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Shu J, Wang X, Yang X, Zhao G. ATM inhibitor KU60019 synergistically sensitizes lung cancer cells to topoisomerase II poisons by multiple mechanisms. Sci Rep 2023; 13:882. [PMID: 36650267 PMCID: PMC9845372 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28185-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II topoisomerases (TOP2) poisons represent one class of the most successful and widely prescribed chemotherapeutics, which is frontline therapy for a myriad of systemic cancers and solid tumors, including lymphomas, leukemias, and lung cancer. Despite this, treatment with this class of drugs induces unwanted side effects (including cardiovascular morbidity and secondary malignancies). Additionally, the emergence of drug resistance also greatly compromises the clinical use of these drugs. To enhance therapeutic efficiency while lowering unwanted side effects, new insights into effective combination therapy are required. In this study we found that KU60019, a novel, and highly specific ATM kinase inhibitor interferes with the association of ATM with TOP2β and stabilizes TOP2β-DNA cleavage complex, thereby impairing the repair of TOP2 poison-induced DSBs and contributes to genome stability, leading to accelerated cell death. In H1299 as well as in A549 lung cancer cell lines, biologically, KU60019 combined with VP-16 (one of the TOP2 poisons) synergistically suppressed the growth of cells and survival and triggered a much higher apoptosis rate. In summary, we provide a proof-of-concept strategy that ATM inhibitors combined with TOP2 poison would synergistically suppresses lung cancer cell survival as well as reduce DNA damage responses, thus may lowering the possibility of cardiotoxicity and secondary malignancy linked to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Shu
- HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Xibei Road, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Xibei Road, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuejie Yang
- HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Xibei Road, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guofang Zhao
- HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Xibei Road, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China.
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Cowell IG, Austin CA. DNA fragility at the KMT2A/ MLL locus: insights from old and new technologies. Open Biol 2023; 13:220232. [PMID: 36629017 PMCID: PMC9832561 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mixed-Lineage Leukaemia (MLL/KMT2A) gene is frequently rearranged in childhood and adult acute leukaemia (AL) and in secondary leukaemias occurring after therapy with DNA topoisomerase targeting anti-cancer agents such as etoposide (t-AL). MLL/KMT2A chromosome translocation break sites in AL patients fall within an 8 kb breakpoint cluster region (BCR). Furthermore, MLL/KMT2A break sites in t-AL frequently occur in a much smaller region, or hotspot, towards the 3' end of the BCR, close to the intron 11/exon 12 boundary. These findings have prompted considerable effort to uncover mechanisms behind the apparent fragility of the BCR and particularly the t-AL hotspot. Recent genome-wide analyses have demonstrated etoposide-induced DNA cleavage within the BCR, and it is tempting to conclude that this cleavage explains the distribution of translocation break sites in t-AL. However, the t-AL hotspot and the centre of the observed preferential DNA cleavage are offset by over 250 nucleotides, suggesting additional factors contribute to the distribution of t-AL break sites. We review these recent genomic datasets along with older experimental results, analysis of TOP2 DNA cleavage site preferences and DNA secondary structure features that may lead to break site selection in t-AL MLL/KMT2A translocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian G. Cowell
- Biosciences Institute, The Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Caroline A. Austin
- Biosciences Institute, The Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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Elton TS, Ozer HG, Yalowich JC. Effects of DNA topoisomerase IIα splice variants on acquired drug resistance. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2020; 3:161-170. [PMID: 32566920 PMCID: PMC7304410 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerase IIα (170 kDa, TOP2α/170) induces transient DNA double-strand breaks in proliferating cells to resolve DNA topological entanglements during chromosome condensation, replication, and segregation. Therefore, TOP2α/170 is a prominent target for anticancer drugs whose clinical efficacy is often compromised due to chemoresistance. Although many resistance mechanisms have been defined, acquired resistance of human cancer cell lines to TOP2α interfacial inhibitors/poisons is frequently associated with a reduction of Top2α/170 expression levels. Recent studies by our laboratory, in conjunction with earlier findings by other investigators, support the hypothesis that a major mechanism of acquired resistance to TOP2α-targeted drugs is due to alternative RNA processing/splicing. Specifically, several TOP2α mRNA splice variants have been reported which retain introns and are translated into truncated TOP2α isoforms lacking nuclear localization sequences and