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Wei Y, Zhang D, Shi H, Qian H, Chen H, Zeng Q, Jin F, Ye Y, Ou Z, Guo M, Guo B, Chen T. PDK1 promotes breast cancer progression by enhancing the stability and transcriptional activity of HIF-1α. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101041. [PMID: 38560503 PMCID: PMC10978537 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) phosphorylates the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which inhibits its activity. Inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase complex inhibits the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the reprogramming of tumor cell metabolism to glycolysis, which plays an important role in tumor progression. This study aims to elucidate how PDK1 promotes breast cancer progression. We found that PDK1 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues, and PDK1 knockdown reduced the proliferation, migration, and tumorigenicity of breast cancer cells and inhibited the HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1α) pathway. Further investigation showed that PDK1 promoted the protein stability of HIF-1α by reducing the level of ubiquitination of HIF-1α. The HIF-1α protein levels were dependent on PDK1 kinase activity. Furthermore, HIF-1α phosphorylation at serine 451 was detected in wild-type breast cancer cells but not in PDK1 knockout breast cancer cells. The phosphorylation of HIF-1α at Ser 451 stabilized its protein levels by inhibiting the interaction of HIF-1α with von Hippel-Lindau and prolyl hydroxylase domain. We also found that PDK1 enhanced HIF-1α transcriptional activity. In summary, PDK1 enhances HIF-1α protein stability by phosphorylating HIF-1α at Ser451 and promotes HIF-1α transcriptional activity by enhancing the binding of HIF-1α to P300. PDK1 and HIF-1α form a positive feedback loop to promote breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - He Shi
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Husun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hongling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fangfang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zuli Ou
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Minkang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bianqin Guo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Tingmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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2
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Dreute J, Pfisterer M, Schmitz ML. A reductionist perspective on HIF-1α's role in cell proliferation under non-hypoxic conditions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119683. [PMID: 38301905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in the control of proliferation under non-hypoxic conditions has been investigated in numerous studies, but does not yield a coherent picture. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis of existing literature to systematically evaluate the role of HIF-1α, based on a number of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies analyzing non-transformed, primary cells showed a largely heterogeneous distribution of pro-proliferative, anti-proliferative or absent functions for HIF-1α, which are co-determined by several parameters, including the type and age of the cell and its localization in tissues and organs. In contrast, the analyses of tumor cells showed a predominantly pro-proliferative role of HIF-1α by cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic molecular mechanism not yet understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dreute
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
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3
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Arseni C, Samiotaki M, Panayotou G, Simos G, Mylonis I. Combinatorial regulation by ERK1/2 and CK1δ protein kinases leads to HIF-1α association with microtubules and facilitates its symmetrical distribution during mitosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:72. [PMID: 38300329 PMCID: PMC10834586 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is the key transcriptional mediator of the cellular response to hypoxia and is also involved in cancer progression. Regulation of its oxygen-sensitive HIF-1α subunit involves post-translational modifications that control its stability, subcellular localization, and activity. We have previously reported that phosphorylation of the HIF-1α C-terminal domain by ERK1/2 promotes HIF-1α nuclear accumulation and stimulates HIF-1 activity while lack of this modification triggers HIF-1α nuclear export and its association with mitochondria. On the other hand, modification of the N-terminal domain of HIF-1α by CK1δ impairs HIF-1 activity by obstructing the formation of a HIF-1α/ARNT heterodimer. Investigation of these two antagonistic events by expressing double phospho-site mutants in HIF1A-/- cells under hypoxia revealed independent and additive phosphorylation effects that can create a gradient of HIF-1α subcellular localization and transcriptional activity. Furthermore, modification by CK1δ caused mitochondrial release of the non-nuclear HIF-1α form and binding to microtubules via its N-terminal domain. In agreement, endogenous HIF-1α could be shown to co-localize with mitotic spindle microtubules and interact with tubulin, both of which were inhibited by CK1δ silencing or inhibition. Moreover, CK1δ expression was necessary for equal partitioning of mother cell-produced HIF-1α to the daughter cell nuclei at the end of mitosis. Overall, our results suggest that phosphorylation by CK1δ stimulates the association of non-nuclear HIF-1α with microtubules, which may serve as a means to establish a symmetric distribution of HIF-1α during cell division under low oxygen conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Arseni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Martina Samiotaki
- Institute for Bio-Innovation, BSRC "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - George Panayotou
- Institute for Bio-Innovation, BSRC "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - George Simos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Ilias Mylonis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
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4
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Liu D, Wang L, Ha W, Li K, Shen R, Wang D. HIF-1α: A potential therapeutic opportunity in renal fibrosis. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110808. [PMID: 37980973 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common outcome of various renal injuries, leading to structural destruction and functional decline of the kidney, and is also a critical prognostic indicator and determinant in renal diseases therapy. Hypoxia is induced in different stress and injuries in kidney, and the hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are activated in the context of hypoxia in response and regulation the hypoxia in time. Under stress and hypoxia conditions, HIF-1α increases rapidly and regulates intracellular energy metabolism, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation. Through reprogramming cellular metabolism, HIF-1α can directly or indirectly induce abnormal accumulation of metabolites, changes in cellular epigenetic modifications, and activation of fibrotic signals. HIF-1α protein expression and activity are regulated by various posttranslational modifications. The drugs targeting HIF-1α can regulate the downstream cascade signals by inhibiting HIF-1α activity or promoting its degradation. As the renal fibrosis is affected by renal diseases, different diseases may trigger different mechanisms which will affect the therapy effect. Therefore, comprehensive analysis of the role and contribution of HIF-1α in occurrence and progression of renal fibrosis, and determination the appropriate intervention time of HIF-1α in the process of renal fibrosis are important ideas to explore effective treatment strategies. This study reviews the regulation of HIF-1α and its mediated complex cascade reactions in renal fibrosis, and lists some drugs targeting HIF-1α that used in preclinical studies, to provide new insight for the study of the renal fibrosis mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disheng Liu
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Lu Wang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Wuhua Ha
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Kan Li
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Rong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
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Wang R, Cai X, Li X, Li J, Liu X, Wang J, Xiao W. USP38 promotes deubiquitination of K11-linked polyubiquitination of HIF1α at Lys769 to enhance hypoxia signaling. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105532. [PMID: 38072059 PMCID: PMC10805703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
HIF1α is one of the master regulators of the hypoxia signaling pathway and its activation is regulated by multiple post-translational modifications (PTMs). Deubiquitination mediated by deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) is an essential PTM that mainly modulates the stability of target proteins. USP38 belongs to the ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs). However, whether USP38 can affect hypoxia signaling is still unknown. In this study, we used quantitative real-time PCR assays to identify USPs that can influence hypoxia-responsive gene expression. We found that overexpression of USP38 increased hypoxia-responsive gene expression, but knockout of USP38 suppressed hypoxia-responsive gene expression under hypoxia. Mechanistically, USP38 interacts with HIF1α to deubiquitinate K11-linked polyubiquitination of HIF1α at Lys769, resulting in stabilization and subsequent activation of HIF1α. In addition, we show that USP38 attenuates cellular ROS and suppresses cell apoptosis under hypoxia. Thus, we reveal a novel role for USP38 in the regulation of hypoxia signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolian Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wuhan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, P. R. China.
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Minisini M, Cricchi E, Brancolini C. Acetylation and Phosphorylation in the Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Activities: Additional Options to Modulate Adaptations to Changes in Oxygen Levels. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:20. [PMID: 38276269 PMCID: PMC10821055 DOI: 10.3390/life14010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
O2 is essential for the life of eukaryotic cells. The ability to sense oxygen availability and initiate a response to adapt the cell to changes in O2 levels is a fundamental achievement of evolution. The key switch for adaptation consists of the transcription factors HIF1A, HIF2A and HIF3A. Their levels are tightly controlled by O2 through the involvement of the oxygen-dependent prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing enzymes (PHDs/EGNLs), the von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor protein (pVHL) and the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Furthermore, HIF1A and HIF2A are also under the control of additional post-translational modifications (PTMs) that positively or negatively regulate the activities of these transcription factors. This review focuses mainly on two PTMs of HIF1A and HIF2A: phosphorylation and acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claudio Brancolini
- Lab of Epigenomics, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.M.); (E.C.)
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7
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Belapurkar R, Pfisterer M, Dreute J, Werner S, Zukunft S, Fleming I, Kracht M, Schmitz ML. A transient increase of HIF-1α during the G1 phase (G1-HIF) ensures cell survival under nutritional stress. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:477. [PMID: 37500648 PMCID: PMC10374543 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The family of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF) is activated to adapt cells to low oxygen conditions, but is also known to regulate some biological processes under normoxic conditions. Here we show that HIF-1α protein levels transiently increase during the G1 phase of the cell cycle (designated as G1-HIF) in an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent manner. The transient elimination of G1-HIF by a degron system revealed its contribution to cell survival under unfavorable metabolic conditions. Indeed, G1-HIF plays a key role in the cell cycle-dependent expression of genes encoding metabolic regulators and the maintenance of mTOR activity under conditions of nutrient deprivation. Accordingly, transient elimination of G1-HIF led to a significant reduction in the concentration of key proteinogenic amino acids and carbohydrates. These data indicate that G1-HIF acts as a cell cycle-dependent surveillance factor that prevents the onset of starvation-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnal Belapurkar
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Pfisterer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan Dreute
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Werner
- Rudolf Buchheim Institute of Pharmacology, Justus-Liebig-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Zukunft
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Kracht
- Rudolf Buchheim Institute of Pharmacology, Justus-Liebig-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - M Lienhard Schmitz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany.
