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Otto AC, Gan-Schreier H, Zhu X, Tuma-Kellner S, Staffer S, Ganzha A, Liebisch G, Chamulitrat W. Group VIA phospholipase A2 deficiency in mice chronically fed with high-fat-diet attenuates hepatic steatosis by correcting a defect of phospholipid remodeling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:662-676. [PMID: 30735855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A defect of hepatic remodeling of phospholipids (PL) is seen in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis (NASH) indicating pivotal role of PL metabolism in this disease. The deletion of group VIA calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPla2β) protects ob/ob mice from hepatic steatosis (BBAlip 1861, 2016, 440-461), however its role in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NASH is still elusive. Here, wild-type and iPla2β-null mice were subjected to chronic feeding with HFD for 6 months. We showed that protection was observed in iPla2β-null mice with an attenuation of diet-induced body and liver-weight gains, liver enzymes, serum free fatty acids as well as hepatic TG and steatosis scores. iPla2β deficiency under HFD attenuated the levels of 1-stearoyl lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), and lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) as well as elevation of hepatic arachidonate, arachidonate-containing cholesterol esters and prostaglandin E2. More importantly, this deficiency rescued a defect in PL remodeling and attenuated the ratio of saturated and unsaturated PL. The protection by iPla2β deficiency was not observed during short-term HFD feeding of 3 or 5 weeks which showed no PL remodeling defect. In addition to PC/PE, this deficiency reversed the suppression of PC/PI and PE/PI among monounsaturated PL. However, this deficiency did not modulate hepatic PL contents and PL ratios in ER fractions, ER stress, fibrosis, and inflammation markers. Hence, iPla2β inactivation protected mice against hepatic steatosis and obesity during chronic dietary NASH by correcting PL remodeling defect and PI composition relative to PC and PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Christin Otto
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hongying Gan-Schreier
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xingya Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Tuma-Kellner
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Staffer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Ganzha
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Walee Chamulitrat
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Wan J, Hu S, Jacoby JJ, Liu J, Zhang Y, Yu LL. The impact of dietary sn-2 palmitic triacylglycerols in combination with docosahexaenoic acid or arachidonic acid on lipid metabolism and host faecal microbiota composition in Sprague Dawley rats. Food Funct 2017; 8:1793-1802. [PMID: 28443847 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00094d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sn-2 palmitic acid triacylglycerols (sn2PA fat) and polyunsaturated fatty acids are thought to influence the metabolic status and intestinal bacterial population of the host. In this study, the impact of sn2PA fat in combination with DHA or ARA in the diet on lipid metabolism in the liver and faecal microbiota composition were investigated in rats fed diets containing sn2PA fat, 90% sn2PA fat + 10% DHA oil (wt%), or 90% sn2PA fat + 10% ARA oil (wt%). Tissue fatty acid composition was measured using gas chromatography (GC), whereas the faecal microbial composition was assessed using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. In addition, faecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were analyzed using ion chromatography. The results showed that sn2PA fat in combination with DHA or ARA significantly reduced liver triacylglyceride (TG) content compared with the sn2PA fat only group. Moreover, the supplementation with sn2PA fat in combination with DHA or ARA significantly promoted the growth of Lactobacillus in the feces at the genus level. On the other hand, the growth of the opportunistic pathogen Desulfovibrio was significantly inhibited by sn2PA fat in combination with ARA compared with the sn2PA fat group. In addition, sn2PA fat in combination with DHA or ARA significantly increased total SCFA concentration in the faeces, suggesting a beneficial effect on host intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchun Wan
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
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4
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Li Y, Zhao F, Wu Q, Li M, Zhu Y, Song S, Zhu J, Ma Y, Li H, Shi X, Xu X, Zhou G, Li C. Fish oil diet may reduce inflammatory levels in the liver of middle-aged rats. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6241. [PMID: 28740245 PMCID: PMC5524965 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of dietary soybean oil, lard and fish oil on physiological responses in middle age is little studied. In this study, we investigated the changes of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, telomere length, and age-related gene expression in the liver of middle-aged rats in response to the above three fat diets. Male Sprague Dawley rats (12 months old) were fed AIN-93M diets for 3 months, in which soybean oil was equivalently replaced by lard or fish oil. As compared to the lard diet, intake of fish oil diet significantly decreased body weight gain, white blood cell count, and levels of hepatic triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, fat accumulation, low-density lipoprotein, oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.05), but increased telomere length (P < 0.05). On the other hand, lard diet and soybean oil diet showed great similarity in the above variables. PCR array analysis further indicated that fish oil diet significantly down-regulated gene expression related to inflammatory response, apoptosis, DNA binding, proteostasis and telomere attrition. Differentially expressed genes were enriched in the complement and coagulation cascades pathways. Such physiological and molecular responses could be due to different fatty acid composition in fish oil, lard and soybean oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
- Guangxi Vocational College of Technology and Business, Nanning, 530008, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Qiayu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Shangxin Song
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
- School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yafang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xuebin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xinglian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China.
| | - Chunbao Li
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiangsu Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China.
