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Moore J, Brazile WJ, Brazile M, Zarestky J. Identification of critical industry skills in an industrial hygiene graduate training program. Ann Work Expo Health 2024; 68:427-436. [PMID: 38452265 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Graduates of industrial hygiene training (IH) programs must be able to meet continuously evolving health and safety needs in a wide variety of occupational settings. Therefore, academic IH graduate programs must regularly evaluate their curricula and solicit input from industry professionals to make curricular changes that will better prepare their students for professional roles in industry. The purpose of this study was to identify the training gaps that existed between industry needs and the current curriculum for a United States-accredited IH graduate training program. The research team facilitated two group interviews with the IH program advisory board, collected alumni survey data, and performed a qualitative analysis to identify skills gaps/needs for the IH Program graduates. The research team identified 3 themes from participant interviews and alumni surveys (technical, applied, and essential skills) and selected several skills within each theme that interview participants thought were necessary proficiencies for junior IH professionals. The skills identified in the qualitative interview and survey data can be incorporated into the curriculum to improve the training of IH graduate students. Additionally, by using qualitative analysis, the researchers uncovered essential skills previously unidentified in IH needs assessments, providing valuable information for all IH graduate programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Moore
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, 1681 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681, United States
| | - William J Brazile
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, 1681 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681, United States
| | - Mollie Brazile
- School of Education, Colorado State University, 1588 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1588, United States
| | - Jill Zarestky
- School of Education, Colorado State University, 1588 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1588, United States
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2
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Reblin M, Ward C, Hammond A, Peloquin J, Rabinowitz M, Fung M, Threlkeld K, Nowak S. Understanding barriers and facilitators of appropriate antibiotic use: a qualitative analysis of an online parenting forum. Fam Pract 2024; 41:155-160. [PMID: 37950458 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Antibiotic use and misuse are common in pregnant women and young children. Few studies have assessed real-world discussions of antibiotics in these populations. Using social media posts of pregnant women and parents, our goal was to identify key themes about facilitators and barriers to appropriate antibiotic usage. METHODS A purposive sample of public posts and comments relevant to antibiotic use was collected from the BabyCenter United States social media site. Using a directed content analysis, themes related to facilitators and barriers to appropriate antibiotic use were identified. RESULTS Seven hundred and twenty-six posts and 5227 comments were analysed. Themes centred around individual factors, interpersonal factors, and structural factors. Individual factors included knowledge and beliefs. Though misinformation was present, most parents were aware of appropriate antibiotic usage and perceived antibiotics as safe and effective. Some hesitance around using antibiotics led to recommendations for home remedies or over-the-counter treatments. Interpersonal factors focused on a lack of available offline peer support, the expertise of providers, as well as a potential lack of attention from those providers. Structural factors, including access to care, also impacted parents' antibiotic use and misuse. CONCLUSION Though most parents demonstrated appropriate knowledge about antibiotics and a willingness to follow guidelines, negative experiences with their providers, a lack of support from peers, and structural factors presented as potential barriers to appropriate antibiotic use. Implementing avenues for peer support for parents, allowing more time for providers to address parents' concerns, and improving access to providers could improve appropriate antibiotic use in parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Reblin
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Carter Ward
- Complex Systems & Data Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Alice Hammond
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Jack Peloquin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Morgan Rabinowitz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Mark Fung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Kirsten Threlkeld