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Wang Q, Bode AM, Zhang T. Targeting CDK1 in cancer: mechanisms and implications. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:58. [PMID: 37311884 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) are serine/threonine kinases that are proposed as promising candidate targets for cancer treatment. These proteins complexed with cyclins play a critical role in cell cycle progression. Most CDKs demonstrate substantially higher expression in cancer tissues compared with normal tissues and, according to the TCGA database, correlate with survival rate in multiple cancer types. Deregulation of CDK1 has been shown to be closely associated with tumorigenesis. CDK1 activation plays a critical role in a wide range of cancer types; and CDK1 phosphorylation of its many substrates greatly influences their function in tumorigenesis. Enrichment of CDK1 interacting proteins with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was conducted to demonstrate that the associated proteins participate in multiple oncogenic pathways. This abundance of evidence clearly supports CDK1 as a promising target for cancer therapy. A number of small molecules targeting CDK1 or multiple CDKs have been developed and evaluated in preclinical studies. Notably, some of these small molecules have also been subjected to human clinical trials. This review evaluates the mechanisms and implications of targeting CDK1 in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Wang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA.
| | - Tianshun Zhang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA.
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Shi WB, Wang ZX, Liu HB, Jia YJ, Wang YP, Xu X, Zhang Y, Qi XD, Hu FD. Study on the mechanism of Fufang E'jiao Jiang on precancerous lesions of gastric cancer based on network pharmacology and metabolomics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 304:116030. [PMID: 36563889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fufang E'jiao Jiang (FEJ) is a prominent traditional Chinese medicine prescription, which consists of Asini Corii Colla (Donkey-hide gelatin prepared by stewing and concentrating from the hide of Equus asinus Linnaeus., ACC), Codonopsis Radix (the dried roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf., CR), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra (the steamed and dried root of Panax ginseng C.A. Mey., GRR), Crataegi Fructus (the mature fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge., CF), and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (the steamed and sun dried tuber of Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) Libosch. ex Fisch. & C.A. Mey., RRP). It is a popularly used prescription for "nourishing Qi and nourishing blood". AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the potential mechanism of FEJ on precancerous lesion of gastric cancer in rats by combining network pharmacology and metabolomics. METHODS Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine were used to identify the ingredients and potential targets of FEJ. GeneCards database was used to define PLGC-associated targets. We built a herb-component-disease-target network and analyzed the protein-protein interaction network. Underlying mechanisms were identified using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. In addition, 40% ethanol, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroguanidine and irregular eating were used to establish PLGC rats model. We also evaluated the efficacy of FEJ on MNNG-induced PLGC rats by body weight, histopathology, blood routine and cytokine levels, while the predicted pathway was determined by the Western blot. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based serum non-targeted metabolomics was used to select potential biomarkers and relevant pathways for FEJ in the treatment of PLGC. RESULTS Network pharmacology showed that FEJ exhibited anti-PLGC effects through regulating ALB, TNF, VEGFA, TP53, AKT1 and other targets, and the potential pathways mainly involved cancer-related, TNF, PI3K-AKT, HIF-1, and other signaling pathways. Animal experiments illustrated that FEJ could suppress inflammation, regulate gastrointestinal hormones, and inhibit the expression of PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α pathway-related proteins. Based on serum non-targeted metabolomics analysis, 12 differential metabolites responding to FEJ treatment were identified, and metabolic pathway analysis showed that the role of FEJ was concentrated in 6 metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION Based on network pharmacology, animal experiments and metabolomics, we found that FEJ might ameliorate gastric mucosal injury in PLGC rats by regulating gastrointestinal hormones and inhibiting inflammation, and its mechanism of action is related to the inhibition of excessive activation of PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α signaling pathway and regulation of disorders of body energy metabolism. This comprehensive strategy also provided a reasonable way for unveiling the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Shi
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Codonopsis Radix Industrial Technology Engineering Research Center, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zi-Xia Wang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Codonopsis Radix Industrial Technology Engineering Research Center, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hai-Bin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, 252052, China
| | - Yan-Jun Jia
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Codonopsis Radix Industrial Technology Engineering Research Center, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yan-Ping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Codonopsis Radix Industrial Technology Engineering Research Center, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Codonopsis Radix Industrial Technology Engineering Research Center, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, 252052, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, China.
| | - Xiao-Dan Qi
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, China
| | - Fang-Di Hu
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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10
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Zhao S, El-Deiry WS. Non-canonical approaches to targeting hypoxic tumors. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:5351-5374. [PMID: 36628275 PMCID: PMC9827096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common characteristic in solid cancers. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are involved in various aspects of cancer, such as angiogenesis, metastasis and therapy resistance. Targeting the HIF pathway has been regarded as a challenging but promising strategy in cancer treatment with recent FDA approval of a HIF2α-inhibitor. During the past several decades, numerous efforts have been made to understand how HIFs participate in cancer development and progression along with how HIF signaling can be modulated to achieve anti-cancer effect. In this chapter, we will provide an overview of the role of hypoxia and HIFs in cancer, summarize the oxygen-dependent and independent mechanisms of HIF-1α regulation, and discuss emerging approaches targeting hypoxia and HIF signaling which possess therapeutic potential in cancer. We will emphasize on two signaling pathways, involving cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), which contribute to HIF-1α (and HIF-2α) stabilization in an oxygen-independent manner. Through reviewing their participation in malignant progression and the potential targeting strategies, we discuss the non-canonical approaches to target HIF signaling in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA,Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer InstituteProvidence, RI, USA,Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA,Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer InstituteProvidence, RI, USA,Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA,Hematology/Oncology Division, Lifespan Cancer InstituteProvidence, RI, USA
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11
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Paul S, Ghosh S, Kumar S. Tumor glycolysis, an essential sweet tooth of tumor cells. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1216-1230. [PMID: 36330953 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo metabolic alterations to meet the immense demand for energy, building blocks, and redox potential. Tumors show glucose-avid and lactate-secreting behavior even in the presence of oxygen, a process known as aerobic glycolysis. Glycolysis is the backbone of cancer cell metabolism, and cancer cells have evolved various mechanisms to enhance it. Glucose metabolism is intertwined with other metabolic pathways, making cancer metabolism diverse and heterogeneous, where glycolysis plays a central role. Oncogenic signaling accelerates the metabolic activities of glycolytic enzymes, mainly by enhancing their expression or by post-translational modifications. Aerobic glycolysis ferments glucose into lactate which supports tumor growth and metastasis by various mechanisms. Herein, we focused on tumor glycolysis, especially its interactions with the pentose phosphate pathway, glutamine metabolism, one-carbon metabolism, and mitochondrial oxidation. Further, we describe the role and regulation of key glycolytic enzymes in cancer. We summarize the role of lactate, an end product of glycolysis, in tumor growth, and the metabolic adaptations during metastasis. Lastly, we briefly discuss limitations and future directions to improve our understanding of glucose metabolism in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumana Paul
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, 400076 Mumbai, India
| | - Saikat Ghosh
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, 400076 Mumbai, India.
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12
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Methyltransferase SMYD3 impairs hypoxia tolerance by augmenting hypoxia signaling independent of its enzymatic activity. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102633. [PMID: 36273580 PMCID: PMC9692045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α, a main transcriptional regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia, also plays important roles in oxygen homeostasis of aerobic organisms, which is regulated by multiple mechanisms. However, the full cellular response to hypoxia has not been elucidated. In this study, we found that expression of SMYD3, a methyltransferase, augments hypoxia signaling independent of its enzymatic activity. We demonstrated SMYD3 binds to and stabilizes HIF1α via co-immunoprecipitation and Western blot assays, leading to the enhancement of HIF1α transcriptional activity under hypoxia conditions. In addition, the stabilization of HIF1α by SMYD3 is independent of HIF1α hydroxylation by prolyl hydroxylases and the intactness of the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitin ligase complex. Furthermore, we showed SMYD3 induces reactive oxygen species accumulation and promotes hypoxia-induced cell apoptosis. Consistent with these results, we found smyd3-null zebrafish exhibit higher hypoxia tolerance compared to their wildtype siblings. Together, these findings define a novel role of SMYD3 in affecting hypoxia signaling and demonstrate that SMYD3-mediated HIF1α stabilization augments hypoxia signaling, leading to the impairment of hypoxia tolerance.
