Association of serum ferritin level and depression with respect to the body mass index in Korean male adults

Current Strategies and Future Directions of Wearable Biosensors for Measuring Stress Biochemical Markers for Neuropsychiatric Applications

Most wearable biosensors aimed at capturing psychological state target stress biomarkers in the form of physical symptoms that can correlate with dysfunction in the central nervous system (CNS). However, such markers lack the specificity needed for diagnostic or preventative applications. Wearable biochemical sensors (WBSs) have the potential to fill this gap, however, the technology is still in its infancy. Most WBSs proposed thus far target cortisol. Although cortisol detection is demonstrated as a viable method for approximating the extent and severity of psychological stress, the hormone also lacks specificity. Multiplex WBSs that simultaneously target cortisol alongside other viable stress-related biochemical markers (SBMs) can prove to be indispensable for understanding how psychological stress contributes to the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric illnesses (NPIs) and, thus, lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and more objective clinical tools. However, none target more than one SBM implicated in NPIs. Till this review, cortisol's connection to dysfunctions in the CNS, to other SBMs, and their implication in various NPIs has not been discussed in the context of developing WBS technology. As such, this review is meant to inform the biosensing and neuropsychiatric communities of viable future directions and possible challenges for WBS technology for neuropsychiatric applications.

BMI moderates the relationship between depression and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A cross‑sectional survey

BACKGROUND

Prior research has established a connection between depression and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the influence of age and BMI on this association remains unclear.

OBJECTIVES

We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database to explore the relationship between depression and COPD, and to investigate whether age and Body mass index (BMI) act as moderators in this relationship.

METHODS

We analyzed data from 10,940 participants in the NHANES database. Depression served as the independent variable. COPD status served as the outcome variable. We employed multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationship between depression and COPD.

RESULTS

Of the 10,940 respondents surveyed, about 3.9 % had COPD and 8.5 % had depression. The prevalence of depression in COPD patients was significantly greater than the prevalence of overall respondents (21.1 % VS.8.5 %). We found that the association between depression and COPD was mediated by BMI status. Controlling for other covariates, the association between depression and COPD increased significantly. For the underweight group, the impact of depression on the risk of COPD was lower compared to the normal BMI group.

CONCLUSION

This study confirms a significant association between depression and COPD, with BMI serving as a moderator. These findings enhance our understanding of the complex interplay between depression and COPD and underscore the importance of considering individual physical health characteristics in clinical assessments. The results have significant implications for clinical practice and public health policymaking.

Essential Trace Elements in Patients with Dyslipidemia: A Meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Lipid metabolism is a complex process that includes lipid uptake, transport, synthesis, and degradation. Trace elements are vital in maintaining normal lipid metabolism in the human body. This study explores the relationship between serum trace elements and lipid metabolism.

METHODS

In this study, we reviewed articles on the relationship between alterations in somatic levels of zinc, iron, calcium, copper, chrome, manganese, selenium, and lipid metabolism. In this systematic review and mate-analysis, databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang was searched for articles on the relationship published between January 1, 1900, and July 12, 2022. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager5.3 (Cochrane Collaboration).

RESULTS

No significant association was found between serum zinc and dyslipidemia, while other serum trace elements (iron, selenium, copper, chromium, and manganese) were associated with hyperlipidemia.

CONCLUSION

The present study suggested that the human body's zinc, copper, and calcium content may be related to lipid metabolism. However, findings on lipid metabolism and Iron, Manganese have not been conclusive. In addition, the relationship between lipid metabolism disorders and selenium levels still needs to be further studied. Further research is needed on treating lipid metabolism diseases by changing trace elements.

Assessment of the psycho-emotional state of patients after COVID-19-associated pneumonia in relationship with laboratory indicators

The aim. To study peculiarities and association of psychological and laboratory indicators in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) who underwent COVID-19 to clarify the factors affecting the possibility of developing delayed psychological and cardiovascular adverse events.

Methods. The study enrolled 350 patients with COVID-19. Group 1 consisted of 92 patients without CVD, Group 2 – of 258 patients with CVD. Indicators of laboratory and psychological parameters were assessed according to the data of psychological questionnaire using GAD-7 (General Anxiety Disorder-7), PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), PSS (Perceived Stress Scale) screening scales and SF-36. Parameters of complete blood count and biochemical blood tests were measured during hospitalization and three months after discharge from the monohospital.

