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Dagenais-Lussier X, Loucif H, Cadorel H, Blumberger J, Isnard S, Bego MG, Cohen ÉA, Routy JP, van Grevenynghe J. USP18 is a significant driver of memory CD4 T-cell reduced viability caused by type I IFN signaling during primary HIV-1 infection. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1008060. [PMID: 31658294 PMCID: PMC6837632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss of Memory CD4 T-cells (Mem) is a major hallmark of HIV-1 immuno-pathogenesis and occurs early during the first months of primary infection. A lot of effort has been put into understanding the molecular mechanisms behind this loss, yet they still have not been fully identified. In this study, we unveil the unreported role of USP18 in the deleterious effects of sustained type I IFN signaling on Mem, including HIV-1-specific CD4 T-cells. We find that interfering with IFN-I signaling pathway in infected patients, notably by targeting the interferon-stimulated gene USP18, resulted in reduced PTEN expression similar to those observed in uninfected control donors. We show that AKT activation in response to cytokine treatment, T-cell receptor (TcR) triggering, as well as HIV-1 Gag stimulation was significantly improved in infected patients when PTEN or USP18 were inhibited. Finally, our data demonstrate that higher USP18 in Mem from infected patients prevent proper cell survival and long-lasting maintenance in an AKT-dependent manner. Altogether, we establish a direct role for type I IFN/USP18 signaling in the maintenance of total and virus-specific Mem and provide a new mechanism for the reduced survival of these populations during primary HIV-1 infection. In this study, we expend our knowledge of how type I interferons (IFN-I) leads to memory CD4 T-cell defective survival by unveiling the molecular mechanism behind such impairments, placing USP18 at its center. Our data further deciphers the specific USP18-related mechanism that is responsible for such impairments by implicating AKT inhibition in a PTEN-dependent manner. Our findings also point to a potential use of neutralizing anti-interferon α/β receptor antibodies to rescue the defective memory CD4 T-cell survival during HIV-1 infection, even in HIV-1 specific CD4 T-cell. To conclude, our findings provide the characterization of the molecular pathway leading to disturbances caused by sustained IFN-I signaling which occurs early during primary HIV-1 infection, complementing current knowledge which placed sustained IFN-I signaling as detrimental to the host during this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Dagenais-Lussier
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS)-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Hamza Loucif
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS)-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Hugo Cadorel
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS)-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Juliette Blumberger
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS)-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Isnard
- Chronic Viral Illness Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Glen site, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mariana Gé Bego
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Éric A. Cohen
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illness Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Glen site, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Julien van Grevenynghe
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS)-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Sustained IFN-I Expression during Established Persistent Viral Infection: A "Bad Seed" for Protective Immunity. Viruses 2017; 10:v10010012. [PMID: 29301196 PMCID: PMC5795425 DOI: 10.3390/v10010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-I) are one of the primary immune defenses against viruses. Similar to all other molecular mechanisms that are central to eliciting protective immune responses, IFN-I expression is subject to homeostatic controls that regulate cytokine levels upon clearing the infection. However, in the case of established persistent viral infection, sustained elevation of IFN-I expression bears deleterious effects to the host and is today considered as the major driver of inflammation and immunosuppression. In fact, numerous emerging studies place sustained IFN-I expression as a common nexus in the pathogenesis of multiple chronic diseases including persistent infections with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), as well as the rodent-borne lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus clone 13 (LCMV clone 13). In this review, we highlight recent studies illustrating the molecular dysregulation and resultant cellular dysfunction in both innate and adaptive immune responses driven by sustained IFN-I expression. Here, we place particular emphasis on the efficacy of IFN-I receptor (IFNR) blockade towards improving immune responses against viral infections given the emerging therapeutic approach of blocking IFNR using neutralizing antibodies (Abs) in chronically infected patients.