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Sarah Nowak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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Sanchez M, Romo L, Rogue S, Fouques D. Intimate Partner Sexual Violence: A Phenomenological Interpretative Analysis Among Female Survivors in France. J Interpers Violence 2024:8862605241246801. [PMID: 38616617 DOI: 10.1177/08862605241246801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Despite its prevalence, intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) remains a concealed and poorly understood form of violence against women. Although it is associated with numerous detrimental effects on mental health, very little is known about the subjective meaning of IPSV for survivors. This study addresses this gap by exploring IPSV from the perspective of female survivors within the context of their relationship with a male partner, using interpretative phenomenological analysis. This study seeks to provide a detailed examination of the personal experience of IPSV and to illuminate its meaning from a personal standpoint. We conducted in-depth interviews with seven IPSV survivors who were recruited after filing a complaint for intimate partner violence (IPV) in France. In total, five superordinate themes were identified: (a) "Setting the stage" describes how the complex dynamics preceding IPSV influence self-representation; (b) "Feeling like I'm nothing" describes the emotional experience of IPSV; (c) "Trying to get it, not getting it" describes how IPSV generates intense cognitive load; (d) "Looking back, developing a theory" describes how IPSV is interpreted retrospectively after breaking up with a violent partner; and (e) "Today: living with it" describes how IPSV affects the present. This study highlights how emotional distress and cognitive uncertainty are present on the way to IPSV, through IPSV, and even after filing charges and separating from the violent partner. Additionally, it shows that survivors attribute IPSV to a sense of individual vulnerability related to romantic love, hope, and traumatic childhood history. This study presents unique findings as it is the first one to explore the lived experience of IPSV among a sample of French IPV survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Sanchez
- Medico-Judicial Unit, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- CLIPSYD Research Unit, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
| | - Lucia Romo
- CLIPSYD Research Unit, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
| | - Sacha Rogue
- Interregional Directorate of Prisons Services of Paris, Fresnes, France
| | - Damien Fouques
- Psychopathology and Change Processes Laboratory, Paris 8 University, Saint-Denis, France
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Valtonen P, Markkanen S, Järventausta K, Tenhunen M, Kalliomäki ML. More than just joy: A qualitative analysis of participant experiences during nitrous oxide sedation. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2024. [PMID: 38594960 DOI: 10.1111/aas.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrous oxide use is shifting from general anesthesia to sedation and pain control. Interest in novel uses of nitrous oxide in psychiatry is also growing. Thus, understanding the consequences of using nitrous oxide remains relevant. Previous quantitative research might not have fully captured the whole spectrum of nitrous oxide, whereas qualitative analysis can provide a more comprehensive description. This qualitative study aims to describe the subjective experiences of nitrous oxide use in healthy volunteers who have no prior history of recreational substance misuse. METHODS Twenty healthy male volunteers inhaled 50% nitrous oxide for 20 min. Females were excluded due to higher incidence of nausea with nitrous oxide. Afterwards, all participants answered an open-ended question about their experiences during sedation. The answers were then analyzed with inductive qualitative content analysis to identify emergent subcategories, categories, and overarching themes. RESULTS We identified two themes: nitrous oxide is mind-altering and produces sensory overload. The mind-altering properties were represented by dreamlike states and heightened emotions. Dreamlike states comprised changes in consciousness and scary, bizarre, or transcendental dreams. Pleasant dreams were not reported. Heightened emotions included euphoria, anxiety, and fear of losing control. Sensory overload consists of distorted perception, bodily sensations, and a heightened sense of surroundings. CONCLUSIONS Experiences under nitrous oxide sedation are extremely variable and not always pleasant. These findings can improve our understanding of the likes/dislikes of patients undergoing nitrous oxide sedation. Further qualitative studies should focus on the experiences of other groups, such as children or women in labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Valtonen
- Department of Anesthesia, Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Saara Markkanen
- Department of Ear and Oral Diseases, Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kaija Järventausta
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mirja Tenhunen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Medical Physics, Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere, Finland
| | - Maija-Liisa Kalliomäki
- Department of Anesthesia, Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere, Finland
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Pistella J, Entilli L, Baiocco R. A Long Parents' Journey After Children's Coming Out: Obstacles, Relationships, Generativity, and Life Balance. J Homosex 2024:1-24. [PMID: 38573799 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2024.2337730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Parents' perspective on their child's coming out (CO) remains an under-researched area, especially the investigation of parents adapting to their role post-CO years. The study qualitatively explored parents' recollections of their children's CO, spanning over 15 years. The study involved 15 parents (9 mothers, 6 fathers) of 4 lesbian daughters (Mage = 20.7; SDage = 7.8) and 11 gay sons (Mage = 23.0; SDage = 6.2). A semi-structured interview was employed to probe parents' responses to their child's CO and the long-term evolution of their CO experiences (M = 20.1; SD = 4.8). A thematic analysis was conducted through the software ATLAS.ti. Four themes were observed: (1) risk and protective factors; (2) effects of CO on relationships; (3) parents' generativity; (4) life balance. Acceptance challenges included a lack of LGBQ+ awareness and difficulties in sharing the disclosure with extended family, particularly grandparents. Parents reported numerous strategies, some involving parental generativity, like LGBQ+ activism. Milestones like marriage and the arrival of grandchildren reinforced parents' protective role as they aged, with the child's LGBQ+ disclosure marking a transformative moment leading to a more authentic relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Entilli
