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Sajid S, Rahman SU, Mohin M, Sindhu ZUD. Development of egg yolk-based polyclonal antibodies and immunoprophylactic potential of antigen-antibody complex against infectious bursal disease. Vet Anim Sci 2024; 23:100326. [PMID: 38162251 PMCID: PMC10755096 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
A study conducted in the Faisalabad district sampled 50 cases across five IBD outbreaks, revealing an alarming 80 % infection rate among poultry. Our research focused on developing an immune complex (Antigen-antibody complex) with potential immunoprophylactic benefits to counter this formidable threat. Our study was based on producing egg yolk-derived polyclonal antibodies (IgY) targeting IBDV. Commercial layer birds were immunized with inactivated IBDV, yielding IgY antibodies extracted from their eggs exhibited substantially higher and more enduring antibody titers, with a geometric mean titer of 104. Further research involved the creation of an immune complex (ICx) where antigen was extracted from infected bursae tissues. The immunogenic response of ICx was assessed in poultry birds after a challenge with a virulent strain of IBD virus and compared to a conventional IBDV vaccine in poultry. Results revealed significantly higher and more enduring antibody titers induced by the ICx, offering enhanced protective immunity against the IBDV challenge, as evidenced by lower Bursa to bodyweight ratios in vaccinated birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaullah Sajid
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad ur Rahman
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mashkoor Mohin
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zia ud Din Sindhu
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Fathima S, Hakeem WGA, Shanmugasundaram R, Selvaraj RK. Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens: A Review on the Pathogen, Pathogenesis, and Prevention. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10101958. [PMID: 36296234 PMCID: PMC9610872 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens type A and C are the primary etiological agents associated with necrotic enteritis (NE) in poultry. The predisposing factors implicated in the incidence of NE changes the physical properties of the gut, immunological status of birds, and disrupt the gut microbial homeostasis, causing an over-proliferation of C. perfringens. The principal virulence factors contributing to the pathogenesis of NE are the α-toxin, β-toxin, and NetB toxin. The immune response to NE in poultry is mediated by the Th1 pathway or cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. C. perfringens type A and C are also pathogenic in humans, and hence are of public health significance. C. perfringens intoxications are the third most common bacterial foodborne disease after Salmonella and Campylobacter. The restrictions on the use of antibiotics led to an increased incidence of NE in poultry. Hence, it is essential to develop alternative strategies to keep the prevalence of NE under check. The control strategies rely principally on the positive modulation of host immune response, nutritional manipulation, and pathogen reduction. Current knowledge on the etiology, pathogenesis, predisposing factors, immune response, effect on the gut microbial homeostasis, and preventative strategies of NE in this post-antibiotic era is addressed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahna Fathima
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Revathi Shanmugasundaram
- Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, US National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Ramesh K. Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Correspondence:
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Meng Y, Chen D, Qiu N, Mine Y, Keast R, Meng S, Zhu C. Comparative N-glycoproteomic analysis of Tibetan and lowland chicken fertilized eggs: Implications on proteins biofunction and species evolution. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14006. [PMID: 34859904 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The characterization and functionality of protein glycosylation among different related species are of common interest. Herein, non-standard quantification and N-glycosylation enrichment technology combined with ultra-high liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were used to establish detailed N-glycoproteomics of fertilized eggs, and quantitatively compared between Tibetan and lowland chicken. A total of 396N-glycosites from 143 glycoproteins were found. Specifically, compared with lowland chicken egg white, 32N-glycosites of 22 glycoproteins were up-regulated and 57N-glycosites of 25 glycoproteins were down-regulated in Tibetan chicken egg white. Also, 137N-glycosites in 72 glycoproteins showed much higher-degree glycosylation and 36N-glycosites in 15 glycoproteins displayed lower-degree glycosylation in Tibetan chicken egg yolk than those in lowland chicken egg yolk. Through bioinformatic analysis, these varied glycoproteins were highly associated with antifreeze activity, hypoxia adaptation, coagulation cascade, and binding/immunity activities, which may be related to plateau hypoxia and cold stress. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: These findings provide a new insight on the role of biological egg N-glycoproteins related to environmental adaptation and evolution, which may be further applied in improving egg processing and human health, by developing biomolecules for food and medical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Diao Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ning Qiu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yoshinori Mine
