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Ren Y, Xi Q, He Z, Sun H, Li S. Expression and Variations in EPO Associated with Oxygen Metabolism in Tibetan Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:535. [PMID: 38396503 PMCID: PMC10886301 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
After a long period of adaptive evolution, Tibetan sheep have adapted to the plateau environment in terms of genetics, physiology and biochemistry, but the mechanism of hypoxia adaptation has not been fully elucidated, and the functional genes and molecular mechanisms regulating the hypoxia adaptation of Tibetan sheep need to be further studied. In this study, Tibetan sheep were selected as the research object, and the mRNA expression levels of the hypoxa-related gene EPO in heart, lung, kidney, liver, spleen and longissimus dorsi muscle of Hu sheep (100 m) and Tibetan sheep at different altitudes (2500 m, 3500 m, 4500 m) were assessed by RT-qPCR. The SNPs loci were detected by sequencing and Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) technology, then the correlation between genetic polymorphism and blood gas was analyzed. The results show that the expression of the EPO gene was the highest in the kidney, indicating that the expression of EPO gene had tissue differences. The expression levels of the EPO gene in the heart, lung and liver of Tibetan sheep at a 4500 m altitude were significantly higher than those in Hu sheep (p < 0.05), and the levels in the hearts of Tibetan sheep increased with the increase in altitude. Three mutations were identified in the EPO gene, the SNPs (g.855 A > C) in exon 1 and the SNPs (g.1985 T > G and g.2115 G > C) in exon 4, which were named EPO-SNP1, EPO-SNP2 and EPO-SNP3, respectively, and all three SNPs showed three genotypes. Correlation analysis showed that g.2115 G > C sites were significantly correlated with pO2 (p < 0.05), and haplotype combinations were significantly correlated with pO2 (p < 0.05). Thesee results suggest that the expression of the EPO gene is altitude-differentiated and organ-differentiated, and the EPO gene variants have significant effects on pO2, which may be beneficial to the adaptation of Tibetan sheep to hypoxia stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ren
- Institute of Livestock Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850000, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Qiming Xi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhaohua He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hongxian Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shaobin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Tibetan Pig Livers at Different Altitudes. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041694. [PMID: 36838681 PMCID: PMC9960092 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the differences in protein profiles between the livers of Shannan Tibetan pigs (SNT), Linzhi Tibetan pigs (LZT) and Jiuzhaigou Tibetan pigs (JZT) were comparatively analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry-labeling quantitative proteomics. A total of 6804 proteins were identified: 6471 were quantified and 1095 were screened as differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Bioinformatics analysis results show that, compared with JZT livers, up-regulated DEPs in SNT and LZT livers mainly promoted hepatic detoxification through steroid hormone biosynthesis and participated in lipid metabolism to maintain body energy homeostasis, immune response and immune regulation, while down-regulated DEPs were mainly involved in lipid metabolism and immune regulation. Three proteases closely related to hepatic fatty acid oxidation were down-regulated in enzymatic activity, indicating higher levels of lipid oxidation in SNT and LZT livers than in JZT livers. Down-regulation of the expression of ten immunoglobulins suggests that JZT are more susceptible to autoimmune diseases. It is highly likely that these differences in lipid metabolism and immune-related proteins are in response to the ecological environment at different altitudes, and the findings contribute to the understanding of the potential molecular link between Tibetan pig livers and the environment.