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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El Hussein MT, Jacoby S, Mclarnon M, Favell D, Dosani A. A concurrent mixed-method study exploring the experiences of interprofessional collaboration among Canadian midwives and obstetricians. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38570936 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study explores the experiences of interprofessional collaboration of Canadian midwives and obstetricians from midwives' perspective. DESIGN A concurrent mixed-methods approach that combined a small validation study and qualitative thematic analysis was used to provide evidence of the nature and importance of collaboration between Registered Midwives (RMs) and obstetricians. METHOD Eighteen RMs across Canada completed a demographic survey and the Midwifery-Obstetrician Collaboration (MOC) scale in 2023. The quantitative analyses were conducted to assess the reliability of the Midwifery-Obstetrician Collaboration (MOC) and accumulate preliminary evidence to support its validity. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 participants. After completing the interviews, themes were identified using thematic analysis. RESULTS The primary themes identified were knowledge of midwifery scope affects collaboration, collaboration is necessary for effective patient care, midwife-physician collaboration is impacted by power differentials and hierarchies, and proposed methods to improve physician-midwife collaboration. Although a small sample size did not permit extensive statistical testing, the quantitative results supported the reliability of the MOC scale. In addition, a strong correlation between the MOC and the communication subscale of the Inter-Professional Collaboration (IPC) scale provided evidence of the MOC's concurrent validity as a measure of collaboration between midwives and physicians. CONCLUSION This study provides support for the Midwifery-Obstetrics Collaboration (MOC) Scale as an assessment tool to evaluate collaboration between midwives and OB/GYNs in obstetrics care. While the 18 RMs recruited for this study provided a fulsome analysis for the qualitative portion, a larger study is necessary to provide more extensive quantitative analysis to validate the MOC scale for continued use among RMs and OBs. IMPLICATIONS The implications of this study are to foster strong interprofessional relationships between midwives and OBs and to improve the health outcomes of pregnant women and newborns. REPORTING METHOD The authors adhered to Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Toufic El Hussein
- Faculty of Health, Community & Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Clinical Associate, Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Susan Jacoby
- Faculty of Health, Community & Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew Mclarnon
- Faculty of Health, Community & Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Aliyah Dosani
- Faculty of Health, Community & Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Abstract
Running movements are parametrised using a wide variety of devices. Misleading interpretations can be avoided if the interdependencies and redundancies between biomechanical parameters are taken into account. In this synthetic review, commonly measured running parameters are discussed in relation to each other, culminating in a concise, yet comprehensive description of the full spectrum of running styles. Since the goal of running movements is to transport the body centre of mass (BCoM), and the BCoM trajectory can be derived from spatiotemporal parameters, we anticipate that different running styles are reflected in those spatiotemporal parameters. To this end, this review focuses on spatiotemporal parameters and their relationships with speed, ground reaction force and whole-body kinematics. Based on this evaluation, we submit that the full spectrum of running styles can be described by only two parameters, namely the step frequency and the duty factor (the ratio of stance time and stride time) as assessed at a given speed. These key parameters led to the conceptualisation of a so-called Dual-axis framework. This framework allows categorisation of distinctive running styles (coined 'Stick', 'Bounce', 'Push', 'Hop', and 'Sit') and provides a practical overview to guide future measurement and interpretation of running biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben T van Oeveren
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J de Ruiter
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Beek
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap H van Dieën
