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Rudolf AM, Wu Q, Li L, Wang J, Huang Y, Togo J, Liechti C, Li M, Niu C, Nie Y, Wei F, Speakman JR. A single nucleotide mutation in the dual-oxidase 2 ( DUOX2) gene causes some of the panda's unique metabolic phenotypes. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 9:nwab125. [PMID: 35251670 PMCID: PMC8890364 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an iconic bear native to China, famous for eating almost exclusively bamboo. This unusual dietary behavior for a carnivore is enabled by several key adaptations including low physical activity, reduced organ sizes and hypothyroidism leading to lowered energy expenditure. These adaptive phenotypes have been hypothesized to arise from a panda-unique single-nucleotide mutation in the dual-oxidase 2 (DUOX2) gene, involved in thyroid hormone synthesis. To test this hypothesis, we created genome-edited mice carrying the same point mutation as the panda and investigated its effect on metabolic phenotype. Homozygous mice were 27% smaller than heterozygous and wild-type ones, had 13% lower body mass-adjusted food intake, 55% decreased physical activity, lower mass of kidneys (11%) and brain (5%), lower serum thyroxine (T4: 36%), decreased absolute (12%) and mass-adjusted (5%) daily energy expenditure, and altered gut microbiota. Supplementation with T4 reversed the effects of the mutation. This work uses a state-of-the-art genome editing approach to demonstrate the link between a single-nucleotide mutation in a key endocrine-related gene and profound adaptive changes in the metabolic phenotype, with great importance in ecology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata M Rudolf
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jacques Togo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Christopher Liechti
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chaoqun Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yonggang Nie
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fuwen Wei
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Centre of Excellence for Animal Ecology and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - John R Speakman
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
- Centre of Excellence for Animal Ecology and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Barrera GP, Villamizar LF, Espinel C, Quintero EM, Belaich MN, Toloza DL, Ghiringhelli PD, Vargas G. Identification of Diatraea spp. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) based on cytochrome oxidase II. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184053. [PMID: 28873431 PMCID: PMC5584955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Diatraea spp. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) are a group of insects that are agriculture pests in many economically relevant crops such as sugarcane, sorghum, corn and rice. Recognized species for this genus respond differentially to natural enemies used in their biological control, emphasizing the importance of species in a regional approach. Currently, identification is based on the male genitalia. However, the availability of specimens collected from field and subjectivity based on the character recognition can seriously hamper species identification, and therefore result in inadequate pest management. To overcome this, individuals of Diatraea spp. preliminarily classified male genitalia and obtained from reared conditions and the field (both derived from natural populations occurring in Colombia) were analyzed using genitalic morphometry and molecular biology specifically using a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase subunit II (CO II) mitochondrial gene. Although morphometric analysis did not show any overriding results regarding genitalia morphology, the bioinformatics analyses of CO II sequences resulted in an adequate classification of the individuals within the recognized species. It also, revealed that the occurrence of clades associated with geographical distribution may be associated with cryptic species. The latter was also confirmed by a Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) methodology evaluating the same fragment of CO II. This experimental approach allows properly recognizing each species and in consequence is proposed as an effective tool in Diatraea species identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Patricia Barrera
- Centro de investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria CORPOICA, Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia
- * E-mail:
| | - Laura Fernanda Villamizar
- Centro de investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria CORPOICA, Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia
- AgResearch Ltd. Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Carlos Espinel
- Centro de investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria CORPOICA, Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Edgar Mauricio Quintero
- Centro de investigación de la caña de azúcar de Colombia (CENICAÑA), Calle 58 norte No. 3BN-110. Cali, Colombia
| | - Mariano Nicolás Belaich
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular—Área Virosis de Insectos (LIGBCM—AVI), Dto. de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, Bernal, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Deisy Liseth Toloza
- Centro de investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria CORPOICA, Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Pablo Daniel Ghiringhelli
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular—Área Virosis de Insectos (LIGBCM—AVI), Dto. de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, Bernal, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Germán Vargas
- Centro de investigación de la caña de azúcar de Colombia (CENICAÑA), Calle 58 norte No. 3BN-110. Cali, Colombia
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