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Xie X, Xie B, Xiong D, Hou M, Zuo J, Wei G, Chevallier J. New theoretical ISM-K2 Bayesian network model for evaluating vaccination effectiveness. JOURNAL OF AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE AND HUMANIZED COMPUTING 2022; 14:1-17. [PMID: 35813275 PMCID: PMC9253264 DOI: 10.1007/s12652-022-04199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at the difficulty in obtaining a complete Bayesian network (BN) structure directly through search-scoring algorithms, authors attempted to incorporate expert judgment and historical data to construct an interpretive structural model with an ISM-K2 algorithm for evaluating vaccination effectiveness (VE). By analyzing the influenza vaccine data provided by Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, risk factors influencing VE in each link in the process of "Transportation-Storage-Distribution-Inoculation" were systematically investigated. Subsequently, an evaluation index system of VE and an ISM-K2 BN model were developed. Findings include: (1) The comprehensive quality of the staff handling vaccines has a significant impact on VE; (2) Predictive inference and diagnostic reasoning through the ISM-K2 BN model are stable, effective, and highly interpretable, and consequently, the post-production supervision of vaccines is enhanced. The study provides a theoretical basis for evaluating VE and a scientific tool for tracking the responsibility of adverse events of ineffective vaccines, which has the value of promotion in improving VE and reducing the transmission rate of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Xie
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan University of Technology and Busin Ess, Changsha, 410205 China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Statistical Learning and Intelligent Computation, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha, 410205 Hunan China
| | - Bingqi Xie
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan University of Technology and Busin Ess, Changsha, 410205 China
- Institute of Big Data and Internet Innovation, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha, 410205 China
| | - Dan Xiong
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 China
| | - Muzhou Hou
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 China
| | - Jinxia Zuo
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan University of Technology and Busin Ess, Changsha, 410205 China
- Institute of Big Data and Internet Innovation, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha, 410205 China
| | - Guo Wei
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Pembroke, Pembroke, NC 28372 USA
| | - Julien Chevallier
- IPAG Business School (IPAG Lab), 184 boulevard Saint-Germain, 75006 Paris, France
- University Paris 8 (LED), 2 rue de la Liberté, 93526 Saint-Denis, France
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Cohen C, Nunes MC. Vaccinating Mothers to Protect Their Babies Against Influenza. J Infect Dis 2020; 221:5-7. [PMID: 31671176 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Cohen
- Centre for Respiratory Disease and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa.,School of Public Health and, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Marta C Nunes
- Medical Research Council: Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa.,National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Impact of influenza vaccination on healthcare utilization - A systematic review. Vaccine 2019; 37:3179-3189. [PMID: 31047677 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although a vaccine-preventable disease, influenza causes approximately 3-5 million cases of severe illness and about 290,000-650,000 deaths worldwide, which occur primarily among people 65 years and older. Nonetheless, prevention of influenza and its complications rely mainly on vaccination. We aimed to systematically evaluate influenza vaccine effectiveness at reducing healthcare utilization in older adults, defined as the reduction of outpatient visits, ILI and influenza hospitalizations, utilization of antibiotics and cardiovascular events by vaccination status during the influenza season. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and considered any seasonal influenza vaccine, excluding the pandemic (2009-10 season) vaccine. Reviewers independently assessed data extraction and quality assessment. RESULTS Of the 8308 citations retrieved, 22 studies were included in the systematic review. Overall, two studies (9%) were deemed at moderate risk of bias, thirteen (59%) at serious risk of bias and seven (32%) at critical risk of bias. For outpatient visits, we found modest evidence of protection by the influenza vaccine. For all-cause hospitalization outcomes, we found a wide range of results, mostly deemed at serious risk of bias. The included studies suggested that the vaccine may protect older adults against influenza hospitalizations and cardiovascular events. No article meeting our inclusion criteria explored the use of antibiotics and ILI hospitalizations. The high heterogeneity between studies hindered the aggregation of data into a meta-analysis. CONCLUSION The variability between studies prevented us from drawing a clear conclusion on the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine on healthcare utilization in older adults. Overall, the data suggests that the vaccine may result in a reduction of healthcare utilization in the older population. Further studies of higher quality are necessary.
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Estimation of seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness using data collected in primary care in France: comparison of the test-negative design and the screening method. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017; 24:431.e5-431.e12. [PMID: 28899840 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We discussed which method between the test-negative design (TND) and the screening method (SM) could provide more robust real-time and end-of-season vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates using data collected from routine influenza surveillance in primary care. METHODS We used data collected during two influenza seasons, 2014-15 and 2015-16. Using the SM, we estimated end-of-season VE in preventing medically attended influenza-like illness and laboratory-confirmed influenza among the population at risk. Using the TND, we estimated end-of-season VE in preventing influenza among both the general and the at-risk population. We estimated real-time VE using both methods. RESULTS For the SM, the overall adjusted end-of-season VE was 24% (95% confidence interval (CI), 16 to 32) and 12% (95% CI, -16 to 33) during season 2014-15, and 53% (95% CI, 44 to 60) and 47% (95% CI, 23 to 64) during season 2015-16, in preventing influenza-like illness and laboratory-confirmed influenza, respectively. For the TND, the overall adjusted end-of-season VE was -17% (95% CI, -79 to 24) and -38% (95% CI, -199 to 13) in 2014-15, and 10% (95% CI, -31 to 39) and 18% (95% CI, -33 to 50) in 2015-16, among the general and at-risk population, respectively. Real-time VE estimates obtained through the TND showed more variability across each season and lower precision than those estimated with the SM. CONCLUSIONS Although the worldwide use of the TND allows for comparison of overall VE estimates among countries, the SM performs better in providing robust real-time VE estimates among the population at risk.
