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Rong L, Chen L, Rao J, Shen Q, Li G, Liu J, Mao J, Feng C, Wang X, Wang S, Kuang X, Huang W, Ma Q, Liu X, Ling C, Fu R, Gao X, Ding G, Yang H, Han M, Huang Z, Li Q, Zhang Q, Lin Y, Jiang X, Xu H. Genetic Variations and Clinical Features of NPHS1-Related Nephrotic Syndrome in Chinese Children: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:771227. [PMID: 34859019 PMCID: PMC8632042 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.771227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Few studies have addressed the genetic spectrum of NPHS1 variants in Chinese children with nephrotic syndrome. In this multicenter study, the clinical manifestations and features of NPHS1 variants in Chinese children with nephrotic syndrome were researched. Method: Genotypical and phenotypical data from 30 children affected by NPHS1 variants were collected from a multicenter registration system in China and analyzed retrospectively. Results: The patients were divided into two groups: congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS [n = 24]) and non-CNS (early onset nephrotic syndrome [n = 6]). Renal biopsy was performed on four patients in the non-CNS group, revealing minimal change disease in three and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in one. A total of 61 NPHS1 variants were detected, involving 25 novel variants. The "recurrent variants" included c.928G>A(p.Asp310Asn) in eight patients with CNS, followed by c.616C>A(p.Pro206Thr) in four, and c.2207T>C (p.Val736Ala) in three. Steroid treatment was applied in 29.2% (7/24)of the patients in the CNS group and 50% (3/6) of the patients in the non-CNS group. One patient in each group experienced complete remission but relapsed subsequently. Immunosuppressants were administered to three patients in the non-CNS group, eliciting an effective response. In the CNS group, three patients underwent renal transplantation and six died mainly from infection. Conclusion: Variants of NPHS1 cause CNS and early childhood-onset nephrotic syndrome. NPHS1 variants in Chinese individuals with nephrotic syndrome (NS) were mainly compound heterozygous variants, and c.928G>A(p.Asp310Asn) in exon 8 may act as a recurrent variant in the Chinese population, followed by c.616C>A(p.Pro206Thr) in exon 6. Steroids and immunosuppressants may be effective in selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Rong
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Rao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guomin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyue Feng
- Department of Nephrology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Si Wang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyu Kuang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Huang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingshan Ma
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaorong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Bejing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Ling
- Department of Nephrology, Bejing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang, China
| | - Xiaojie Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guixia Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huandan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhimin Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatism and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Qiuye Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyun Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Camacho J, Rábano A, Marazuela P, Bonaterra-Pastra A, Serna G, Moliné T, Ramón Y Cajal S, Martínez-Sáez E, Hernández-Guillamon M. Association of CD2AP neuronal deposits with Braak neurofibrillary stage in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Pathol 2021; 32:e13016. [PMID: 34514662 PMCID: PMC8713526 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have described several genes as genetic susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among them, CD2AP encodes CD2-associated protein, a scaffold protein implicated in dynamic actin remodeling and membrane trafficking during endocytosis and cytokinesis. Although a clear link between CD2AP defects and glomerular pathology has been described, little is known about the function of CD2AP in the brain. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of CD2AP in the AD brain and its potential associations with tau aggregation and β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition. First, we performed immunohistochemical analysis of CD2AP expression in brain tissue from AD patients and controls (N = 60). Our results showed granular CD2AP immunoreactivity in the human brain endothelium in all samples. In AD cases, no CD2AP was found to be associated with Aβ deposits in vessels or parenchymal plaques. CD2AP neuronal inclusions similar to neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and neuropil thread-like deposits were found only in AD samples. Moreover, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that CD2AP colocalized with pTau. Regarding CD2AP neuronal distribution, a hierarchical progression from the entorhinal to the temporal and occipital cortex was detected. We found that CD2AP immunodetection in neurons was strongly and positively associated with Braak neurofibrillary stage, independent of age and other pathological hallmarks. To further investigate the association between pTau and CD2AP, we included samples from cases of primary tauopathies (corticobasal degeneration [CBD], progressive supranuclear palsy [PSP], and Pick's disease [PiD]) in our study. Among these cases, CD2AP positivity was only found in PiD samples as neurofibrillary tangle-like and Pick body-like deposits, whereas no neuronal CD2AP deposits were detected in PSP or CBD samples, which suggested an association of CD2AP neuronal expression with 3R-Tau-diseases. In conclusion, our findings open a new road to investigate the complex cellular mechanism underlying the tangle conformation and tau pathology in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Camacho
