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Vicentini C, Libero G, Cugudda E, Gardois P, Zotti CM, Bert F. Barriers to the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programmes in long-term care facilities: a scoping review. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024:dkae146. [PMID: 38870077 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term care facilities (LTCFs) present specific challenges for the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes. A growing body of literature is dedicated to AMS in LTCFs. OBJECTIVES We aimed to summarize barriers to the implementation of full AMS programmes, i.e. a set of clinical practices, accompanied by recommended change strategies. METHODS A scoping review was conducted through Ovid-MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase and Cochrane Central. Studies addressing barriers to the implementation of full AMS programmes in LTCFs were included. Implementation barriers described in qualitative studies were identified and coded, and main themes were identified using a grounded theory approach. RESULTS The electronic search revealed 3904 citations overall. Of these, 57 met the inclusion criteria. All selected studies were published after 2012, and the number of references per year progressively increased, reaching a peak in 2020. Thematic analysis of 13 qualitative studies identified three main themes: (A) LTCF organizational culture, comprising (A1) interprofessional tensions, (A2) education provided in silos, (A3) lack of motivation and (A4) resistance to change; (B) resources, comprising (B1) workload and staffing levels, (B2) diagnostics, (B3) information technology resources and (B4) funding; and (C) availability of and access to knowledge and skills, including (C1) surveillance data, (C2) infectious disease/AMS expertise and (C3) data analysis skills. CONCLUSIONS Addressing inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in LTCFs through AMS programmes is an area of growing interest. Hopefully, this review could be helpful for intervention developers and implementers who want to build on the most recent evidence from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Vicentini
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Libero
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cugudda
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Gardois
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, Medical Library 'Ferdinando Rossi', University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Carla Maria Zotti
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bert
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
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Mehta S, Galligan MM, Lopez KT, Chambers C, Kabat D, Papili K, Stinson H, Sutton RM. Implementation of a critical care outreach team in a children's hospital. Resusc Plus 2024; 18:100626. [PMID: 38623378 PMCID: PMC11016912 DOI: 10.1016/j.resplu.2024.100626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Proactive surveillance by a critical care outreach team (CCOT) can promote early recognition of deterioration in hospitalized patients but is uncommon in pediatric rapid response systems (RRSs). After our children's hospital introduced a CCOT in 2019, we aimed to characterize early implementation outcomes. We hypothesized that CCOT rounding would identify additional children at risk for deterioration. Methods The CCOT, staffed by a dedicated critical care nurse (RN), respiratory therapist, and attending, conducts daily in-person rounds with charge RNs on medical-surgical units, to screen RRS-identified high-risk patients for deterioration. In this prospective study, observers tracked rounds discussion content, participation, and identification of new high-risk patients. We compared 'identified-patient-discussions' (IPD) about RRS-identified patients, and 'new-patient-discussions' (NPD) about new patients with Fisher's exact test. For new patients, we performed thematic analysis of clinical data to identify deterioration related themes. Results During 348 unit-rounds over 20 days, we observed 383 discussions - 35 (9%) were NPD. Frequent topics were screening for clinical concerns (374/383, 98%), active clinical concerns (147/383, 39%), and watcher activation (66/383, 17%). Most discussions only included standard participants (353/383, 92%). Compared to IPD, NPD more often addressed active concerns (74.3% vs 34.8%, p < 0.01) and staffing resource concerns (5.7% vs 0.6%, p < 0.04), and more often incorporated extra participants (25.7% vs 6%, p < 0.01). In thematic analysis of 33 new patients, most (29/33, 88%) had features of deterioration. Conclusion A successfully implemented CCOT enhanced identification of clinical deterioration not captured by existing RRS resources. Future work will investigate its impact on operational safety and patient-centered outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Mehta
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Meghan M. Galligan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kim Tran Lopez
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Chip Chambers
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Daniel Kabat
- Department of Digital and Technology Services, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
| | - Kelly Papili
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children’s Hospital, United States
| | - Hannah Stinson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Robert M. Sutton
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, United States
- Resuscitation Science Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, United States
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Bernier LB, Foley JD, Salomaa AC, Scheer JR, Kelly J, Hoeppner B, Batchelder AW. Examining sexual minority engagement in recovery community centers. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2024; 161:209340. [PMID: 38494052 PMCID: PMC11166124 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2024.209340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research indicates that sexual minority (SM) individuals with alcohol and other drug use disorders may underutilize recovery resources generally but be more likely to use recovery community centers (RCCs). To inform recovery supports, this study characterized SM and heterosexual RCC members by demographics and clinical and recovery support service utilization. METHODS Cross-sectional secondary analyses compared SM and heterosexual RCC members in the northeastern U.S. (n = 337). Qualitative analyses coded the top three recovery facilitators. RESULTS Of the 337 participants (Meanage[SD] = 40.98[12.38], 51.8 % female), SM RCC members were more likely than heterosexuals to endorse lifetime psychiatric diagnoses and emergency department mental health treatment (p < .01). RCC service utilization and qualitatively derived recovery facilitators were mostly consistent across groups. CONCLUSIONS RCCs engaged SM individuals in recovery in ways consistent with heterosexuals. Despite otherwise vastly similar demographic characteristics across sexual identity, findings suggest a need for additional mental health resources for SM individuals in recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren B Bernier
- Behavioral Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacklyn D Foley
- Behavioral Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna C Salomaa
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - John Kelly
- Behavioral Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Bettina Hoeppner
- Behavioral Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abigail W Batchelder
- Behavioral Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Ganjizadeh A, Zawada SJ, Langer SG, Erickson BJ. Visualizing Clinical Data Retrieval and Curation in Multimodal Healthcare AI Research: A Technical Note on RIL-workflow. JOURNAL OF IMAGING INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE 2024; 37:1239-1247. [PMID: 38366291 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-024-00977-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Curating and integrating data from sources are bottlenecks to procuring robust training datasets for artificial intelligence (AI) models in healthcare. While numerous applications can process discrete types of clinical data, it is still time-consuming to integrate heterogenous data types. Therefore, there exists a need for more efficient retrieval and storage of curated patient data from dissimilar sources, such as biobanks, health records, and sensors. We describe a customizable, modular data retrieval application (RIL-workflow), which integrates clinical notes, images, and prescription data, and show its feasibility applied to research at our institution. It uses the workflow automation platform Camunda (Camunda Services GmbH, Berlin, Germany) to collect internal data from Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) and Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) sources. Using the web-based graphical user interface (GUI), the workflow runs tasks to completion according to visual representation, retrieving and storing results for patients meeting study inclusion criteria while segregating errors for human review. We showcase RIL-workflow with its library of ready-to-use modules, enabling researchers to specify human input or automation at fixed steps. We validated our workflow by demonstrating its capability to aggregate, curate, and handle errors related to data from multiple sources to generate a multimodal database for clinical AI research. Further, we solicited user feedback to highlight the pros and cons associated with RIL-workflow. The source code is available at github.com/magnooj/RIL-workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ganjizadeh
- Mayo Clinic Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Radiology, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
| | - Stephanie J Zawada
- Mayo Clinic Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 5777 E. Mayo Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ, 85054, USA
| | - Steve G Langer
- Mayo Clinic Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Radiology, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
| | - Bradley J Erickson
- Mayo Clinic Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA.
- Mayo Clinic Department of Radiology, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA.
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 5777 E. Mayo Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ, 85054, USA.
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Qvarfordt M, Lagrosen S, Nilsson L. Medical secretaries' fears and opportunities in an increasingly digitalised workplace environment. J Health Organ Manag 2024; 38:175-194. [PMID: 38714560 DOI: 10.1108/jhom-04-2023-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to explore how medical secretaries experience digital transformation in a Swedish healthcare organisation, with a focus on workplace climate and health. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH Data were collected using a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design based on grounded theory, with qualitative data collection (a Quality Café and individual interviews) followed by quantitative data collection (a questionnaire). FINDINGS Four categories with seven underlying factors were identified, emphasising the crucial need for effective organisation of digital transformation. This is vital due to the increased knowledge and skills in utilising technology. The evolving roles and responsibilities of medical secretaries in dynamic healthcare settings should be clearly defined and acknowledged, highlighting the importance of professionality. Ensuring proper training for medical secretaries and other occupations in emerging techniques is crucial, emphasising equal value and knowledge across each role. Associations were found between some factors and the health of medical secretaries. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS This study adds to the knowledge on digital transformation in healthcare by examining an important occupation. Most data were collected online, which may be a limitation of this study. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Several aspects of the medical secretaries' experiences were identified. Knowledge of these is valuable for healthcare managers to make digital transformation more effective while avoiding excessive strain on medical secretaries. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Medical secretaries are expected to contribute to the digitalisation of healthcare. However, minimal research has been conducted on the role of medical secretaries in workplace digitalisation, focusing on workplace roles and its dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Qvarfordt
- Department of Medicine and Optometry, eHealth Institute, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Stefan Lagrosen
- Department of Management, School of Business and Economics, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Lina Nilsson
- Department of Medicine and Optometry, eHealth Institute, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
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Booker LA, Mills J, Bish M, Spong J, Deacon-Crouch M, Skinner TC. Nurse rostering: understanding the current shift work scheduling processes, benefits, limitations, and potential fatigue risks. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:295. [PMID: 38685019 PMCID: PMC11057102 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01949-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implementing appropriate shift work schedules can help mitigate the risk of sleep impairment and reduce fatigue of healthcare workers, reducing occupational health and safety risks. In Australia, the organisation has a responsibility to make sure all reasonable measures are taken to reduce fatigue of staff. Therefore, it is important to assess what the current rostering processes is for staff responsible for creating the rosters for nurses. AIM The aims of the project were to understand (1) who creates the rosters and what the process is, (2) what training and knowledge these staff have in establishing rostering schedules that optimise the sleep and wellbeing of staff, and (3) what the benefits and limitations are of current rostering practices. METHODS Findings were generated through semi-structured interviews, using cluster coding to form categories. Twenty four nurses responsible for rostering staff were interviewed from three different sites in Victoria (one metropolitan and two regional/rural hospitals). Data was analysed using selected grounded theory methods with thematic analysis. RESULTS The common themes that came out of the interviews were that rostering staff were under prepared, unaware of fatigue and safety guidelines and polices from governing bodies and had not received any education or training before taking on the role. The most common rostering style was self-rostering, where staff could submit preferences. However, there were concerns about staff fatigue but were divided as to who should be responsible, with many saying it was up to staff to preference shifts that they could cope with. The final theme was cultural barriers to change. CONCLUSION While self-rostering resulted in staff having more freedom and flexibility, shift preferences may be influenced more so by a need to fit with lifestyle rather than to minimise fatigue and increase safety in the workplace. Greater consideration of the impact of shift work schedules on fatigue is required to ensure that the layers of clinical governance in health care organisations minimise the risk of occupation health and safety issues for employees delivering direct patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Booker
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, 3552, Australia.