Results. After three months, in the general group of patients, signs of anxiety and depression were detected in more than 30 % of the examined patients, signs of stress – in 10.4 %. In the group with CVD, psycho-emotional disorders were identified in 1/4 of the patients, and severe stress – in 8 % of those included in the study. In addition, it was registered that the indicators of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, fibrinogen, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine and IL-6 remained at a higher level in the second group.

Correlation analysis showed that the psychological component of health is interconnected with the level of neutrophils (p = 0.044) and fibrinogen (p = 0.050); the physical component of health is correlated with the level of erythrocytes (p = 0.030), hemoglobin (p = 0.015), CRP (p = 0.002), creatine phosphokinase (p = 0.036) and glucose (p = 0.017). Regression analysis revealed that in patients with CVD three months after hospitalization, an increased glucose index contributes to deterioration, and increased hematocrit and mean hemoglobin concentration improve the quality of life of patients.

Conclusion. Laboratory markers that maintain the duration of a prolonged vascular reaction, violation of the rheological and metabolic properties of blood, determine the nature of the development of both psychological and cardiovascular complications.

Significance of low ferritin without anaemia in screen-detected, adult coeliac disease patients

BACKGROUND

Low ferritin without anaemia has been linked to adverse health effects.

OBJECTIVES

To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of low ferritin in screen-detected coeliac disease.

METHODS

Seventy-six screen-detected coeliac disease patients were enrolled in the prospective collection of comprehensive clinical, laboratory and histological data at diagnosis and after 1-2 years on a gluten-free diet (GFD). All variables were compared between patients with different ferritin levels.

RESULTS

At coeliac disease diagnosis, six patients had anaemia. Of the 70 nonanaemic patients, ferritin levels were <15 μg/L in 21%, 15-29 μg/L in 19%, 30-99 μg/L in 36% and ≥100 μg/L in 24%. Those with lower ferritin were more often females, had lower body mass index, haemoglobin and villous height-crypt depth ratio and also had higher intra-epithelial lymphocyte CD3+ levels in duodenal biopsies. The groups did not differ in neurological or gastrointestinal symptoms, health-related quality of life, bone mineral density, liver values, vitamin, albumin or coeliac autoantibody levels or the prevalence of comorbidities. Median ferritin levels increased from 41.5 μg/L to 86.0 μg/L on GFD (p < 0.001). Ferritin remained <30 μg/L in 21% of patients but was not associated with dietary compliance, nor was any correlation between changes in ferritin and quality of life, gastrointestinal symptoms, autoantibody levels or degree of histological damage detected.

CONCLUSION

Decreased ferritin is a frequent finding in screen-detected coeliac disease and may not be fully restored on a GFD. However, low ferritin levels are not associated with more severe symptoms or poorer quality of life.

Risk factors for depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ranges from 10% to 42%, but the diagnosis of depression in patients with COPD is often unrecognized and untreated. Unrecognized depression has major implications for compliance with medical treatment, prolonged lengths of stay, increased frequency of hospital admissions, and increased consultations with primary care physicians. Many studies have attempted to identify risk factors for progression, prognosis and response to therapy in patients with depression. However, few studies have examined the risk factors for depression in patients with COPD, and some results remain controversial.

AIM

To identify the potential risk factors to define patients with COPD who are at "high risk" of depression.

METHODS

The clinical data of 293 patients with COPD were reviewed from January 2017 to December 2018. The correlations between demographics, clinical characteristics and depression were analyzed. The risk factors for depression in patients with COPD were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The cutoff value, sensitivity and specificity of the independent correlation factors were calculated with a receiver operating characteristic curve.

RESULTS

Of the 293 patients included, 65 (22.18%) individuals were identified to have depression. Significant differences were detected between patients with and without depression in terms of body mass index (BMI), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and COPD assessment test (CAT) score (all P < 0.05). Low BMI, low FEV1, and high CAT were independent risk factors for depression in patients with COPD and the cutoff values of BMI, FEV1, and CAT scores were 21.373 kg/m2, 0.855 L and 12.5, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Low BMI, low FEV1, and high CAT score were identified as independent risk factors for depression in patients with COPD.