- Pathology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Morphological Science Department, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Rábano
- Neuropathology Department, CIEN Foundation, Alzheimer's Centre Queen Sofía Foundation, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Marazuela
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bonaterra-Pastra
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Garazi Serna
- Morphological Science Department, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Moliné
- Pathology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Ramón Y Cajal
- Pathology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Morphological Science Department, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Sáez
- Pathology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Morphological Science Department, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Hernández-Guillamon
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Jyoti SS, Islam F, Shrabonee II, Sultana TN, Chaity NI, Nahid NA, Islam MR, Islam MS, Apu MNH. Prevalence of NPHS2 gene R229Q polymorphism in Bangladeshi children with nephrotic syndrome. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05317. [PMID: 33102883 PMCID: PMC7578689 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Limited and contradictory pharmacogenetic studies of NPHS2 gene R229Q polymorphism in nephrotic syndrome (NS) children of different ethnicities steered us to investigate the genotype frequency and associated risk of this polymorphism in Bangladeshi NS children. Methods A prospective case-control study was conducted which comprised a total of 142 children having nephrotic syndrome (NS), divided into 2 groups: case group consisted of 40 children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), and control group involved 102 children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS). Both were genotyped by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method for R229Q polymorphism. Results The results indicate the presence of R229Q polymorphism in 27.50% of SRNS and 12.75% of SSNS children. SRNS children possess 2.94-fold greater risk (p = 0.025) of carrying Arg/Gln genotype compared to SSNS children. Moreover, R229Q variant in SRNS children was observed as in a compound heterozygous form with p.Ala297Val located in exon 8. Age of onset (4–6 years) presents as a significant contributing factor (adjusted OR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.023–1.094; p = 0.001) for SRNS susceptibility in Bangladeshi children. Contrarily, though the incidence of SRNS was higher in male children than female (80% vs 20%), gender remains to be a neutral factor (p = 0.257) in relation to SRNS susceptibility. Conclusion Compound heterozygosity of NPHS2 p.R229Q gene variant with p.Ala297Val may cause pathogenic SRNS in Bangladeshi children. Large scale studies are warranted to establish the genotype-phenotype correlation. It is recommended to screen for p.R229Q first and, if positive, for p.Ala297Val in Bangladeshi SRNS children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Sultana Jyoti
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Farhana Islam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Ishrat Islam Shrabonee
- Department of Pediatric, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, 2200, Bangladesh
| | - Taposhi Nahid Sultana
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nusrat Islam Chaity
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Noor Ahmed Nahid
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Reazul Islam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohd Nazmul Hasan Apu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
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Takano T, Bareke E, Takeda N, Aoudjit L, Baldwin C, Pisano P, Matsuda J, El Andalousi J, Muhtadie L, Bernard C, Majewski J, Miyazaki T, Yamamura KI, Gupta IR. Recessive mutation in CD2AP causes focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in humans and mice. Kidney Int 2018; 95:57-61. [PMID: 30612599 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Although sequence variants in CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) have been identified in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), definitive proof of causality in human disease is meager. By whole-exome sequencing, we identified a homozygous frame-shift mutation in CD2AP (p.S198fs) in three siblings born of consanguineous parents who developed childhood-onset FSGS and end stage renal disease. When the same frameshift mutation was introduced in mice by gene editing, the mice developed FSGS and kidney failure. These results provide conclusive evidence that homozygous mutation of CD2AP causes FSGS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Takano
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Eric Bareke
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Naoki Takeda
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Lamine Aoudjit
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cindy Baldwin
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philip Pisano
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jun Matsuda
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jasmine El Andalousi