subsequent dysregulated nuclear-cytoplasmic disposition. In addition, intron retention can lead to truncated isoforms that lack both nuclear localization sequences and the active site tyrosine (Tyr805) necessary for forming enzyme-DNA covalent complexes and inducing DNA damage in the presence of TOP2α-targeted drugs. Ultimately, these truncated TOP2α isoforms result in decreased drug activity against TOP2α in the nucleus and manifest drug resistance. Therefore, the complete characterization of the mechanism(s) regulating the alternative RNA processing of TOP2α pre-mRNA may result in new strategies to circumvent acquired drug resistance. Additionally, novel TOP2α splice variants and truncated TOP2α isoforms may be useful as biomarkers for drug resistance, prognosis, and/or direct future TOP2α-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry S Elton
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hatice Gulcin Ozer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jack C Yalowich
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Canela A, Maman Y, Huang SYN, Wutz G, Tang W, Zagnoli-Vieira G, Callen E, Wong N, Day A, Peters JM, Caldecott KW, Pommier Y, Nussenzweig A. Topoisomerase II-Induced Chromosome Breakage and Translocation Is Determined by Chromosome Architecture and Transcriptional Activity. Mol Cell 2019; 75:252-266.e8. [PMID: 31202577 PMCID: PMC8170508 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Topoisomerase II (TOP2) relieves torsional stress by forming transient cleavage complex intermediates (TOP2ccs) that contain TOP2-linked DNA breaks (DSBs). While TOP2ccs are normally reversible, they can be "trapped" by chemotherapeutic drugs such as etoposide and subsequently converted into irreversible TOP2-linked DSBs. Here, we have quantified etoposide-induced trapping of TOP2ccs, their conversion into irreversible TOP2-linked DSBs, and their processing during DNA repair genome-wide, as a function of time. We find that while TOP2 chromatin localization and trapping is independent of transcription, it requires pre-existing binding of cohesin to DNA. In contrast, the conversion of trapped TOP2ccs to irreversible DSBs during DNA repair is accelerated 2-fold at transcribed loci relative to non-transcribed loci. This conversion is dependent on proteasomal degradation and TDP2 phosphodiesterase activity. Quantitative modeling shows that only two features of pre-existing chromatin structure-namely, cohesin binding and transcriptional activity-can be used to predict the kinetics of TOP2-induced DSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Canela
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yaakov Maman
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shar-Yin N Huang
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gordana Wutz
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wen Tang
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Guido Zagnoli-Vieira
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Elsa Callen
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nancy Wong
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amanda Day
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jan-Michael Peters
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Keith W Caldecott
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK; Department of Genome Dynamics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, 4, Czech Republic
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - André Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Swanston A, Zabrady K, Ferreira HC. The ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling enzyme Uls1 prevents Topoisomerase II poisoning. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:6172-6183. [PMID: 31106359 PMCID: PMC6614809 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Topoisomerase II (Top2) is an essential enzyme that decatenates DNA via a transient Top2-DNA covalent intermediate. This intermediate can be stabilized by a class of drugs termed Top2 poisons, resulting in massive DNA damage. Thus, Top2 activity is a double-edged sword that needs to be carefully controlled to maintain genome stability. We show that Uls1, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent chromatin remodelling (Snf2) enzyme, can alter Top2 chromatin binding and prevent Top2 poisoning in yeast. Deletion mutants of ULS1 are hypersensitive to the Top2 poison acriflavine (ACF), activating the DNA damage checkpoint. We map Uls1's Top2 interaction domain and show that this, together with its ATPase activity, is essential for Uls1 function. By performing ChIP-seq, we show that ACF leads to a general increase in Top2 binding across the genome. We map Uls1 binding sites and identify tRNA genes as key regions where Uls1 associates after ACF treatment. Importantly, the presence of Uls1 at these sites prevents ACF-dependent Top2 accumulation. Our data reveal the effect of Top2 poisons on the global Top2 binding landscape and highlights the role of Uls1 in antagonizing Top2 function. Remodelling Top2 binding is thus an important new means by which Snf2 enzymes promote genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Swanston
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Katerina Zabrady
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Helder C Ferreira
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