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Fu Z, Zhang Y, Jin T, Wang Z, Zhao C, Zhao M. A comprehensive quality evaluation strategy of Shensong Yangxin capsules based on qualitative, fingerprint and quantitative analyses. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5832. [PMID: 38317273 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Shensong Yangxin capsule (SSYXC), an effective Chinese patent medicine, has been recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopeia, mainly for the treatment of coronary heart disease and ventricular premature beat. To further complete the quality evaluation of SSYXC, a comprehensive analysis strategy was established. Firstly, the components of SSYXC were qualitatively analysed using ultra-high- performance liquid chromatography-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. A total of 134 compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. Additionally, the fingerprint of SSYXC was established by HPLC, and the similarity of 10 batches of SSYXC was elucidated by similarity analysis. The result indicated that the consistency of chemical composition is good. Finally, to enhance the quality control of SSYXC, according to the results of the fingerprint analysis, the contents of the seven active components was determined, comprising morroniside, loganin, paeoniflorin, salvianolic acid B, palmatine hydrochloride, berberine hydrochloride and tanshinone IIA. In conclusion, the established method, comprising identification of components, fingerprint analysis and quantification of multicomponents, can be sensitively and comprehensively applied to the quality evaluation of SSYXC, which can provide chemical ingredients bases for quality control and the pharmacodynamic mechanism of SSYXC, which could serve as a benchmark for controlling the quality of other Chinese patent medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tong Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zheyong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Beaussant Y, Tarbi E, Nigam K, Miner S, Sager Z, Sanders JJ, Ljuslin M, Guérin B, Thambi P, Tulsky JA, Agrawal M. Acceptability of psilocybin-assisted group therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder: Qualitative analysis. Cancer 2024; 130:1147-1157. [PMID: 38105653 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study explored the acceptability of psilocybin-assisted group therapy from the perspective of patients with cancer and depression who participated in a clinical trial assessing the safety and efficacy of this novel intervention. METHODS Guided by the conceptual framework of acceptability, the authors conducted semi-structured interviews with participants of the psilocybin trial. Data were analyzed using template and thematic analyses. RESULTS Participants' (n = 28) perspectives on the acceptability of the group and simultaneous sessions was generally positive, both in terms of safety and efficacy: first, the groups contributed to increase participants' sense of safety and preparedness as they were engaging in the therapy; and second, the groups fostered a sense of connection and of belonging, which served to enrich and deepen the meaning of participants' experience, ultimately opening a dimension of self-transcendence and compassion. Other subthemes related to factors influencing the acceptability of the group approach included: 1) the importance of the therapeutic framework, 2) the complementary value of individual sessions, 3) disruptive factors related to the group and/or simultaneous setting, and 4) opportunities and challenges related to group size and how to structure interactions. CONCLUSIONS This study enhances understanding of what promotes acceptability of the psilocybin-assisted therapy group model for the treatment of MDD in cancer patients. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY We conducted exit interviews with participants of a phase 2 trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) conducted in a community cancer center, to assess the acceptability of a novel psilocybin delivery model combining simultaneous individual therapy and group sessions. Our findings support the acceptability of this intervention and suggest that in addition to being feasible, it might also enhance participants' perceived safety and efficacy compared to uniquely individual or group delivery models of PAT. Our analysis highlights critical factors conditioning acceptability and suggests new ways PAT may be scaled and integrated into cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Beaussant
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elise Tarbi
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nursing, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Kabir Nigam
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Skye Miner
- Department of Medical Humanities and Bioethics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Zachary Sager
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Justin J Sanders
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Ljuslin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Palliative Medicine Division, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Guérin
- Department of Philosophy, University of Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Paul Thambi
- Sunstone Therapies, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - James A Tulsky