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Mizraji G, Nassar M, Segev H, Sharawi H, Eli-Berchoer L, Capucha T, Nir T, Tabib Y, Maimon A, Dishon S, Shapira L, Nussbaum G, Wilensky A, Hovav AH. Porphyromonas gingivalis Promotes Unrestrained Type I Interferon Production by Dysregulating TAM Signaling via MYD88 Degradation. Cell Rep 2017; 18:419-431. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Snell LM, Brooks DG. New insights into type I interferon and the immunopathogenesis of persistent viral infections. Curr Opin Immunol 2015; 34:91-8. [PMID: 25771184 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Most viruses generate potent T cell responses that rapidly control infection. However, certain viruses can subvert the immune response to establish persistent infections. The inability to clear virus induces an immunosuppressive program leading to the sustained expression of many immunoregulatory molecules that down-regulate T cell responses. Further, viral persistence is associated with multiple immune dysfunctions including lymphoid disorganization, defective antigen presentation, aberrant B cell responses and hypergammaglobulinemia. Although best known for its antiviral activity, recent data has highlighted the role of type I IFN (IFN-I) signaling as a central mediator of immunosuppression during viral persistence. It is also becoming increasingly apparent that many of the immune dysfunctions during persistent virus infection can be attributed directly or indirectly to the effects of chronic IFN-I signaling. This review explores the increasingly complex role of IFN-I in the regulation of immunity against persistently replicating virus infections and examines current and potential uses of IFN-I and blockade of IFN-I signaling to dampen chronic inflammation and activation in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Snell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics and UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - David G Brooks
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics and UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States; Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network and the Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9 Canada.
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Zhou H, Chen S, Wang M, Cheng A. Interferons and Their Receptors in Birds: A Comparison of Gene Structure, Phylogenetic Analysis, and Cross Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:21045-68. [PMID: 25405736 PMCID: PMC4264211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151121045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon may be thought of as a key, with the interferon receptor as the signal lock: Crosstalk between them maintains their balance during viral infection. In this review, the protein structure of avian interferon and the interferon receptor are discussed, indicating remarkable similarity between different species. However, the structures of the interferon receptors are more sophisticated than those of the interferons, suggesting that the interferon receptor is a more complicated signal lock system and has considerable diversity in subtypes or structures. Preliminary evolutionary analysis showed that the subunits of the interferon receptor formed a distinct clade, and the orthologs may be derived from the same ancestor. Furthermore, the development of interferons and interferon receptors in birds may be related to an animal’s age and the maintenance of a balanced state. In addition, the equilibrium between interferon and its receptor during pathological and physiological states revealed that the virus and the host influence this equilibrium. Birds could represent an important model for studies on interferon’s antiviral activities and may provide the basis for new antiviral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Zhang F, Zhou X, DiSpirito JR, Wang C, Wang Y, Shen H. Epigenetic manipulation restores functions of defective CD8⁺ T cells from chronic viral infection. Mol Ther 2014; 22:1698-706. [PMID: 24861055 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional exhaustion of antigen-specific T cells is a defining characteristic of many chronic infections, but the underlying mechanisms of T cell dysfunction are not well understood. Epigenetics plays an important role in the control of T cell development, differentiation, and function. To examine if epigenetics also plays a role in T cell exhaustion, we analyzed chromatin remodeling in CD8(+) T cells from mice with chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. We observed downregulation of diacetylated histone H3 in both virus-specific and total CD8(+) T cells, and functional defects not only in virus-specific CD8(+) T cells but also within the total CD8(+) T cell population. In vitro treatment of these exhausted CD8(+) T cells with histone deacetylase inhibitors restored diacetylated histone H3 levels, and improved their immune functions. Upon adoptive transfer, these treated CD8(+) T cells developed into functional memory T cells in vivo that enhanced protective immunity. These results define a role of epigenetics in T cell exhaustion and suggest epigenetic manipulation as a novel molecular therapy to restore immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqin Zhang
- 1] Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China [2] Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA [2] Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Joanna R DiSpirito
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chuan Wang
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA [2] Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Shen
- 1] Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China [2] Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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