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lina Muhtadie
- Department of Medicine, Lakeshore General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chantal Bernard
- Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacek Majewski
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Toru Miyazaki
- Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamamura
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Indra R Gupta
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Li J, Chen Y, Shen L, Deng Y. Improvement of membranous nephropathy by inhibition of miR-193a to affect podocytosis via targeting WT1. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:3438-3446. [PMID: 30242881 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this paper was to explore the role and molecular mechanism of miR-193a in membranous nephropathy (MN). Experimental rats and podocytes were randomly divided into four groups: control, MN, miR-NC, and miR-193a inhibitor groups. The relative mRNA level of miR-193a was determined. The mRNA level and protein expression of PODXL, NPHS1, and Notch1 were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis, respectively. The mRNA level and protein expression of WT1 in podocytes were also determined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The relative mRNA level of miR-193a in the MN group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and inhibition of miR-193a inhibited the increase successfully. Inhibition of miR-193a inhibited renal injury, podocyte injury, and tissue cell apoptosis resulting from MN. The expression of PODXL, NPHS1, and Notch1 was decreased in the MN group, while the expression was increased in the miR-193a inhibitor group. WT1 was verified as a target gene of miR-193a and the expression of WT1 increased after inhibition of miR-193a. Inhibition of miR-193a by targeting WT1 could inhibit renal function injury, renal tissue cell apoptosis, and podocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianli Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueyi Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Cyclosporine A responsive congenital nephrotic syndrome with single heterozygous variants in NPHS1, NPHS2, and PLCE1. Pediatr Nephrol 2018; 33:1269-1272. [PMID: 29663071 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-3961-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) is primarily a monogenetic disease, with the majority of cases due to changes in five different genes: the nephrin (NPHS1), podocin (NPHS2), Wilms tumor 1 (WT1), laminin ß2 (LAMB2), and phospholipase C epsilon 1 (PLCE1, NPHS3) gene. Usually CNS is not responsive to immunosuppressive therapy, but treatment with ACE inhibitors, AT1 receptor blockade and/or indomethacin can reduce proteinuria. If the disease progresses to end-stage renal disease, kidney transplantation is the therapy of choice. CASE-DIAGNOSIS Here, we present the case of a 4-month-old girl with congenital nephrotic syndrome. Upon admission, the patient presented with life-threatening anasarca, hypoalbuminemia, proteinuria, and impaired growth. There was no evidence of an infectious or immunological etiology. The genetic evaluation revealed a heterozygous variant in NPHS1 (p.Arg207Trp), in NPHS2 (p.Ser95Phe) as well as in PLCE1 (p.Ala1045Ser) and did not explain CNS. In addition to daily parenteral albumin infusions plus furosemide, a pharmacological antiproteinuric therapy was started to reduce protein excretion. Based on the genetic results, immunosuppressive therapy with prednisolone was initiated, but without response. However, following cyclosporine A treatment, the patient achieved complete remission and now has good renal function, growth, and development. CONCLUSIONS A profound search for the cause of CNS is necessary but has its limitations. The therapeutic strategy should be adapted when the etiology remains unclear.
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Mutation spectrum of genes associated with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in Chinese children. Gene 2017; 625:15-20. [PMID: 28476686 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 20% of children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome do not respond to steroid therapy. More than 30 genes have been identified as disease-causing genes for the steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Few reports were from the Chinese population. The coding regions of genes commonly associated with SRNS were analyzed to characterize the gene mutation spectrum in children with SRNS in central China. The first phase study involved 38 children with five genes (NPHS1, NPHS2, PLCE1, WT1, and TRPC6) by Sanger sequencing. The second phase study involved 33 children with 17 genes by next generation DNA sequencing (NGS. 22 new patients, and 11 patients from first phase study but without positive findings). Overall deleterious or putatively deleterious gene variants were identified in 19 patients (31.7%), including four NPHS1 variants among five patients and three PLCE1 variants among four other patients. Variants in COL4A3, COL4A4, or COL4A5 were found in six patients. Eight novel variants were identified, including two in NPHS1, two in PLCE1, one in NPHS2, LAMB2, COL4A3, and COL4A4, respectively. 55.6% of the children with variants failed to respond to immunosuppressive agent therapy, while the resistance rate in children without variants was 44.4%. Our results show that screening for deleterious variants in some common genes in children clinically suspected with SRNS might be helpful for disease diagnosis as well as prediction of treatment efficacy and prognosis.