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, 3084, Australia.
| | - Jane Mills
- Department of Rural Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, 3552, Australia
| | - Melanie Bish
- Department of Rural Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, 3552, Australia
| | - Jo Spong
- Department of Rural Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, 3552, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, 3084, Australia
| | - Melissa Deacon-Crouch
- Department of Rural Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, 3552, Australia
| | - Timothy C Skinner
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, 3552, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Health and Society, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ohta R, Nitta T, Shimizu A, Sano C. Role of family medicine physicians in providing nutrition support to older patients admitted to orthopedics departments: a grounded theory approach. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2024; 25:121. [PMID: 38641569 PMCID: PMC11027398 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Care of older adults requires comprehensive management and control of systemic diseases, which can be effectively managed by family physicians. Complicated medical conditions in older patients admitted to orthopedic departments (orthopedic patients) necessitate interprofessional collaboration. Nutrition is one of the essential components of management involved in improving the systemic condition of older patients. Nutrition support teams play an important role in nutrition management and can be supported by family physicians. However, the role of family physicians in nutrition support teams is not well documented. This study aimed to investigate the role of family physicians in supporting nutrition management in orthopedic patients. METHODS This qualitative study was conducted between January and June 2023 using constructivist grounded theory methodology. Eight family medicine physicians, three orthopedic surgeons, two nurses, two pharmacists, four rehabilitation therapists, four nutritionists, and one laboratory technician working in Japanese rural hospitals participated in the research. Data collection was performed through ethnography and semi-structured interviews. The analysis was performed iteratively during the study. RESULTS Using a grounded theory approach, four theories were developed regarding family physicians' role in providing nutrition support to orthopedic patients: hierarchical and relational limitation, delay of onset and detection of the need for geriatric care in orthopedic patients, providing effective family medicine in hospitals, and comprehensive management through the nutrition support team. CONCLUSIONS The inclusion of family physicians in nutrition support teams can help with early detection of the rapid deterioration of orthopedic patients' conditions, and comprehensive management can be provided by nutrition support teams. In rural primary care settings, family physicians play a vital role in providing geriatric care in community hospitals in collaboration with specialists. Family medicine in hospitals should be investigated in other settings for better geriatric care and to drive mutual learning among healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Ohta
- Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, 96-1 Iida, Daito-cho, Unnan, Shimane, 699-1221, Japan.
| | - Tachiko Nitta
- Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, 96-1 Iida, Daito-cho, Unnan, Shimane, 699-1221, Japan
| | - Akiko Shimizu
- Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, 96-1 Iida, Daito-cho, Unnan, Shimane, 699-1221, Japan
| | - Chiaki Sano
- Department of Community Medicine Management, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
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Augustyniak M, Lou E, Jacobs G, Fleming M, Marshall J, Coutinho A, Yoshino T. Learning Outcomes of "GetSMART," Education for Diagnostics and Targeted Treatment for HER2+ Metastatic Gastric and Colorectal Cancers. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2024; 39:118-125. [PMID: 38135836 PMCID: PMC10995009 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-023-02384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The treatment landscape for patients affected by gastric and colorectal cancer (G&CRC) has significantly broadened over the past decade. Molecular diagnostic methods have improved with a precision oncology-driven approach to the development of treatment options tailored to specific molecular targets, including the human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2). While scientific evidence on the role of HER2 in G&CRC has improved, there has been a lag in general understanding and applications of testing for HER2+ G&CRC and resulting targeting treatment in the wider oncology community. To better understand and address the root causes of this gap, a needs assessment deployed among 85 oncology care providers was conducted and informed the development of an accredited online educational program entitled "GetSMART." The program consisted of four modules developed and narrated by experts in gastrointestinal oncology. The educational content and assessment metrics were guided by a confidence-based assessment (CBA) model and the Moore, Green, and Gallis outcomes framework. Assessment methods consisted of quantitative pre- and post-activity tests, an evaluation embedded within the education (n = 163), and semi-structured interviews (n = 5) post-activity completion. Findings indicated that "GetSMART" enhanced participants' knowledge, confidence, and intent to change practice in relation to their (1) identification of HER2 aberrations, (2) selection of appropriate treatments for HER2+ G&CRC, and (3) ability to engage patients in shared decision-making and management of adverse events. "GetSMART" can therefore be a valuable educational resource for oncology HCPs caring for patients affected by HER2+ metastatic G&CRC, offering strategies to ensure an optimal team and patient-centered approach to the care being delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emil Lou
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ginny Jacobs
- AXDEV Global, Inc, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | | | - John Marshall
- District of Columbia, Georgetown University, Washington, USA
| | - Anelisa Coutinho
- Multidisciplinary Oncology Institution, Clinica AMO, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Wu YL, Hsieh TY, Hwang SF, Lin YY, Chu WM. Developing an innovative national ACP-OSCE program in Taiwan: a mixed method study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:333. [PMID: 38521917 PMCID: PMC10960391 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the process and the comprehensiveness of advance care planning (ACP), we designed a national ACP-OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) program. METHODS The program was designed as a 40-minute OSCE test. Participants were categorized as different ACP team members to illustrate realistic scenarios. Preceptors were asked to observe ACP professionals' actions, responses, and communication skills during ACP with standardized patients (SP) through a one-way mirror. Participants' communication skills, medical expertise, legal knowledge, empathetic response and problem-solving skills of ACP were also self-evaluated before and after OSCE. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative analysis. RESULTS In Nov 2019, a total of 18 ACP teams with 38 ACP professionals completed the ACP-OSCE program, including 15 physicians, 15 nurses, 5 social workers, and 3 psychologists. After the ACP-OSCE program, the average score of communication skills, medical expertise, legal knowledge, empathetic response, ACP problem-solving all increased. Nurses felt improved in medical expertise, legal knowledge, and problem-solving skills, psychologists and social workers felt improved in legal knowledge, while physicians felt no improved in all domain, statistically. Thematic analysis showed professional skills, doctoral-patient communication, benefit and difficulties of ACP were the topics which participants care about. Meanwhile, most participants agreed that ACP-OSCE program is an appropriate educational tool. CONCLUSION This is the first national ACP-OSCE program in Asia. We believe that this ACP-OSCE program could be applied in other countries to improve the ACP process and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lin Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Yi Hsieh
- Division of Clinical Training, Department of Medical Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheau-Feng Hwang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yin Lin
- Hospice Foundation of Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Min Chu
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Epigemiology on Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
- Geriatrics and Gerontology Research Center, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Wang J, Zhang CS, Zhang AL, Yu J, Deng H, Chen H, Xue CC, Lu C. Add-on effects of Chinese herbal medicine external application (FZHFZY) to topical urea for mild-to-moderate psoriasis vulgaris: Protocol for a double-blinded randomized controlled pilot trial embedded with a qualitative study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297834. [PMID: 38512933 PMCID: PMC10956750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic dermatological disease with a high global prevalence. It significantly reduces patients' quality of life and is associated with a substantial economic burden. Conventional therapies for mild-to-moderate psoriasis are often associated with insufficient long-term symptomatic relief and side effects. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is commonly used for psoriasis management. A CHM formula, namely Fu zheng he fu zhi yang (FZHFZY), has shown promising treatment effects in clinical practice when used as a bath therapy. However, its efficacy and safety has not been evaluated by a rigorous randomized controlled trial (RCT). Therefore, we designed a double-blinded pilot RCT embedded with a qualitative study on CHM formula FZHFZY plus topical urea for mild-to-moderate psoriasis vulgaris to advance the evidence development and practice of CHM external application for psoriasis. This will be a mixed-method design consisting of a pilot RCT and a qualitative study. The pilot RCT is a two-arm, parallel, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial. Sixty eligible participants will be randomized at a 1:1 ratio to receive eight weeks' treatment of either FZHFZY plus 10% urea cream, or placebo plus 10% urea cream, with 12-week follow-up visits after the treatment phase. The CHM or placebo will be administered externally as a bath therapy. Outcome measures include trial feasibility, efficacy and safety. The primary efficacy outcome will be Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI). Secondary efficacy outcomes include Physician Global Assessment, PASI-75, PASI-50, Body Surface Area, Dermatology Life Quality Index, Skindex-16, itch visual analogue scale and relapse. The qualitative study will be conducted to collect participants' feedback on CHM external application and their experience with the pilot RCT. This study will advance the evidence-based clinical practice of using CHM for psoriasis vulgaris and then to support translation of findings into clinical practice in the future. Trial registration number: ChiCTR2200064092.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyue Wang
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Claire Shuiqing Zhang
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony Lin Zhang
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jingjie Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Deng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiming Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Charlie Changli Xue
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Hibi A, Cusimano MD, Bilbily A, Krishnan RG, Tyrrell PN. Impact of Automated Prognostication on Traumatic Brain Injury Care: A Focus Group Study. Can J Neurol Sci 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38438281 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2024.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognosticating outcomes for traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients is challenging due to the required specialized skills and variability among clinicians. Recent attempts to standardize TBI prognosis have leveraged machine learning (ML) methodologies. This study evaluates the necessity and influence of ML-assisted TBI prognostication through healthcare professionals' perspectives via focus group discussions. METHODS Two virtual focus groups included ten key TBI care stakeholders (one neurosurgeon, two emergency clinicians, one internist, two radiologists, one registered nurse, two researchers in ML and healthcare and one patient representative). They answered six open-ended questions about their perceptions and potential ML use in TBI prognostication. Transcribed focus group discussions were thematically analyzed using qualitative data analysis software. RESULTS The study captured diverse perceptions and interests in TBI prognostication across clinical specialties. Notably, certain clinicians who currently do not prognosticate expressed an interest in doing so independently provided they had access to ML support. Concerns included ML's accuracy and the need for proficient ML researchers in clinical settings. The consensus suggested using ML as a secondary consultation tool and promoting collaboration with internal or external research resources. Participants believed ML prognostication could enhance disposition planning and standardize care regardless of clinician expertise or injury severity. There was no evidence of perceived bias or interference during the discussions. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed an overall positive attitude toward ML-based prognostication. Despite raising multiple concerns, the focus group discussions were particularly valuable in underscoring the potential of ML in democratizing and standardizing TBI prognosis practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiro Hibi
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael D Cusimano
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alexander Bilbily
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rahul G Krishnan
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pascal N Tyrrell
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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12
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Obayemi JE, Donkersloot J, Kim E, Thelander K, Byrnes M, Kim GJ. A needs assessment for simulation in African surgical education. Surg Endosc 2024; 38:1654-1661. [PMID: 38326586 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-023-10665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a critical need for comprehensive surgical training in African countries given the unmet surgical burden of disease in this region. Collaborative and progressive initiatives in global surgical education will have the greatest impact on trainees. Little is known about surgical education needs from the perspective of practicing surgeons and trainees in low-middle-income countries (LMICs). Even less is known about the potential role for simulation to augment training. METHODS A modified Delphi methodology with 2 rounds of responses was employed to survey program directors (PD) and associate program directors (APD) of Pan-African Association of Christian Surgeons (PAACS) general surgery residency programs across eight low-middle-income countries in Africa. 3 PD/APDs and 2 surgical residents participated in semi-structured interviews centered around the role of simulation in training. Descriptive analysis was performed to elicit key themes and illustrative examples. RESULTS The survey of program directors revealed that teaching residents the psychomotor skills need to perform intracorporeal suturing was both high priority and desired in multiple training sites. Other high priority skills were laparoscopic camera driving and medial visceral rotation. The interviews revealed a specific desire to perform laparoscopic surgery and a need for a simulation curriculum to familiarize staff and trainees with laparoscopic techniques. Several barriers to laparoscopic surgery exist, such as lack of staff familiarity with the equipment, lack of public buy in, and lack of generalizable and adaptable educational modules. Trainees saw utility in the use of simulation to optimize time in the operating room and sought opportunities to improve their laparoscopic skills. CONCLUSION Faculty and surgical trainees in LMICs have interest in learning advanced surgical techniques, such as laparoscopy. Developing a simulation curriculum tailored to the trainees' local context has the potential to fill this need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy E Obayemi
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5331, USA.