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13
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Xu YR, Wang AL, Li YQ. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha is a driving mechanism linking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to lung cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:984525. [PMID: 36338690 PMCID: PMC9634253 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.984525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), irrespective of their smoking history, are more likely to develop lung cancer than the general population. This is mainly because COPD is characterized by chronic persistent inflammation and hypoxia, which are the risk factors for lung cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying this observation are still unknown. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) plays an important role in the crosstalk that exists between inflammation and hypoxia. Furthermore, HIF-1α is the main regulator of somatic adaptation to hypoxia and is highly expressed in hypoxic environments. In this review, we discuss the molecular aspects of the crosstalk between hypoxia and inflammation, showing that HIF-1α is an important signaling pathway that drives COPD progression to lung cancer. Here, we also provide an overview of HIF-1α and its principal regulatory mechanisms, briefly describe HIF-1α-targeted therapy in lung cancer, and summarize substances that may be used to target HIF-1α at the level of COPD-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-rui Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - An-long Wang
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ya-qing Li
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Ya-qing Li,
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14
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Adeyemi OS, Afolabi LB, Rotimi DE, Ofume DS, Adeyanju AA, Awakan OJ, Elebiyo TC. Targeting of Hypoxia for Therapeutic Strategy in the Varied Physiological States. Open Biochem J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1874091x-v16-e2208010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that initiate the expression of cellular processes to cope with hypoxic conditions. HIFs are principal regulators of hypoxic adaptation, regulating gene expression involved in glycolysis, erythropoiesis, angiogenesis, proliferation, and stem cell function under low O2. HIFs may play a pivotal role in tumor survival and metastasis in cancer formation and growth. Likewise, HIFs play a key role in microbial pathogenesis, particularly in host-pathogen interaction. Because of the role that HIF-1alpha plays in the biology of cancer and infections, it is a potential therapeutic target not only for malignant growth but also for parasitic infection. Several reports have demonstrated the up-regulation of host cellular HIFs due to infection-induced hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible pathways have attracted great interest in the down-regulation of prolyl hydroxylase for treating inflammatory diseases and infections by viruses, protozoa, or bacteria, among other pathogens. Interestingly, increasing evidence suggests that HIFs play an important regulatory role in inflammation. For example, in macrophages, HIFs regulate glycolytic energy generation and optimize innate immunity, control pro-inflammatory gene expression, mediate the killing of pathogens and influence cell migration. Therefore, a good understanding of the biochemical mechanism of hypoxia signaling pathways will shed more light on how it could help identify and develop new treatment strategies for cancer and parasitic diseases, including viral, bacterial, fungal and protozoa infections.
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15
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Chen Q, Cui K, Zhao Z, Xu X, Liu Y, Shen Y, Chen F, Mai K, Ai Q. LPS stimulation stabilizes HIF-1α by enhancing HIF-1α acetylation via the PARP1-SIRT1 and ACLY-Tip60 pathways in macrophages. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22418. [PMID: 35713568 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200256r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia and inflammatory mediators stabilize hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α through posttranslational modifications, such as phosphorylation and succinylation. Here, we identified sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and 60 kDa Tat-interactive protein (Tip60)-mediated acetylation as another critical posttranslational modification that regulates HIF-1α protein stability under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Mechanistically, DNA damage induced by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) activated poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) to consume oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ). Correspondingly, SIRT1 activity was decreased with the decline in NAD+ levels, resulting in increased HIF-1α acetylation. LPS also activated the ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY)-Tip60 pathway to further enhance HIF-1α acetylation. Acetylation contributed to HIF-1α stability and exacerbated LPS-induced inflammation. Thus, inhibiting HIF-1α stability by decreasing its acetylation could partly alleviate LPS-induced inflammation. In conclusion, we revealed the mechanism by which LPS stabilized HIF-1α by increasing its acetylation via the PARP1-SIRT1 and ACLY-Tip60 pathways in fish macrophages. This study may provide novel insights for manipulation of HIF-1α acetylation as a therapeutic strategy against inflammation from the perspective of acetylation in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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16
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Liu X, Deng H, Tang J, Wang Z, Zhu C, Cai X, Rong F, Chen X, Sun X, Jia S, Ouyang G, Li W, Xiao W. OTUB1 augments hypoxia signaling via its non-canonical ubiquitination inhibition of HIF-1α during hypoxia adaptation. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:560. [PMID: 35732631 PMCID: PMC9217984 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05008-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
As a main regulator of cellular responses to hypoxia, the protein stability of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is strictly controlled by oxygen tension dependent of PHDs-catalyzed protein hydroxylation and pVHL complex-mediated proteasomal degradation. Whether HIF-1α protein stability as well as its activity can be further regulated under hypoxia is not well understood. In this study, we found that OTUB1 augments hypoxia signaling independent of PHDs/VHL and FIH. OTUB1 binds to HIF-1α and depletion of OTUB1 reduces endogenous HIF-1α protein under hypoxia. In addition, OTUB1 inhibits K48-linked polyubiquitination of HIF-1α via its non-canonical inhibition of ubiquitination activity. Furthermore, OTUB1 promotes hypoxia-induced glycolytic reprogramming for cellular metabolic adaptation. These findings define a novel regulation of HIF-1α under hypoxia and demonstrate that OTUB1-mediated HIF-1α stabilization positively regulates HIF-1α transcriptional activity and benefits cellular hypoxia adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 PR China ,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070 PR China
| | - Hongyan Deng
- grid.49470.3e0000 0001 2331 6153College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 PR China ,grid.49470.3e0000 0001 2331 6153Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 PR China
| | - Jinhua Tang
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Chunchun Zhu
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Xiaolian Cai
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 PR China
| | - Fangjing Rong
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Xueyi Sun
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Shuke Jia
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China
| | - Gang Ouyang
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 PR China
| | - Wenhua Li
- grid.49470.3e0000 0001 2331 6153College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 PR China ,grid.49470.3e0000 0001 2331 6153Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 PR China
| | - Wuhan Xiao
- grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 PR China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 PR China ,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070 PR China
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17
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Gkotinakou IM, Mylonis I, Tsakalof A. Vitamin D and Hypoxia: Points of Interplay in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071791. [PMID: 35406562 PMCID: PMC8997790 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a hormone that, through its action, elicits a broad spectrum of physiological responses ranging from classic to nonclassical actions such as bone morphogenesis and immune function. In parallel, many studies describe the antiproliferative, proapoptotic, antiangiogenic effects of calcitriol (the active hormonal form) that contribute to its anticancer activity. Additionally, epidemiological data signify the inverse correlation between vitamin D levels and cancer risk. On the contrary, tumors possess several adaptive mechanisms that enable them to evade the anticancer effects of calcitriol. Such maladaptive processes are often a characteristic of the cancer microenvironment, which in solid tumors is frequently hypoxic and elicits the overexpression of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors (HIFs). HIF-mediated signaling not only contributes to cancer cell survival and proliferation but also confers resistance to anticancer agents. Taking into consideration that calcitriol intertwines with signaling events elicited by the hypoxic status cells, this review examines their interplay in cellular signaling to give the opportunity to better understand their relationship in cancer development and their prospect for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilias Mylonis
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (A.T.); Tel.: +30-2410-685578 (I.M. & A.T)
| | - Andreas Tsakalof
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (A.T.); Tel.: +30-2410-685578 (I.M. & A.T)
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18
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Neckers L. Oxygen-independent, CDK4/CDK6-dependent degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α takes cancers' breath away. Oncotarget 2022; 13:16-17. [PMID: 35018216 PMCID: PMC8730406 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Len Neckers
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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19
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Zhao S, Zhou L, Dicker DT, Lev A, Zhang S, Ross E, El-Deiry WS. Anti-cancer efficacy including Rb-deficient tumors and VHL-independent HIF1α proteasomal destabilization by dual targeting of CDK1 or CDK4/6 and HSP90. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20871. [PMID: 34686682 PMCID: PMC8536770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A prevalent characteristic of solid tumors is intra-tumoral hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) predominantly mediates the adaptive response to O2 oscillation and is linked to multiple malignant hallmarks. Here we describe a strategy to robustly target HIF1α by dual inhibition of CDK(s) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). We show that CDK1 may contribute to HSP90-mediated HIF1α stabilization. CDK1 knockdown enhances the decrease of HIF1α by HSP90 inhibition. Dual inhibition of CDK1 and HSP90 significantly increases apoptosis and synergistically inhibits cancer cell viability. Similarly, targeting CDK4/6 using FDA-approved inhibitors in combination with HSP90 inhibition shows a class effect on HIF1α inhibition and cancer cell viability suppression not only in colorectal but also in various other cancer types, including Rb-deficient cancer cells. Dual inhibition of CDK4/6 and HSP90 suppresses tumor growth in vivo. In summary, combined targeting of CDK(s) (CDK1 or CDK4/6) and HSP90 remarkably inhibits the expression level of HIF1α and shows promising anti-cancer efficacy with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lanlan Zhou
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA.,Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - David T Dicker
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Avital Lev
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shengliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA.,Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Eric Ross
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. .,Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. .,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA. .,Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. .,Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Hematology/Oncology Division, Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA.
