Aerobic versus resistance exercises on systemic inflammation and sleep parameters in obese subjects with chronic insomnia syndrome

Global trends and hotspots in exercise therapy for insomnia research: bibliometric and visual analysis

Objective

This study analyzes trends and hotspots in the research on exercise for insomnia using bibliometric methods and visually presents key information in the field.

Methods

Using Web of Science Core Collection as a source of literature, Microsoft Excel 2019, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the Bibliometrix package based on R language software were used to create visualization graphs and analyze the publications by country and region, institution, journal, author, reference, and keyword.

Results

This study included 1,419 papers. The overall number of publications showed an increasing trend, and the highest number of papers in this field were published by the United States and China by country, the University of California System in the United States by institution, and Markus Gerber from Switzerland by author. The trends and hotspots in this field identified through keyword analysis include "insomnia," exercise," "depression," "older adults," and "quality of life."

Conclusion

The research field of exercise therapy for insomnia is receiving increasing attention, and this study provides a clear and intuitive reference for researchers.

The effects of different training programs on sleep and academic performance of senior high school boy students: a randomized controlled trial

Objective

To explore the effects of different physical training programs on the sleep of boy students in a senior high school, and to provide a reference for effectively improving the sleep level of students in a senior high school, as well as optimizing the physical training program.

Methods

77 boys in 11th grade of a senior high school were randomly divided into four groups: Group I (traditional training), Group II (strength training), Group III (HIIT training), and Group IV (strength +HIIT training). At the points before and after the intervention, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and examination scores were measured as indicators of the sleep health and academic performance of students in senior high school, and the intervention effects of different schemes were compared.

Results

(1) After the intervention, the PSQI global score of Group II, Group III, and Group IV was significantly lower than that of Group I (p < 0.001, p = 0.004, p = 0.01, respectively), and the PSQI global score (p < 0.001, p = 0.02, p < 0.001, respectively), sleep latency (p = 0.008, p = 0.003, p = 0.005, respectively) and sleep duration (p < 0.001, p = 0.005, p = 0.003, respectively) were significantly lower than those before intervention; (2) After intervention, the score of sleep disturbances of Group IV was significantly lower than that before intervention (p = 0.02); (3) After the intervention, academic performance among the four groups show no significance (p = 0.886 > 0.05), while Group IV was significantly higher than that before intervention (p = 0.047).

Conclusion

Compared with traditional training programs, strength training, HIIT and strength+HIIT training programs have a stabilizing and improving effect on the sleep health level of senior high school boy students, mainly reflected by reducing sleep latency and increasing sleep duration. All four training programs can improve academic performance, while the strength+HIIT training program produced a more significant effect.

The effect of exercise therapy on pain, fatigue, bone function and inflammatory biomarkers individuals with rheumatoid arthritis and knee osteoarthritis: a meta-research review of randomized controlled trials

Background

Accumulating evidence suggested the potential role of exercise in alleviating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, whether exercise improves physical function (walk test, grip strength, muscle strength, joint assessments) and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with RA is unclear. This umbrella meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of exercise in patients with RA.

Method

PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Central Library databases were systematically searched for meta-analyses of randomized control trials (RCTs) to retrieve relevant studies. The effect sizes were pooled using a random-effects model, with standardized or weighted mean differences (SMDs or WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as summary statistics.

Results

Seventeen studies were included. The improving effects of exercise on fatigue levels (SMD = -0.28, 95% CI: -0.44, -0.13), pain intensity (ES = -0.50, 95% CI: -0.87, -0.14), disease activity score in joints (DAS) (WMD = -0.54, 95% CI: -0.99, -0.09; and SMD = -0.47, 95% CI: -0.64, -0.30), and ESR (ES = -0.85, 95% CI: -1.66, -0.03) were significant. No significant impact on the hand grip, muscle strength, walk test, joints and inflammatory biomarkers was observed.

Conclusion

Exercise significantly reduces fatigue, pain, DAS, and ESR in RA but shows no impact on grip strength, muscle strength, walk test, joints, or other inflammatory biomarkers. This highlights its role in symptom management rather than broad physiological changes.

The effects of resistance are superior to aerobic exercise in improving delayed sleep-wake phase disorder in male college students

INTRODUCTION

Delayed sleep-wake phase disorder(DSWPD)is a serious threat to the physical and mental health. There are some problems with current clinical treatment methods, and exercise is an alternative to chronotherapy. Therefore, we aimed to study the effects of two different exercise methods, aerobic and resistance, on sleep, melatonin, inflammatory factors and mood in college students with DSWPD.

METHODS

Male college students aged 18-28 years with DSWPD and no regular exercise habits were recruited to participate in a randomized crossover trial. Three-day moderate-intensity aerobic and resistance exercises were conducted. Sleep quality, urine melatonin concentration, blood inflammatory factors, and mood changes were evaluated.