| | - John Donkersloot
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5331, USA
| | - Erin Kim
- University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Keir Thelander
- Pan-African Academy of Christian Surgeons, Palatine, IL, USA
| | - Mary Byrnes
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5331, USA
| | - Grace J Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5331, USA
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Goodin CS, Dandoy CE, Mott B, Mueller M, Sarver S, O'Connor G, Lane A, Webster A, Flesch L, Davies SM. The Phenotype of a Bone Marrow Transplant Nurse: Survival of the Fittest. Transplant Cell Ther 2024; 30:324.e1-324.e14. [PMID: 38184147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.12.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
There is a need for proficient nursing practice in specialized critical care settings, such as a pediatric Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Unit. The staffing crisis continues to be problematic for areas around the country. Nursing tenure has been positively correlated with improving patient outcomes and confidence in giving care, so efforts must be made to retain pediatric BMT nurses. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors of resilience and how it pertains to the retention of pediatric BMT nurses through (1) Understanding current BMT nursing turnover and trend why nurses are leaving; (2) Measure resilience throughout BMT nursing cohort, covering all tenure of nurses; and (3) Interview senior nurses within the cohort to identify themes relating to retention and resilience using grounded theory methodology. This research was carried out in the Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Unit at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC). The study spanned from 2014 to 2019, during which researchers gathered extensive data to evaluate the turnover risk among BMT nurses. A detailed follow-up was conducted in 2019 to further assess this risk. To measure resilience levels, a group of 115 nurses in the unit completed the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted with 9 senior nurses in the cohort, continuing until theoretical saturation was reached, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing nurse turnover in the unit. Researchers looked retrospectively at nursing turnover from 2014 to 2019. Investigators determined the risk of new nurses leaving was between 22 and 24 months (HR 0.025). Further, follow-up was conducted for data points between 2019-present time, which showed a drastic change in the hazard rate curvature. However, the risk remained relatively the same at 22 to 24 months (HR 0.03). There was no statistical significance found between CD-RISC results and age (P = .465), gender (P = .725), working experience (P = .15), or education (P = .14). Through a constant comparative process, several themes were identified as positive, negative, and ambiguous contributions to the retention of nurses. The risk of nurses leaving after 2 years decreases significantly; therefore, we determined that a nurse with a commitment to pediatric BMT occurs with 2 years' experience. Although our initial hypothesis was that senior nurses had greater resilience than less tenured nurses, there was no statistical significance as the effect of resilience is small. However, we identified several additional factors pertinent to the pediatric BMT field which may be associated with nursing retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea S Goodin
- Department of Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
| | - Christopher E Dandoy
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Brenda Mott
- Department of Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mark Mueller
- Department of Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Shannon Sarver
- Department of Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Gabby O'Connor
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Adam Lane
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Aaron Webster
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Laura Flesch
- Department of Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Stella M Davies
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Pauley A, Metcalf M, Buono M, Rent S, Mikindo M, Sawe Y, Kilasara J, Boshe J, Staton CA, Mmbaga BT. "When a man drinks alcohol it's cool but when a woman drinks she is a hoe": A qualitative exploration of alcohol, gender, stigma, and sexual assault in Moshi, Tanzania. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002382. [PMID: 38421959 PMCID: PMC10903863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol's ever-increasing global use poses a distinct threat to human well-being, with intake and associated burdens rising especially quickly in low- and middle-income countries like Tanzania. Prior research has shown alcohol use and related consequences differ by gender in Moshi, Tanzania, with important implications for both clinical care and future alcohol-reduction interventions. This study builds upon this knowledge by providing a deeper understanding of how gender differences affect alcohol-related stigma and sexual assault among Emergency Department (ED) and Reproductive Health Center (RHC) patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC) in Moshi. In-depth interviews were conducted among ED and RHC KCMC patients (n = 19) selected for participation via purposive sampling. A mix of inductive and deductive coding schemes was used to identify themes and subthemes. All data were analyzed through a grounded theory approach. Gender roles that linked men with financial responsibilities and women with child caretaking led to different expectations on alcohol intake, with alcohol use encouraged for men but vilified for women. Women who drank, for example, were deemed poor mothers and undesirable spouses. Patients likewise emphasized that both alcohol-related stigma and sexual violence disproportionately impacted women, the latter fueled through alcohol use, with serious and lasting acts of discrimination and isolation from community members seen among women alcohol users but not for men. Women alcohol users in Moshi are subject to severe social consequences, facing disproportionate stigma and sexual violence as compared to men. Alcohol-related treatment for women should be mindful of the disproportionate burdens present in this context while treatment for men should be cognizant of the social pressures to drink. Strategies to address and/or mitigate these factors should be incorporated in subsequent care and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Pauley
- Global Emergency Medicine Innovation and Implementation Research Center, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Madeline Metcalf
- Global Emergency Medicine Innovation and Implementation Research Center, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mia Buono
- Global Emergency Medicine Innovation and Implementation Research Center, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Sharla Rent
- Global Emergency Medicine Innovation and Implementation Research Center, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Duke Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Yvonne Sawe
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Joseph Kilasara
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, Tanzania
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Judith Boshe
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Catherine A. Staton
- Global Emergency Medicine Innovation and Implementation Research Center, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Duke Department of Emergency Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Blandina T. Mmbaga
- Global Emergency Medicine Innovation and Implementation Research Center, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania
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Rat AC, Minary L, Ayav C, Kivits J, Ricci L. What contextual features affect the outcome and sustainability of therapeutic patient education interventions? PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292360. [PMID: 38354164 PMCID: PMC10866473 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic patient education interventions are influenced by contextual factors. Therefore, describing the context is crucial to understanding how it can affect therapeutic patient education interventions and contribute to outcomes. We aimed to identify the contextual features that may affect the outcome and sustainability of therapeutic patient education interventions from a healthcare professional perspective. METHODS Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals involved in 14 therapeutic patient education interventions covering different chronic conditions (e.g., kidney and cardiovascular diseases, chronic pain, diabetes, obesity). Interviews were recorded and fully transcribed. We followed a general inductive approach to identify themes from healthcare professionals' discourse to properly capture their perception. RESULTS Saturation was achieved with 28 interviews with 20 nurses, 6 dieticians, one physiotherapist and one psychologist. The average therapeutic patient education experience was 7 years. Identified contextual features clustered in 5 main themes: 1) conditions for the development of the intervention (genesis of the program: Who and what prompted it?; supports; content development; legislative framework); 2) integration of the program (in the healthcare pathway or the environment, relationship with the institution or local environment); 3) teamwork cohesion, interaction and integration with the environment (exchanges, cohesion of the team); 4) sustainability of the program; and 5) patient and healthcare professional contextual factors. CONCLUSION New insights into contextual features that may be involved in therapeutic patient education interventions are represented in a framework based on the Medical Research Council evaluation framework. These features need to be addressed in studies of therapeutic patient education interventions and could help healthcare professionals build more effective interventions within the context. However, describing a list of elements of the context is not enough; analyses should also focus on how the contextual elements might affect an intervention and how they interact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Christine Rat
- Inserm, COMETE, PFRS, Caen Normandie University, Caen, France
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital Center Caen, Caen, France
| | | | - Carole Ayav
- CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, CIC, Epidémiologie Clinique, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | | | - Laetitia Ricci
- APEMAC, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, CIC, Epidémiologie Clinique, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
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16
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Alzahrani AS, Greenfield SM, Shrestha S, Paudyal V. Views of healthcare professionals on complementary and alternative medicine use by patients with diabetes: a qualitative study. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:81. [PMID: 38336657 PMCID: PMC10854181 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04385-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent estimates indicate that a significant proportion of diabetic patients globally, up to 51%, are utilizing complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). To improve patient-provider communication and optimize prescribed treatments, healthcare professionals (HCPs) must understand the factors associated with CAM use among diabetic patients. There is a dearth of literature on HCPs perspectives on CAM use by diabetic patients. This study explored HCPs knowledge, perspective, and views on their diabetic patients' use of CAM. METHODS Qualitative study using one-to-one semi-structured interviews conducted with 22 HCPs involved in the care of diabetic patients (6 endocrinologists, 4 general practitioners, 4 nurses and 8 pharmacists). Participants were recruited through general practices, community pharmacies and a diabetic centre in Saudi Arabia. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Five key themes resulted from the analysis. HCPs generally demonstrated negative perceptions toward CAM, particularly regarding their evidence-based effectiveness and safety. Participants described having limited interactions with diabetic patients regarding CAM use due to HCPs' lack of knowledge about CAM, limited consultation time and strict consultation protocols. Participants perceived convenience as the reason why patients use CAM. They believed many users lacked patience with prescribed medications to deliver favourable clinical outcomes and resorted to CAM use. CONCLUSIONS HCPs have noted inadequate engagement with diabetic patients regarding CAM due to a lack of knowledge and resources. To ensure the safe use of CAM in diabetes and optimize prescribed treatment outcomes, one must address the communication gap by implementing a flexible consultation protocol and duration. Additionally, culturally sensitive, and evidence-based information should be available to HCPs and diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz S Alzahrani
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Sir Robert Aitken Institute for Medical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Sheila M Greenfield
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sunil Shrestha
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Vibhu Paudyal
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Sir Robert Aitken Institute for Medical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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17
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Vu T, Quinn M, Womack J, Monin J. 'If I don't take care of me, then I can't be there for others:' a qualitative study of caregiving relationships among older women living with HIV. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38327025 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2313729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The population of women ages 50 years and older living with HIV is increasing. Yet, little is known about the care networks that older women living with HIV (OWLH) use to manage their health. The goal of this study was to explore the caregiving and care receiving relationships among OWLH and how these relationships impact HIV management. METHODS OWLH aged 50 years and older were recruited from clinics and community-based organizations across the U.S. We conducted semi-structured, in-depth phone interviews and performed content and thematic analysis on transcripts. RESULTS Participants (N = 23) were on average 60 years old and had been living with HIV for an average of 23.7 years. Participants 1) relied on diverse care networks; 2) were caregivers for grandchildren and parents; 3) had pride and joy in being caregivers; and 4) were highly proactive in their own HIV management. Care networks promoted self-love and acceptance. However, concerns about aging with HIV were still highly prevalent. CONCLUSION Being a caregiver and care recipient are sources of meaning and strength to help OWLH manage HIV. Public health programs should consider engaging both OWLH and their care networks in healthcare discussions and educational efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Vu
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marielle Quinn
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julie Womack
- Yale University School of Nursing, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joan Monin
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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Antonacci G, Williams A, Smith J, Green L. Study of Whole blood in Frontline Trauma (SWiFT): implementation study protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e078953. [PMID: 38316586 PMCID: PMC11145983 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uncontrolled bleeding is a major cause of death for patients with major trauma. Current transfusion practices vary, and there is uncertainty about the optimal strategy. Whole blood (WB) transfusion, which contains all components in one bag, is considered potentially advantageous, particularly for resuscitating patients with major bleeding in the prehospital setting. It could potentially improve survival, reduce donor risk and simplify the processes of delivering blood transfusions outside hospitals. However, the evidence supporting the effectiveness and safety of WB compared with the standard separate blood component therapy is limited. A multicentre randomised controlled trial will be conducted, alongside an implementation study, to assess the efficacy, cost-effectiveness and implementation of prehospital WB transfusion in the prehospital environment. The implementation study will focus on evaluating the acceptability and integration of the intervention into clinical settings and on addressing broader contextual factors that may influence its success or failure. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A type 1 effectiveness-implementation hybrid design will be employed. The implementation study will use qualitative methods, encompassing comprehensive interviews and focus groups with operational staff, patients and blood donor representatives. Staff will be purposefully selected to ensure a wide range of perspectives based on their professional background and involvement in the WB pathway. The study design includes: (1) initial assessment of current practice and processes in the WB pathway; (2) qualitative interviews with up to 40 operational staff and (3) five focus groups with staff and donor representatives. Data analysis will be guided by the theoretical lenses of the Normalisation Process Theory and the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was prospectively registered and approved by the South Central-Oxford C Research Ethics Committee and the Health Research Authority and Health and Care Research Wales. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and provided to all relevant stakeholders. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN23657907; EudraCT: 2021-006876-18; IRAS Number: 300414; REC: 22/SC/0072.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Antonacci
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Allison Williams
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jason Smith
- Department of Emergency, University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK
- Academic Department of Military Emergency Medicine, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK
| | - Laura Green
- NHS Blood & Transplant and Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Queen Mary University of London Blizard Institute, London, UK
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Singh Ospina N, Patel Chavez C, Godinez Leiva E, Bagautdinova D, Hidalgo J, Hartasanchez S, Algarin Perneth S, Barb D, Danan D, Dziegielewski P, Hughley B, Srihari A, Subbarayan S, Castro MR, Dean D, Morris J, Ryder M, Stan MN, Hargraves I, Bylund CL, Treise D, Montori VM, Brito JP. Clinician feedback using a shared decision-making tool for the evaluation of patients with thyroid nodules-an observational study. Endocrine 2024; 83:449-458. [PMID: 37695453 PMCID: PMC10999160 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03519-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We pilot-tested an encounter conversation aid to support shared decision making (SDM) between patients with thyroid nodules and their clinicians. OBJECTIVE Characterize the clinician feedback after providing care to patients with thyroid nodules using a tool to promote SDM conversations during the clinical encounter, and evaluate how clinicians used the tool during the visit. METHODS Mixed method study in two academic centers in the U.S., including adult patients presenting for evaluation of thyroid nodules and their clinicians. We thematically analyzed interviews with clinicians after they used the SDM tool in at least three visits to characterize their feedback. Additionally, investigators evaluated visits recordings to determine the extent to which clinicians engaged patients in the decision-making process (OPTION score, scale 0 to 100, higher levels indicating higher involvement), the tool's components used (fidelity), and encounter duration. Using a post-visit survey, we evaluated the extent to which clinicians felt the tool was easy to use, helpful, and supportive of the patient-clinician collaboration. RESULTS Thirteen clinicians participated in the study and used the SDM tool in the care of 53 patients. Clinicians thought the tool was well-organized and beneficial to patients and clinicians. Clinicians noticed a change in their routine with the use of the conversation aid and suggested it needed to be more flexible to better support varying conversations. The median OPTION score was 34, the fidelity of use 75%, and the median visit duration 17 min. In most encounters, clinicians agreed or strongly agreed the tool was easy to use (86%), helpful (65%), and supported collaboration (62%). CONCLUSION Clinicians were able to use a SDM tool in the care of patients with thyroid nodules. Although they wished it were more flexible, they found on the whole that its use in the clinical encounter was beneficial to patients and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naykky Singh Ospina
