAL can have a detrimental effect on bone health.

Sclerostin as a biomarker of physical exercise in osteoporosis: A narrative review

Osteoporosis, a disease of low bone mass, is characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) through abnormalities in the microarchitecture of bone tissue. It affects both the social and economic areas, therefore it has been considered a lifestyle disease for many years. Bone tissue is a dynamic structure exhibiting sensitivity to various stimuli, including mechanical ones, which are a regulator of tissue sclerostin levels. Sclerostin is a protein involved in bone remodeling, showing an anti-anabolic effect on bone density. Moderate to vigorous physical activity inhibits secretion of this protein and promotes increased bone mineral density. Appropriate exercise has been shown to have an osteogenic effect. The effectiveness of osteogenic training depends on the type, intensity, regularity and frequency of exercise and the number of body parts involved. The greatest osteogenic activity is demonstrated by exercises affecting bone with high ground reaction forces (GRF) and high forces exerted by contracting muscles (JFR). The purpose of this study was to review the literature for the effects of various forms of exercise on sclerostin secretion.

Design, development, and evaluation of a self-care program for women with osteoporosis: The protocol of a mixed-method study

BACKGROUND

Osteoporosis, the fourth most common disease in the world, affects the elderly and postmenopausal women and imposes a great financial and social burden on individuals and society. Furthermore, it has a significant impact on the quality of patients' life. This study tries to take an effective step toward improving the quality of patients' life by developing and evaluating the self-care program of women with osteoporosis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this research, a hybrid sequential design of quantitative and qualitative type consisting of three phases is used. This mixed-method study aimed to develop and evaluate a self-care program for women with osteoporosis.

CONCLUSION

Familiarity with the needs of these patients and the use of self-care programs and considering social, cultural, and psychological factors could be effective steps to improve the health of women with osteoporosis. These steps can improve the quality of life and reduce the costs of treatment for this group of women.

Health Promoting Lifestyle Behaviors and Sleep Quality Among Saudi Postmenopausal Women

Background

One of the most effective measures regarding improving women's health is to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between health-promoting behaviors and sleep quality among a sample of Saudi menopausal women.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study was used to collect data from 410 Saudi postmenopausal women visiting primary healthcare care centers located in Sakaka, Jouf, Saudi Arabia, using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLPII) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

Results

The mean age of the study participants was 52.60 ± 4.65 years, the study findings highlighted that among all the HPLP domains, the highest mean score was observed for spiritual growth (24.00 ± 6.60) whereas the lowest score was observed for physical activity (16.18 ± 1.8). Statistically significant negative relations between the total score of HPLP and sleep quality score and menopausal symptoms (p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.005), respectively. Total scores of lifestyle, health responsibility, and stress management were significant differences between participants with good and poor sleep quality. Being overweight/obese, physically inactive, having a chronic illness and poor sleep quality were predictors influencing health-promoting behavior.

Conclusion

Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II was more obvious in the good sleeper in form of health responsibility and stress management. Being overweight and or obese, having a chronic illness, and having poor sleep quality were the significant factors influencing health-promoting behaviors. Designing and performing educational interventional plans are crucial to create motivation toward a healthy lifestyle and improve the quality of their sleep.