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Russell Keast
- CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sichong Meng
- Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chunxia Zhu
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
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da Silva MTL, Deodato RM, Villar LM. Exploring the potential usefulness of IgY for antiviral therapy: A current review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:785-791. [PMID: 34416265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) is therapeutic antibodies presented in yolk eggs of birds, reptiles, and amphibians. These proteins produced by the immune system of the animal, are capable of neutralizing antigenic molecules, including viral antigens, fulfilling a role in the body defense. The specificity of these antibodies and the facility for their production, make these molecules capable of being used as tools for diagnosis and immunotherapy. Regarding this last aspect, it is common knowledge that the field of virology, is racing against time in the development of new drugs and vaccines to try to contain pandemics and local epidemics and, in counterproposal, avian antibodies are neutralizing molecules that can help in the control and spread of disease. These molecules have been explored for years and currently chicken eggs are produced in large quantities from the animal's immunization against a specific pathogen. Thus, on this subject, this review made a survey of these researches and presents a summary of all the successful cases and perspectives in the use of IgYs as tools for viral immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raissa Martins Deodato
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Livia Melo Villar
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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6
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Khan RSA, Sajid S, Habib M, Ali W, Salah-ud-Din Shah M, Sarfraz M. History of Gumboro (infectious bursal disease) in Pakistan. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:453-459. [PMID: 28579874 PMCID: PMC5447420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious Bursal Disease is the second important viral disease of poultry which affects the young growing pullets. The end fate appears in huge economic losses to poultry industry. Throughout the world, cheapest source of animal protein is chicken meat. It was initially reported in Europe; soon it spreads worldwide and causes drastic losses. In Pakistan, first of all this disease was reported in 1971. It is the first review to track the IBDV history in Pakistan. It provides comprehensive details of forty-six years researchers work in controlling this important disease. Different scientists worked to fill the gap areas to achieve the goal. Present review covers all the research aspects being explored in Pakistan since first report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanaullah Sajid
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mudasser Habib
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Ali
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Maliha Sarfraz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Zhang Y, Yin J, Li T, Zhou B, Xu P, Che R, Liu Y, Cao H, Ye X, Yang Y, Qi X, Zheng S, Ding G, Ren G, Yang H, Wang X, Li D. A recombinant avian antibody against VP2 of infectious bursal disease virus protects chicken from viral infection. Res Vet Sci 2017; 114:194-201. [PMID: 28482266 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A stable cell-line was established that expressed the recombinant avian antibody (rAb) against the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). rAb exhibited neutralization activity to IBDV-B87 strain in DF1 cells. The minimum rAb concentration required for inhibition of the cytopathic effect (CPE) was 1.563μg/mL. To test the efficacy of rAb, a 168-h cohabitation challenge experiment was performed to transmit the disease from the chickens challenged with vvIBDV (HLJ0504 strain) to three test groups of chickens, i.e. (1) chickens treated with rAb, (2) chickens treated with yolk antibody, and (3) non-treatment chickens. The survival rates of chickens treated with rAb, yolk antibody and without treatment were 73%, 67% and 20%, respectively. Another batch of chickens was challenged with IBDV (BC6/85 strain) and then injected with rAb (1.0mg/kg) 6, 24 and 36h post-challenge. Non-treatment chickens had 100% morbidity, whereas those administered with rAb exhibited only 20% morbidity. Morbidity was evaluated using clinical indicators and bursal histopathological section. This study provides a new approach to treating IBDV and the rAb represents a promising candidate for this IBDV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jiechao Yin
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Tianhe Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | | | - Pengfei Xu
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ruixiang Che
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yunye Liu
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hongxue Cao
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xianlong Ye
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yongbi Yang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xiaole Qi
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, PR China
| | - Shimin Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guojie Ding
- Harbin Pharmaceutical Group Bio-vaccine Co., Ltd., Harbin, PR China
| | - Guiping Ren
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hanchun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Deshan Li
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China.