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Chandani Patel Chavez
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eddison Godinez Leiva
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Diliara Bagautdinova
- College of Journalism and Communications, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jessica Hidalgo
- Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit in Endocrinology (KER_Endo), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sandra Hartasanchez
- Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit in Endocrinology (KER_Endo), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sandra Algarin Perneth
- Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit in Endocrinology (KER_Endo), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Diana Barb
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Deepa Danan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Brian Hughley
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ashok Srihari
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sreevidya Subbarayan
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Diana Dean
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - John Morris
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mabel Ryder
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marius N Stan
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ian Hargraves
- Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit in Endocrinology (KER_Endo), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Carma L Bylund
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Debbie Treise
- College of Journalism and Communications, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Victor M Montori
- Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit in Endocrinology (KER_Endo), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Juan P Brito
- Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit in Endocrinology (KER_Endo), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Vestal LE, Schmidt AM, Dougherty NL, Rolf L, Newland JG, Mueller NB. COVID-19 Related Facilitators and Barriers to In-Person Learning for Children With Intellectual and Development Disabilities: A Follow-Up. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024; 94:105-116. [PMID: 37853427 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and the staff who support them were largely in-person during the 2021-2022 school year, despite their continued vulnerability to infection with SARS-CoV-2. This qualitative study aimed to understand continued perceptions of weekly SARS-CoV-2 screening testing of students and staff amidst increased availability of vaccinations. METHODS Twenty-three focus groups were held with school staff and parents of children with IDD to examine the perceptions of COVID-19 during the 2021-2022 school year. Responses were analyzed using a directed thematic content analysis approach. RESULTS Four principal themes were identified: strengths and opportunities of school- and district-level mitigation policies; experience at school with the return to in-person learning; facilitators and barriers to participation in SARS-CoV-2 screening testing; and perceptions of SARS-CoV-2 testing in light of vaccine availability. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY Despite the increased availability of vaccines, school staff and families agreed that saliva-based SARS-CoV-2 screening testing helped increase comfort with in-person learning as long as the virus was present in the community. CONCLUSION To keep children with IDD in school during the pandemic, families found SARS-CoV-2 screening testing important. Clearly communicating school policies and mitigation strategies facilitated peace of mind and confidence in the school district.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz E Vestal
- Evaluation Center, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, Campus Box 1196, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130
| | - Ann M Schmidt
- Evaluation Center, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, Campus Box 1196, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130
| | - Nikole L Dougherty
- Evaluation Center, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, MSC 1196-0251-46, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130
| | - Liz Rolf
- Evaluation Center, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, MSC 1196-0251-46, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130
| | - Jason G Newland
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 620 South Taylor, Northwest Tower 10113, St. Louis, MO, 63130
| | - Nancy B Mueller
- Institutional Effectiveness, Office of the Provost, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus Box 1196-0251-46, One Brookings Drive, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130
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21
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Wu D, Low N, Hawkes SJ. Understanding the factors affecting global political priority for controlling sexually transmitted infections: a qualitative policy analysis. BMJ Glob Health 2024; 9:e014237. [PMID: 38262682 PMCID: PMC10823925 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-014237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a significant public health challenge, but there is a perceived lack of political priority in addressing STIs as a global health issue. Our study aimed to understand the determinants of global political priority for STIs since the 1980s and to discern implications for future prioritisation. METHODS Through semistructured interviews from July 2021 to February 2022, we engaged 20 key stakeholders (8 women, 12 men) from academia, United Nations agencies, international non-governmental organisations, philanthropic organisations and national public health agencies. A published policy framework was employed for thematic analysis, and findings triangulated with relevant literature and policy documents. We examined issue characteristics, prevailing ideas, actor power dynamics and political contexts. RESULTS A contrast in perspectives before and after the year 2000 emerged. STI control was high on the global health agenda during the late 1980s and 1990s, as a means to control HIV. A strong policy community agreed on evidence about the high burden of STIs and that STI management could reduce the incidence of HIV. The level of importance decreased when further research evidence did not find an impact of STI control interventions on HIV incidence. Since 2000, cohesion in the STI community has decreased. New framing for broad STI control has not emerged. Interventions that have been funded, such as human papillomavirus vaccination and congenital syphilis elimination have been framed as cancer control or improving newborn survival, rather than as STI control. CONCLUSION Globally, the perceived decline in STI control priority might stem from discrepancies between investment choices and experts' views on STI priorities. Addressing STIs requires understanding the intertwined nature of politics and empirical evidence in resource allocation. The ascent of universal health coverage presents an opportunity for integrated STI strategies but high-quality care, sustainable funding and strategic coordination are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dadong Wu
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Center for World Health Organization Studies, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nicola Low
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sarah J Hawkes
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
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Atluri N, Mishra SR, Anderson T, Stevens R, Edwards A, Luff E, Nallamothu BK, Golbus JR. Acceptability of a Text Message-Based Mobile Health Intervention to Promote Physical Activity in Cardiac Rehabilitation Enrollees: A Qualitative Substudy of Participant Perspectives. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e030807. [PMID: 38226512 PMCID: PMC10926792 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have the potential to deliver longitudinal support to users outside of episodic clinical encounters. We performed a qualitative substudy to assess the acceptability of a text message-based mHealth intervention designed to increase and sustain physical activity in cardiac rehabilitation enrollees. METHODS AND RESULTS Semistructured interviews were conducted with intervention arm participants of a randomized controlled trial delivered to low- and moderate-risk cardiac rehabilitation enrollees. Interviews explored participants' interaction with the mobile application, reflections on tailored text messages, integration with cardiac rehabilitation, and opportunities for improvement. Transcripts were thematically analyzed using an iteratively developed codebook. Sample size consisted of 17 participants with mean age of 65.7 (SD 8.2) years; 29% were women, 29% had low functional capacity, and 12% were non-White. Four themes emerged from interviews: engagement, health impact, personalization, and future directions. Participants engaged meaningfully with the mHealth intervention, finding it beneficial in promoting increased physical activity. However, participants desired greater personalization to their individual health goals, fitness levels, and real-time environment. Generally, those with lower functional capacity and less experience with exercise were more likely to view the intervention positively. Finally, participants identified future directions for the intervention including better incorporation of exercise physiologists and social support systems. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac rehabilitation enrollees viewed a text message-based mHealth intervention favorably, suggesting the potentially high usefulness of mHealth technologies in this population. Addressing participant-identified needs on increased user customization and inclusion of clinical and social support is crucial to enhancing the effectiveness of future mHealth interventions. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04587882.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namratha Atluri
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Sonali R. Mishra
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Theresa Anderson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Rachel Stevens
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Angel Edwards
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Evan Luff
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Brahmajee K. Nallamothu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- Michigan Integrated Center for Health Analytics and Medical Prediction (MiCHAMP)University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- The Center for Clinical Management and Research, Ann Arbor VA Medical CenterAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Jessica R. Golbus
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- The Center for Clinical Management and Research, Ann Arbor VA Medical CenterAnn ArborMIUSA
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Ohta R, Yakabe T, Sano C. Addressing health challenges in rural Japan: a thematic analysis of social isolation and community solutions. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2024; 25:26. [PMID: 38216862 PMCID: PMC10790262 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02266-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The establishment of sustainable connections between medical professionals and rural citizens is pivotal for effective community healthcare. Our study focuses on understanding and resolving health problems arising from social isolation, a critical barrier to achieving this goal, especially in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic's impact on community dynamics respecting social cognitive theory. This study investigates the link between social isolation and rural community healthcare. We aim to develop methods that improve interaction and collaboration between healthcare providers and rural communities, ultimately enhancing the region's healthcare system. METHODS Employing thematic analysis based on social cognitive theory, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 57 community workers in rural communities. This qualitative approach enabled us to delve into the nuances of social isolation and its multifaceted impact on health and community well-being. RESULTS Our analysis revealed four key themes: the impact of aging on social dynamics, shifts in community relationships, unique aspects of rural community networking, and the role of these networks in driving community health. Notably, we identified specific challenges, such as the erosion of intergenerational interactions and the hesitancy to seek support, exacerbated by social isolation and negatively impacting community health. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals the complex factors affecting rural community sustainability, particularly social isolation influenced by privacy concerns and changing social dynamics. Emphasizing the importance of social cognitive theory, it highlights the need for adaptable healthcare systems and strong community-medical collaborations. Future research should focus on developing culturally sensitive, practical strategies for enhancing these collaborations, especially involving physicians, to address rural communities' unique challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Ohta
- Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, 699-1221 96-1 Iida, Daito-Cho, Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Japan.
| | - Toshihiro Yakabe
- Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, 699-1221 96-1 Iida, Daito-Cho, Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Japan
| | - Chiaki Sano
- Department of Community Medicine Management, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo, Shimane Prefecture, 693-8501, Japan
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Phillips KM, Tichavakunda AA, Sedaghat AR. Qualitative Research Methodology and Applications: A Primer for the Otolaryngologist. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:27-31. [PMID: 37345617 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Qualitative and mixed methods methodology is becoming more commonplace in otolaryngology as the field strives to understand more complex concepts of the ear, nose, and throat. This methodology can have tremendous utility in studies directed at patient-centered care by offering practical insights and granular detail-directly from patients-which may not be realized by quantitative approaches. METHODS Narrative Review. RESULTS This review focuses on what questions can be answered by qualitative research, the basics of the underlying principals and different methodologies utilized, and describes the pearls, pitfalls, and rigor of qualitative research. CONCLUSIONS This understanding of qualitative inquiry is critical for the otolaryngologist to stay current on what is published and have the ability to include this in their research repertoire. Laryngoscope, 134:27-31, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie M Phillips
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Antar A Tichavakunda
- Department of Education, Gevirtz Graduate School of Education, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Ahmad R Sedaghat
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Skarphedinsson G, Speight Kristínardóttir SÓ, Gústavsson SM, Sigurðsson JF. Parents' experience and views on the assessment and treatment of children with OCD within the public mental health system in Iceland: a qualitative study. Nord J Psychiatry 2024; 78:22-29. [PMID: 37694737 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2023.2254758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children can lead to long-lasting symptoms and access to evidence-based evaluation and treatment is crucial for its prevention. In Iceland, the law guarantees public access to the highest quality healthcare services. To date, no study has evaluated the services available for children with OCD within the national healthcare system (NMHS). This qualitative study explored the experiences of parents navigating the Icelandic NMHS for their children with OCD. METHOD AND MATERIALS Seven parents who had sought services within the NMHS for their children diagnosed with OCD at private clinics were interviewed using a semi-structured interview. The responses were analyzed using thematic framework analysis. RESULTS Nineteen themes were identified, including three overarching themes and eight overarching sub-themes, and eight sub-themes within them. A prevalent theme was the giving up on the national mental healthcare system due to parents' experiences of accessing mental healthcare for their children being challenging. Other issues faced by parents included a lack of knowledge on where to seek help, inadequate evaluation of the issue, and the lack of access to psychotherapy for their children. The healthcare workers' responses and recommendations also resulted in parents seeking treatment at private clinics. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the need for clearer pathways for seeking help, improved access to trained healthcare workers, and a more centralized evaluation process. These insights can potentially guide future research and policy decisions to better support families dealing with childhood OCD in Iceland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson
- Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
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Yee S, Lindsay EA, Laszlo TL, Fine JL, Swanberg L, Librach CL. A qualitative analysis of gestational surrogates' healthcare experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Midwifery 2024; 128:103888. [PMID: 37995548 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE No empirical data are available on the healthcare experiences of surrogates during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine the impact of pandemic-control measures on surrogates' fertility, pregnancy and birthing experiences. METHODS Sampling frame included eligible surrogates who were actively involved in a surrogacy process at an academic IVF centre during the pandemic (03/2020 to 02/2022). Data were collected between 29/04/2022 and 31/07/2022 using an anonymous 85-item online survey that included twelve open-ended questions. Free-text comments were analysed by thematic analysis. FINDINGS The response rate was 50.7% (338/667). Of the 320 completed surveys used for analysis, 609 comments were collected from 206 respondents. Twelve main themes and thirty-six sub-themes grouped under 'vaccination', 'fertility treatment', 'pregnancy care', and 'surrogacy birth' were identified. Three in five surrogates found the control measures highly or moderately affected their surrogacy experiences. Themes involving loneliness and isolation frequently emerged when essential surrogacy support was restricted by the visitor protocols implemented at healthcare facilities. DISCUSSION Our findings show that restricting or limiting intended parents' in-person involvement increased surrogates' feelings of isolation and made the overall surrogacy experience less rewarding and fulfilling. Furthermore, the childbirth experiences of surrogates were mostly negative, suggesting that hospitals were ill-equipped to manage all births, including surrogacy births, during the pandemic. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Our findings highlight the needs to rethink how surrogacy care and maternity services could be strengthened to better serve the needs of surrogates during times of public health crises, such as COVID-19, while still allowing for risk mitigation and maximising patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Yee
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada.