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Naser-Tavakolian A, Gale R, Luu M, Masterson JM, Venkataramana A, Khodyakov D, Anger JT, Posadas E, Sandler H, Freedland SJ, Spiegel B, Daskivich TJ. Use of Persuasive Language in Communication of Risk during Prostate Cancer Treatment Consultations. Med Decis Making 2024; 44:320-334. [PMID: 38347686 DOI: 10.1177/0272989x241228612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physician treatment preference may influence how risks are communicated in prostate cancer consultations. We identified persuasive language used when describing cancer prognosis, life expectancy, and side effects in relation to a physician's recommendation for aggressive (surgery/radiation) or nonaggressive (active surveillance/watchful waiting) treatment. METHODS A qualitative analysis was performed on transcribed treatment consultations of 40 men with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer across 10 multidisciplinary providers. Quotes pertaining to cancer prognosis, life expectancy, and side effects were randomized. Coders predicted physician treatment recommendations from isolated blinded quotes. Testing characteristics of consensus predictions against the physician's treatment recommendation were reported. Coders then identified persuasive strategies favoring aggressive/nonaggressive treatment for each quote. Frequencies of persuasive strategies favoring aggressive/nonaggressive treatment were reported. Logistic regression quantified associations between persuasive strategies and physician treatment recommendations. RESULTS A total of 496 quotes about cancer prognosis (n = 127), life expectancy (n = 51), and side effects (n = 318) were identified. The accuracy of predicting treatment recommendation based on individual quotes containing persuasive language (n = 256/496, 52%) was 91%. When favoring aggressive treatment, persuasive language downplayed side effect risks and amplified cancer risk (recurrence, progression, or mortality). Significant predictors (P < 0.05) of aggressive treatment recommendation included favorable side effect interpretation, downplaying side effects, and long time horizon for cancer risk due to longevity. When favoring nonaggressive treatment, persuasive language amplified side effect risks and downplayed cancer risk. Significant predictors of nonaggressive treatment recommendation included unfavorable side effect interpretation, favorable interpretation of cancer risk, and short time horizon for cancer risk due to longevity. CONCLUSIONS Physicians use persuasive language favoring their preferred treatment, regardless of whether their recommendation is appropriate. IMPLICATIONS Clinicians should quantify risk so patients can judge potential harm without solely relying on persuasive language. HIGHLIGHTS Physicians use persuasive language favoring their treatment recommendation when communicating risks of prostate cancer treatment, which may influence a patient's treatment choice.Coders predicted physician treatment recommendations based on isolated, randomized quotes about cancer prognosis, life expectancy, and side effects with 91% accuracy.Qualitative analysis revealed that when favoring nonaggressive treatment, physicians used persuasive language that amplified side effect risks and downplayed cancer risk. When favoring aggressive treatment, physicians did the opposite.Providers should be cognizant of using persuasive strategies and aim to provide quantified assessments of risk that are jointly interpreted with the patient so that patients can make evidence-based conclusions regarding risks without solely relying on persuasive language.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Gale
- Cedars-Sinai Center for Outcomes Research and Education (CS-CORE), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Luu
- Department of Biostatistics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John M Masterson
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Jennifer T Anger
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Edwin Posadas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Howard Sandler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Section of Urology, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brennan Spiegel
- Cedars-Sinai Center for Outcomes Research and Education (CS-CORE), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Health Services Research, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy J Daskivich
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Center for Outcomes Research and Education (CS-CORE), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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11
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Gil-Mateu E, Reverté-Villarroya S, Albacar-Riobóo N, Barceló-Prats J. Experiences for Geriatric Care from Nursing Students' Knowledge: A Qualitative Approach. Nurs Rep 2024; 14:733-743. [PMID: 38651468 PMCID: PMC11036207 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep14020056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Studies have shown that clinical experience has an impact on how students perceive geriatric care. The vulnerability of older people particularly allows students to reflect on and evaluate their learning. In this context, communication between tutors and students is important to guiding a contextualized view of the complexity of clinical situations. The principal objective was to explore the feelings, perceptions, and experiences of nursing students in geriatric care units during their practices. (2) Methods: This is a qualitative study using content analysis where the data collected were analyzed deductively. An intentional sample of 81 nursing degree students enrolled in the subject of clinical practices. During these sessions, a dynamic discussion forum was incorporated. (3) Results: There were 6 forums with a total of 591 participants, with an average of 98.5 per forum. Four categories emerged: humanization, geriatric nurse, aging, and learning. (4) Conclusions: A change of management oriented to the person-centered model would improve the quality in the residences and as well as in the expectations of the students towards geriatric nursing. Changing perspectives could be a way to confront and become aware of the fallacies of care that have been evidenced. This study was not registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Gil-Mateu
- Nursing Department, Campus Terres de l’Ebre, Universitat Rovira Virgili, Avenue Remolins, 13-15, 43500 Tarragona, Spain; (E.G.-M.); (N.A.-R.)