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Guo X, Cao H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Chen Y, Wang N, Jiang S, Zhang S, Wu Q, Li T, Zhang Y, Zhou B, Yin J, Li D, Ren G. Screening scFv antibodies against infectious bursal disease virus by co-expression of antigen and antibody in the bacteria display system. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 180:45-52. [PMID: 27692095 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported an antigen and antibody co-expression (AAC) technology to demonstrate the interaction between a known antigen and antibody. To validate the co-expression system for screening antibody libraries, a single chain fragment variable(scFv)antibody library was constructed from chickens immunized with the VP2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). The genes of both VP2 and scFv antibodies were inserted into the pBFD-Ab-Ag vector. The co-expression library was subjected to three rounds of screening by flow cytometry (FCM) using a polyclonal antibody against VP2 through a bacteria display system. We achieved enrichment of scFv specific for IBDV. 110 individual clones were initially selected and sequenced. Twenty clones were selected based on fluorescence intensity by FCM. The scFv antibodies were expressed by pET-27b in E.coli and purified. The specificity and affinity of the selected scFv antibodies were confirmed by western blotting assay and ELISA analysis. What's more, the neutralizing capacity was measured with IBDV-B87(100 TCID50) in vitro. Four scFvs (clone 8(1), Y8, L10 and L7) showed significant neutralizing capacity. Two of the four scFvs (clone 8(1) and Y8) demonstrated a higher neutralizing activity to IBDV-B87 and the titers were 16,384 and 8,192, respectively. The two scFvs had higher neutralizing capacity than those obtained in previous studies. We demonstrated that the AAC technology could be applied to screen antibody libraries without baiting antigen to make antibody screening process easier and obtain scFvs with higher neutralizing capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Guo
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hongxue Cao
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yunxin Wang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanmin Chen
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shengqi Zhang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianhe Li
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jiechao Yin
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Deshan Li
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Guiping Ren
- Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Hedegaard CJ, Heegaard PMH. Passive immunisation, an old idea revisited: Basic principles and application to modern animal production systems. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 174:50-63. [PMID: 27185263 PMCID: PMC7127230 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunisation by administration of antibodies (immunoglobulins) has been known for more than one hundred years as a very efficient means of obtaining immediate, short-lived protection against infection and/or against the disease-causing effects of toxins from microbial pathogens and from other sources. Thus, due to its rapid action, passive immunisation is often used to treat disease caused by infection and/or toxin exposure. However immunoglobulins may also be administered prior to exposure to infection and/or toxin, although they will not provide long-lasting protection as is seen with active immunisation (vaccination) in which an immunological memory is established by controlled exposure of the host to the pathogen in question. With multi-factorial infectious diseases in production animals, especially those that have proven hard to control by vaccination, the potential of passive immunisation remains big. This review highlights a number of examples on the use of passive immunisation for the control of infectious disease in the modern production of a range of animals, including pigs, cattle, sheep, goat, poultry and fish. Special emphasis is given on the enablement of passive immunisation strategies in these production systems through low cost and ease of use as well as on the sources, composition and purity of immunoglobulin preparations used and their benefits as compared to current measures, including vaccination (also comprising maternal vaccination), antibiotics and feed additives such as spray-dried plasma. It is concluded that provided highly efficient, relatively low-price immunoglobulin products are available, passive immunisation has a clear role in the modern animal production sector as a means of controlling infectious diseases, importantly with a very low risk of causing development of bacterial resistance, thus constituting a real and widely applicable alternative to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris J Hedegaard
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Section for Immunology and Vaccinology, The innate immunology Group, Denmark.
