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Zhu B, Jiang X, Li S, Zhu M. An Overview of Recycling Phenolic Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1255. [PMID: 38732725 PMCID: PMC11085933 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Over a century ago, phenolic formaldehyde (PF) resin was developed and continues to increase in yield due to its diverse applications. However, PF resin is a thermosetting plastic lacking fluidity and moldability, which are nondegradable in natural environments, leading to severe threats to fossil resources as well as global environmental crises. As a result, recycling PF resin is extremely important. In this review, we provide the recent advances in the recycling of PF resin, which includes mechanical recycling, chemical recycling, and utilization of carbon-based materials. The advantages and disadvantages of each strategy are evaluated from a green chemistry perspective. This article aims to attract interest in PF resin design, synthesizing, application and recycling, offering useful suggestions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Songjun Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Maiyong Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Mahmoudian MH, Mesdaghinia A, Mahvi AH, Nasseri S, Nabizadeh R, Dehghani MH. Photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol a from aqueous solution using bismuth ferric magnetic nanoparticle: synthesis, characterization and response surface methodology-central composite design modeling. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022; 20:617-628. [DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Ali A, Siddique M, Chen W, Han Z, Khan R, Bilal M, Waheed U, Shahzadi I. Promising Low-Cost Adsorbent from Waste Green Tea Leaves for Phenol Removal in Aqueous Solution. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116396. [PMID: 35681981 PMCID: PMC9180375 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phenol is the most common organic pollutant in many industrial wastewaters that may pose a health risk to humans due to its widespread application as industrial ingredients and additives. In this study, waste green tea leaves (WGTLs) were modified through chemical activation/carbonization and used as an adsorbent in the presence of ultrasound (cavitation) to eliminate phenol in the aqueous solution. Different treatments, such as cavitation, adsorption, and sono-adsorption were investigated to remove the phenol. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) morphology of the adsorbent revealed that the structure of WGTLs was porous before phenol was adsorbed. A Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis showed an open chain of carboxylic acids after the sono-adsorption process. The results revealed that the sono-adsorption process is more efficient with enhanced removal percentages than individual processes. A maximum phenol removal of 92% was obtained using the sono-adsorption process under an optimal set of operating parameters, such as pH 3.5, 25 mg L−1 phenol concentration, 800 mg L−1 adsorbent dosage, 60 min time interval, 30 ± 2 °C temperature, and 80 W cavitation power. Removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) reached 85% and 53%. The Freundlich isotherm model with a larger correlation coefficient (R2, 0.972) was better fitted for nonlinear regression than the Langmuir model, and the sono-adsorption process confirmed the pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics. The findings indicated that WGTLs in the presence of a cavitation effect prove to be a promising candidate for reducing phenol from the aqueous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmat Ali
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Maria Siddique
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (R.K.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (W.C.); Tel.: +92-992-383592 (M.S.); +86-13006374077 (W.C.); Fax: +92-992-383441 (M.S.)
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (W.C.); Tel.: +92-992-383592 (M.S.); +86-13006374077 (W.C.); Fax: +92-992-383441 (M.S.)
| | - Zhixin Han
- Geological Exploration Institute of Shandong Zhengyuan, China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Tai’an 271000, China;
| | - Romana Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (R.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (R.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Ummara Waheed
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan 59300, Pakistan;
| | - Irum Shahzadi
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan;
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Ligustrum lucidum Leaf Extract-Assisted Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Nano-Adsorbents Having Potential in Ultrasound-Assisted Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Wastewater and Antimicrobial Activity. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15051637. [PMID: 35268867 PMCID: PMC8911476 DOI: 10.3390/ma15051637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Present study was conducted to investigate the adsorption and ultrasound-assisted adsorption potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nanoparticles loaded on chitosan (AgCS composite) as nano-adsorbents for methylene blue (MB) removal. AgNPs were synthesized using leaf extract of Ligustrum lucidum, which were incorporated on the chitosan’s surface for modification. UV−Vis Spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques were used to confirm the synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials. Batch adsorption and sono-adsorption experiments for the removal of MB were executed under optimal conditions; for fitting the experimental equilibrium data, Langmuir and Freundlich’s isotherm models were adopted. In addition, the antimicrobial potential of the AgNPs and AgCS were examined against selected bacterial and fungal strains. UV−Vis spectroscopy confirmed AgNPs synthesis from the leaf extract of L. lucidum used as a reducer, which was spherical as exposed in the SEM analysis. The FTIR spectrum illustrated phytochemicals in the leaf extract of L. lucidum functioning as stabilizing agents around AgNPs and AgCS. Whereas, corresponding crystalline peaks of nanomaterial, including a signal peak at 3 keV indicating the presence of silver, were confirmed by XRD and EDX. The Langmuir model was chosen as an efficient model for adsorption and sono-adsorption, which exposed that under optimum conditions (pH = 6, dye initial concentration = 5 mg L−1, adsorbents dosage = 0.005 g, time = 120 min, US power 80 W), MB removal efficiency of AgNPs was >70%, using ultrasound-assisted adsorption compared to the non-sonicated adsorption. Furthermore, AgNPs exhibited promising antibacterial potential against Staphylococcus aureus with the maximum zone of inhibition (14.67 ± 0.47 mm). It was concluded that the green synthesis approach for the large-scale production of metallic nanoparticles is quite effective and can be recommended for efficient and cost-effective way to eradicate dyes, particularly from textile wastewater.