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Li M, Tian X, Li X, Huang M, Huang S, Wu Y, Jiang M, Shi Y, Shi L, Wang Z. Diverse energy metabolism patterns in females in Neodon fuscus, Lasiopodomys brandtii, and Mus musculus revealed by comparative transcriptomics under hypoxic conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:147130. [PMID: 34088150 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of global warming and anthropogenic disturbance force animals to migrate from lower to higher elevations to find suitable new habitats. As such migrations increase hypoxic stress on the animals, it is important to understand how plateau- and plain-dwelling animals respond to low-oxygen environments. We used comparative transcriptomics to explore the response of Neodon fuscus, Lasiopodomys brandtii, and Mus musculus skeletal muscle tissues to hypoxic conditions. Results indicate that these species have adopted different oxygen transport and energy metabolism strategies for dealing with a hypoxic environment. N. fuscus promotes oxygen transport by increasing hemoglobin synthesis and reduces the risk of thrombosis through cooperative regulation of genes, including Fga, Fgb, Alb, and Ttr; genes such as Acs16, Gpat4, and Ndufb7 are involved in regulating lipid synthesis, fatty acid β-oxidation, hemoglobin synthesis, and electron-linked transmission, thereby maintaining a normal energy supply in hypoxic conditions. In contrast, the oxygen-carrying capacity and angiogenesis of red blood cells in L. brandtii are promoted by genes in the CYP and COL families; this species maintains its bodily energy supply by enhancing the pentose phosphate pathway and mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis pathway. However, under hypoxia, M. musculus cannot effectively transport additional oxygen; thus, its cell cycle, proliferation, and migration are somewhat affected. Given its lack of hypoxic tolerance experience, M. musculus also shows significantly reduced oxidative phosphorylation levels under hypoxic conditions. Our results suggest that the glucose capacity of M. musculus skeletal muscle does not provide sufficient energy during hypoxia; thus, we hypothesize that it supplements its bodily energy by synthesizing ketone bodies. For the first time, we describe the energy metabolism pathways of N. fuscus and L. brandtii skeletal muscle tissues under hypoxic conditions. Our findings, therefore, improve our understanding of how vertebrates thrive in high altitude and plain habitats when faced with hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiangyu Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Maolin Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Shuang Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yue Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Mengwan Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Luye Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; School of Physical Education (Main campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
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4
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Yang Y, Gao C, Yang T, Sha Y, Cai Y, Wang X, Yang Q, Liu C, Wang B, Zhao S. Characteristics of Tibetan pig lung tissue in response to a hypoxic environment on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:283-292. [PMID: 34235247 PMCID: PMC8253108 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-283-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To adapt to the plateau environment, Tibetan pigs' lungs have developed a
unique physiological mechanism during evolution. The vascular corrosion
casting technique and scanning electron microscopy were used to understand
arterial architecture. Blood physiological index and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used
for
assessing whether the lung can regulate the body through anatomical, physiological
and molecular mechanisms to adapt to hypoxic environments. Our study showed
that the lungs of Tibetan pigs were heavier and wider and that the pulmonary
arteries were thicker and branched and had a denser vascular network than
those of Landrace pigs. The hemoglobin (HGB), mean corpuscular hemoglobin
concentration (MCHC) values of high-altitude pigs were significantly higher
than those of low-altitude pigs. The expression levels of HIF-
1α
,
EPAS1, EPO and VEGF, but not those of
eNOSand EGLN1, were significantly higher in the lungs of
high-altitude pigs than in those from pigs at a lower altitude (
P<0.05
). These findings and a comprehensive analysis help elucidate the
pulmonary mechanism of hypoxic adaptation in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Caixia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Tianliang Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuzhu Sha
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuan Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xinrong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Qiaoli Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Chengze Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Biao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Cytoprotective effects of erythropoietin: What about the lung? Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111547. [PMID: 33831836 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (Epo) is a pleiotropic cytokine, essential for erythropoiesis. Epo and its receptor (Epo-R) are produced by several tissues and it is now admitted that Epo displays other physiological functions than red blood cell synthesis. Indeed, Epo provides cytoprotective effects, which consist in prevention or fight against pathological processes. This perspective article reviews the various protective effects of Epo in several organs and tries to give a proof of concept about its effects in the lung. The tissue-protective effects of Epo could be a promising approach to limit the symptoms of acute and chronic lung diseases.
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Yegen CH, Haine L, Marchant D, Boncoeur E, Voituron N. [Characterisation of the protective role of erythropoetin in a murine model of acute lung injury]. Rev Mal Respir 2020; 37:193-196. [PMID: 32146057 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In addition to its role in erythropoiesis, erythropoietin (Epo) plays a role in tissue protection, which includes cardioprotective, nephroprotective and neuroprotective effects. The presence of Epo and its receptor (Epo-R) in pulmonary tissue also suggests a cytoprotective effect of Epo in the lung. Our project aims to document this role in a murine model under-expressing Epo. The obtained results will lead to a better understanding of the cytoprotective effects of Epo and will also give an appreciation of its beneficial effects in cases of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Yegen
- Laboratoire Hypoxie et Poumon, UMR U1272 Inserm-Université Paris 13, 1, rue de Chablis, 93017 Bobigny cedex, France
| | - L Haine
- Laboratoire Hypoxie et Poumon, UMR U1272 Inserm-Université Paris 13, 1, rue de Chablis, 93017 Bobigny cedex, France
| | - D Marchant
- Laboratoire Hypoxie et Poumon, UMR U1272 Inserm-Université Paris 13, 1, rue de Chablis, 93017 Bobigny cedex, France
| | - E Boncoeur
- Laboratoire Hypoxie et Poumon, UMR U1272 Inserm-Université Paris 13, 1, rue de Chablis, 93017 Bobigny cedex, France.
| | - N Voituron
- Laboratoire Hypoxie et Poumon, UMR U1272 Inserm-Université Paris 13, 1, rue de Chablis, 93017 Bobigny cedex, France.
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