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6
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The global clonal complexity of the murine blood system declines throughout life and after serial transplantation. Blood 2019; 133:1927-1942. [PMID: 30782612 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-09-873059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many recent studies describe the emergence and prevalence of "clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential" in aged human populations, a systematic analysis of the numbers of clones supporting steady-state hematopoiesis throughout mammalian life is lacking. Previous efforts relied on transplantation of "barcoded" hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to track the contribution of HSC clones to reconstituted blood. However, ex vivo manipulation and transplantation alter HSC function and thus may not reflect the biology of steady-state hematopoiesis. Using a noninvasive in vivo color-labeling system, we report the first comprehensive analysis of the changing global clonal complexity of steady-state hematopoiesis during the natural murine lifespan. We observed that the number of clones (ie, clonal complexity) supporting the major blood and bone marrow hematopoietic compartments decline with age by ∼30% and ∼60%, respectively. Aging dramatically reduced HSC in vivo-repopulating activity and lymphoid potential while increasing functional heterogeneity. Continuous challenge of the hematopoietic system by serial transplantation provoked the clonal collapse of both young and aged hematopoietic systems. Whole-exome sequencing of serially transplanted aged and young hematopoietic clones confirmed oligoclonal hematopoiesis and revealed mutations in at least 27 genes, including nonsense, missense, and deletion mutations in Bcl11b, Hist1h2ac, Npy2r, Notch3, Ptprr, and Top2b.
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Austin CA, Lee KC, Swan RL, Khazeem MM, Manville CM, Cridland P, Treumann A, Porter A, Morris NJ, Cowell IG. TOP2B: The First Thirty Years. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092765. [PMID: 30223465 PMCID: PMC6163646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type II DNA topoisomerases (EC 5.99.1.3) are enzymes that catalyse topological changes in DNA in an ATP dependent manner. Strand passage reactions involve passing one double stranded DNA duplex (transported helix) through a transient enzyme-bridged break in another (gated helix). This activity is required for a range of cellular processes including transcription. Vertebrates have two isoforms: topoisomerase IIα and β. Topoisomerase IIβ was first reported in 1987. Here we review the research on DNA topoisomerase IIβ over the 30 years since its discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Austin
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Ka C Lee
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Rebecca L Swan
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Mushtaq M Khazeem
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Catriona M Manville
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Peter Cridland
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Achim Treumann
- NUPPA, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Andrew Porter
- NUPPA, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Nick J Morris
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Ian G Cowell
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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Yue ZX, Gao RQ, Gao C, Liu SG, Zhao XX, Xing TY, Niu J, Li ZG, Zheng HY, Ding W. The prognostic potential of coilin in association with p27 expression in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia for disease relapse. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:106. [PMID: 30065619 PMCID: PMC6062948 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0600-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cajal body (CB) is a nucleic organelle where small nuclear ribonucleoproteins undergo modification, maturation, splicing and/or assembly. Coilin is the marker structural protein of CBs. The expression level and cellular localization of coilin is sensitive to chemotherapeutic reagents, such as cisplatin. The gene of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27) is located with a high incidence translocation region of leukemic chromosomes, and its expression was of prognosis values in a variety of adult leukemia types. The exact profile and associated functions of coilin, as well as p27, in children’s acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is obscure. Methods Bone marrow samples from 144 patients with ALL were collected. The expression levels of coilin and p27 were detected by qRT-PCR. The patient cohort was divided into low and high groups of coilin and p27 respectively. The prognosis and clinicobiological characteristics of different groups were investigated, especially focused on the treatment outcome. Leukemia cells of Reh or RS4;11 were exposed to different concentrations of DNR, prior to the detection for morphological changes of coilin by immunofluorescence. In Reh cells, lentivirus sh-coilin was used to silence coilin expression. Western blotting was used to detect coilin and p27 expression; flow cytometry was used for cell cycle and apoptosis assay; MTS method was used for measuring