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Wang R, Du L, Gao W, Li J, Tsona NT, Zhang X, Hu X, Wang W, Liu H. Enhanced photocatalytic performance of PdO-loaded heterostructured nanobelts to degrade phenol. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130266. [PMID: 34088107 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heterostructured catalysts play a significant role in the photodegradation of pollutants in wastewater. Combining the large surface of nanobelts with the high photocatalytic property of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles is a promising method for preparing photocatalysts, which have an advanced photocatalytic activity and are easy to precipitate. In this work, titanium dioxide nanobelts (NB) and acid corroded titanium dioxide nanobelts (C-NB) were synthesized via a hydrothermal process under alkaline conditions. Their surfaces were then loaded with palladium oxide (PdO) nanoparticles to prepare heterostructured photocatalysts (PdO-NB and PdO-C-NB) by a well-designed chemical precipitation method. The photodegradation efficiencies of the four catalysts for phenol, as well as for methyl orange, were tested and the order of degradation efficiency was found to be PdO-C-NB > PdO-NB > C-NB > NB. A degradation efficiency of 61% for phenol was achieved within 90 min using PdO-C-NB, which was nearly twice as much as using NB. The enhanced photocatalytic property of PdO-C-NB was due to the large specific surface area, abundant photocatalytic active sites and the low recombination rate of electron-hole pairs. Therefore, the degradation of phenol and methyl orange was speeded up considerably. Considering the high catalytic activity of PdO-C-NB, the heterostructure catalyst is of great significance to the degradation of organic wastewater, and has an important impact on our ecological environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lin Du
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Wenqiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Narcisse T Tsona
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Xinming Hu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wenxing Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
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The Potentiality of Rice Husk-Derived Activated Carbon: From Synthesis to Application. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) has been extensively utilized as an adsorbent over the past few decades. AC has widespread applications, including the removal of different contaminants from water and wastewater, and it is also being used in capacitors, battery electrodes, catalytic supports, and gas storage materials because of its specific characteristics e.g., high surface area with electrical properties. The production of AC from naturally occurring precursors (e.g., coal, biomass, coconut shell, sugarcane bagasse, and so on) is highly interesting in terms of the material applications in chemistry; however, recently much focus has been placed on the use of agricultural wastes (e.g., rice husk) to produce AC. Rice husk (RH) is an abundant as well as cheap material which can be converted into AC for various applications. Various pollutants such as textile dyes, organic contaminants, inorganic anions, pesticides, and heavy metals can be effectively removed by RH-derived AC. In addition, RH-derived AC has been applied in supercapacitors, electrodes for Li-ion batteries, catalytic support, and energy storage, among other uses. Cost-effective synthesis of AC can be an alternative for AC production. Therefore, this review mainly covers different synthetic routes and applications of AC produced from RH precursors. Different environmental, catalytic, and energy applications have been pinpointed. Furthermore, AC regeneration, desorption, and relevant environmental concerns have also been covered. Future scopes for further research and development activities are also discussed. Overall, it was found that RH-derived AC has great potential for different applications which can be further explored at real scales, i.e., for industrial applications in the future.