| | - Emma A Lindsay
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tali L Laszlo
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada; Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacob L Fine
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leia Swanberg
- Canadian Fertility Consulting, Cobourg, Ontario, Canada
| | - Clifford L Librach
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Endocrinology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Gynecology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Guri-Scherman ALY, Neumark Y, Rodnay M, Bar-Zeev Y. Barriers and Enablers to Implementing a Smoke-free Home and Car During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study Among Expectant Israeli Fathers. Nicotine Tob Res 2024; 26:94-101. [PMID: 37565607 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy is a significant cause of negative health effects. This study aims to identify barriers and facilitators for implementing a smoke-free home and car among expectant Israeli fathers. AIMS AND METHODS Twenty-four qualitative semistructured telephone interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed according to a reflexive and collaborative thematic approach. Inclusion criteria were being male, Hebrew speaker, age ≥18 years, smoking at least one cigarette a day, and living with their nonsmoking pregnant spouse. The Capability, Opportunity and Motivation for Behavior (COM-B) model was used as a theoretical model for analysis. RESULTS Participants reported feeling a strong responsibility for their pregnant spouse's comfort and health, stating that they are doing the best they can to reduce their spouse's secondhand smoke exposure (Motivation). Participants had a low level of knowledge about specific secondhand smoke health consequences, effective strategies to reduce secondhand smoke exposure, with incorrect perceptions about what constitutes exposure (Capability). Couple relationships were not affected by the husband's smoking habits, and participants expressed mutual consideration and understanding (Opportunity). Participants also expressed positive attitudes regarding smoke-free home and car implementation but emphasized that any changes have to be their own decision (Motivation). CONCLUSIONS The present study identified principal Capability, Opportunity and Motivation barriers and facilitators that influence Israeli expectant fathers' decision to implement a smoke-free home and car. Those findings will inform the development of a digital behavioral intervention targeting expectant fathers to reduce prenatal secondhand smoke exposure. IMPLICATIONS Secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy is a significant cause of negative health effects. Interventions among expectant fathers that focus on creating a smoke-free home and car may be effective because pregnancy has been identified as a "window of opportunity" that generates a strong motivation and creates a sense of urgency to change smoking behavior, while being considered more achievable than smoking cessation. Interventions might be effective if they focus on strengthening the parental responsibility among expectant fathers and emphasize the benefits of a smoke-free home and car, while maintaining male autonomy and increasing skills to effectively implement a smoke-free home and car.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yehuda Neumark
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Maya Rodnay
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Bar-Zeev
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Davies B, Forman J, McIlroy C, Joe H, Safabakhsh S, Liew J, Parker J, Du D, Andrade JG, Bennett MT, Hawkins NM, Chakrabarti S, Yeung J, Deyell MW, Krahn AD, Moss R, Ong K, Laksman Z. Patient experiences of implantable cardiac monitoring in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an exploratory study. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2023; 22:780-785. [PMID: 36705579 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvad017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited heart disease. Insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are increasingly used in this population to provide closer monitoring, with the potential for notification systems. However, little is known regarding the psychological impact this information may have on patients. The Abbott Confirm Rx™ ICM has the capability of connecting to the patient's smartphone to enable active participation in their care, as well as two-way communication between the patient and their care providers. This study aimed to explore individuals' experiences of having a smartphone-enabled ICM to monitor for arrhythmias in HCM. METHODS AND RESULTS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 participants. Utilizing a grounded theory approach, the interview guide was modified based on emerging themes throughout the study. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied to categorize interview data into codes and overacting themes, with each interview independently coded by two study members. Analysis revealed three key themes: (i) psychological impact, (ii) educational needs, and (iii) technology expectations. Participants reported that receiving feedback from ICM transmissions resulted in improved symptom clarity, providing reassurance, and aiding implantable cardioverter defibrillator decision-making. Some participants reported uncertainty regarding when to send manual transmissions. Lastly, participants reported the app interface did not meet expectations with regard to the amount of data available for patients. CONCLUSION Overall, utilizing a smartphone app to facilitate two-way communication of ICM transmissions was well accepted. Future directions include addressing gaps in educational needs and improvements in the patient interface with increased access to data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Davies
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Forman
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Cheryl McIlroy
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Heather Joe
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Sina Safabakhsh
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Janet Liew
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Jeremy Parker
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Darson Du
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Jason G Andrade
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Matthew T Bennett
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Nathaniel M Hawkins
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Santabhanu Chakrabarti
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - John Yeung
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Marc W Deyell
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Andrew D Krahn
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Robert Moss
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Kevin Ong
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Zachary Laksman
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Room 220, 1033 Davie St. Vancouver BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
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Mullen N, Ashby S, Haskins R, Osmotherly P. The experiences and preferences of individuals living with a musculoskeletal disorder regarding prognosis: A qualitative study. Musculoskeletal Care 2023; 21:987-996. [PMID: 37139716 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
QUESTION(S) What are the experiences and preferences of individuals living with a musculoskeletal disorder regarding prognosis? DESIGN Exploratory phenomenological study. PARTICIPANTS Individuals aged 18-year or older currently experiencing a musculoskeletal disorder and receiving treatment from a physiotherapist. DATA ANALYSIS Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using inductive coding and thematic analysis. RESULTS Five themes were identified. First, participants described seeking a cause for their pain. This influenced their experience of prognosis as they perceived a diagnosis was required to inform their prognosis. Second, whilst participants wished to receive a prognosis from their physiotherapist, this was often not their experience. Third, participants perceived that physiotherapists have the potential to impact prognosis through exercise prescription, management of conditions, and improving function. Fourth, receiving a prognosis can have both a positive and negative impact on the individual. Positive impacts include planning for the future, motivation, knowledge acquisition, and instilling hope. However, receiving a prognosis can be disheartening if a patient's expectations are unmet. Finally, participants have several preferences regarding receiving a prognosis including when and how often the prognosis is discussed, what prognostic information is provided, how the prognosis is presented, and what prognosis based on. CONCLUSION Individuals wish to receive a prognosis, although this is not always their experience. Individuals perceive that physiotherapists have the ability to provide a prognosis and impact their prognosis. Furthermore, receiving a prognosis has an impact on itself. To ensure patient-centred care, physiotherapists should explicitly discuss the prognosis with patients and consider their preferences when providing a prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Mullen
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Samantha Ashby
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Robin Haskins
- John Hunter Hospital Outpatient Service, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Peter Osmotherly
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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Chung Y, Jun M, Jeon D, Paik B, Kim YJ. Increasing Accessibility to Metabolic Bariatric Surgery: A Qualitative Study Based on In-Depth Interviews of Korean Adult Patients With Severe Obesity. JOURNAL OF METABOLIC AND BARIATRIC SURGERY 2023; 12:44-56. [PMID: 38196786 PMCID: PMC10771974 DOI: 10.17476/jmbs.2023.12.2.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Purpose After the initiation of national health insurance coverage in 2019, the number of metabolic bariatric surgeries (MBSs) in Korea has been increasing. Despite evidence regarding its efficacy, many candidates are hesitant regarding surgery for the treatment of severe obesity. This study interviewed patients who received MBS to further understand potential barriers and increase the accessibility of MBS. Materials and Methods Eight interviewees who received MBS after 2019 participated. The interviews began in mid-July 2022 over approximately a month. Each one-on-one interview lasted a few hours and was done in person. The interviews were transcribed, and the results were analyzed based on grounded theory. Results This study focused on the quality of life before and after MBS. On a scale of 1 to 10, all patients had a high degree of satisfaction in quality of life after surgery (average score: 8.9, sleeve gastrectomy: 8.8, and bypass surgery: 9). Scores did not differ depending on procedure type, but factors that caused satisfaction and dissatisfaction were distributed differently between the 2 procedures. Conclusion Quality of life is significantly improved for patients undergoing MBS despite discomfort after surgery. Further promotion of the understanding of obesity as a chronic progressive disease is needed for both surgical candidates and the public to increase acceptance of MBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoona Chung
- Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Center, Department of Surgery, H+ Yangji Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Dongjae Jeon
- Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Center, Department of Surgery, H+ Yangji Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bomina Paik
- Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Center, Department of Surgery, H+ Yangji Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Jin Kim
- Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Center, Department of Surgery, H+ Yangji Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Abbas A, Rice HE, Poenaru D, Samad L. Defining Feasibility as a Criterion for Essential Surgery: A Qualitative Study with Global Children's Surgery Experts. World J Surg 2023; 47:3083-3092. [PMID: 37838634 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-023-07203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Disease Control Priorities (DCP-3) group defines surgery as essential if it addresses a significant burden, is cost-effective, and is feasible-yet the feasibility component remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to develop a precise definition of feasibility for essential surgical procedures for children. METHODS Four online focus group discussions (FGDs) were organized among 19 global children's surgery providers with experience of working in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs), representing 10 countries. FGDs were transcribed verbatim, and qualitative data analysis was performed. Codes, categories, themes, and subthemes were identified. RESULTS Six determinants of feasibility were identified, including: adequate human resources; adequate material resources; procedure and disease complexity; team commitment and understanding of their setting; timely access to care; and the ability to monitor and achieve good outcomes. Factors unique to feasibility of children's surgery included children's right to health and their reliance on adults for accessing safe and timely care; the need for specialist workforce; and children's unique perioperative care needs. FGD participants reported a greater need for task-sharing and shifting, creativity, and adaptability in resource-limited settings. Resource availability was seen to have a direct impact on decision-making and prioritization, e.g., saving a life versus achieving the best outcome. CONCLUSIONS The identification of a precise definition of feasibility serves as a pivotal step in identifying a list of essential surgical procedures for children, which would serve as indicators of institutional surgical capacity for this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alizeh Abbas
- Center for Essential Surgical and Acute Care, Global Health Directorate, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan.
- Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
| | - Henry E Rice
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dan Poenaru
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Larsson H, Strobel MJ, Perez-Guagnelli E. Emotional Journey of Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Adv Ther 2023; 40:5254-5270. [PMID: 37770769 PMCID: PMC10611832 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02678-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic and progressive disease associated with dysphagia and eosinophilic infiltration of the esophageal mucosa. EoE can have a negative impact on a patient's quality of life (QoL); however, there is very limited data reflecting the emotional journey of patients with EoE or their perceived unmet needs. The aim of this study was to determine the emotional impact of EoE on patients at each stage of the patient journey. METHODS In this cross-sectional and qualitative research study, adult patients with EoE from eight different countries provided their experiences and feelings across each stage of the patient journey through one-on-one semi-structured interviews. RESULTS Twenty-one patients with EoE were enrolled in the study. The results of the one-on-one interviews showed that patients living with EoE go through an exhausting emotional experience during the different stages of the patient journey. In the pre-seeking-care stage, patients feel confused, afraid, frustrated, anxious, lonely, and misunderstood. During the diagnostic process, patients feel highly frustrated and angry because of the long and burdensome process. When EoE is finally diagnosed, patients feel liberated and relieved. When treatment is initiated, patients feel relief and enthusiasm, and, once the treatment starts to be effective and during the monitoring stage, they feel happier, less stressed, more confident, more relaxed, less fearful, and more in control owing to the improvement of their symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This study pays attention to the different stages of the journey of patients with EoE. There is a lack of awareness by both physicians and patients that negatively affects every stage of the patient journey, but especially the initial phases of pre seeking care and diagnosis. We intend for this article to represent an opportunity to increase EoE awareness and to show the importance of considering the emotional impact on a patient with EoE's journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Larsson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, NU-Hospital Group, Trollhättan, Sweden
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and neck surgery, Institute of clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mary J Strobel
- American Partnership for Eosinophilic Disorders, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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Stalker HJ, Jonasson AR, Hopfer SM, Collins MS. Improvement in cystic fibrosis newborn screening program outcomes with genetic counseling via telemedicine. Pediatr Pulmonol 2023; 58:3478-3486. [PMID: 37712603 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CF Foundation) recommends the provision of genetic counseling (GC) to help educate families and decrease anxiety around the cystic fibrosis (CF) newborn screening process. Unfortunately, access to genetic counselors is limited, especially for CF trained genetic counselors. We hypothesized that the GC process for families could be improved by utilizing telemedicine to leverage the availability of two dedicated, CF trained genetic counselors to provide access to GC for several CF centers. In addition, we hoped to demonstrate that use of trained CF genetic counselors, delivering GC via telemedicine at the time of sweat testing, would provide families with understanding of CF genetics as well as result in high satisfaction with the newborn screening process. METHODS GC was provided by CF trained genetic counselors via telemedicine at the time of sweat testing. Following the counseling session, families were administered an anonymous written survey to evaluate their impression of the services provided. A subset of 50 families was recruited for an assessment of gained knowledge regarding CF genetics using the Ciske knowledge inventory. Using χ2 analysis, Ciske knowledge inventory data from our telemedicine GC families was compared to counseled and uncounseled Ciske historical controls. Lastly, in-depth interviews about the newborn screening process for CF were performed with 10 families and interviews were coded for emerging themes. RESULTS During the 4 years of the study, 250 patients received GC. Overall comfort with the counseling rated 4.77 out of 5 using a Likert scale. After counseling by telemedicine, parents demonstrated improved understanding of the genetic implications of an abnormal CF newborn screen for their family, with 100% of families understanding that their child was a carrier for CF as compared to 97.2% of counseled (p = .023) and 78.5% of uncounseled (p = .0007) from Ciske historical controls. The study group also showed improvement in understanding of both parents possibly being carriers, with an 87.7% correct response rate compared to a 37.0% correct response rate in the counseled group (p < .0001) and a 35.4% correct response rate in the non-counseled group (p < .0001) from Ciske historical controls. Subgroup analysis at one site showed a significant increase in the number of infants with completed sweat tests from previous years (49% in 2013 vs. 80% in 2017 during the study, p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS GC by telemedicine was well received by families and demonstrated improved family knowledge acquisition and understanding of CF as it related to risks for their child as well as identification of risks for other family members. Furthermore, in addition to an increase is those receiving GC, a subgroup analysis demonstrated a significant increase in the number of infants receiving sweat tests. This study demonstrates that GC via telemedicine for CF is feasible and demonstrates improvement in parent understanding of CF genetics. Furthermore, this method can be implemented effectively across a wide geographical area with a limited number of CF trained genetic counselors to improve access to care for patients and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Stalker
- Hayward Telegenetics Center, Division of Pediatric Genetics and Metabolism, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Amy R Jonasson
- Hayward Telegenetics Center, Division of Pediatric Genetics and Metabolism, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sidney M Hopfer
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Melanie Sue Collins
- Central Connecticut Cystic Fibrosis Center/Connecticut Childrens' Medical Center, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Meyers N, Kaminski M, Master S, Catallozzi M, Friedman S. A qualitative assessment of adolescent perspectives on patient education in the outpatient setting. PEC INNOVATION 2023; 2:100117. [PMID: 37214505 PMCID: PMC10194254 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective To explore adolescent perspectives on the content and delivery of anticipatory guidance (AG), both during and after outpatient visits, in order to develop targeted resources and educational material for adolescent patients. Methods Semi-structured phone interviews among patients ages 12 to 21 seen between May-July 2021 at four outpatient sites of NewYork Presbyterian Hospital were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Content domains included attitudes toward and preferences around AG, discharge instructions and patient education resources. Results Twenty-eight of 156 recruited patients completed interviews; 52% received an After Visit Summary (AVS); of the 48% who did not receive it, half of them expressed interest in receiving one. Themes included positive perceptions of the AVS, patient-physician communication, multimodal delivery of educational materials, and critical discussion topics such as mental health and nutrition. Conclusion Adolescents value the AVS and prefer multimodal materials and topics that are specifically geared towards them, rather than their caregivers. Innovation This study is the first to explore adolescent perspectives on AG and after-visit informational materials. These findings may help more effectively reach, educate and engage adolescent patients in the primary care setting by guiding the focused development of patient-centered instructions and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Meyers
- Department of Pediatrics, NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, 630 W 168th Street, PH 5, East Room 520, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michelle Kaminski
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Samuel Master
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Marina Catallozzi
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Suzanne Friedman
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Davies S, Darien K, Bazyar F, Biddle J, Brown B, Christman C, Saurman M, Wood S, Thomas D, Dowshen N. A Multimodal Qualitative Approach to Understanding Menstrual Health Equity among Adolescents and Young Adults. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2023; 36:511-517. [PMID: 37543239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Menstrual inequity-unequal access to menstrual health care or products-negatively affects well-being in relation to the menstrual cycle, a construct known as menstrual health. Few studies have explored menstrual inequities among adolescent and young adult populations in the United States. This multimodal qualitative research aimed to explore factors that influence the lived experience of menstruation among this population. METHODS This qualitative study consisted of individual interviews among menstruators ages 13-24, recruited from an urban academic medical center. Participants (N = 20) were a mean age of 19 years; 25% previously endorsed period poverty, and 90% were publicly insured. We conducted semi-structured interviews using participant video diaries in a video elicitation exercise. Data were coded by 2 investigators using thematic analysis driven by grounded theory. RESULTS Emergent themes included the need to normalize menstruation, the need for comprehensive menstrual health education, and the need for menstrual products to be more accessible. Twelve youth prepared video diaries, and all reported positive experiences with the video process. CONCLUSIONS This youth-centered, multimodal study is one of the first to qualitatively explore the lived experiences of menstruation among adolescents in the United States and identified key inequities in menstrual health from their own perspectives. Thematic findings were mapped onto a proposed framework for menstrual equity that can be applied to future research and efforts around policy change. More research is needed to assess the impacts of these policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Davies
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Kaja Darien
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Farnaz Bazyar
- Menstrual Health Equity Youth Advisory Board, Adolescent Specialty Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Janaya Biddle
- Menstrual Health Equity Youth Advisory Board, Adolescent Specialty Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bernice Brown
- Menstrual Health Equity Youth Advisory Board, Adolescent Specialty Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Colton Christman
- Menstrual Health Equity Youth Advisory Board, Adolescent Specialty Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maxwell Saurman
- Menstrual Health Equity Youth Advisory Board, Adolescent Specialty Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sarah Wood
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Nadia Dowshen
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Rider N, Safi F, Marshall T, Jones S, Seo B, Viste D, Taplay PE, Rioux W, Ghosh SM. Investigating uses of peer-operated Virtual Overdose Monitoring Services (VOMS) beyond overdose response: a qualitative study. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2023; 49:809-817. [PMID: 37956211 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2023.2271642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Virtual overdose monitoring services (VOMS) are novel technologies that allow remote monitoring of individuals while they use substances (especially those who use alone) electronically.Objectives: The authors explored key partner perspectives regarding services offered by VOMS beyond overdose response with the aim of understanding the breadth and perception of the services amongst those that use these services and are impacted by them.Methods: Forty-seven participants from six key partner groups [peers who had used VOMS (25%), peers who had not used VOMS (17%), family members of peers (11%), health professionals (21%), harm reduction sector employees (15%), and VOMS operators (15%)] underwent 20-to-60-minute semi-structured telephone interviews. Of peer and family groups, thirteen participants identified as female, eleven as male and one as non-binary, gender data was not recorded for other key partner groups. Interview guides were developed and interviews were conducted until saturation was reached across all participants. Themes and subthemes were identified and member checked with partner groups.Results: Participants indicated that uses of VOMS beyond overdose monitoring included: (1) providing mental health support and community referral; (2) methamphetamine agitation de-escalation; (3) advice on self-care and harm reduction; and (4) a sense of community and peer support. Respondents were divided on how VOMS might affect emergency services (5).Conclusions: VOMS are currently being used for purposes beyond drug poisoning prevention, including community methamphetamine psychosis de-escalation, mental health support, and community peer support. VOMS are capable of delivering a broad suite of harm reduction services and referring clients to recovery-oriented services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Rider
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Fahad Safi
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tyler Marshall
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Boogyung Seo
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dylan Viste
- Three Hive Consulting, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - William Rioux
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - S Monty Ghosh
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Bridges NC, Taber R, Foulds AL, Bear TM, Cloutier RM, McDonough BL, Gordon AJ, Cochran GT, Donohue JM, Adair D, DiDomenico E, Pringle JL, Gellad WF, Kelley D, Cole ES. Medications for opioid use disorder in rural primary care practices: Patient and provider experiences. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2023; 154:209133. [PMID: 37543217 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The opioid epidemic has exacted a significant toll in rural areas, yet adoption of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) lags. The Rural Access to Medication Assisted Treatment in Pennsylvania (RAMP) Project facilitated adoption of MOUD in rural primary care clinics. The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of the barriers and facilitators operating at multiple levels to access or provide MOUD in rural Pennsylvania. METHODS In total, the study conducted 35 semi-structured interviews with MOUD patients and MOUD providers participating in RAMP. Qualitative analysis incorporated both deductive and inductive approaches. The study team coded interviews and performed thematic analysis. Using a modified social-ecological framework, themes from the qualitative interviews are organized in five nested levels: individual, interpersonal, health care setting, community, and public policy. RESULTS Patients and providers agreed on many barriers (e.g., lack of providers, lack of transportation, insufficient rapport and trust in patient-provider relationship, and cost, etc.); however, their interpretation of the barrier, or indicated solution, diverged in meaningful ways. Patients described their experiences in broad terms pointing to the social determinants of health, as they highlighted their lives outside of the therapeutic encounter in the clinic. Providers focused on their professional roles, responsibilities, and operations within the primary care setting. CONCLUSIONS Providers may want to discuss barriers to treatment related to social determinants of health with patients, and pursue partnerships with organizations that seek to address those barriers. The findings from these interviews point to potential opportunities to enhance patient experience, increase access to and optimize processes for MOUD in rural areas, and reduce stigma against people with opioid use disorder (OUD) in the wider community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora C Bridges
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Schenley Place, Suite 520, 4420 Bayard Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | - Rachel Taber
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Schenley Place, Suite 520, 4420 Bayard Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Abigail L Foulds
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 1218 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Todd M Bear
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Schenley Place, Suite 520, 4420 Bayard Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Renee M Cloutier
- Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Brianna L McDonough
- Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Adam J Gordon
- Program for Addiction Research, Clinical Care, Education, and Advocacy, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 N. 1900 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Gerald T Cochran
- Program for Addiction Research, Clinical Care, Education, and Advocacy, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 N. 1900 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Julie M Donohue
- University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, 130 De Soto St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Dale Adair
- Pennsylvania Office of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Harrisburg, PA 17105, USA
| | - Ellen DiDomenico
- Pennsylvania Department of Human Services, 625 Forster St., Harrisburg, PA, 17120, USA
| | - Janice L Pringle
- Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Walid F Gellad
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - David Kelley
- Pennsylvania Office of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Harrisburg, PA 17105, USA
| | - Evan S Cole