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20
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Zhao S, El-Deiry WS. Identification of Smurf2 as a HIF-1α degrading E3 ubiquitin ligase. Oncotarget 2021; 12:1970-1979. [PMID: 34611473 PMCID: PMC8487721 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The major adaptive response to hypoxia involves hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-1α which is regulated by von Hippel Lindau (VHL) E3 ligase. We previously observed a stabilization of HIF-1α by cyclin-dependent kinases CDK1 and CDK4/6 that is independent of VHL, hypoxia or p53, and found that CDK4/6 inhibitors destabilize HIF-1α under normoxia and hypoxia. To further investigate the molecular mechanism of HIF-1α destabilization by CDK1 or CDK4/6 inhibitors, we performed a proteomic screen on immunoprecipitated HIF-1α from hypoxic colorectal cancer cells that were either untreated or treated with CDK1 inhibitor Ro3306 and CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. Our proteomics screen identified a number of candidates that were enriched in palbociclib-treated hypoxic cells including SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 (Smurf2). We also identified a HIF-1α peptide that appeared to be differentially phosphorylated after palbociclib treatment. Gene knockdown of SMURF2 increased basal expression of HIF-1α even in the presence of Ro3306 or two different CDK4/6 inhibitors, palbociclib and abemaciclib. Overexpression of Smurf2 inhibited expression of HIF-1α and enhanced HIF-1α ubiquitination in normoxia. Proteasome inhibitor MG-132 partially rescued HIF-1α expression when Smurf2 was overexpressed. Smurf2 overexpression also inhibited HIF-1α expression level in two other cell lines, SW480 and VHL-deficient RCC4. Overexpression of SMURF2 mRNA is correlated with improved disease-free survival and overall survival in clear cell renal cell cancer. Our results unravel a previously unknown mechanism involving Smurf2 for HIF-1α destabilization in CDK4/6 inhibitor-treated cells, thereby shedding light on VHL-independent HIF-1α regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA
- Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Wafik S. El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA
- Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Hematology/Oncology Division, Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA
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21
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Hafizi R, Imeri F, Wenger RH, Huwiler A. S1P Stimulates Erythropoietin Production in Mouse Renal Interstitial Fibroblasts by S1P 1 and S1P 3 Receptor Activation and HIF-2α Stabilization. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179467. [PMID: 34502385 PMCID: PMC8430949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (Epo) is the critical hormone for erythropoiesis. In adults, Epo is mainly produced by a subset of interstitial fibroblasts in the kidney, with minor amounts being produced in the liver and the brain. In this study, we used the immortalized renal interstitial fibroblast cell line FAIK F3-5 to investigate the ability of the bioactive sphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) to stimulate Epo production and to reveal the mechanism involved. Stimulation of cells with exogenous S1P under normoxic conditions (21% O2) led to a dose-dependent increase in Epo mRNA and protein levels and subsequent release of Epo into the medium. S1P also enhanced the stabilization of HIF-2α, a key transcription factor for Epo expression. S1P-stimulated Epo mRNA and protein expression was abolished by HIF-2α mRNA knockdown or by the HIF-2 inhibitor compound 2. Furthermore, the approved S1P receptor modulator FTY720, and its active form FTY720-phosphate, both exerted a similar effect on Epo expression as S1P. The effect of S1P on Epo was antagonized by the selective S1P1 and S1P3 antagonists NIBR-0213 and TY-52156, but not by the S1P2 antagonist JTE-013. Moreover, inhibitors of the classical MAPK/ERK, the p38-MAPK, and inhibitors of protein kinase (PK) C and D all blocked the effect of S1P on Epo expression. Finally, the S1P and FTY720 effects were recapitulated in the Epo-producing human neuroblastoma cell line Kelly, suggesting that S1P receptor-dependent Epo synthesis is of general relevance and not species-specific. In summary, these data suggest that, in renal interstitial fibroblasts, which are the primary source of plasma Epo, S1P1 and 3 receptor activation upregulates Epo under normoxic conditions. This may have a therapeutic impact on disease situations such as chronic kidney disease, where Epo production is impaired, causing anemia, but it may also have therapeutic value as Epo can mediate additional tissue-protective effects in various organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Redona Hafizi
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Inselspital, INO-F, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (R.H.); (F.I.)
| | - Faik Imeri
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Inselspital, INO-F, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (R.H.); (F.I.)
| | - Roland H. Wenger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Andrea Huwiler
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Inselspital, INO-F, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (R.H.); (F.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-316-323-214
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22
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Hu Q, Qin Y, Ji S, Shi X, Dai W, Fan G, Li S, Xu W, Liu W, Liu M, Zhang Z, Ye Z, Zhou Z, Yang J, Zhuo Q, Yu X, Li M, Xu X. MTAP deficiency-induced metabolic reprogramming creates a vulnerability to co-targeting de novo purine synthesis and glycolysis in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:4964-4980. [PMID: 34385182 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) is a key enzyme associated with the salvage of methionine and adenine that is deficient in 20%-30% of pancreatic cancer. Our previous study revealed that MTAP-deficiency indicates a poor prognosis for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. In this study, bioinformatics analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data indicated that PDACs with MTAP deficiency display a signature of elevated glycolysis. Metabolomics studies showed that that MTAP deletion-mediated metabolic reprogramming enhanced glycolysis and de novo purine synthesis in pancreatic cancer cells. Western blot analysis revealed that MTAP knockout stabilized hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) protein via posttranslational phosphorylation. RIO kinase 1 (RIOK1), a downstream kinase upregulated in MTAP-deficient cells, interacted with and phosphorylated HIF-1α to regulate its stability. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and the de novo purine synthesis inhibitor L-alanosine synergized to kill MTAP-deficient pancreatic cancer cells. Collectively, these results reveal that MTAP deficiency drives pancreatic cancer progression by inducing metabolic reprogramming, providing a novel target and therapeutic strategy for treating MTAP-deficient disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangsheng Hu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunrong Ji
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuhui Shi
- Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Weixing Dai
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Guixiong Fan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wensheng Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengqi Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeng Ye
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jingxuan Yang
- Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Qifeng Zhuo
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
| | - Xiaowu Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Direct phosphorylation and stabilization of HIF-1α by PIM1 kinase drives angiogenesis in solid tumors. Oncogene 2021; 40:5142-5152. [PMID: 34211090 PMCID: PMC8364516 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential for the sustained growth of solid tumors. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a master regulator of angiogenesis and constitutive activation of HIF-1 is frequently observed in human cancers. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms governing the activation of HIF-1 is critical for successful therapeutic targeting of tumor angiogenesis. Herein, we establish a new regulatory mechanism responsible for the constitutive activation of HIF-1α in cancer, irrespective of oxygen tension. PIM1 kinase directly phosphorylates HIF-1α at threonine 455, a previously uncharacterized site within its oxygen-dependent degradation domain. This phosphorylation event disrupts the ability of prolyl hydroxylases to bind and hydroxylate HIF-1α, interrupting its canonical degradation pathway and promoting constitutive transcription of HIF-1 target genes. Moreover, phosphorylation of the analogous site in HIF-2α (S435) stabilizes the protein through the same mechanism, indicating post-translational modification within the oxygen-dependent degradation domain as a mechanism of regulating the HIF-α subunits. In vitro and in vivo models demonstrate that expression of PIM1 is sufficient to stabilize HIF-1α and HIF-2α in normoxia and stimulate angiogenesis in a HIF-1-dependent manner. CRISPR mutants of HIF-1α (Thr455D) promoted increased tumor growth, proliferation and angiogenesis. Moreover, HIF-1α-T455D xenograft tumors were refractory to the anti-angiogenic and cytotoxic effects of PIM inhibitors. These data identify a new signaling axis responsible for hypoxia-independent activation of HIF-1 and expand our understanding of the tumorigenic role of PIM1 in solid tumors.
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Druker J, Wilson JW, Child F, Shakir D, Fasanya T, Rocha S. Role of Hypoxia in the Control of the Cell Cycle. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094874. [PMID: 34062959 PMCID: PMC8124716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle is an important cellular process whereby the cell attempts to replicate its genome in an error-free manner. As such, mechanisms must exist for the cell cycle to respond to stress signals such as those elicited by hypoxia or reduced oxygen availability. This review focuses on the role of transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms initiated in hypoxia that interface with cell cycle control. In addition, we discuss how the cell cycle can alter the hypoxia response. Overall, the cellular response to hypoxia and the cell cycle are linked through a variety of mechanisms, allowing cells to respond to hypoxia in a manner that ensures survival and minimal errors throughout cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Druker
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK;
| | - James W. Wilson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK; (J.W.W.); (F.C.); (D.S.); (T.F.)
| | - Fraser Child
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK; (J.W.W.); (F.C.); (D.S.); (T.F.)
| | - Dilem Shakir
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK; (J.W.W.); (F.C.); (D.S.); (T.F.)
| | - Temitope Fasanya
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK; (J.W.W.); (F.C.); (D.S.); (T.F.)
| | - Sonia Rocha
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK; (J.W.W.); (F.C.); (D.S.); (T.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)151-794-9084
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Lim SA, Moon Y, Shin MH, Kim TJ, Chae S, Yee C, Hwang D, Park H, Lee KM. Hypoxia-Driven HIF-1α Activation Reprograms Pre-Activated NK Cells towards Highly Potent Effector Phenotypes via ERK/STAT3 Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081904. [PMID: 33920906 PMCID: PMC8071270 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In patients with advanced cancer, hypoxic stress shapes NK cells toward tumor-resistant and immunosuppressive phenotypes. Therefore, a strategy to restore NK cell function within hypoxia would be crucial for successful tumor immunotherapy. By manipulating pO2 exposure to naïve vs. pre-activated NK cells, we found that HIF-1α-dependent metabolic reprogramming of NK cells is the key to overcoming hypoxia-mediated NK cell impairment. Exposure of pre-activated NK cells to hypoxia with 1.5% pO2 initiated metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis and reduction of p21/p53-dependent apoptotic pathways, with concomitant upregulation of cell cycle-promoting genes and downregulation of cell cycle-arrest genes via HIF-1a/ERK/STAT3 activation. Furthermore, upregulation of NKp44 activating receptor in hypoxia-exposed pre-activated NK cells elevated cytotoxicity of K562, CEM, and A375 tumor cells, in both in-vitro and in-vivo tumor-clearance assays. Therefore, HIF-1α-mediated metabolic reprogramming of NK cells could reverse their impaired phenotype, generating functionally robust NK cells for adoptive therapy and clinical evaluation. Abstract NK cells are the predominant innate lymphocyte subsets specialized to kill malignant tumor cells. In patients with advanced cancer, hypoxic stress shapes NK cells toward tumor-resistant and immunosuppressive phenotypes, hence a strategy to restore NK function is critical for successful tumor immunotherapy. Here, we present evidence that pre-activation and subsequent HIF-1α-dependent metabolic shift of NK cells from oxidative phosphorylation into glycolysis are keys to overcome hypoxia-mediated impairment in NK cell survival, proliferation, and tumor cytotoxicity. Specifically, exposing NK cells to 7–9 days of normoxic culture followed by a pO2 of 1.5% hypoxia led to a highly potent effector phenotype via HIF-1α stabilization and upregulation of its target genes, BNIP3, PDK1, VEGF, PKM2, and LDHA. RNA sequencing and network analyses revealed that concomitant reduction of p21/p53 apoptotic pathways along with upregulation of cell cycle-promoting genes, CCNE1, CDC6, CDC20, and downregulation of cell cycle-arrest genes, CDKN1A, GADD45A, and MDM2 were accountable for superior expansion of NK cells via ERK/STAT3 activation. Furthermore, HIF-1α-dependent upregulation of the NKp44 receptor in hypoxia-exposed NK cells resulted in increased killing against K562, CEM, and A375 tumor targets both in-vitro and in-vivo tumor clearance assays. Therefore, hypoxic exposure on pre-activated proliferating NK cells triggered HIF-1α-dependent pathways to initiate coordinated regulation of cell cycle, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity at the global gene transcription level. Our results uncover a previously unidentified role of HIF-1α-mediated metabolic reprogramming that can reverse impaired NK effector phenotypes to generate requisite numbers of functionally robust NK cells for adoptive cellular therapy for clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Ah Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.A.L.); (M.H.S.); (T.-J.K.)
| | - Yunwon Moon
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea;
| | - Min Hwa Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.A.L.); (M.H.S.); (T.-J.K.)