RESULTS

Resistance exercise (RE) improved five sleep indicators (P < 0.05),including sleep onset time, sleep onset latency, total sleep time, wake after sleep onset and sleep efficiency, whereas aerobic exercise (AE) only improved sleep onset time and sleep efficiency (P < 0.05). In addition, RE and AE increased urine aMT6s, IL-10 and decreased IL-6. But RE was more effective in improving sleep onset time, sleep efficiency and urine aMT6s, IL-6. In terms of mood indicators, aerobic and resistance reduced self-rating anxiety scale, but AE also had an improvement effect on self-rating depression scale.

CONCLUSION

Aerobic and resistance exercises can cause male college students with DSWPD to fall asleep earlier, improve sleep quality, increase melatonin concentration, reduce body inflammation, promote the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and improve mood. Of the two exercise intervention methods, the effect of RE was more significant.

Association of Insomnia, Lipid Profile, and Lipid-Lowering Medications: A Narrative Review

Sleep is a fundamental phenomenon that helps maintain normal physiological processes. Conversely, sleep disorders, usually presented as insomnia, are a common public health problem that can lead to multiple pathophysiological changes in humans, including lipid metabolic abnormality. Interestingly, several previous studies have examined the potential relation of insomnia to metabolic syndrome and hyperlipidemia and found that insomnia was associated with elevated plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. This review summarizes evidence regarding the linkage between insomnia and lipid abnormalities. Moreover, the underlying physiologic mechanisms linking insomnia to lipid abnormalities are systemically discussed. Finally, issues with lipid-lowering drugs and the risk of insomnia are also presented. This knowledge can improve our understanding of the pathophysiological features of insomnia, which may help to prevent and treat insomnia-induced dyslipidemia clinically.

Effects of exercise on sleep quality in general population: Meta-analysis and systematic review

PURPOSE

Sleep is the foundation of human physiological health and psychological health, as well as one of the basic needs for human survival. Sleep quality problems are prevalent in the population, and poor sleep quality is often closely related to the occurrence of many diseases, which seriously affects the quality of life and may even result in a shortened lifespan, so that improving sleep health has become a real problem that needs to be solved urgently. Exercise, as an important non-pharmacological tool, has been widely used for sleep quality enhancement, while the efficacy of exercise on subjective and objective sleep with respect to individual sleep quality remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of exercise on subjective sleep quality and objective sleep efficiency in a non-athlete population, and to further rank the effectiveness of exercise types to provide appropriate means of exercise to improve sleep.

METHODS

This study was evaluated by literature search in five databases, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, and EBSCO, and paired meta-analysis and network meta-analysis were performed using Review Manager 5.3 and stata16.0.

RESULTS

A total of 7494 studies were retrieved, and 81 eligible randomized controlled trials involving 6193 subjects were finally included. The primary outcome metrics included subjective sleep quality (PSQI), and the secondary outcome was objective sleep efficiency (SE), of which 65 reported PSQI and 23 reported SE. The results of paired meta-analysis showed that exercise significantly decreased PSQI [MD = -1.77, (95 % CI = -2.28,-1.25),P < 0.05] and increased SE [MD = 4.81, (95 % CI = 2.89,6.73),P < 0.05]. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that body and mind exercise [MD = -2.28, (95 % CI = -3.19,-1.36),P < 0.05, SUCRA = 85.6] may be the best exercise to improve PSQI, and aerobic exercise [MD = 5.02, (95 % CI = 2.52,7.52),P < 0.05, SUCRA = 75.1] is most likely to be the best type of exercise to improve SE. In regression analyses, there was a moderating effect of exercise cycle (β = -0.25 [0.40, 0.46], SE = 0.10 [P = 0.015, R2 = 0.24]) and age (β = -0.20 [-0.04, -0.01, SE = -2.06 [P = 0.039,R2 = 0.16]) as moderators of objective sleep efficiency.

CONCLUSION

Exercise is effective in improving both subjective and objective sleep quality. Body and mind exercise, aerobic exercise, and aerobic combined with resistance exercise may be the preferred way to improve sleep, and the longer the exercise cycle, the more obvious the improvement in sleep effect, the improvement effect will gradually decrease with age.

Sleep Disorders in Connective Tissue Diseases-Coexisting Diseases or Disease Components?

This comprehensive review examines the complex relationship between sleep disorders and rheumatic diseases, supported by findings from the latest research articles. It encompasses various rheumatic conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and systemic sclerosis. The review reveals the bidirectional relationship between sleep disorders and these diseases, emphasizing their impact on disease progression and quality of life. Conventional and alternative therapeutic interventions for connective tissue diseases are presented, focusing on improving sleep quality and alleviating rheumatic symptoms. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their potential modulation through pharmacological agents is also discussed. In the treatment of sleep disorders, various options are proposed, such as cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, physical activity, dietary modifications, and alternative approaches like reflexology and acupuncture. Thus, this review offers a nuanced understanding of the connection between sleep disorders and rheumatic diseases, supported by evidence from diverse studies. Such an approach is particularly important because it enhances sleep quality for overall patient well-being in the holistic management of rheumatic conditions.