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Souty C, Blanchon T, Bonmarin I, Lévy-Bruhl D, Behillil S, Enouf V, Valette M, Bouscambert M, Turbelin C, Capai L, Roussel V, Hanslik T, Falchi A. Early estimates of 2014/15 seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing influenza-like illness in general practice using the screening method in France. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 11:1621-5. [PMID: 26061896 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1046661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing influenza epidemic is characterized by intense activity with most influenza infections due to the A (H3N2) viruses. Using the screening method, mid-season vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing influenza-like illness in primary care was estimated to 32% (95% CI; 23 to 40) among risk groups and was 11% (95% CI; -4 to 23) among the elderly (≥ 65 y). The VE in ≥ 65 y was the lowest estimate regarding the 4 previous seasonal influenza epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Souty
- a INSERM, UMR_S 1136; Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique ; Paris , France
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Remschmidt C, Rieck T, Bödeker B, Wichmann O. Application of the screening method to monitor influenza vaccine effectiveness among the elderly in Germany. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15:137. [PMID: 25887460 PMCID: PMC4371628 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-015-0882-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elderly people are at increased risk for severe influenza illness and constitute therefore a major target-group for seasonal influenza vaccination in most industrialized countries. The aim of this study was to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) among individuals aged 60+ years over three seasons and to assess if the screening method is a suitable tool to monitor influenza VE in this particular target-group in Germany. Methods We identified laboratory-confirmed influenza cases aged 60+ years through the national communicable disease reporting system for seasons 2010/11, 2011/12 and 2012/13. Vaccination coverage (VC) data were retrieved from a database of health insurance claims representing ~85% of the total German population. We applied the screening method to calculate influenza subtype-specific VE and compared our results with VE estimates from other observational studies in Europe. Results In total, 7,156 laboratory-confirmed influenza cases were included. VE against all influenza types ranged between 49% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 39–56) in 2011/12 and 80% (95% CI: 76-83%) in 2010/11. In 2010/11 subtype-specific VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm and B was 76% and 84%, respectively. In the following seasons, VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm, A(H3N2) and B was 87%, -9% , 74% (2011/12), and 74%, 39%, 73% (2012/13). VE was higher among hospitalized compared to non-hospitalized influenza A cases. Seventeen observational studies from Europe reporting subtype-specific VE among the elderly were identified for the respective seasons (all applying the test-negative design) and showed comparable subtype-specific VE estimates. Conclusions According to our study, influenza vaccination provided moderate protection against laboratory-confirmed influenza A(H1N1)pdm and B in individuals aged 60+ but no or only little protection against A(H3N2). Higher VE among hospitalized cases might indicate higher protection against severe influenza disease. Based on the available data, the screening method allowed us to assess subtype-specific VE in hospitalized and non-hospitalized elderly persons. Since controlling for several important confounders was not possible, the applied method only provided crude VE estimates. However, given the precise VC-data and the large number of cases, the screening method provided results being in line with VE estimates from other observational studies in Europe that applied a different study design. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-015-0882-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thorsten Rieck
- Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. .,Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Birte Bödeker
- Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ole Wichmann
- Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
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Minodier L, Blanchon T, Souty C, Turbelin C, Leccia F, Varesi L, Falchi A. Influenza vaccine effectiveness: best practice and current limitations of the screening method and their implications for the clinic. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 13:1039-48. [DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2014.930666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Martinot M, Heller R, Martin A, Sagot E, Souply L, Mothes A, Mohseni-Zadeh M, de Briel D. Contribution of systematic RT-PCR screening for influenza during the epidemic season. Med Mal Infect 2014; 44:123-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Debin M, Colizza V, Blanchon T, Hanslik T, Turbelin C, Falchi A. Effectiveness of 2012-2013 influenza vaccine against influenza-like illness in general population: estimation in a French web-based cohort. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 10:536-43. [PMID: 24343049 DOI: 10.4161/hv.27439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the methods used for estimating the influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) target the individuals who have an influenza-like illness (ILI) rather than virologically-proven influenza and access the healthcare system. The objective of this study was to estimate the 2012-2013 IVE in general French population, using a cohort of volunteers registered on GrippeNet.fr, an online surveillance system for ILI. The IVE estimations were obtained through a logistic regression, and analyses were also performed by focusing on at-risk population of severe influenza, and by varying inclusion period and ILI definition. Overall, 1996 individuals were included in the analyses. The corrected IVE was estimated to 49% (20 to 67) for the overall population, and 32% (0 to 58) for the at-risk population. Three covariables appeared with a significant effect on the occurrence of at least one ILI during the epidemic: the age (P = 0.045), the presence of a child in the household (P<10(-3)), and the frequency of cold/flu (P<10(-3)). Comparable results were found at epidemic peak time in the hypothesis of real-time feed of data. In this study, we proposed a novel, follow-up, web-based method to reveal seasonal vaccine effectiveness, which enables analysis in a portion of the population that is not tracked by the health care system in most VE studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Debin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6; Paris, France
| | - Vittoria Colizza
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6; Paris, France; Institute for Scientific Interchange; Torino, Italy
| | - Thierry Blanchon
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6; Paris, France
| | - Thomas Hanslik
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6; Paris, France; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines; Versailles, France; Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris; Hopital Ambroise Paré; Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Clement Turbelin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6; Paris, France
| | - Alessandra Falchi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Paris, France; Université de Corse; Laboratoire de Virologie; Corte, France
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