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Badaut C, Guyonnet L, Milet J, Renard E, Durand R, Viwami F, Sagbo G, Layla F, Deloron P, Bonnefoy S, Migot-Nabias F. Immunoglobulin response to Plasmodium falciparum RESA proteins in uncomplicated and severe malaria. Malar J 2015; 14:278. [PMID: 26178656 PMCID: PMC4502540 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The three members of the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA) proteins family share high sequence homologies, which impair the detection and assignment to one or another protein of some pathogenic processes inherent to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The present study was intended to determine if the antibody and inflammatory responses of children living in a malaria-endemic area varied depending on the RESA-1, RESA-2 or RESA-3 proteins and the severity of the disease, two groups of severe and uncomplicated malaria cases being considered. METHODS Two synthetic peptides representing predicted B cell epitopes were designed per RESA protein, all located outside of the 3' and 5' repetition blocks, in order to allow an antibody detection specific of each member of the family. Recombinant rRESA-1B and rRESA-3B proteins were also engineered. Two groups of Beninese children admitted to hospital in 2009 for either uncomplicated or severe malaria were compared for their plasma levels of IgG specifically recognizing each recombinant RESA protein or synthetic peptide, and for their plasma inflammatory cytokine levels (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-10), taking into account host and parasite genetic factors. RESULTS The absence of IgG cross-reactivity between rRESA proteins and their protein carrier as well as between each RESA peptide and a non-epitopic RESA control peptide validated the use of the engineered recombinant proteins and peptides for the measurement of plasma IgG. Taking into account age, fever duration and parasitaemia, a multiple logistic regression performed on children clustered according to their antibody responses' profiles concluded to an increased risk of severe malaria for P2 (representative of RESA-1) responders (P = 0.007). Increased IL-10 plasma levels were found in children harbouring multiclonal P. falciparum infections on the basis of the T1526G resa2 gene polymorphism (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS This study provided novel tools to dissect the seroreactivity against the three members of the RESA protein family and to describe its relation to protection against malaria. It suggested the measurement of plasma antibodies raised against specific peptides to serve as predictive immunologic markers for disease severity. Lastly, it reinforced previous observations linking the T1526G resa2 gene mutation to severe malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Badaut
- Equipe résidente de recherche en infectiologie tropicale, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, France.
| | - Léa Guyonnet
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France. .,COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. .,Paris Cardiovascular Centre (PARCC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U970, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Jacqueline Milet
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France. .,COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Renard
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France. .,COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
| | - Rémy Durand
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France. .,COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. .,Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital Avicenne, AP-HP, Bobigny, France.
| | - Firmine Viwami
- Centre d'Étude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et l'Enfance (CERPAGE), Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Gratien Sagbo
- Service de Pédiatrie, Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert K. Maga, Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Francis Layla
- Service de Pédiatrie, Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert K. Maga, Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Philippe Deloron
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France. .,COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
| | - Serge Bonnefoy
- Unité de Biologie Cellulaire des Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1201, Paris, France.
| | - Florence Migot-Nabias
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France. .,COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. .,Faculté de Pharmacie, IRD UMR216, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France.