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Bazrafshan E, Al-Musawi TJ, Silva MF, Panahi AH, Havangi M, Mostafapur FK. Photocatalytic degradation of catechol using ZnO nanoparticles as catalyst: Optimizing the experimental parameters using the Box-Behnken statistical methodology and kinetic studies. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Karimaei M, Shokri B, Khani MR, Yaghmaeian K, Mesdaghinia A, Nabizadeh R, Mahvi AH, Nazmara S. Comparative investigation of argon and argon/oxygen plasma performance for Perchloroethylene (PCE) removal from aqueous solution: optimization and kinetic study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2018; 16:277-287. [PMID: 30728999 PMCID: PMC6277337 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-018-0316-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is evaluation of the perchloroethylene degradation from aqueous solutions by non-thermal plasma produced in dielectric barrier discharge reactor in two different scenarios: first plasma generated with 225 cc/min mixture of oxygen and argon flow (12% gas ratio of O2/Ar), and in the second scenario plasma generated with 225 cc/min of pure argon gas. METHODS Design studies were performed using response surface methodology and central composite design. All experiments with the selected levels of independent parameters including the initial concentration of perchloroethylene (5-100 mg/L), voltage (20-5 kv) and contact time (15-180 s) was implemented, and 29 tests were proposed by using response surface methodology and central composite design was performed in two experimental scenarios. RESULTS Results showed that the Pseudo first-order kinetics coefficient of perchloroethylene degradation in the mixture of oxygen and argon and pure argon scenario under the optimum conditions were 0.024 and 0.016 S-1 respectively. Results conveyed that in order to achieve the highest removal efficiency (100%), the values of contact time, perchloroethylene concentration and voltage variables were predicted 169.55 s, 74.3 mg/l, 18.86 kv respectively in mixture of oxygen and argon scenario and also were predicted 203 s, 85.22 mg/l, 20.39 kv respectively in pure argon scenario. CONCLUSIONS In the recent study dielectric barrier discharge was an efficient method for perchloroethylene removal with both oxygen an argon mixture and pure argon as input gas. Both input voltage and reaction time has positive effect on perchloroethylene removal; but initial perchloroethylene concentration has negative effect on perchloroethylene removal. Comparison of two plasma scenarios with different input gas shown that plasma generated by mixture of oxygen and argon gas was more powerful and had higher removal efficiency and degradation kinetics than the plasma generated by pure argon gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Karimaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Shokri
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C. Zip Code: 19839-63113 Evin, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C. Zip Code: 19839-63113 Evin, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khani
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C. Zip Code: 19839-63113 Evin, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Kamyar Yaghmaeian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mesdaghinia
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahvi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Nazmara
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kumar NS, Asif M, Al-Hazzaa MI. Adsorptive removal of phenolic compounds from aqueous solutions using pine cone biomass: kinetics and equilibrium studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:21949-21960. [PMID: 29797196 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2315-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel inexpensive biosorbent of pine cone powder was used for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with phenol and chlorophenols (CPhs). The biosorbent was thoroughly characterized by using CHN and BET measurements, as well as FTIR, SEM, and XRD analyses. Kinetic and equilibrium biosorption experiments showed that the uptake was more than 80% within the first 30 min of contact time at pH 5.0. The biosorption of 4-CPh onto pine cone powder was higher than those of phenol and 2-CPh. The kinetic data were consistent with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, and the Langmuir isotherm model best represented the equilibrium data. The maximum biosorption capacities of phenol, 2-CPh, and 4-CPh were 164.51, 189.44, and 220.12 mg/g, respectively, at 30 ± 1 °C. Therefore, the pine cone powder is an effective low-cost adsorbent for the removal of phenol and CPhs from the contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadavala Siva Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Asif
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour I Al-Hazzaa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
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Asadgol Z, Forootanfar H, Rezaei S, Mahvi AH, Faramarzi MA. Removal of phenol and bisphenol-A catalyzed by laccase in aqueous solution. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2014; 12:93. [PMID: 25031840 PMCID: PMC4100752 DOI: 10.1186/2052-336x-12-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elimination of hazardous phenolic compounds using laccases has gained attention during recent decades. The present study was designed to evaluate the ability of the purified laccase from Paraconiothyrium variabile (PvL) for elimination of phenol and the endocrine disrupting chemical bisphenol A. Effect of laccase activity, pH, and temperature on the enzymatic removal of the mentioned pollutants were also investigated. RESULTS After 30 min treatment of the applied phenolic pollutants in the presence of PvL (5 U/mL), 80% of phenol and 59.7% of bisphenol A was removed. Increasing of laccase activity enhanced the removal percentage of both pollutants. The acidic pH of 5 was found to be the best pH for elimination of both phenol and bisphenol A. Increasing of reaction temperature up to 50°C enhanced the removal percentage of phenol and bisphenol A to 96.3% and 88.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS To sum up, the present work introduced the purified laccase of P. variabile as an efficient biocatalyst for removal of one of the most hazardous endocrine disruptor bisphenol A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Asadgol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 14176, Iran ; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Forootanfar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahla Rezaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 14176, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahvi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 14176, Iran