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.A.L.); (M.H.S.); (T.-J.K.)
| | - Sehyun Chae
- Korea Brain Bank, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, Korea;
| | - Cassian Yee
- Departments of Melanoma Medical Oncology and Immunology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA;
| | - Daehee Hwang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Hyunsung Park
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.P.); (K.-M.L.); Tel.: +82-2-6490-2670 (H.P.); +82-2-920-6251 (K-M.L.)
| | - Kyung-Mi Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.A.L.); (M.H.S.); (T.-J.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Correspondence: (H.P.); (K.-M.L.); Tel.: +82-2-6490-2670 (H.P.); +82-2-920-6251 (K-M.L.)
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Xu D, Li C. Regulation of the SIAH2-HIF-1 Axis by Protein Kinases and Its Implication in Cancer Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:646687. [PMID: 33842469 PMCID: PMC8027324 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.646687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular response to hypoxia is a key biological process that facilitates adaptation of cells to oxygen deprivation (hypoxia). This process is critical for cancer cells to adapt to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment resulting from rapid tumor growth. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor and a master regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia. The activity of HIF-1 is dictated primarily by its alpha subunit (HIF-1α), whose level and/or activity are largely regulated by an oxygen-dependent and ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated process. Prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) and the E3 ubiquitin ligase Von Hippel-Lindau factor (VHL) catalyze hydroxylation and subsequent ubiquitin-dependent degradation of HIF-1α by the proteasome. Seven in Absentia Homolog 2 (SIAH2), a RING finger-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase, stabilizes HIF-1α by targeting PHDs for ubiquitin-mediated degradation by the proteasome. This SIAH2-HIF-1 signaling axis is important for maintaining the level of HIF-1α under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. A number of protein kinases have been shown to phosphorylate SIAH2, thereby regulating its stability, activity, or substrate binding. In this review, we will discuss the regulation of the SIAH2-HIF-1 axis via phosphorylation of SIAH2 by these kinases and the potential implication of this regulation in cancer biology and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhong Xu
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Cen Li
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
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Han HJ, Saeidi S, Kim SJ, Piao JY, Lim S, Guillen-Quispe YN, Choi BY, Surh YJ. Alternative regulation of HIF-1α stability through Phosphorylation on Ser451. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 545:150-156. [PMID: 33550096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) functions as a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis. Oxygen-dependent hydroxylation of HIF-1α is tightly regulated by prolyl hydroxylase domain containing proteins (PHD1, PHD2, and PHD3). The prolyl hydroxylation facilitates the recruitment of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) protein, leading to ubiquitination and degradation of HIF-1α by the proteasomes. Besides prolyl hydroxylation, phosphorylation of HIF-1α is another central post-translational modification, which regulates its stability under hypoxic conditions as well as normoxic conditions. By use of LC/MS/MS-based analysis, we were able to identify a specific serine residue (Ser451) of HIF-1α phosphorylated under hypoxic conditions. Using plasmids expressing wild type (WT), non-phosphorylatable mutant HIF-1α (S451A), and phosphomimetic mutant HIF-1α (S451E), we demonstrated that the phosphorylation at Ser451 is important in maintaining the HIF-1α protein stability. Notably, phosphorylation at S451 interrupts the interaction of HIF-1α with PHD and pVHL. A phosphomimetic construct of HIF-1α at Ser451 (S451E) is significantly more stable than WT HIF-1α under normoxic conditions. Cells transfected with unphosphorylatable HIF-1α exhibited significantly lower HIF-1 transcriptional activity than WT cells and markedly reduced tumor cell migration. Further, tumors derived from the phosphomimetic mutant cells grew faster, whereas the tumors derived from non-phosphorylatable mutant cells grew slower than the control tumors, suggesting that the phosphorylation of HIF-1α at the Ser451 site is critical to promote tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, our data suggest an alternative mechanism responsible for the regulation of HIF-1α stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong-Jun Han
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soma Saeidi
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su-Jung Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juan-Yu Piao
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sooa Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hoseo University, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Yanymee N Guillen-Quispe
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bu Young Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Engineering, School of Convergence Bioscience and Technology, Seowon University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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The regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1alpha) expression by Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246531. [PMID: 33539422 PMCID: PMC7861413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), a transcription factor, plays a critical role in adaption to hypoxia, which is a major feature of diseases, including cancer. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is up-regulated in numerous cancers and leads to cancer progression. PDI, a member of the TRX superfamily, regulates the transcriptional activities of several transcription factors. To investigate the mechanisms by which PDI affects the function of HIF-1alpha, the overexpression or knockdown of PDI was performed. The overexpression of PDI decreased HIF-1alpha expression in the human hepatocarcinoma cell line, Hep3B, whereas the knockdown of endogenous PDI increased its expression. NH4Cl inhibited the decrease in HIF-1alpha expression by PDI overexpression, suggesting that HIF-1alpha was degraded by the lysosomal pathway. HIF-1alpha is transferred to lysosomal membranes by heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein (HSC70). The knockdown of HSC70 abolished the decrease, and PDI facilitated the interaction between HIF-1alpha and HSC70. HIF-1alpha directly interacted with PDI. PDI exists not only in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but also in the cytosol. Hypoxia increased cytosolic PDI. We also investigated changes in the redox state of HIF-1alpha using PEG-maleimide, which binds to thiols synthesized from disulfide bonds by reduction. An up-shift in the HIF-1alpha band by the overexpression of PDI was detected, suggesting that PDI formed disulfide bond in HIF-1alpha. HIF-1alpha oxidized by PDI was not degraded in HSC70-knockdown cells, indicating that the formation of disulfide bond in HIF-1alpha was important for decreases in HIF-1alpha expression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show the regulation of the expression and redox state of HIF-1alpha by PDI. We also demonstrated that PDI formed disulfide bonds in HIF-1alpha 1–245 aa and decreased its expression. In conclusion, the present results showed that PDI is a novel factor regulating HIF-1alpha through lysosome-dependent degradation by changes in its redox state.