Role of exercise in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases associated with sleep disorders

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death among urban and rural residents and have become a major global public health problem. The prevention and control of cardiovascular disease risk factors is crucial for preventing, stabilizing, and even reversing cardiovascular disease. Studies have found that certain sleep disorders are directly related to cardiovascular disease and may be induced through pathways such as endothelial dysfunction, dysregulation of autonomic homeostasis, inflammatory response, and metabolic dysfunction. Exercise helps improve sleep disorders and thus reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and has irreplaceable advantages over pharmacological treatments for improving sleep. Different types of sleep disorders should be adjusted by factors such as exercise mode, intensity, and duration of exercise. A good sleep state further reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease. Discussing the effect of exercise on the improvement of the risk of cardiovascular disease associated with sleep disorders, and elaborating the mechanism of action of exercise in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease from the perspective of sleep, can lay a foundation for the treatment of sleep disorders by exercise and propose new directions for reducing cardiovascular disease risk.

The effects of exercise on insomnia disorders: An umbrella review and network meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE

To summarize the evidence of various exercise modalities on population with insomnia disorders.

METHOD

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for eligible studies published from inception to October 2022 and updated on September 2023. Systematic reviews with meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials designed to investigate the effect of various exercise modalities on population with insomnia were eligible.

RESULTS

A total of 4 SRs with (very) low methodological quality and 1034 participants in 10 network meta-analyses explored the association between different types and intensity exercise modalities with insomnia disorders. Various exercise modalities could significantly improve total sleep time and sleep quality and alleviate insomnia severity. Compared to passive control, moderate aerobic exercise, moderate aerobic exercise combined with light intensity strength and mind-body exercise can improve sleep efficiency and reduce wake after sleep onset by objectively measured. Moderate intensity strength, light intensity strength and mind-body exercise can improve sleep efficiency subjectively measured; mind-body exercise can reduce sleep onset latency and wake time after sleep onset, and increase total sleep time; moderate aerobic exercise can reduce sleep onset latency. Moderate intensity strength, light intensity strength, mind body exercise and moderate aerobic exercise combined with light intensity strength can the severity of insomnia and improv sleep quality.

CONCLUSION

Exercise had a positive effect on relief insomnia and improve sleep quality. Moderate aerobic exercise, mind-body exercise and moderate aerobic exercise combined with light intensity strength play an important role in improving the sleep quality in people with insomnia disorders.

Exercise may not just be good for sleep; It can also help lower cardiovascular event risk

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) stand at the forefront of global mortality, presenting an immense and urgent public health challenge on a global scale. Effectively addressing the associated risk factors is pivotal in not only preventing but also stabilizing and potentially reversing the progression of these conditions. Emerging research illuminates a compelling correlation between sleep disorders and CVD. Clinically, individuals afflicted with existing CVD or those possessing risk factors frequently grapple with sleep disturbances, exacerbating their conditions, particularly in severe cases where disease progression is accelerated. Even among ostensibly healthy individuals, chronic sleep deprivation exacts a toll on cardiovascular function. The strategic implementation of exercise interventions emerges as a potent tool in enhancing sleep quality, surpassing the efficacy of pharmaceutical treatments. Furthermore, the maintenance of optimal sleep patterns significantly contributes to lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This comprehensive review delves deeply into the intricate relationship between exercise and the amelioration of cardiovascular disease risk associated with sleep. Moreover, it meticulously elucidates the complex mechanisms through which exercise operates, effectively reducing cardiovascular disease risk from the unique perspective of sleep science.

Effect of an Aerobic Dancing Program on Sleep Quality for Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Poor Sleep: A Randomized Controlled Trial

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effects of an aerobic dancing program on sleep quality of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and poor sleep.

DESIGN

The study adopted a single-blinded randomized controlled trial design.

SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS

Community-dwelling adults older than 60 years screened with the coexistence of MCI and poor sleep were included. A total of 89 eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive either the aerobic dancing program or the health education attention placebo control group.

METHODS

The primary outcome was sleep quality, which was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The second outcome was cognitive function, which was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle. Generalized estimating equation was adopted to compare the changes in outcomes over the pre-post test periods between groups.