| | - Peter M H Heegaard
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Section for Immunology and Vaccinology, The innate immunology Group, Denmark
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Aizenshtein E, Yosipovich R, Kvint M, Shadmon R, Krispel S, Shuster E, Eliyahu D, Finger A, Banet-Noach C, Shahar E, Pitcovski J. Practical aspects in the use of passive immunization as an alternative to attenuated viral vaccines. Vaccine 2016; 34:2513-8. [PMID: 27079929 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Passive immunization as a method to protect birds has been tested for many years and shown to be effective. Its advantages over active vaccination include no use of partially virulent viruses, overcoming the gap in the level of protection at young age due to interference of maternal antibodies to raise self-immune response following active vaccination and the possible immunosuppressive effect of attenuated vaccine viruses. However, a major obstacle to its implementation is its relatively high cost which is dependent, among other things, mainly on two factors: the efficacy of antibody production, and the use of specific pathogen-free (SPF) birds for antibody production to avoid the possible transfer of pathogens from commercial layers. In this study we show efficient production of immunoglobulin Y (IgY) against four different pathogens simultaneously in the same egg, and treatment of the extracted IgY with formalin to negate the need for SPF birds. Formalin, a common registered sterilization compound in vaccine production, was shown not to interfere with the Fab specific antigen binding or Fc-complement activation of the antibody. Following injection of 1-day-old broilers with antibodies against infectious bursal disease virus, protective antibody levels were acquired for the entire period of sensitivity to this pathogen (35 days). Passive vaccination with formalin-sterilized IgY against multiple antigens extracted from one commercial egg may be a cost-effective and advantageous complementary or alternative to attenuated vaccines in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Aizenshtein
- MIGAL - Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
| | - Roni Yosipovich
- MIGAL - Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
| | - Moran Kvint
- MIGAL - Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
| | - Roy Shadmon
- MIGAL - Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
| | - Simcha Krispel
- MIGAL - Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
| | - Efrat Shuster
- MIGAL - Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
| | - Dalia Eliyahu
- MIGAL - Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
| | | | | | - Ehud Shahar
- MIGAL - Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
| | - Jacob Pitcovski
- MIGAL - Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel; Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai Academic College, Israel.
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Passive immunization with hyperimmune egg-yolk IgY as prophylaxis and therapy for poultry diseases – A review. Anim Health Res Rev 2015; 16:163-76. [DOI: 10.1017/s1466252315000195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPassive immunization with pathogen-specific egg yolk antibodies (IgY) is emerging as a potential alternative to antibiotics for the treatment and prevention of various human and animal diseases. Laying hens are an excellent source of high-quality polyclonal antibodies, which can be collected noninvasively from egg yolks. The use of IgY offers several advantages in that it is environmentally friendly, nontoxic, and reduces the numbers of animals required for antibody production. This paper reviews the use of IgY antibodies in the treatment and prevention of enteric pathogen infections in poultry. Brief descriptions of the production, structure, and properties of IgY are also presented. Some limitations of the technology and future perspectives are discussed.
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Zhou Y, Xie ZG. A neutralizing scFv antibody against infectious bursal disease virus screened by flow cytometry. J Immunol Methods 2015; 424:80-4. [PMID: 26003676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is considered a vital viral disease that threatens the poultry industry worldwide. In this study, a recombinant single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody library derived from chickens immunized with VP2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was constructed. The library was subjected to three rounds of screening by flow cytometry (FCM) against VP2/IBDV through a bacteria display technology, resulting in the enrichment of scFvs. Three scFv clones with different fluorescence intensity were obtained by colony pick up at random. The obtained scFv antibodies were expressed and purified. Relative affinity assay showed the three clones had different sensitivity to VP2, in accordance with fluorescence activity cell sorting analysis (FACS). The potential use of the isolated IBDV-specific scFv antibodies was demonstrated by the successful application of these antibodies in Western blotting and ELISA assay. What's more, in vitro neutralization measurement showed that one of the three isolated antibodies possessed the neutralization function against IBDV. This study provides new strategies for screening of antibody library, and scFv antibodies isolated in this study may be utilized as lead candidates for further development of diagnostic or therapeutic antibodies for detection and treatment of IBDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Agro-forest, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161000, PR China
| | - Zhi-Gang Xie
- College of Life Sciences and Agro-forest, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161000, PR China.