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Ban HS, Uto Y, Nakamura H. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) inhibitors: a patent survey (2016-2020). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2021; 31:387-397. [PMID: 33455469 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2021.1874345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis. The increased expression of genes targeted by HIF is associated with many human diseases, including ischemic cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic lung disease, and cancer.Areas covered: This patent survey summarizes the information about patented HIF inhibitors over the last 5 years.Expert opinion: HIF inhibitors have shown promise for the treatment of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, a circadian rhythm disorder, calcific aortic valve disease, cerebrovascular accident, and heterotopic ossification. In addition, HIF-2α inhibitors can be used for the treatment or prevention of iron overload disorders, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and thyroid eye disease, or to improve muscle generation and repair. PT2385 completed phase I clinical trials for the treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. It exerted a higher synergistic inhibitory effect on tumor growth in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody, in comparison with each treatment alone, indicating that effective immunotherapy for solid tumors counteracts of the immunosuppression induced by hypoxia. Therefore, considering the effects of hypoxia on cancer cells, stromal cells, and effector immune cells, it is important to develop inhibitors of molecular pathways activated by hypoxia for successful treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Seung Ban
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoshikazu Uto
- ASCA Company, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- cLaboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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Liao Z, Wang B, Liu W, Xu Q, Hou L, Song J, Guo Q, Li N. Dysfunction of chaperone-mediated autophagy in human diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1439-1454. [PMID: 33389491 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), one of the degradation pathways of proteins, is highly selective to substrates that have KFERQ-like motif. In this process, the substrate proteins are first recognized by the chaperone protein, heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70), then delivered to lysosomal membrane surface where the single-span lysosomal receptor, lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP2A) can bind to the substrate proteins to form a 700 kDa protein complex that allows them to translocate into the lysosome lumen to be degraded by the hydrolytic enzymes. This degradation pathway mediated by CMA plays an important role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, transcription, DNA reparation, cell cycle, cellular response to stress and consequently, regulating many aging-associated human diseases, such as neurodegeneration, cancer and metabolic disorders. In this review, we provide an overview of current research on the functional roles of CMA primarily from a perspective of understanding and treating human diseases and also discuss its potential applications for diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhong Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Electronic Information, Micro-Nano Technology College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinlian Song
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingming Guo
- Biotherapy Center, Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Albanese A, Daly LA, Mennerich D, Kietzmann T, Sée V. The Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Post-Translational Modifications in Regulating Its Localisation, Stability, and Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E268. [PMID: 33383924 PMCID: PMC7796330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypoxia signalling pathway enables adaptation of cells to decreased oxygen availability. When oxygen becomes limiting, the central transcription factors of the pathway, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), are stabilised and activated to induce the expression of hypoxia-regulated genes, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis. Whilst hydroxylation has been thoroughly described as the major and canonical modification of the HIF-α subunits, regulating both HIF stability and activity, a range of other post-translational modifications decorating the entire protein play also a crucial role in altering HIF localisation, stability, and activity. These modifications, their conservation throughout evolution, and their effects on HIF-dependent signalling are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Albanese
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L697ZB, UK;
| | - Leonard A. Daly
- Department of Biochemistry and System Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L697ZB, UK;
| | - Daniela Mennerich
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; (D.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; (D.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Violaine Sée
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L697ZB, UK;
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Codelivery of HIF-1α siRNA and Dinaciclib by Carboxylated Graphene Oxide-Trimethyl Chitosan-Hyaluronate Nanoparticles Significantly Suppresses Cancer Cell Progression. Pharm Res 2020; 37:196. [PMID: 32944844 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02892-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is one of the critical components of the tumor microenvironment that is involved in tumor development. HIF-1α functionally and physically interacts with CDK1, 2, and 5 and stimulates the cell cycle progression and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK) expression. Therefore, hypoxic tumor microenvironment and CDK overexpression lead to increased cell cycle progression and tumor expansion. Therefore, we decided to suppress cancer cell expansion by blocking HIF-1α and CDK molecules. METHODS In the present study, we used the carboxylated graphene oxide (CGO) conjugated with trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and hyaluronate (HA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with HIF-1α-siRNA and Dinaciclib, the CDK inhibitor, for silencing HIF-1α and blockade of CDKs in CD44-expressing cancer cells and evaluated the impact of combination therapy on proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, and tumor growth. RESULTS The results indicated that the manufactured NPs had conceivable physicochemical properties, high cellular uptake, and low toxicity. Moreover, combination therapy of cancer cells using CGO-TMC-HA NPs loaded with HIF-1α siRNA and Dinaciclib (SCH 727965) significantly suppressed the CDKs/HIF-1α and consequently, decreased the proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and colony formation in tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate the ability of CGO-TMC-HA NPs for dual drug/gene delivery in cancer treatment. Furthermore, the simultaneous inhibition of CDKs/HIF-1α can be considered as a novel anti-cancer treatment strategy; however, further research is needed to confirm this treatment in vivo. Graphical Abstract The suppression of HIF-1α and CDKs inhibits cancer growth. HIF-1α is overexpressed by the cells present in the tumor microenvironment. The hypoxic environment elevates mitochondrial ROS production and increases p38 MAP kinase, JAK/STAT, ERK, JNK, and Akt/PI3K signaling, resulting in cyclin accumulation and aberrant cell cycle progression. Furthermore, the overexpression of HIF-1α/CDK results in increased expression of genes such as BCL2, Bcl-xl, Ki-67, TGFβ, VEGF, FGF, MMP2, MMP9, and, HIF-1α and consequently raise the survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and invasion of tumor cells. In conclusion, HIF-1α-siRNA/Dinaciclib-loaded CGO-TMC-HA NPs can inhibit the tumor expansion by blockage of CDKs and HIF-1α (JAK: Janus kinase, STAT: Signal transducer and activator of transcription, MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase, ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinase, JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinase, PI3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase).
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Chen Y, Liu M, Niu Y, Wang Y. Romance of the three kingdoms in hypoxia: HIFs, epigenetic regulators, and chromatin reprogramming. Cancer Lett 2020; 495:211-223. [PMID: 32931886 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a hallmark of cancer. To cope with hypoxic conditions, tumor cells alter their transcriptional profiles mainly through hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and epigenetic reprogramming. Hypoxia, in part through HIF-dependent mechanisms, influences the expression or activity of epigenetic regulators to control epigenetic reprogramming, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, which regulate hypoxia-responsive gene expression in cells. Conversely, epigenetic regulators and chromatin architecture can modulate the expression, stability, or transcriptional activity of HIF. Understanding the complex networks between HIFs, epigenetic regulators, and chromatin reprogramming in response to hypoxia will provide insight into the fundamental mechanism of transcriptional adaptation to hypoxia, and may help identify novel targets for future therapies. In this review, we will discuss the comprehensive relationship between HIFs, epigenetic regulators, and chromatin reprogramming under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China; School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China; Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Yanling Niu
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yijie Wang
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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Li J, Liu X, Cui Z, Han G. Comprehensive Analysis of Candidate Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922070. [PMID: 32578582 PMCID: PMC7331474 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to screen and identify central genetic and molecular targets involved in advancement of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and to perform an integrated analysis and clinical validation. Material/Methods The GEO2R technique was utilized to assess differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the gene sets GSE75037, GSE85716, and GSE118370. Subsequently, gene Ontology (GO) analyses and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analytical methods were executed to determine related biofunctions and signaling pathways, which were annotated with tools from the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) resource. Then, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network complex consisting of all detected DEGs was built with the STRING web interface. Cytohubba and MCODE plug-ins for Cytoscape software and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) were employed to identify the hub genes. Finally, the mRNA expression of the identified hub genes was quantitatively validated by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database analysis and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results We screened 146 upregulated DEGs and 431 downregulated DEGs with the criteria of |logFC| >1 and P<0.05, and the GO analysis indicated that DEGs were implicated in mitotic nuclear division (biological process, BP), the nucleus (cellular component, CC), and protein binding (molecular function, MF) and were associated with multiple KEGG pathways, such as the p53 signaling pathway in cancer. Then, the top 8 genes that predicted significantly different outcomes in LUAD patients were filtered from the DEGs and selected as hub genes. The TCGA database analysis and RT-qPCR results demonstrated that these genes were differentially expressed with the same trends in LUAD tissues compared with normal tissues. Conclusions Overall, we propose that 8 genes (PECAM1, CDK1, MKI67, SPP1, TOP2A, CHEK1, CCNB1, and RRM2) might be novel hub genes strongly associated with the progression and prognosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Xingyuan Liu
- Pathology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland).,Pathology Department, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Zan Cui
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Guanying Han
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
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Hwang JS, Jeong EJ, Choi J, Lee YJ, Jung E, Kim SK, Min JK, Han TS, Kim JS. MicroRNA-1258 Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of Human Colorectal Cancer Cells through Suppressing CKS1B Expression. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10110912. [PMID: 31717435 PMCID: PMC6896137 DOI: 10.3390/genes10110912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase regulatory subunit 1B (CKS1B) is associated with the pathogenesis of many human cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the expression of CKS1B in CRC are not completely understood. Here, we investigate the role played by microRNAs in the expression of CKS1B and carcinogenesis in CRC. Among the six microRNAs predicted to target CKS1B gene expression, only miR-1258 was revealed to downregulate CKS1B expression through binding to its 3’-UTR region, as ectopic miR-1258 expression suppressed CKS1B expression and vice versa. In CRC, miR-1258 expression also decreased cell proliferation and migration in vitro and tumor growth in vivo, similar to cells with silenced CKS1B expression. Considering the highly increased levels of CKS1B and decreased expression of miR-1258 in tumors from CRC patients, these findings suggest that miR-1258 may play tumor-suppressive roles by targeting CKS1B expression in CRC. However, the therapeutic significance of these findings should be evaluated in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Seong Hwang
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Division of Biomedical Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-S.H.); (E.-J.J.); (J.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (E.J.); (J.-K.M.)
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Jeong
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Division of Biomedical Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-S.H.); (E.-J.J.); (J.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (E.J.); (J.-K.M.)
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-450, Korea
| | - Jinhyeon Choi
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Division of Biomedical Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-S.H.); (E.-J.J.); (J.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (E.J.); (J.-K.M.)
| | - Yeo-Jin Lee
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Division of Biomedical Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-S.H.); (E.-J.J.); (J.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (E.J.); (J.-K.M.)
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Eunsun Jung
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Division of Biomedical Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-S.H.); (E.-J.J.); (J.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (E.J.); (J.-K.M.)
| | - Seon-Kyu Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Division of Biomedical Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Jeong-Ki Min
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Division of Biomedical Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-S.H.); (E.-J.J.); (J.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (E.J.); (J.-K.M.)
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Tae-Su Han
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Division of Biomedical Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-S.H.); (E.-J.J.); (J.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (E.J.); (J.-K.M.)
- Correspondence: (T.-S.H.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Jang-Seong Kim
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Division of Biomedical Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-S.H.); (E.-J.J.); (J.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (E.J.); (J.-K.M.)
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.-S.H.); (J.-S.K.)