RESULTS

The average adherence rate of the exercise program was 73.1%. No adverse events occurred during the study period. Participants in the intervention group had a significantly greater improvement in terms of general sleep quality (β, -1.74; 95% CI, -3.41 to -0.08; P = .04), sleep latency (β, -0.19; 95% CI, -0.37 to -0.02; P = .03), sleep duration (β, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.99; P = .04), sleep efficiency (β, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.07 to 1.12; P = .04), and cognitive function (β, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.43 to 2.86; P = .008) compared with the control group over the pre-post test periods.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS

This study demonstrated that a 16-week aerobic dancing program is feasible and effective in improving sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults with coexistence of MCI and poor sleep. The feasibility and effectiveness of this exercise program promoted the need to increase its application against deteriorating poor sleep and cognitive decline in older adults with MCI.

Patterns of sedentary behaviour in adults with acute insomnia derived from actigraphy data

BACKGROUND

Sleep disorders, such as insomnia, have been associated with extended periods of inactive, sedentary behaviour. Many factors contribute to insomnia, including stress, irregular sleep patterns, mental health issues, inadequate sleeping schedules, diseases, neurological disorders and prescription medications.

OBJECTIVES

Identification of the patterns of sedentary time and its duration in adults with acute insomnia and healthy controls to determine the statistically significant sedentary bouts; comparison of the sedentary behaviour patterns in acute insomnia adults with healthy controls.

METHODS

We investigate the daytime actigraphy data and identify temporal patterns of inactivity among adults with acute insomnia and healthy adults. Seven days of actigraphy data were utilised to calculate sedentary time and bouts of variable duration based on a threshold of activity counts (<100 counts per minute). Statistical analysis was applied to investigate sedentary bouts and total sedentary time during weekdays and weekend. A logistic regression model has been used to determine the significance of sedentary bouts.

RESULTS

We found that individuals with acute insomnia accumulate a significant amount of their sedentary time in medium (6-30 minutes and 31-60 minutes) and longer (more than 60 minutes) duration bouts in comparison to healthy adults. Furthermore, a low p value for total sedentary time (2.54 ⋅ 10-4) association with acute insomnia supports the finding that acute insomnia individuals are significantly more engaged in sedentary activities compared to healthy controls. Also, as shown by the weekend vs weekday analysis, the physical and sedentary activity patterns of acute insomnia adults demonstrate higher variability during the weekdays in comparison to the weekend.

CONCLUSION

The results of the present study demonstrate that adults with acute insomnia spend more time in low-intensity daily physical activities compared to healthy adults.

The impact of physical activity on objective sleep of people with insomnia

The aim of our study was to investigate if physical activity has a beneficial impact on insomnia. A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed database using the terms "Physical activity" and "Insomnia" and 591 records were retrieved. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines were followed and fifteen articles were considered eligible for further analysis. Participants were mainly female, between 40 and 60 years; design studies were variable and most studies involved long-term interventions; insomnia definition was mainly based on diagnostic criteria or considered a specific cut-off point of well-known insomnia questionnaires; sleep was mostly assessed with polysomnography (PSG) or actigraphy; physical activity interventions included different methodologies (predominantly treadmill exercise). A beneficial effect of physical activity on insomnia was observed in most studies when sleep was evaluated with PSG or actigraphy. Sleep efficiency was the objective sleep parameter that mainly provided statistically significant results, as expected, followed by sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset and, less frequently, total sleep time. Using objective methods to assess sleep in insomnia might be useful to support subjective insomnia complaints and to evaluate the efficacy of physical activity interventions in ameliorating sleep of people with insomnia.

A nationally representative study of aerobic activity and strength training in older cancer survivors and their psychological distress and sleep difficulties

OBJECTIVE

To examine the prevalence of different levels of aerobic activity and strength training in older cancer survivors and their associations with psychological distress and sleep difficulties.

METHODS

We used cross-sectional data from the 2016-2018 National Health Interview Survey on 3,425 survivors aged ≥ 65 years. Individuals were classified into active, insufficiently active, and inactive categories, and by whether they reported strength training at least twice per week. The outcome variables were self-reported psychological distress, trouble falling asleep, trouble staying asleep, and trouble waking up feeling rested. Multivariate logistic models were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS

Only 35.2% of older survivors reached the recommended aerobic activity guidelines, and 12% had strength training at least twice per week. A total of 626 (18.3%) reported at least moderate psychological distress, and 1,137 (33.2%) had trouble staying asleep. For survivors who reported strength training less than two times per week, being insufficiently active or inactive was associated with worse psychological distress (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.17-1.97; OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.02-1.64) and more sleep difficulties (OR ranging from 1.33 to 2.07). Among active survivors, strength training two or more times per week was associated with more trouble staying asleep (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.06-2.58).

CONCLUSIONS

Most older cancer survivors did not meet the recommended physical activity guidelines and suffered from psychological distress and sleep difficulties. Additional research may be needed to examine the effects of frequent muscle strength training on sleep quality.