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Diraviyam T, Zhao B, Wang Y, Schade R, Michael A, Zhang X. Effect of chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) against diarrhea in domesticated animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014. [PMID: 24846286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097716.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgY antibodies are serum immunoglobulin in birds, reptiles and amphibians, and are transferred from serum to egg yolk to confer passive immunity to their embryos and offspring. Currently, the oral passive immunization using chicken IgY has been focused as an alternative to antibiotics for the treatment and control of diarrhea in animals and humans. This systematic review was focused to determine the effect of IgY in controlling and preventing diarrhea in domesticated animals including Piglets, Mice, Poultry and Calves. METHODS AND RESULTS Previous research reports focused on treatment effect of Chicken IgY against diarrhea were retrieved from different electronic data bases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPRINGER-LINK, WILEY, AGRICOLA, MEDWELL Journals, Scientific Publish, Chinese articles from Core periodicals in 2012). A total of 61 studies in 4 different animal classes met the inclusion criteria. Data on study characteristics and outcome measures were extracted. The pooled relative risk (RR) of 49 studies of different animals [Piglets--22; Mice--14; Poultry--7 and Calves--6] in meta-analyses revealed that, IgY significantly reduced the risk of diarrhea in treatment group when compare to the placebo. However, the 95% confidence intervals of the majority of studies in animal class piglets and calves embrace RR of one. The same results were obtained in sub group analyses (treatment regiment--prophylactic or therapeutic; pathogen type--bacterial or viral). Perhaps, this inconsistency in the effect of IgY at the individual study level and overall effect measures could be influenced by the methodological heterogeneity. CONCLUSION The present systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis demonstrated the beneficial effect of IgY. This supports the opinion that IgY is useful for prophylaxis and treatment. However, more intensive studies using the gold standard animal experiments with the focus to use IgY alone or in combination with other alternative strategies are indispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirumalai Diraviyam
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruediger Schade
- Institute of Pharmacology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonysamy Michael
- PSG College of Arts and Science, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Diraviyam T, Zhao B, Wang Y, Schade R, Michael A, Zhang X. Effect of chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) against diarrhea in domesticated animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97716. [PMID: 24846286 PMCID: PMC4028221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgY antibodies are serum immunoglobulin in birds, reptiles and amphibians, and are transferred from serum to egg yolk to confer passive immunity to their embryos and offspring. Currently, the oral passive immunization using chicken IgY has been focused as an alternative to antibiotics for the treatment and control of diarrhea in animals and humans. This systematic review was focused to determine the effect of IgY in controlling and preventing diarrhea in domesticated animals including Piglets, Mice, Poultry and Calves. METHODS AND RESULTS Previous research reports focused on treatment effect of Chicken IgY against diarrhea were retrieved from different electronic data bases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPRINGER-LINK, WILEY, AGRICOLA, MEDWELL Journals, Scientific Publish, Chinese articles from Core periodicals in 2012). A total of 61 studies in 4 different animal classes met the inclusion criteria. Data on study characteristics and outcome measures were extracted. The pooled relative risk (RR) of 49 studies of different animals [Piglets--22; Mice--14; Poultry--7 and Calves--6] in meta-analyses revealed that, IgY significantly reduced the risk of diarrhea in treatment group when compare to the placebo. However, the 95% confidence intervals of the majority of studies in animal class piglets and calves embrace RR of one. The same results were obtained in sub group analyses (treatment regiment--prophylactic or therapeutic; pathogen type--bacterial or viral). Perhaps, this inconsistency in the effect of IgY at the individual study level and overall effect measures could be influenced by the methodological heterogeneity. CONCLUSION The present systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis demonstrated the beneficial effect of IgY. This supports the opinion that IgY is useful for prophylaxis and treatment. However, more intensive studies using the gold standard animal experiments with the focus to use IgY alone or in combination with other alternative strategies are indispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirumalai Diraviyam
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruediger Schade
- Institute of Pharmacology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonysamy Michael