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Kobliakov VA. The Mechanisms of Regulation of Aerobic Glycolysis (Warburg Effect) by Oncoproteins in Carcinogenesis. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:1117-1128. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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37
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Zheng W, Gu X, Sun X, Hu D. Effects of hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α on the proliferation and apoptosis of human synovial mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4315-4322. [PMID: 31545415 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a constant feature of the synovial microenvironment. How synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) proliferate and differentiate in a hypoxic environment over a long period of time has aroused the interest of researchers. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human SMSCs. SMSCs were harvested and cultured under different concentration of oxygen, normoxia (21% O2), hypoxia (5% O2) and severe hypoxia (0.5% O2) to determine its effect on the expression of HIF‑1α. Then, the cells were collected and cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected at severe hypoxia (0.5% O2) and hypoxia (5% O2) conditions following HIF‑1α siRNA transfection. There were no significant changes in cellular proliferation or apoptosis when cultured in normoxia (21% O2), hypoxia (5% O2) or severe hypoxia (0.5% O2). However, the mRNA and protein expression of HIF‑1α were markedly upregulated in the hypoxic conditions. Further experiments suggested that the proliferation of SMSCs was obviously suppressed and apoptosis was markedly increased under severe hypoxic (0.5%) and hypoxic (5% O2) conditions following HIF‑1α siRNA transfection. In conclusion, HIF‑1α effectively improved the tolerance of SMSCs to hypoxia, which may promote cellular proliferation and prevent the apoptosis of SMSCs under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, P.R. China
| | - Xueping Gu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, P.R. China
| | - Xingwei Sun
- Department of Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, P.R. China
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38
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Gao X, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Zhao Z, Zhang H, Wu J, Shen W, Zhong M. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 disruption inhibits angiogenesis by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:3062-3070. [PMID: 31555388 PMCID: PMC6755431 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a complex process, which involves the sprouting of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature. Pathological retinal angiogenesis can lead to vision loss and even blindness. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) is involved in regulation of the cell cycle and is reported to contribute to tumor progression. However, the role of CDK1 in retinal angiogenesis is largely unknown. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of CDK1 in retinal angiogenesis. Western blotting, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the expression of CDK1 in pathological angiogenesis using an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model. Small interfering (si)RNA sequences against CDK1 were synthesized and incubated with retinal cells. The efficiency of knockdown was confirmed by western blot and RT-qPCR assays. The effect of CDK1 siRNAs on angiogenesis in vitro was investigated using EdU cell proliferation, cell migration and tube formation assays. Subsequently, flow cytometry was used to assess the effects of CDK1 siRNAs on cell cycle distribution and on the induction of apoptosis. The expression levels of cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes were detected using western blotting. CDK1 was overexpressed in pathological retinal angiogenesis. CDK1 siRNAs inhibited human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. The possible mechanisms involved the induction of cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and the induction of apoptosis via an increase in the expression levels of p21 and p53. In conclusion, the data indicated that CDK1 was overexpressed in the OIR model and that silencing of CDK1 inhibited angiogenesis in vitro. CDK1 may be a novel therapeutic target for pathological retinal angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Zichan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Haorui Zhang
- Company 6 of Basic Medical School, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Jinhui Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Krassowski M, Paczkowska M, Cullion K, Huang T, Dzneladze I, Ouellette BFF, Yamada JT, Fradet-Turcotte A, Reimand J. ActiveDriverDB: human disease mutations and genome variation in post-translational modification sites of proteins. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:D901-D910. [PMID: 29126202 PMCID: PMC5753267 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interpretation of genetic variation is needed for deciphering genotype-phenotype associations, mechanisms of inherited disease, and cancer driver mutations. Millions of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in human genomes are known and thousands are associated with disease. An estimated 21% of disease-associated amino acid substitutions corresponding to missense SNVs are located in protein sites of post-translational modifications (PTMs), chemical modifications of amino acids that extend protein function. ActiveDriverDB is a comprehensive human proteo-genomics database that annotates disease mutations and population variants through the lens of PTMs. We integrated >385,000 published PTM sites with ∼3.6 million substitutions from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the ClinVar database of disease genes, and human genome sequencing projects. The database includes site-specific interaction networks of proteins, upstream enzymes such as kinases, and drugs targeting these enzymes. We also predicted network-rewiring impact of mutations by analyzing gains and losses of kinase-bound sequence motifs. ActiveDriverDB provides detailed visualization, filtering, browsing and searching options for studying PTM-associated mutations. Users can upload mutation datasets interactively and use our application programming interface in pipelines. Integrative analysis of mutations and PTMs may help decipher molecular mechanisms of phenotypes and disease, as exemplified by case studies of TP53, BRCA2 and VHL. The open-source database is available at https://www.ActiveDriverDB.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Krassowski
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Mechanics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Paczkowska
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kim Cullion
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tina Huang
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irakli Dzneladze
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - B F Francis Ouellette
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph T Yamada
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amelie Fradet-Turcotte
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Jüri Reimand
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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40
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Zou Y, Jing L. Identification of key modules and prognostic markers in adrenocortical carcinoma by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3673-3681. [PMID: 31516579 PMCID: PMC6733001 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive cancer with a high relapse rate and limited treatment options. Therefore, the identification of potential prognostic markers in patients with ACC may improve early detection, survival rates and may additionally provide novel insights into the early detection of recurrence. In the present study, clinical traits and RNA-seq data of 79 patients with ACC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was carried out and 17 distinct co-expression modules were built to examine the association between the modules and the clinical traits. Of the 17 modules, two co-expression modules, which contained 214 and 168 genes, were significantly correlated with two clinical traits, tumor stage and vital status. Functional enrichment analysis was performed on the selected modules. The results showed that one of the modules was primarily enriched in cell division and the other module was enriched in metabolic pathways, suggesting their involvement in tumor progression. Furthermore, cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and ubiquitin C (UBC) were identified as hub genes in both modules. Survival analysis revealed that the high expression of the hub genes significantly correlated with the poor survival rate of patients, suggesting that CDK1 and UBC have vital roles in the progression of ACC. In the present study, a co-expression gene module of ACC was provided and the prognostic genes that may serve as new diagnostic markers in the future were defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zou
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Hanchuan, Hanchuan, Hubei 431600, P.R. China
| | - Luanlian Jing
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Hanchuan, Hanchuan, Hubei 431600, P.R. China
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Bao L, Chen Y, Lai HT, Wu SY, Wang JE, Hatanpaa KJ, Raisanen JM, Fontenot M, Lega B, Chiang CM, Semenza GL, Wang Y, Luo W. Methylation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α by G9a/GLP inhibits HIF-1 transcriptional activity and cell migration. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:6576-6591. [PMID: 29860315 PMCID: PMC6061882 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a master transcriptional regulator in response to hypoxia and its transcriptional activity is crucial for cancer cell mobility. Here we present evidence for a novel epigenetic mechanism that regulates HIF-1 transcriptional activity and HIF-1-dependent migration of glioblastoma cells. The lysine methyltransferases G9a and GLP directly bound to the α subunit of HIF-1 (HIF-1α) and catalyzed mono- and di-methylation of HIF-1α at lysine (K) 674 in vitro and in vivo. K674 methylation suppressed HIF-1 transcriptional activity and expression of its downstream target genes PTGS1, NDNF, SLC6A3, and Linc01132 in human glioblastoma U251MG cells. Inhibition of HIF-1 by K674 methylation is due to reduced HIF-1α transactivation domain function but not increased HIF-1α protein degradation or impaired binding of HIF-1 to hypoxia response elements. K674 methylation significantly decreased HIF-1-dependent migration of U251MG cells under hypoxia. Importantly, we found that G9a was downregulated by hypoxia in glioblastoma, which was inversely correlated with PTGS1 expression and survival of patients with glioblastoma. Therefore, our findings uncover a hypoxia-induced negative feedback mechanism that maintains high activity of HIF-1 and cell mobility in human glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bao
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hsien-Tsung Lai
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shwu-Yuan Wu
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jennifer E Wang
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kimmo J Hatanpaa
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jack M Raisanen
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Miles Fontenot
- Medical Scientist Training Program, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bradley Lega
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Cheng-Ming Chiang
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- Vascular Program, The Johns Hopkins Institute for Cell Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yingfei Wang
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Weibo Luo
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Schoos A, Gabriel C, Knab VM, Fux DA. Activation of HIF-1 α by δ-Opioid Receptors Induces COX-2 Expression in Breast Cancer Cells and Leads to Paracrine Activation of Vascular Endothelial Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:480-489. [PMID: 31300611 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.257501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioids promote tumor angiogenesis in mammary malignancies, but the underlying signaling mechanism is largely unknown. The current study investigated the hypothesis that stimulation of δ-opioid receptors (DOR) in breast cancer (BCa) cells activates the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), which triggers synthesis and release of diverse angiogenic factors. Immunoblotting revealed that incubation of human MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells with the DOR agonist d-Ala2,d-Leu5-enkephalin (DADLE) resulted in a transient accumulation and thus activation of HIF-1α DADLE-induced HIF-1α activation preceded PI3K/Akt stimulation and was blocked by the DOR antagonist naltrindole and naloxone, pertussis toxin, different phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, and the Akt inhibitor Akti-1/2. Whereas DADLE exposure had no effect on the expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in BCa cells, an increased abundance of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was detected. DADLE-induced COX-2 expression was also observed in three-dimensional cultured MCF-7 cells and impaired by PI3K/Akt inhibitors and the HIF-1α inhibitor echinomycin. Supernatant from DADLE-treated MCF-7 cells triggered sprouting of endothelial (END) cells, which was blocked when MCF-7 cells were pretreated with echinomycin or the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib. Also no sprouting was observed when END cells were exposed to the PGE2 receptor antagonist PF-04418948. The findings together indicate that DOR stimulation in BCa cells leads to PI3K/Akt-dependent HIF-1α activation and COX-2 expression, which trigger END cell sprouting by paracrine activation of PGE2 receptors. These findings provide a potential mechanism of opioid-driven tumor angiogenesis and thus therapeutic targets to combat the tumor-angiogenic opioid effect. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Opioids are indispensable analgesics for treating cancer-related pain. However, opioids were found to promote tumor growth and metastasis, which questions the use of these potent pain-relieving drugs in cancer patients. Enhanced tumor vascularization after opioid treatment implies that tumor progression results from angiogenic opioid effects. Thus, understanding the signaling mechanism of opioid-driven tumor angiogenesis helps to identify therapeutic targets to combat these undesired tumor effects. The present study reveals that stimulation of δ-opioid receptors in breast cancer cells leads to an activation of HIF-1α and expression of COX-2 via PI3K/Akt stimulation, which results in a paracrine activation of vascular endothelial cells by prostaglandin E2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schoos
- Division Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.S., V.M.K., D.A.F.) and Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine (C.G.), University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cordula Gabriel
- Division Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.S., V.M.K., D.A.F.) and Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine (C.G.), University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vanessa M Knab
- Division Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.S., V.M.K., D.A.F.) and Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine (C.G.), University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela A Fux
- Division Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.S., V.M.K., D.A.F.) and Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine (C.G.), University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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CDK inhibitors reduce cell proliferation and reverse hypoxia-induced metastasis of neuroblastoma tumours in a chick embryo model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9136. [PMID: 31235824 PMCID: PMC6591221 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a paediatric cancer with a poor prognosis. This is in part due to widespread metastasis at time of presentation, which is refractory to current treatment modalities. New therapeutic agents that can control not only tumour growth but also metastasis are urgently needed. The differentiation therapy, retinoic acid, is currently used in clinic, leading to terminal differentiation of neuroblastoma cells thus reducing tumour growth in the primary tumour as well as at metastatic sites. However, retinoic acid only works in a subset of patients. We investigated the potential of CDK inhibitors, Palbociclib and RO-3306, on neuroblastoma cell differentiation, tumour progression and metastasis by utilising a 3R compliant cost effective preclinical chick embryo model. In both SK-N-AS and BE(2)C cell lines, when engrafted on the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos, we observed a reduction of tumour cell proliferation as well as a reduction in hypoxia preconditioning-driven metastasis by 60%. In addition, the expression of a panel of genes with known roles in metastasis, which increased upon hypoxia-preconditioning, was largely reduced by a CDK1 inhibitor. These results provide a promising alternative to currently existing therapies and might aid the development of new treatment protocols for retinoic acid-resistant patients.