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Hoseini M, Safari GH, Kamani H, Jaafari J, Ghanbarain M, Mahvi AH. Sonocatalytic degradation of tetracycline antibiotic in aqueous solution by sonocatalysis. TOXICOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2014.901328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Shahamat YD, Farzadkia M, Nasseri S, Mahvi AH, Gholami M, Esrafili A. Magnetic heterogeneous catalytic ozonation: a new removal method for phenol in industrial wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2014; 12:50. [PMID: 24572145 PMCID: PMC3974053 DOI: 10.1186/2052-336x-12-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a new strategy in catalytic ozonation removal method for degradation of phenol from industrial wastewater was investigated. Magnetic carbon nano composite as a novel catalyst was synthesized, characterized and then used in the catalytic ozonation process (COP) and compared with the single ozonation process (SOP). The influential parameters were all investigated. The results showed that the removal efficiency of phenol and COD (chemical oxygen demand) in COP (98.5%, 69.8%) was higher than those of SOP (78.7%, 50.5%) and the highest catalytic potential was achieved at optimal neutral pH. First order modeling demonstrated that the reactions were dependent on the concentration of catalyst, with kinetic constants varying from 0.023 1/min (catalyst = 0 g/L) to 0.071 1/min (catalyst = 4 g/L), whereby the optimum dosage of catalyst was found to be 2 g/L. Furthermore, the catalytic properties of the catalyst remained almost unchanged after 5-time reuse. The results regarding the biodegradability of the effluent showed that a 5-min reaction time in COP reduced the concentrations of phenol and COD to the acceptable levels for the efficient post-treatment in the SBR in a 4-h cycle period. Finally, this combined system is proven to be a technically effective method for treating phenolic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahdi Farzadkia
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Gholizadeh A, Kermani M, Gholami M, Farzadkia M. Kinetic and isotherm studies of adsorption and biosorption processes in the removal of phenolic compounds from aqueous solutions: comparative study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2013; 11:29. [PMID: 24355013 PMCID: PMC3880076 DOI: 10.1186/2052-336x-11-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The phenolic compounds are known by their carcinogenicity and high toxicity as well as creating unpleasant taste and odor in water resources. The present study develops a cost-effective technology for the treatment of water contaminated with phenolic compounds, including Phenol (Ph), 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP). So, two sorbents, rice bran ash (RBA) and biomass of brown algae, Cystoseiraindica, were used and results were compared with the commercially granular activated carbon (GAC). The phenolic compounds were determined using a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) under batch equilibrium conditions. The effects of contact time, pH, initial adsorbate concentration, and adsorbent dosages on the removal efficiency were studied. The adsorption data were simulated by isotherm and kinetic models. Results indicated that RBA and GAC had the lowest efficiency for the removal of 2-CP, while the order of removal efficiency for C. indica biomass was as follows: 2-CP > 4-CP > phenol. The efficiency of GAC was higher than those of other adsorbents for all of the phenolic compounds. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity of RBA was found to be higher than that of C. indica biomass. The optimal initial pH for the removal of phenol, 2-CP and 4-CP was determined to be 5, 7, and 7 for RBA, GAC, and algal biomass, respectively. Kinetic studies suggested that the pseudo-second order best fitted the kinetic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolmajid Gholizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Kermani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Gholami
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Farzadkia
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Solid Waste Research (CSWR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wu TY, Guo N, Teh CY, Hay JXW. Applications of Ultrasound Technology in Environmental Remediation. SPRINGERBRIEFS IN MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5533-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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15
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Mahvi AH, Maleki A. Photosonochemical degradation of phenol in water. DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 2012. [DOI: 10.5004/dwt.2010.1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Study of photochemical and sonochemical processes efficiency for degradation of dyes in aqueous solution. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-010-0261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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