cell viability to examine the drug sensitivity of DNR. Results In this study, we found that daunorubicin was able to induce significant morphological changes of CBs in Reh and RS4;11 cells. Knockdown the expression of coilin increased the sensitivity to daunorubicin and inhibited the expression of p27 in Reh cells, and led to increased apoptosis. Importantly, not only the levels of coilin and p27 mRNA expression at initial diagnosis ALL children are markedly higher than those at complete remission (CR), but also both coilin and p27 expression in the relapsed patients was observed significantly higher comparing to the continuous CR patients. The 4-year EFS and RFS indicated that low levels of both coilin and p27 group favored better prognosis (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our results indicated that consideration of coilin and p27 levels could be a prognostic reference for predicting the outcome of pediatric ALL patients, especially for disease recurrence. Reduction of coilin expression was sufficient to increase the sensitivity of leukemic cells to daunorubicin treatments, and during which possibly involved functions of p27 in cell cycle regulation and its effects on cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xia Yue
- 1Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Rui-Qi Gao
- 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Chao Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Shu-Guang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Xiao-Xi Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Tian-Yu Xing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Jing Niu
- 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China.,4Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis Research, Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Zhi-Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, Hematology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Hu-Yong Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Wei Ding
- 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China.,4Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis Research, Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
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Piredda ML, Catalano G, Ciardi C, Divona M, Cicconi L, Panetta P, Curzi P, Garza E, Martínez-Losada C, Postorino M, Lo-Coco F, Noguera NI. Identification of a potential topoisomerase II "hotspot" DNA region in the DEK gene in two t(6;9)-positive therapy-related myeloid neoplasms. Ann Hematol 2017; 96:155-157. [PMID: 27734129 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-016-2843-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics
- DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/chemically induced
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins
- Topoisomerase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Translocation, Genetic/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Liliana Piredda
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncoematology, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Catalano
- Department of Biomedicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Laura Cicconi
- Department of Biomedicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Eduardo Garza
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncoematology, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Laboratorios Dr. Moreira, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Carmen Martínez-Losada
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncoematology, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Alfonso Martin Escudero Foundation, Madrid, Spain
| | - Massimiliano Postorino
- Department of Biomedicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Lo-Coco
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncoematology, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Nélida I Noguera
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncoematology, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Biomedicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Pommier Y, Sun Y, Huang SYN, Nitiss JL. Roles of eukaryotic topoisomerases in transcription, replication and genomic stability. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2016; 17:703-721. [DOI: 10.1038/nrm.2016.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 540] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Lu C, Liu X, Liu C, Wang J, Li C, Liu Q, Li Y, Li S, Sun S, Yan J, Shao J. Chlorpyrifos Induces MLL Translocations Through Caspase 3-Dependent Genomic Instability and Topoisomerase II Inhibition in Human Fetal Liver Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Toxicol Sci 2015. [PMID: 26198043 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Household pesticide exposure during pregnancy has been associated with a more than 2-fold increased risk in infant leukemia, and chlorpyrifos (CPF) is among the most frequently applied insecticides. During early fetal development, liver is a hematopoietic organ with majority of cells being CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells (CD34(+)HSC). The in utero injury to CD34(+)HSC has been known to underlie the pathogenesis of several blood disorders, often involving rearrangements of the mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene on 11q23. In this study, we evaluated the leukemogenic potential