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Albadari N, Deng S, Li W. The transcriptional factors HIF-1 and HIF-2 and their novel inhibitors in cancer therapy. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:667-682. [PMID: 31070059 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1613370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Hypoxia is one of the intrinsic features of solid tumors, and it is always associated with aggressive phenotypes, including resistance to radiation and chemotherapy, metastasis, and poor patient prognosis. Hypoxia manifests these unfavorable effects through activation of a family of transcription factors, Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play a pivotal role in the adaptation of tumor cells to hypoxic and nutrient-deprived conditions by upregulating the transcription of several pro-oncogenic genes. Several advanced human cancers share HIFs activation as a final common pathway. Areas covered: This review highlights the role and regulation of the HIF-1/2 in cancers and alludes on the biological complexity and redundancy of HIF-1/2 regulation. Moreover, this review summarizes recent insights into the therapeutic approaches targeting the HIF-1/2 pathway. Expert opinion: More studies are needed to unravel the extensive complexity of HIFs regulation and to develop more precise anticancer treatments. Inclusion of HIF-1/2 inhibitors to the current chemotherapy regimens has been proven advantageous in numerous reported preclinical studies. The combination therapy ideally should be personalized based on the type of mutations involved in the specific cancers, and it might be better to include two drugs that inhibit HIF-1/2 activity by synergistic molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najah Albadari
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Shanshan Deng
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Wei Li
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
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Abstract
Cells respond to hypoxia by shifting cellular processes from general housekeeping functions to activating specialized hypoxia-response pathways. Oxygen plays an important role in generating ATP to maintain a productive rate of protein synthesis in normoxia. In hypoxia, the rate of the canonical protein synthesis pathway is significantly slowed and impaired due to limited ATP availability, necessitating an alternative mechanism to mediate protein synthesis and facilitate adaptation. Hypoxia adaptation is largely mediated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). While HIFs are well known for their transcriptional functions, they also play imperative roles in translation to mediate hypoxic protein synthesis. Such adaptations to hypoxia are often hyperactive in solid tumors, contributing to the expression of cancer hallmarks, including treatment resistance. The current literature on protein synthesis in hypoxia is reviewed here, inclusive of hypoxia-specific mRNA selection to translation termination. Current HIF targeting therapies are also discussed as are the opportunities involved with targeting hypoxia specific protein synthesis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy T Chee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ines Lohse
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Shaun P Brothers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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Mylonis I, Simos G, Paraskeva E. Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and the Regulation of Lipid Metabolism. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030214. [PMID: 30832409 PMCID: PMC6468845 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen deprivation or hypoxia characterizes a number of serious pathological conditions and elicits a number of adaptive changes that are mainly mediated at the transcriptional level by the family of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). The HIF target gene repertoire includes genes responsible for the regulation of metabolism, oxygen delivery and cell survival. Although the involvement of HIFs in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and the switch to anaerobic glycolysis under hypoxia is well established, their role in the control of lipid anabolism and catabolism remains still relatively obscure. Recent evidence indicates that many aspects of lipid metabolism are modified during hypoxia or in tumor cells in a HIF-dependent manner, contributing significantly to the pathogenesis and/or progression of cancer and metabolic disorders. However, direct transcriptional regulation by HIFs has been only demonstrated in relatively few cases, leaving open the exact and isoform-specific mechanisms that underlie HIF-dependency. This review summarizes the evidence for both direct and indirect roles of HIFs in the regulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism as well as the involvement of HIFs in various diseases as demonstrated by studies with transgenic animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Mylonis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
| | - George Simos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3T2, Canada.
| | - Efrosyni Paraskeva
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
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Platania CBM, Leggio GM, Drago F, Salomone S, Bucolo C. Computational systems biology approach to identify novel pharmacological targets for diabetic retinopathy. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 158:13-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Pyo J, Ryu J, Kim W, Choi JS, Jeong JW, Kim JE. The Protein Phosphatase PPM1G Destabilizes HIF-1α Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082297. [PMID: 30081604 PMCID: PMC6121667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are key regulators of hypoxic responses, and their stability and transcriptional activity are controlled by several kinases. However, the regulation of HIF by protein phosphatases has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we found that overexpression of Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent protein phosphatase 1 gamma (PPM1G), one of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases, downregulated protein expression of ectopic HIF-1α under normoxic or acute hypoxic conditions. In addition, the deficiency of PPM1G upregulated protein expression of endogenous HIF-1α under normoxic or acute oxidative stress conditions. PPM1G decreased expression of HIF-1α via the proteasomal pathway. PPM1G-mediated HIF-1α degradation was dependent on prolyl hydroxylase (PHD), but independent of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL). These data suggest that PPM1G is critical for the control of HIF-1α-dependent responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyuk Pyo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jaewook Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Wootae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jae-Sun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Joo-Won Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Ja-Eun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
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Overexpression of CBX3 in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Promotes Cell Cycle Transition-Associated Tumor Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061768. [PMID: 29903985 PMCID: PMC6032220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed that Chromobox protein homolog 3 (CBX3) was overexpressed in several types of human cancers, however its pattern and role in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) has not yet been understood. The aim of this study was to identify the expression and function of CBX3 in PAAD. METHODS Data of transcriptomic and protein expression of CBX3 in PAAD were collected from different databases and analyzed. The in vitro and in vivo role of CBX3 in PAAD was examined. RESULTS CBX3 was overexpressed in human PAAD tissues, which was associated with poor prognosis of overall and disease-free survival of the patients. Overexpression of CBX3 induced the in vitro proliferation, anchorage-free growth, migration and invasion of the PAAD cells, and led to in vivo growth of orthotoptic PAAD tumors in mice. GO and KEGG pathway analysis, as well as experimental observation showed that CBX3 may be associated with cell cycle transition of PAAD cells, and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) may mediate the tumor-promoting action of CBX3. CDK1 knockdown attenuated the cell cycle transition, proliferation and invasion of CBX3-overexpressing PAAD cells. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest the tumor-promoting role of CBX3 in PAAD to be targeted by novel therapeutic strategies.
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Zhang Y, Xia Q, Lin J. Identification of the potential oncogenes in glioblastoma based on bioinformatic analysis and elucidation of the underlying mechanisms. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:715-725. [PMID: 29901201 PMCID: PMC6072298 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a common malignant tumour in the human brain, but its molecular mechanisms have not been systematically evaluated. The aim of this study was to identify potential key oncogenes associated with the progression of GBM and to elucidate their mechanisms. The gene expression profile of GSE50161, selected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, was analysed to find cancer-associated genes and gene functions in GBM. In total, 486 differentially expressed genes, including 128 upregulated genes, were identified. The function and pathway enrichment of these genes were analysed through Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. Survival analysis for three selected partially upregulated genes, CDK1, CCNB1 and CDC20, showed that their high expression was significantly associated with poor survival in GBM. CDK1 was selected for validation of its function and molecular mechanism in GBM. This gene was significantly overexpressed in GBM cancer tissues and cells compared with normal control cells. In addition, knockdown of CDK1 clearly inhibited GBM cell proliferation. Notably, we demonstrated that CDK1 was involved in the Akt signalling pathway, where it promotes the process involved in GBM malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Guizhou Provincial, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Qiming Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Guizhou Provincial, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Guizhou Provincial, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
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