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Monteiro J, Leslie M, Moghadasian MH, Arendt BM, Allard JP, Ma DWL. The role of n - 6 and n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the manifestation of the metabolic syndrome in cardiovascular disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Funct 2014; 5:426-35. [PMID: 24496399 DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60551e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are manifestations of the metabolic syndrome. CVD remains the number one cause of mortality in the West, while NAFLD is the most common liver disease. Growing evidence suggests that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) influence risk factors including circulating lipids and inflammation on the development of CVD and NAFLD. N - 6 and n - 3 PUFA are comprised of distinct family members, which are increasingly recognized for their individual effects. Therefore, this review examines what is currently known about the specific effects of the major n - 3 and n - 6 PUFA on CVD and NAFLD. Overall, this review supports a beneficial effect of n - 3 PUFA and highlights distinctive effects between alpha-linolenic acid found in plant oils relative to marine derived eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. This review also highlights contrasting health effects between the n - 6 PUFA, linoleic and arachidonic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Monteiro
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Science, 491 Gordon Street, University of Guelph, Animal Science/Nutrition Building, Room 342, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Balogun KA, Randunu RS, Cheema SK. The effect of dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma lipids and lipoproteins of C57BL/6 mice is age and sex specific. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2014; 91:39-47. [PMID: 24935799 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
There is clear evidence of the effects of sex and age on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the interactions of dietary omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), sex, and age on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in the offspring of C57BL/6 mice exposed to high, medium, or low n-3 PUFA at weaning and 16 weeks postweaning. There was an increase in plasma triglycerides from weaning to 16 weeks in male and female offspring; however, the high n-3 PUFA group showed a reduction in triglycerides in both sexes at 16 weeks. High n-3 PUFA caused an increase in plasma LDL-cholesterol from weaning to 16 weeks in male offspring; however, the LDL particle size was significantly larger in the high n-3 PUFA group. Plasma from male mice showed higher cholesterol efflux compared to females; high n-3 PUFA increased cholesterol efflux. Thus the effects of n-3 PUFA are age and sex dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John׳s, NL, Canada
| | - R S Randunu
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John׳s, NL, Canada
| | - S K Cheema
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John׳s, NL, Canada.
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7
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de Sousa IF, de Souza AP, Andrade IS, Boldarine VT, Nascimento CMO, Oyama LM, Telles MM, Ribeiro EB. Effect of fish oil intake on glucose levels in rat prefrontal cortex, as measured by microdialysis. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:188. [PMID: 24369745 PMCID: PMC3880162 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Brain glucose sensing may contribute to energy homeostasis control. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) participates in the hedonic component of feeding control. As high-fat diets may disrupt energy homeostasis, we evaluated in male Wistar rats whether intake of high-fat fish-oil diet modified cortical glucose extracellular levels and the feeding induced by intracerebroventricular glucose or PFC glucoprivation. Methods Glucose levels in PFC microdialysates were measured before and after a 30-min meal. Food intake was measured in animals receiving intracerebroventricular glucose followed, 30-min. later, by 2-deoxy-D-glucose injected into the PFC. Results The fish-oil group showed normal body weight and serum insulin while fat pads weight and glucose levels were increased. Baseline PFC glucose and 30-min. carbohydrates intake were similar between the groups. Feeding-induced PFC glucose levels increased earlier and more pronouncedly in fish-oil than in control rats. Intracerebroventricular glucose inhibited feeding consistently in the control but not in the fish-oil group. Local PFC glucoprivation with 2-DG attenuated glucose-induced hypophagia. Conclusions The present experiments have shown that, following food intake, more glucose reached the prefrontal cortex of the rats fed the high-fat fish-oil diet than of the rats fed the control diet. However, when administered directly into the lateral cerebral ventricle, glucose was able to consistently inhibit feeding only in the control rats. The findings indicate that, an impairment of glucose transport into the brain does not contribute to the disturbances induced by the high-fat fish-oil feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eliane B Ribeiro
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Rua Botucatu, n° 862 - 2° andar, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil.
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