of CPF in human fetal liver-derived CD34(+)HSC. Specifically, exposure to 10 μM CPF led to decrease in viability, inhibition in proliferation and induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and occurrence of MLL(+) rearrangements. In particular, we observed CPF-mediated cell cycle disturbance as shown by G0/G1 arrest, in contrast to etoposide (VP-16), an anticancer drug used as a positive control and known to induce G2/M arrest. Further study on mechanisms underlying DNA DSBs and MLL(+) rearrangements revealed that CPF might act as topoisomerase II poison, a mechanism of action similar to VP-16. On the other hand, CPF was also shown to induce early apoptosis through active caspase-3 activation, a pathway known to underlie DNA DSBs and MLL(+) translocations. Our data indicate that in utero injury of CD34(+)HSC by CPF may contribute to the increased risk of infant leukemia. Future work will elucidate the mechanism and the type of CPF-induced MLL(+) translocations in HSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengquan Lu
- *Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University. Dalian, Liaoning, China 116044
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- *Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University. Dalian, Liaoning, China 116044
| | - Chang Liu
- *Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University. Dalian, Liaoning, China 116044
| | - Jian Wang
- *Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University. Dalian, Liaoning, China 116044
| | - Chunna Li
- *Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University. Dalian, Liaoning, China 116044
| | - Qi Liu
- *Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University. Dalian, Liaoning, China 116044
| | - Yachen Li
- *Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University. Dalian, Liaoning, China 116044
| | - Shuangyue Li
- *Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University. Dalian, Liaoning, China 116044
| | - Shu Sun
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Care Service Center of Dalian, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, China
| | - Jinsong Yan
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Hematology of the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Institute of Stem Cell Transplantation of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, China
| | - Jing Shao
- *Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University. Dalian, Liaoning, China 116044;
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Regal KM, Mercer SL, Deweese JE. HU-331 is a catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerase IIα. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 27:2044-51. [PMID: 25409338 DOI: 10.1021/tx500245m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Topoisomerases are essential enzymes that are involved in DNA metabolism. Topoisomerase II generates transient DNA strand breaks that are stabilized by anticancer drugs, such as doxorubicin, causing an accumulation of DNA damage. However, doxorubicin causes cardiac toxicity and, like etoposide and other topoisomerase II-targeted agents, can induce DNA damage, resulting in secondary cancers. The cannabinoid quinone HU-331 has been identified as a potential anticancer drug that demonstrates more potency in cancer cells with less off-target toxicity than that of doxorubicin. Reports indicate that HU-331 does not promote cell death via apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, caspase activation, or DNA strand breaks. However, the precise mechanism of action is poorly understood. We employed biochemical assays to study the mechanism of action of HU-331 against purified topoisomerase IIα. These assays examined DNA binding, cleavage, ligation, relaxation, and ATPase activities of topoisomerase IIα. Our results demonstrate that HU-331 inhibits topoisomerase IIα-mediated DNA relaxation at micromolar levels. We find that HU-331 does not induce DNA strand breaks in vitro. When added prior to the DNA substrate, HU-331 blocks DNA cleavage and relaxation activities of topoisomerase IIα in a redox-sensitive manner. The action of HU-331 can be blocked, but not reversed, by the presence of dithiothreitol. Our results also show that HU-331 inhibits the ATPase activity of topoisomerase IIα using a noncompetitive mechanism. Preliminary binding studies also indicate that HU-331 decreases the ability of topoisomerase IIα to bind DNA. In summary, HU-331 inhibits relaxation activity without poisoning DNA cleavage. This action is sensitive to reducing agents and appears to involve noncompetitive inhibition of the ATPase activity and possibly inhibition of DNA binding. These studies provide a promising foundation for the exploration of HU-331 as a catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerase IIα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie M Regal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences , Nashville, Tennessee 37204-3951, United States
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Papantonis A, Cook PR. Transcription factories: genome organization and gene regulation. Chem Rev 2013; 113:8683-705. [PMID: 23597155 DOI: 10.1021/cr300513p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Argyris Papantonis
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
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