- University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, 130 De Soto St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
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Wójcik‐Brylska K, Pawlicka P, Tataj‐Puzyna U, Szlendak B, Baranowska B. 'Do we need doulas…?' - Perspectives of maternity care managers on the role of doulas in Poland. Nurs Open 2023; 10:7186-7200. [PMID: 37605550 PMCID: PMC10563425 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to analyse perinatal care managers' perspectives on the role of doulas in Poland and to consider how managers' perspectives might affect the opportunities for doulas to practice in individual hospitals. DESIGN This is a qualitative descriptive study. METHOD The total of 17 hospitals was selected for the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 manager staff members. RESULTS Three groups of facilities were identified: '0' (n = 6) - refused to give interviews, 'A' (n = 8) - marginal experience in working with doulas, and 'B' (n = 3) - regular experience in working with doulas. The hospitals from Group A showed indifference towards working with doulas. Group B declared a positive attitude towards such cooperation. Attitudes towards doulas vary among executives and are related to the frequency of doula-assisted births. Our results indicate factors that may influence the attitude of medical staff towards doulas and which may contribute to improve future initiatives meant to facilitate collaboration between midwives and doulas. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This study explored the lived experiences of perinatal care managers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulina Pawlicka
- Department of Cross‐Cultural and Gender PsychologyUniversity of Gdansk, Institute of PsychologyGdanskPoland
| | | | | | - Barbara Baranowska
- Department of MidwiferyCentre of Postgraduate Medical EducationWarsawPoland
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Char S, Prager K, Dugdale L, Fischkoff K. Surgeon Perspectives on Daily Presentation of Ethical Dilemmas: A Qualitative Study. J Am Coll Surg 2023; 237:751-761. [PMID: 37427844 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgeons encounter and navigate a unique set of ethical dilemmas. The American College of Surgeons (ACS) previously identified 6 core ethical issues central to the practice of surgery, but there have been no reports of the true range and complexity of ethical dilemmas encountered by surgeons in their daily practice. Qualitative research is well positioned to address this question. STUDY DESIGN We conducted in-depth interviews with attending surgeons across multiple surgical subspecialties at a large, urban, academic medical center asking them to describe the most common ethical dilemmas they encounter in day-to-day practice. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded according to a grounded theory, inductive approach. RESULTS Thirty attending surgeons were interviewed, representing twelve different general surgery subspecialties. The majority of dilemmas identified pertained to 4 of the 6 ACS identified core ethical issues: professional obligations, competition of interests, truth telling, and end-of-life care. No participants described dilemmas relating to the themes of confidentiality or surrogate decision-making. Approximately one-third of participants identified ethical issues not well characterized by the ACS core principles, most often relating to the pressure to provide care that is not medically indicated. There was strong support for a formalized surgical ethics curriculum. CONCLUSIONS Although the ACS-defined core ethical issues in surgery appropriately captured many ethical dilemmas identified by participants, surgeons described several scenarios not well characterized by these themes. A dedicated surgical ethics curriculum may help to better equip surgeons to navigate the ethical dilemmas they are likely to face in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Char
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery (Chan, Fischkoff), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Kenneth Prager
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine (Prager), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Center for Clinical Medical Ethics (Prager, Dugdale, Fischkoff), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Lydia Dugdale
- Department of Medicine, Center for Clinical Medical Ethics (Prager, Dugdale, Fischkoff), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine (Dugdale), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Katherine Fischkoff
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery (Chan, Fischkoff), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Center for Clinical Medical Ethics (Prager, Dugdale, Fischkoff), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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Takruri A, Nawajah I, Jabari CE. A mixed methods study of using wasta in healthcare services in Palestine: predictors, consequences and proposed solutions. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1123. [PMID: 37858235 PMCID: PMC10585732 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10114-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Equity in access to quality healthcare is a fundamental human right. Yet studies demonstrate that some people receive preferential treatment while others are discriminated against. Wasta is a prevalent strategy whereby personal connections are used for influence and may result in gaining unfair advantages over others. This study aims to investigate wasta use in healthcare, the factors associated with its use, and the impact of wasta use on the equity and quality of healthcare services. METHODS A mixed-methods study utilizing a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews was conducted in Palestine (West Bank and Gaza) between October 2021 and February 2022. Quantitative analysis was performed using Stata version 14. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions assessed the relationship between wasta use and individual-level variables such as gender, residence, age, employment status, and financial situation. Content analyses of qualitative transcripts were performed using Dedoose version 9. Textual quotes were grouped into major and minor themes. RESULTS Multivariate regressions revealed that wasta use is more prevalent among refugee camp dwellers and more frequent in Gaza compared to the West Bank. Wasta was also employed to a greater degree among government employees. Qualitative interviews complemented the quantitative results and added further insights into the consequences of Wasta use in healthcare settings such as negatively impacting quality and equity in healthcare services. CONCLUSION Wasta use in healthcare can have an adverse effect on equity and quality. Ensuring efficient processes, reduced financial burdens, stringent accountability measures, transparency, and training programs can contribute to diminishing the need for using wasta in healthcare. By addressing both systemic and cultural factors that perpetuate wasta, societies can move closer to healthcare systems characterized by fairness, accessibility, and ethical integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Takruri
- Grants Office, Hebron University, Hebron, Palestine.
| | - Inad Nawajah
- Faculty of Science, Hebron University, Hebron, Palestine
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Coteur K, Peters S, Jansen P, Schoenmakers B, Van Nuland M. Reducing long-term use of benzodiazepine receptor agonists: In-depth interview study with primary care stakeholders. Health Expect 2023; 27:e13888. [PMID: 37849382 PMCID: PMC10726152 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To increase our understanding of which factors contribute to long-term benzodiazepine receptor agonist (BZRA) use for insomnia in primary care, from a patients', general practitioners' (GP) and pharmacists' perspective. DESIGN Qualitative research following a grounded theory approach. SETTING Primary care in Belgium. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-four participants were interviewed, including nine patients, six GPs and nine pharmacists. MEASUREMENTS In-depth, semistructured interviews with iterative cycles of data collection and analysis. Transcripts were analysed using the framework method. Thematic findings were interpreted in the context of the Theoretical Domains Framework. FINDINGS A reflexive relation was identified between views about hypnotic use at the level of society, healthcare and patients. Behaviour change appeared to depend strongly on context and social influence, including a need for supporting relationships by all stakeholders. Six key messages captured factors that contribute to long-term BZRA use for insomnia in primary care: societal beliefs as a game changer, the opportunity of nonpharmacological treatment, collaborative primary care, patient-centred goals, informed consent and self-management. CONCLUSIONS Long-term BZRA use for insomnia is a complex and multifaceted public health problem that is not adequately addressed in primary care at this time. Although primary care professionals in this study found discontinuation of long-term BZRA use relevant to the patient's health, many organisational and personal barriers were reported. Moreover, the current social and healthcare context is not empowering patients and professionals to reduce long-term BZRA use for insomnia. Specifically, for primary care, all stakeholders reported the need for a nonmedicalised relationship between the patient and GP to lower prescribing rates. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION The Flemish Patient Platform, a patient representative organisation, assisted with recruitment by launching a call for participants in their newsletter and volunteered to disseminate the results. The call for recruitment was also published online in social media groups regarding insomnia and via posters in public pharmacies. Patients or public were not involved in designing or conducting the interview study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristien Coteur
- Department of Public Health and Primary CareAcademic Center for General Practice, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Sanne Peters
- Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Health SciencesSchool of Health Sciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Pieter Jansen
- Department of Public Health and Primary CareAcademic Center for General Practice, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Birgitte Schoenmakers
- Department of Public Health and Primary CareAcademic Center for General Practice, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Marc Van Nuland
- Department of Public Health and Primary CareAcademic Center for General Practice, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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Well A, Lamari-Fisher A, Taylor K, Ulack C, Lee R, Affolter JT, Colucci J, Van Diest H, Carberry K, Johnson G, Fraser CD, Mery CM. Experiences and insights from partners of individuals with single-ventricle CHD: a pilot qualitative research study. Cardiol Young 2023; 33:2016-2020. [PMID: 36510796 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951122003882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With advances in care, an increasing number of individuals with single-ventricle CHD are surviving into adulthood. Partners of individuals with chronic illness have unique experiences and challenges. The goal of this pilot qualitative research study was to explore the lived experiences of partners of individuals with single-ventricle CHD. METHODS Partners of patients ≥18 years with single-ventricle CHD were recruited and participated in Experience Group sessions and 1:1 interviews. Experience Group sessions are lightly moderated groups that bring together individuals with similar circumstances to discuss their lived experiences, centreing them as the experts. Formal inductive qualitative coding was performed to identify salient themes. RESULTS Six partners of patients participated. Of these, four were males and four were married; all were partners of someone of the opposite sex. Themes identified included uncertainty about their partners' future health and mortality, becoming a lay CHD specialist, balancing multiple roles, and providing positivity and optimism. Over time, they took on a role as advocates for their partners and as repositories of medical history to help navigate the health system. Despite the uncertainties, participants described championing positivity and optimism for the future. CONCLUSIONS In this first-of-its-kind pilot study, partners of individuals with single-ventricle CHD expressed unique challenges and experiences in their lives. There is a tacit need to design strategies to help partners cope with those challenges. Further larger-scale research is required to better understand the experiences of this unique population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Well
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Value Institute for Health and Care, Dell Medical School and McCombs School of Business at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra Lamari-Fisher
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Kate Taylor
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Ulack
- Value Institute for Health and Care, Dell Medical School and McCombs School of Business at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Rachel Lee
- Value Institute for Health and Care, Dell Medical School and McCombs School of Business at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jeremy T Affolter
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jose Colucci
- Design Institute for Health, Dell Medical School and College of Fine Arts at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Heather Van Diest
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Health Social Work, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen Carberry
- Value Institute for Health and Care, Dell Medical School and McCombs School of Business at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Gregory Johnson
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Charles D Fraser
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Carlos M Mery
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Peeters M, Ottenheijm G, Bienfait P, Eekers D, Gijtenbeek A, Hanse M, Koekkoek J, van Leeuwen L, Tijssen C, Dirven L, Taphoorn M. Glioma patient-reported outcomes: patients and clinicians. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2023; 13:e205-e212. [PMID: 33653735 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2020-002699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Routine assessment of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in oncology has shown to improve the quality of the delivered care and to prolong survival. However, for successful implementation of routine assessment of PROs, more knowledge on their usability in clinical practice is needed. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to cross-sectionally assess the perspective of patients and clinicians on the practicality of routinely measuring PROs in clinical practice for glioma patients. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted evaluating the role of healthcare professionals (HCP) in discussing results of PRO measures (PROMs), and the preferred topics, methods and frequency of PRO assessment. Glioma patients, their proxies and HCPs involved in the treatment of glioma patients from eight centres in the Netherlands were included. RESULTS Twenty-four patients, 16 proxies and 35 HCPs were interviewed. The majority of patients, proxies and HCPs (92%, 81% and 80%, respectively) were willing to discuss PRO results during consultations. Although HCPs prefer that results are discussed with the nurse specialist, only one-third of patients/proxies agreed. Functioning of daily life was considered important in all three groups. Most participants indicated that discussion of PROM results should take place during standard follow-up visits, and completed at home about 1 week in advance. On group level, there was no preference for administration of questionnaires on paper or digitally. Lastly, all centres had staff available to send questionnaires on paper. CONCLUSION This study shows that routine assessment of PROs is desired by patients, proxies and HCP's in neuro-oncological care in Dutch hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe Peeters
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Germaine Ottenheijm
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Bienfait
- Department of Neurology, Gelre Ziekenhuizen Apeldoorn, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle Eekers
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anja Gijtenbeek
- Department of Neurology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique Hanse
- Department of Neurology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Koekkoek
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, Den Haag, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie van Leeuwen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Tijssen
- Department of Neurology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Ziekenhuis, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Dirven
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, Den Haag, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Taphoorn
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, Den Haag, The Netherlands