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Cheng Q, Zhang Q, Xu X, Yin L, Sun L, Lin X, Dong C, Pan W. MAPK phosphotase 5 deficiency contributes to protection against blood-stage Plasmodium yoelii 17XL infection in mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:3686-96. [PMID: 24634491 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cell-mediated immunity plays a crucial role in the development of host resistance to asexual blood-stage malaria infection. However, little is known of the regulatory factors involved in this process. In this study, we investigated the impact of MAPK phosphotase 5 (MKP5) on protective immunity against a lethal Plasmodium yoelii 17XL blood-stage infection using MKP5 knockout C57BL/6 mice. Compared with wild-type control mice, MKP5 knockout mice developed significantly lower parasite burdens with prolonged survival times. We found that this phenomenon correlated with a rapid and strong IFN-γ-dependent cellular immune response during the acute phase of infection. Inactivation of IFN-γ by the administration of a neutralizing Ab significantly reduced the protective effects in MKP5 knockout mice. By analyzing IFN-γ production in innate and adaptive lymphocyte subsets, we observed that MKP5 deficiency specifically enhanced the IFN-γ response mediated by CD4+ T cells, which was attributable to the increased stimulatory capacity of splenic CD11c+ dendritic cells. Furthermore, following vaccination with whole blood-stage soluble plasmodial Ag, MKP5 knockout mice acquired strongly enhanced Ag-specific immune responses and a higher level of protection against subsequent P. yoelii 17XL challenge. Finally, we found the enhanced response mediated by MKP5 deficiency resulted in a lethal consequence in mice when infected with nonlethal P. yoelii 17XNL. Thus, our data indicate that MKP5 is a potential regulator of immune resistance against Plasmodium infection in mice, and that an understanding of the role of MKP5 in manipulating anti-malaria immunity may provide valuable information on the development of better control strategies for human malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Cheng
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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Possible association of the Plasmodium falciparum T1526C resa2 gene mutation with severe malaria. Malar J 2012; 11:128. [PMID: 22533816 PMCID: PMC3422168 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-11-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plasmodium falciparum exports proteins that remodel the erythrocyte membrane. One such protein, called Pf155/RESA (RESA1) contributes to parasite fitness, optimizing parasite survival during febrile episodes. Resa1 gene is a member of a small family comprising three highly related genes. Preliminary evidence led to a search for clues indicating the involvement of RESA2 protein in the pathophysiology of malaria. In the present study, cDNA sequence of resa2 gene was obtained from two different strains. The proportion of P. falciparum isolates having a non-stop T1526C mutation in resa2 gene was evaluated and the association of this genotype with severity of malaria was investigated. Methods Resa2 cDNAs of two different strains (a patient isolate and K1 culture adapted strain) was obtained by RT-PCR and DNA sequencing was performed to confirm its gene structure. The proportion of isolates having a T1526C mutation was evaluated using a PCR-RFLP methodology on groups of severe malaria and uncomplicated patients recruited in 1991–1994 in Senegal and in 2009 in Benin. Results A unique ORF with an internal translation stop was found in the patient isolate (Genbank access number : JN183870), while the K1 strain harboured the T1526C mutation (Genbank access number : JN183869) which affects the internal stop codon and restores a full length coding sequence. About 14% of isolates obtained from Senegal and Benin harboured mutant T1526C parasites. Some isolates had both wild and mutant resa alleles. The analysis excluding those mixed isolates showed that the resa2 T1526C mutation was found more frequently in severe malaria cases than in uncomplicated cases (p = 0.008). The association of the presence of the mutant allele and parasitaemia >4% was shown in multivariate analysis (p = 0.03) in the group of Beninese children. Conclusions All T1526C mutant parasites theoretically have the ability to give rise to a full-length RESA2 protein. This study raises the hypothesis that the RESA2 protein could favour high-density infections. Other studies in various geographic settings and probably including more patients are now required to replicate these results and to answer the questions raised by these results.
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Souto FJD, Fontes CJF, Gaspar AMC. Relation between hepatitis B carrier status and antibody against synthetic Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte surface (pf155 - RESA) antigen. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2002; 97:197-8. [PMID: 12016442 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762002000200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A survey on Plasmodium infection was carried out in gold mine camps located in the Brazilian Amazon. Antibody against P. falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA) was quantified by an enzyme-immunoassay in order to assess P. falciparum exposure. Hepatitis B, a common infection in this area, was also investigated by serologic markers. Among 520 sampled subjects, 517 (99.4%) admitted previous symptomatic malaria, 106 (20.4%) had positive thick smears for malaria, 82.9% had HBV markers, and 7.1% were HBsAg positive. Anti-RESA titers was significantly lower in HBV carriers than in people with resolved HBV infection suggesting that the anti-RESA immune response could be supressed by HBV carrier status. Moreover, immunedeficient responses to both infections may take place in some subjects causing concomitant lower anti-RESA response and incapacity to clear HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco José Dutra Souto
- Núcleo de Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas e Tropicais, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, 78048-790, Brasil.
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