- PSG College of Arts and Science, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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scFv antibodies against infectious bursal disease virus isolated from a combinatorial antibody library by flow cytometry. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 36:1029-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1463-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gole V, Chousalkar K, Roberts J. Prevalence of antibodies to Mycoplasma synoviae in laying hens and possible effects on egg shell quality. Prev Vet Med 2012; 106:75-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tobias FL, Garcia LNN, Kanashiro MM, Medina-Acosta E, Brom-de-Luna JG, de Almeida CMC, Azevedo Junior RR, Lemos M, Vieira-da-Motta O. Growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli strains by neutralizing IgY antibodies from ostrich egg yolk. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:544-51. [PMID: 24031862 PMCID: PMC3768849 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822012000200015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ostrich raising around the world have some key factors and farming profit depend largely on information and ability of farmers to rear these animals. Non fertilized eggs from ostriches are discharged in the reproduction season. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are microorganisms involved in animal and human diseases. In order to optimize the use of sub products of ostrich raising, non fertilized eggs of four selected birds were utilized for development of polyclonal IgY antibodies. The birds were immunized (200ug/animal) with purified recombinant staphylococcal enterotoxin C (recSEC) and synthetic recRAP, both derived from S. aureus, and recBFPA and recEspB involved in E. coli pathogenicity, diluted in FCA injected in the braquial muscle. Two subsequent immunization steps with 21 days intervals were repeated in 0,85% saline in FIA. Blood and eggs samples were collected before and after immunization steps. Egg yolk immunoglobulins were purified by precipitation with 19% sodium sulfate and 20% ammonium sulphate methodologies. Purified IgY 50μL aliquots were incubated in 850μL BHI broth containing 50μL inoculums of five strains of S. aureus and five strains of E.coli during four hours at 37°C. Growth inhibition was evaluated followed by photometry reading (DO550nm). Egg yolk IgY preparation from hiperimmunized birds contained antibodies that inhibited significantly (p<0,05) growth of strains tested. Potential use of ostrich IgY polyclonal antibodies as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool is proposed for diseased animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Luiz Tobias
- Laboratório de Sanidade Animal, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense , Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ , Brasil ; Universidade Vila Velha , Vila Velha, ES , Brasil
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Wang Q, Hou XJ, Cai K, Li T, Liu YN, Tu W, Xiao L, Bao SZ, Shi J, Gao X, Liu H, Tian RM, Wang H. Passive protection of purified yolk immunoglobulin administered against Shiga toxin 1 in mouse models. Can J Microbiol 2011; 56:1003-10. [PMID: 21164570 DOI: 10.1139/w10-087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Shiga toxins produced by Escherichia coli O157:H7 cause a wide spectrum of enteric diseases, such as lethal hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. In this study, the B subunit protein of Shiga toxin type 1 (Stx1) was produced in the E. coli system, was further purified by Ni-column Affinity Chromatography method, and was then used as an immunogen to immunize laying hens for yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) production. Titers of IgY increased gradually with boosting vaccination and, finally, reached a level of 105, remaining steady over 1 year. Then the protective efficacy of IgY against Stx1 was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. It was shown that the anti-Stx1 IgY could effectively block the binding of Stx1 to the Hela cells and could protect BALB/c mice from toxin challenges. The data indicates the facility of using egg yolk IgY as a therapeutic intervention in cases of Shiga toxin intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, No. 20 Dongdajie, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, People's Republic of China
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Ye CL, Yang ZB, Huang W, Mao XQ, Zhang SL, Huang J. Preparation of egg yolk immunoglubin against recombinant vacuolating cytotoxin A- Helicobacter pylori adhesin A in Helicobacter pylori. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2006; 14:2186-2191. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v14.i22.2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To prepare a highly specific and efficient egg yolk immunoglubin (IgY) against recombinant vacuolating cytotoxin A-Helicobacter pylori adhesin A (VacA-HpaA) from the yolk of hen's eggs.
METHODS: Recombinant bacteria of pQE30-VacA-HpaA-DH5α was cultured in large numbers to get VacA-HpaA fusion protein. The recombinant protein was purified by Ni2+-NTA column chromatography and used to immunize the hens. The VacA-HpaA IgY was extracted from the yolk of hen's eggs by water-dilution methods. In order to evaluate the relationship between IgY titer and immune time, the titer of IgY was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IgY was purified and concentrated by deposition technique with ammonium sulfate. The purity of IgY was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, and protein content of IgY was checked by Bradford method. The specificities of VacA-HpaA IgY to the antigens of VacA and HpaA were identified by Western blotting.
RESULTS: The recombinant protein was mainly expressed as inclusion body. The content of fusion protein was 0.72 g/L. VacA-HpaA IgY from eggs' yolk of hens immunized with the fusion protein could react with the fusion protein. The titer of VacA-HpaA IgY was increased with the immune time. After purification and concentration, the purity of VacA-HpaA IgY was about 60%; the titer was 1∶128 000; And the concentration of IgY was 22 g/L. Western blot exhibited the protein bands with molecular weight of 27 000 and 30 `000. The titer of VacA-HpaA IgY to VacA and HpaA were 1∶3200 and 1∶6400 (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: VacA-HpaA-IgY with high concentration, purity, and specificity is successfully prepared.
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