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Dadich A, Kearns R, Harris-Roxas B, Ni Chroinin D, Boydell K, Ní Shé É, Lim D, Gonski P, Kohler F. What constitutes brilliant aged care? A qualitative study of practices that exceed expectation. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:7425-7441. [PMID: 37314051 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to explore what constitutes brilliant aged care. BACKGROUND Although many aged care services do not offer the care that older people and carers need and want, some perform better. Rather than focus on problems with aged care, this study examined brilliant aged care-practices that exceeded expectation. DESIGN The methodology for this study was informed by grounded theory, underpinned by constructionism to socially construct meaning. METHODS This study invited nominations for a Brilliant Award via a survey, and interviews with the nominees via web conference. After receiving survey responses from 10 nominators, interviews were conducted with 12 nominees. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis and documented according to COREQ guidelines to optimise rigour and transparency. RESULTS According to participants, brilliant aged care involved being relationally attuned to older people, a deep understanding of the older person, recognition of aged care as more than a job, innovative practices and permission to reprioritise. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that, in aged care, brilliance happens. It emphasises the importance of meaningful connections and relationships in aged care, where thoughtful acts acknowledge an older person's value and humanity as well as creativity and innovation. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE For those who manage and deliver aged care, the findings suggest that small practice changes can make a positive difference to older people. Brilliant aged care can involve acts of empathy; enthusiasm for aged care; innovative practices, even those that are small scale; and reprioritising workplace tasks to spend time with older people. For policymakers, this study highlights the need to recognise and raise the profile of the pockets of brilliance within the aged care sector. This might be achieved via awards and other initiatives that serve to celebrate and learn from brilliance in its myriad forms. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION The nominees, who included carers, were invited to participate in workshops with other carers and older people to co-design a model of brilliant aged care, during which workshop participants discussed and critiqued the findings constructed from the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Dadich
- School of Business, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachael Kearns
- Institute for Culture and Society, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ben Harris-Roxas
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Danielle Ni Chroinin
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Éidín Ní Shé
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Lim
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Gonski
- South Eastern Sydney Local Health District & University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Friedbert Kohler
- HammondCare Health, South Western Sydney Local Health District & University of New South Wales, Prairiewood, New South Wales, Australia
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Rana K, Poudel P, Chimoriya R. Qualitative Methodology in Translational Health Research: Current Practices and Future Directions. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2665. [PMID: 37830701 PMCID: PMC10572630 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11192665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Translational health research is an interdisciplinary field aimed at bridging the gap between basic science studies, preventative studies, and clinical practice to improve health-related outcomes. Qualitative research methods provide a unique perspective on the emotional, social, cultural, and contextual factors that influence health and healthcare and thus are recognized as valuable tools for translational health research. This approach can be embedded within a mixed method design which complements the quantitative findings. This methodological paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the fundamental concepts and methodologies used in qualitative research, emphasizing their utilization and significance in translational health research. Several approaches to qualitative research methodology are discussed in this review, including ethnography, phenomenology, grounded theory, case study, and action research. Theoretical frameworks such as the social-ecological model, intersectionality, and participatory action research are also examined to provide a structure for understanding and interpreting complex health issues. This methodological paper also reviews commonly used sampling techniques such as purposive, snowball, convenience, theoretical, and maximum variation sampling, along with data collection methods such as in-depth interviews, focus groups, observation, document analysis, and participatory methods. Moreover, data analysis techniques such as thematic analysis, grounded theory, content analysis, narrative analysis, and reflexive analysis, are discussed in the context of translational health. Overall, this review highlights the challenges and opportunities of using qualitative methods in current practice, while also discussing future directions and providing valuable guidance and insights to researchers interested in conducting qualitative research in translational health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Rana
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Philanthropy Nepal (Paropakari Nepal) Research Collaboration, Auburn, NSW 2144, Australia;
| | - Prakash Poudel
- Office of Research and Education, Canberra Health Services, ACT Government, Garran, ACT 2606, Australia;
| | - Ritesh Chimoriya
- Philanthropy Nepal (Paropakari Nepal) Research Collaboration, Auburn, NSW 2144, Australia;
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Concord Institute of Academic Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia
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Litts JK, Shelly S, Harris KFJ, Whiteside CB, Gillespie AI. Update on Clinical Characteristics of Upper Airway Dyspnea: A Mixed Methods Study. J Voice 2023:S0892-1997(23)00247-3. [PMID: 37673754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Provide a mixed-methods update on clinical presentation of patients with upper airway dyspnea (UAD). STUDY DESIGN Prospective, multicenter, mixed-methods study. METHODS Data were collected from 30 patients presenting to two tertiary ENT clinics with a chief complaint of dyspnea. Exclusionary criteria included abnormal structural laryngeal findings, uncontrolled pulmonary disorders, and medical conditions affecting breathing. Objective data collected included laryngeal exam findings, patient-reported outcome measures and symptom questionnaires, medications, and psychological diagnoses. Patients were categorized into groups based on the chronic or episodic nature of their dyspnea symptoms for comparison. Qualitative data from these groups were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Laryngeal exams revealed the presence of supraglottic constriction at rest was 26.66% and with phonation 83.33%. Ninety-three percent of patients did not show inappropriate vocal fold motion or adduction. Significant correlations were found between Dyspnea Index (DI) scores and other subjective questionnaires including Voice Handicap Index-10 (r = 0.64, P value = 0.001), Eating Assessment Tool-10 (r = 0.50, P value = 0.004), Cough Severity Index (r = 0.47, P value = 0.008), Vocal Cord Dysfunction Questionnaire (r = 0.59, P value = 0.005), and Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (r = 0.41, P value = 0.021). However, no significant correlation was found between the State-Trait Anxiety Index and DI (r = 0.27, P value = 0.1353). Qualitative analyses identified similar, but non-identical themes for both chronic and episodic dyspnea. CONCLUSIONS Patients with symptoms of UAD also report other abnormal head and neck and global body symptoms. Most patients with complaints of UAD in this study did not have abnormal vocal fold movements on laryngoscopy. There were differences in qualitative analyses between the chronic and episodic dyspnea groups, but no differences in state or trait anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana K Litts
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Aurora, CO.
| | - Sandeep Shelly
- Emory University Department of Otolaryngology, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kaila F J Harris
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Department of Otolaryngology, Boston, MA
| | - Catherine B Whiteside
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Aurora, CO
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De Proost L, de Boer A, Reiss IKM, Steegers EAP, Verhagen AAE, Hogeveen M, Geurtzen R, Verweij EJJ. Adults born prematurely prefer a periviability guideline that considers multiple prognostic factors beyond gestational age. Acta Paediatr 2023; 112:1926-1935. [PMID: 37272253 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to explore the perspectives of adults born prematurely on guidelines for management at extreme premature birth and personalisation at the limit of viability. METHODS We conducted four 2-h online focus group interviews in the Netherlands. RESULTS Twenty-three participants born prematurely were included in this study, ranging in age from 19 to 56 years and representing a variety of health outcomes. Participants shared their perspectives on different types of guidelines for managing extremely premature birth. They agreed that a guideline was necessary to prevent arbitrary treatment decisions and to avoid physician bias. All participants favoured a guideline that is based upon multiple prognostic factors beyond gestational age. They emphasised the importance of discretion, regardless of the type of guideline used. Discussions centred mainly on the heterogeneity of value judgements about outcomes after extreme premature birth. Participants defined personalisation as 'not just looking at numbers and statistics'. They associated personalisation mainly with information provision and decision-making. Participants stressed the importance of involving families in decision-making and taking their care needs seriously. CONCLUSION Adults born prematurely prefer a periviability guideline that considers multiple prognostic factors and allows for discretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- L De Proost
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neonatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics, Leids University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A de Boer
- Department of Obstetrics, Leids University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Neonatology, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud UMC, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I K M Reiss
- Department of Neonatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E A P Steegers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A A E Verhagen
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Hogeveen
- Department of Neonatology, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud UMC, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R Geurtzen
- Department of Neonatology, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud UMC, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - E J Joanne Verweij
- Department of Obstetrics, Leids University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ricci L, Buzzi M, Kivits J, Rat AC. Patient Satisfaction and Perspectives on Self-Management Education Programs: A Qualitative Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:2175-2186. [PMID: 37675388 PMCID: PMC10478927 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s414126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose According to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, "Self-management education (SME) refers to programs that help people who have ongoing health conditions learn how to live life to the fullest". Most studies to date have focused on SME outcomes, such as the acquisition of predefined knowledge or skills or quality of life. However, no study has yet investigated patients' satisfaction with SMEs. The aim of the present study was therefore to explore participants' subjective appreciation of SME programs using qualitative methods and formulate propositions based on patients' preferences to improve ultimately clinical outcomes. Patients and Methods Twenty-five participants from five French SME programs to conduct focus groups were recruited. An inductive approach using grounded theory as an overall methodology orientation for the thematic analysis process has been followed. The study was reported in compliance with the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research criteria (COREQ). Results Patients expressed great satisfaction concerning the effective delivery of SME sessions. They appreciated the considerations for their concerns and needs, the adaptation of sessions' content to their interests and questions, and learning to take care of themselves. Moreover, patients had a positive opinion on the quality of their relationship with health care providers. However, the major point of improvement of SMEs was the opportunity to repeat the program if needed, as this opportunity was not offered. This consideration was particularly salient when patients did not consider themselves autonomous for disease management at the end of the program, ie, when they had low levels of perceived self-efficacy. Conclusion While patients expressed great satisfaction regarding SME programs, our results suggest that some changes might be needed to make the endpoint of SME interventions coincide with the patient's perception of self-efficacy in disease self-management and ultimately improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Ricci
- CIC, Epidémiologie Clinique, CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F-54000, France
- APEMAC, équipe MICS, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Marie Buzzi
- CIC, Epidémiologie Clinique, CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F-54000, France
- APEMAC, équipe MICS, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Joelle Kivits
- APEMAC, équipe MICS, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Anne-Christine Rat
- APEMAC, équipe MICS, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F-54000, France
- UMR-S 1075-Mobilités: Vieillissement, Pathologie, Santé COMETE, Caen Normandie University, Caen, France
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Nuzhath T, Spiegelman A, Scobee J, Goidel K, Washburn D, Callaghan T. Primary care physicians' strategies for addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Soc Sci Med 2023; 333:116150. [PMID: 37595423 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the strategies that primary care physicians use to address patient COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. METHOD We administered an online survey to 625 primary care physicians from May 14 to May 25, 2021, to assess the messages that primary care physicians use to encourage hesitant patients to get vaccinated against COVID-19.589 physicians from the total pool of 625 provided open-ended responses. We conducted thematic content analysis on the responses based on previous research and themes identified within the data. SETTING The survey was administered online using the survey research firm Dynata. RESULTS Eleven primary themes emerged from our analysis, which included, physicians addressing specific concerns about vaccine safety (including costs versus benefits), physicians helping patients understand what it means to remain unvaccinated, or whether physicians try to connect emotionally through the use of guilt, or personal experience, whether physicians use derisive language to communicate with unvaccinated patients. In addition, a small number of physicians indicated they would not attempt to persuade someone who is vaccine hesitant. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that while some of the physicians used different strategies to address vaccine hesitancy, some of the physicians used harsh language or did not make any effort to reduce COVID-19 related vaccine hesitancy among their patients. Focused advocacy and training are needed to increase physician engagement in vaccine-related dialogues with their patients. Such efforts will ensure that critical opportunities for patient education and awareness-building are not missed and ensure high levels of vaccination uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasmiah Nuzhath
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University. 212 Adriance Lab Rd. 1266 TAMU, College Station, TX, USA.
| | | | - Julia Scobee
- Department of Health Law, Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Boston University, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kirby Goidel
- Department of Political Science, Texas A&M University, 2935, Research Pkwy, College Station, TX, USA
| | - David Washburn
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Timothy Callaghan
- Department of Health Law, Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Boston University, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA, USA
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Lai ER, Rukavina NA, Wisco JJ, Zumwalt AC. Comparing the emotional experiences of students in similar dissection- and prosection-based medical gross anatomy courses: A mixed-methods study. ANATOMICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION 2023; 16:926-942. [PMID: 37060250 DOI: 10.1002/ase.2281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The anatomy laboratory can incite strong emotional reactions in students, which can in turn facilitate growth in empathy, care for vulnerable others, and professionalism. Despite this, little is known about the relative emotional impacts of different laboratory modalities. The response to the COVID-19 pandemic created an opportunity to compare the emotional experiences of students in similar courses in which one group of students dissected donors and the other group learned from prosected donors. The courses were otherwise the same in content, length, instructional design, and assessment. Students in the dissection-based (Fall 2019) and prosection-based (Fall 2020) courses completed a previously validated survey that used quantitative and qualitative questions to assess their feelings about the donors and the anatomy laboratory experience. Students in both cohorts reported overall appreciation for having had the experience. Negative themes experienced by both groups included feeling anxiety, worries about depersonalizing donors, and physical discomfort in the laboratory. Students in the dissection course reported stronger connections with the donors and the donors' families but also more frequently felt negative feelings such as disgust, anxiety, and feeling alone. Students in the prosection course reported more consistently positive responses but worried about not using the donors to the fullest extent possible. Regardless of pedagogical design, students have complex emotional experiences in the anatomy laboratory and our results indicate that these feelings may be more intense in the context of dissection. Anatomists should foster educational settings that enable students to learn to process complex or challenging emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Lai
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nadia A Rukavina
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan J Wisco
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ann C Zumwalt
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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