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R229Q Polymorphism of NPHS2 Gene in Group of Iraqi Children with Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome. Int J Nephrol 2017; 2017:1407506. [PMID: 28529802 PMCID: PMC5424166 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1407506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The polymorphism R229Q is one of the most commonly reported podocin sequence variations among steroid-resistant nephrotic syndromes (SRNS). Aim of the Study. We investigated the frequency and risk of this polymorphism among a group of Iraqi children with SRNS and steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS). Patients and Methods. A prospective case control study which was conducted in Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, spanning the period from the 1st of April 2015 to 30th of November 2015. Study sample consisted of 54 children having NS, divided into 2 groups: patients group consisted of 27 children with SRNS, and control group involved 27 children with SSNS. Both were screened by real time polymerase chain reaction for R229Q in exon 5 of NPHS2 gene. Results. Molecular study showed R229Q polymorphism in 96.3% of SRNS and 100% of SSNS. There were no phenotypic or histologic characteristics of patients bearing homozygous R229Q polymorphism and the patients with heterozygous R229Q polymorphism. Conclusion. Polymorphism R229Q of NPHS2 gene is prevalent in Iraqi children with SRNS and SSNS. Further study needs to be done, for other exons and polymorphism of NPHS2 gene in those patients.
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Cytoplasmic Localization of WT1 and Decrease of miRNA-16-1 in Nephrotic Syndrome. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9531074. [PMID: 28299339 PMCID: PMC5337320 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9531074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a glomerular disease that is defined by the leakage of protein into the urine and is associated with hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. Steroid-resistant NS (SRNS) patients do not respond to treatment with corticosteroids and show decreased Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) expression in podocytes. Downregulation of WT1 has been shown to be affected by certain microRNAs (miRNAs). Twenty-one patients with idiopathic NS (68.75% were SSNS and 31.25% SRNS) and 10 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Podocyte number and WT1 location were determined by immunofluorescence, and the serum levels of miR-15a, miR-16-1, and miR-193a were quantified by RT-qPCR. Low expression and delocalization of WT1 protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm were found in kidney biopsies of patients with SRNS and both nuclear and cytoplasmic localization were found in steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS) patients. In sera from NS patients, low expression levels of miR-15a and miR-16-1 were found compared with healthy controls, but only the miR-16-1 expression levels showed statistically significant decrease (p = 0.019). The miR-193a expression levels only slightly increased in NS patients. We concluded that low expression and delocalization from the WT1 protein in NS patients contribute to loss of podocytes while modulation from WT1 protein is not associated with the miRNAs analyzed in sera from the patients.
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Tsvetkov D, Hohmann M, Anistan YM, Mannaa M, Harteneck C, Rudolph B, Gollasch M. A CD2AP Mutation Associated with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis in Young Adulthood. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CASE REPORTS 2016; 9:15-9. [PMID: 26997877 PMCID: PMC4792198 DOI: 10.4137/ccrep.s30867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) have been identified in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS); however, reports of CD2AP mutations remain scarce. We performed Sanger sequencing in a patient with steroid-resistant FSGS and identified a heterozygous CD2AP mutation (p.T374A, c.1120 A > G). Our patient displayed mild cognitive decline, a phenotypic characteristic not previously associated with CD2AP-associated FSGS. His proteinuria was remarkably reduced by treatment with cyclosporine A. Our findings expand the genetic spectrum of CD2AP-associated disorders and broaden the associated phenotype with the co-occurrence of cognitive decline. Our case shows that cyclosporin A is a treatment option for CD2AP-associated nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Tsvetkov
- Nephrology/Intensive Care, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Yoland Marie Anistan
- Nephrology/Intensive Care, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marwan Mannaa
- Nephrology/Intensive Care, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Harteneck
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Rudolph
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Nephrology/Intensive Care, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.; Nephrology/Intensive Care, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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