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Bayraktar E, Çınar SL, Ozmen N. Do complaints related to vitiligo affect sexual quality of life and marital adjustment? Health Care Women Int 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38588606 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2024.2335497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The authors aimed at evaluating the effect of vitiligo on female sexual function and Dyadic Adjustment in a hospital-based study as gender negatively affected the marital quality of vitiligo patients, more in women. A total of 153 patients who applied to the dermatology outpatient clinic of a tertiary university hospital were interviewed. However, 120 vitiligo patients who were married and had a sexually active partner and suitable the inclusion criteria were included in the study. It is seen that the mean score of the DAC is 43.13±5.11, and the mean score of the SQOL-F is 52.57±5.39. Vitiligo has a negative effect on a woman's sexual life and Dyadic Adjustment. Early identification of sexual problems in vitiligo patients and planning their future course of management can aid in improving the marital adjustment and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Bayraktar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Salih Levent Çınar
- Department of Dermatology Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nurten Ozmen
- Department of Surgery Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Koçak V, Aksoy YE. Female genital self-image and body appreciation in Turkish women: a mixed methods study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2024; 27:219-232. [PMID: 38006426 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-023-01397-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated negative genital self-image in women and determined the effect of education on natural/normal female genital appearance diversity on the change in women's genital self-image. The type of research is a mixed method descriptive study. The participants were 259 women living in Turkey. In the first stage of the study, female genital self-image levels and body appreciation levels were evaluated. In the second stage of the study, women were interviewed thoroughly about negative female genital self-image, and then, visual education presentation was made on natural/normal female genital diversity. One week after the presentation, the women's genital self-image levels were re-evaluated. In the first phase of the study, the mean Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS) total score was 22.07 ± 4.07 and the mean Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) total score was 42.40 ± 8.13 of the women. Higher FGSIS and BAS scores showed an increase in women's positive genital self-image and body appreciation. The relationship between the FGSIS and the BAS scale scores of the women was found to be significantly correlated (r = 0.401, p < 0.001). In the second stage of the study, four main themes were examined as "positive thoughts," "size and image," "metaphors related to genital organs," and "negative thoughts." In conclusion, in the first phase, it was determined that women's feeling of discomfort with their sexual organs during sexual intercourse, comparing their genital organs with other women's genital organs, thinking of genital organ aesthetic surgery, and BAS scores were associated with FGSIS scores. In the second phase, women's positive or negative feelings and thoughts about their genital self-image were revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesile Koçak
- Nursing Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey.
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Samiei G, Mehrbakhsh Z, Khosravi H, Moghasemi S. Genital self-image and sexual function in Iranian women from pregnancy to postpartum: a cohort study. J Sex Med 2024:qdae019. [PMID: 38501193 DOI: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genital self-image is among the factors affecting women's sexual function. AIM The present study aimed to determine changes in the genital self-image and its relationship with women's sexual function in the third trimester of pregnancy and postpartum. METHODS The participants of this prospective cohort study included 301 eligible pregnant women chosen through stratified random sampling with proportional allocation from comprehensive health centers in Gorgan, Iran. The Persian version of the 7-item Female Genital Self-Image Scale, the 6-item Female Sexual Function Index, and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 were filled in a self-report manner on 2 occasions: (1) 30 to 37 weeks of pregnancy and (2) 12 to 16 weeks (± 2 weeks) postpartum. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS 24 software. OUTCOMES Outcomes included Female Genital Self-Image Scale and Female Sexual Function Index changes from pregnancy to postpartum according to the childbirth mode. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 29.66 ± 5.27 years. These values for the genital self-image scores of women during pregnancy (19.18 ± 3.25) and postpartum (19.43 ± 3.57) were not significantly different (P = .30). Also, this difference was not statistically significant regarding the mode of delivery in 2 groups of women with vaginal birth (P = .62) and cesarean section (P = .14). The mean Female Sexual Function Index scores during pregnancy (15.15 ± 6.73) and postpartum (17.52 ± 6.46) were significantly different (P = .001). In addition, this difference was significant in women with vaginal birth (P = .004) and cesarean section (P = .001). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Clinicians should inform women/couples about changes in female sexual function and address genital self-image as a factor involved in female sexual function during pregnancy and postpartum.Strengths and Limitations: Because the participants of this study were women in the third trimester of pregnancy, the obtained results may not be generalized to pregnant women in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy or even to different postpartum periods (ie, midterm and long term). CONCLUSION The results showed that the female genital self-image is not significantly different during pregnancy and postpartum, or with the mode of delivery. However, the female sexual function score in postpartum is higher than in pregnancy, regardless of the mode of delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazale Samiei
- Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan 49341-74522, Iran
| | - Zahra Mehrbakhsh
- Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838687, Iran
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan 4918936316, Iran
| | - Hamideh Khosravi
- Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan 49341-74522, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Moghasemi
- Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan 49341-74522, Iran
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Acar Bektaş H, Öcalan D. The relationship between women's mode of delivery, body image, self-respect, and genital self-image. Int Urogynecol J 2023; 34:2885-2892. [PMID: 37530801 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-023-05610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Many factors affect women's genital self-image. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between women's mode of delivery, body image, self-esteem, and genital self-image. METHODS The research was carried out in two public hospitals between 15 January 2022 and 30 June 2022. The study sample consisted of a total of 197 multiparous women in the early postpartum period. They were asked to fill out a Personal Information Form, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the Body-Esteem Scale (BES), and the Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS), based on self-report. The Chi-squared, Pearson's correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis were used. RESULTS Of the participants, 49.50% had a vaginal delivery, and 50.50% had a cesarean section. Their mean scores were 0.64 ± 0.62 on the RSES, 155.01 ± 24.40 on the BIS, and 20.97 ± 4.39 on the FGSIS. As the women's age increased, their mean FGSIS score also increased. There was negative correlation between women's mean RSES and FGSIS scores. A positive, significant correlation was found between the mean FGSIS and BES scores of the women. Of the variables included in the multiple linear regression model, age, self-esteem, and body image were statistically significant predictors 19.5% of the FGSIS score (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Mode of delivery was not a predictor of female genital self-image in the early postpartum period. Women with high self-esteem had a positive body image and genital self-image. Age, self-esteem, and body image were influential on female genital self-image. On the other hand, age, self-esteem, and body image predicted about 19.5% of female genital self-image according to multiple linear regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Acar Bektaş
- Faculty of Health Science, Midwifery Department, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey.
| | - Dilek Öcalan
- Faculty of Health Science, Midwifery Department, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
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Khosravi H, Mehrbakhsh Z, Moghasemi S, Samiei G. Preferred mode of delivery association with the body image and genital image in pregnant women - a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:490. [PMID: 37403041 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women experience several changes in their appearance, body shape and body image. In some studies, there has been a relationship between these changes and the type of delivery. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of the prenatal body image and genital image with the mode of delivery preferred by pregnant women in Gorgan in 2020. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 334 pregnant women were selected by stratified sampling. The Prenatal Body Image Questionnaire (PBIQ), Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS), pregnant women's preferences for mode of delivery questionnaire (PPMDQ) and DASS-21 were completed on line. The data was analyzed using Spearman test and linear regression. RESULTS The average score of PBIQ, FGSIS, and PPMDQ was 68.24 (standard deviation = 17.71), 19.25 (standard deviation = 3.3), and 63.12 (standard deviation = 3.3) respectively. Vaginal delivery as a preferred mode of delivery was inversely correlated with dissatisfaction with body image (r=-0.32, P < 0.001), and directly correlated with satisfaction with the genital image (r = 0.19, P < 0.001). There was a significant inverse correlation between prenatal body image dissatisfaction and genital image satisfaction (r=-0.32, P < 0.001). While FGSIS score could not predict PPMDQ, PBIQ score could. CONCLUSIONS Satisfaction with the prenatal body image or genital image is associated with the choice of vaginal delivery. These results can be the basis for prenatal care and childbirth counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Khosravi
- Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Centre, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zahra Mehrbakhsh
- Department of Biostatistics , School of Public health, Hamadan University of Medical sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public health, Golestan University of Medical sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Moghasemi
- Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Centre, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Ghazale Samiei
- Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Centre, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Mohammed GF, Al-Dhubaibi MS, Mohamed ML. Genital whitening with topical Cyperus rotundus Oil enhance sexuality and quality of life. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4490-4502. [PMID: 35290702 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyperus Rotundus Essential Oil (CREO) is an anti-inflammatory and depigmenting agent that helps treat hyperpigmentation. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the depigmenting effect of CREO on genital hyperpigmentation to that of arbutin (ARB), as well as to evaluate the association between genital lightening, genital self-image, sexual performance, and life quality. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three hundred and eight healthy people were categorized into 3 groups: the CREO group, the ARB group, and the cold cream group (CC). In genital pigmentation, the tristimulus colorimeter is used to assess erythema and pigmentation. Additionally, we aided in the development of the female genital self-image scale (FGSIS-4), the female sexual function index (FSFI), and the dermatology life quality index (DLQI). RESULT The reduction in genital hyperpigmentation was significantly greater in the CREO and ARB groups than in the CC group; in physician global assessment and patients' self-assessment, the results in treated bikini with the CREO and ARB groups were excellent when compared to the CC. Furthermore, no adverse effects were found in the CREO group, but mild irritation was found in the ARB group; additionally, the percentage of hair growth, color and luminance reduction, and hair thickness were significantly reduced in the CREO group only. In addition, there were significantly different in FGSIS, FSFI, and DLQI between the CREO and ARB groups and the CC group. CONCLUSION CREO is equivalently efficacious in decreasing pigmentation, inflammation, and hair growth in the genital area. Positive changes boost female genital self-image, self-esteem, and sexual performance. Improving sexual health has a positive impact on quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada F Mohammed
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Sexology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - Mariam Lotfy Mohamed
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology, faculty of medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
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Alves R, Gomes T, Baqueiro P, Fróes Meyer P, Barros D, Schiattarella A, Fichera M, Silva L, de Santana BI, Lordelo P. A Standardized Evaluation Method for Assessing Patients With Genital Dyschromia. Cureus 2021; 13:e15840. [PMID: 34322333 PMCID: PMC8298189 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The population's ever-growing concern with genital aesthetic dysfunctions reflects an increasing demand in the field of intimate aesthetics. For this reason, as well as the lack of a standardized evaluation, this paper aims to develop a form that facilitates the initial investigation of aesthetic genital dysfunctions. Methods An evaluation form for female and male genital dyschromia was developed between July and November 2018. Following initial development, the form was evaluated for quality and was updated by a panel of specialists (a psychologist, two pelvic dysfunction physiotherapists, and two dermato-functional physiotherapists) via email and through a content validity questionnaire. The face validity of the form was assessed by five physiotherapy and medical students who were randomly selected. The students answered a questionnaire evaluating the proposed form. The reliability of the form was established through the test-retest procedure by evaluating its reproducibility over time. Results The “Genital Dyschromia Evaluation Form'' (composed of identification, anamnesis, and physical examination sections) was approved by the specialist panel. They suggested questions to be added in the anamnesis (dermatological lesions or fungal and bacterial infections) and physical examination (hyperemia, edema in the perianal and internal thigh region) sections. As for the image analysis, an increase in quality, resolution, and sharpness was suggested. Lastly, for the cutaneous phototype evaluation, the DoctorSkinFototipo® digital analyzer device was chosen since it is small, portable, easily positioned on the genital area, and can be readily cleaned between patients. Conclusion The “Genital Dyschromia Evaluation Form” is a questionnaire approved by specialists and could represent a suitable option for health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Alves
- Pelvic Floor Care Center, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, BRA
| | - Tâmara Gomes
- Pelvic Floor Care Center, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, BRA
| | - Priscilla Baqueiro
- Pelvic Floor Care Center, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, BRA
| | | | - Daniela Barros
- Pelvic Floor Care Center, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, BRA
| | - Antonio Schiattarella
- General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, ITA
| | - Michele Fichera
- General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, ITA
| | - Laizza Silva
- Pelvic Floor Care Center, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, BRA
| | | | - Patrícia Lordelo
- Medicine, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, BRA
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