- Advanced Nursing Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43002 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Silvia Reverté-Villarroya
- Nursing Department, Campus Terres de l’Ebre, Universitat Rovira Virgili, Avenue Remolins, 13-15, 43500 Tarragona, Spain; (E.G.-M.); (N.A.-R.)
- Advanced Nursing Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43002 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Núria Albacar-Riobóo
- Nursing Department, Campus Terres de l’Ebre, Universitat Rovira Virgili, Avenue Remolins, 13-15, 43500 Tarragona, Spain; (E.G.-M.); (N.A.-R.)
- Advanced Nursing Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43002 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Josep Barceló-Prats
- Advanced Nursing Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43002 Tarragona, Spain;
- Nursing Department, Campus Catalunya, Universitat Rovira Virgili, Avenue Catalunya, 35, 43002 Tarragona, Spain
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Comin JJ, Bourscheid CA, Giumbelli LD, Souza Teixeira M, Couto RDR, Lovato PE, Brunetto G, Vezzani FM, Lourenzi CR, Loss A. Qualitative soil quality assessment is efficient in a grazing system with or without trees. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:1962-1970. [PMID: 37897155 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil quality (SQ) assessment is affected by methods that convert data sets into indices, and such analyses are expensive and time-consuming. Qualitative SQ assessments are faster and cheaper than quantitative methods and they can be repeated to monitor SQ in crop and pasture systems. We evaluated SQ using qualitative and quantitative SQ indicators of two grazing systems under Voisin rational grazing (VRG) with trees (WT) or without trees (NT). We took an adjacent native forest as a reference and we used principal component analysis (PCA) to compare the accuracy of the assessment methods. RESULTS According to the set of indicators used for quantitative assessment, the WT system and the Forest had higher SQ than other systems as a result of higher values of soil physical and chemical indicators. This the reflected better performance of soil in functions related to structural support, nutrient cycling and biological productivity. According to the set of indicators used for qualitative assessment, the WT system showed better SQ than the NT areas because of the higher scores of all indicators and better performance of the soil functions, and those values were close to the Forest in the indicators. PCA applied to integrate the data of qualitative and quantitative indicators indicated that SQ in WT was similar to Forest. CONCLUSION The qualitative evaluation was as efficient as the quantitative evaluation for SQ assessment in VRG areas with and without trees. Its use can promote farmers' autonomy and the development of skills to identify environmental factors that help to evaluate their practices. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jucinei José Comin
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Rodovia Admar Gonzaga, Florianópolis, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Rafael da Rosa Couto
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Catarinense, Rio do Sul, Brasil
| | - Paulo Emílio Lovato
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Rodovia Admar Gonzaga, Florianópolis, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Brunetto
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | | | | | - Arcângelo Loss
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Rodovia Admar Gonzaga, Florianópolis, Brasil
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13
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Wright WJA, Howdle C, Coulson NS, De Simoni A. Exploring the Types of Social Support Exchanged by Survivors of Pediatric Stroke and Their Families in an Online Peer Support Community: Qualitative Thematic Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e49440. [PMID: 38488858 PMCID: PMC10980984 DOI: 10.2196/49440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric stroke is relatively rare and underresearched, and there is little awareness of its occurrence in wider society. There is a paucity of literature on the effectiveness of interventions to improve rehabilitation and the services available to survivors. Access to online health communities through the internet may be a means of support for patients with pediatric stroke and their families during recovery; however, little research has been done in this area. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify the types of social support provided by an online peer support group to survivors of pediatric stroke and their families. METHODS This was a qualitative thematic analysis of posts from a pediatric stroke population on a UK online stroke community active between 2004 and 2011. The population was split into 2 groups based on whether stroke survivors were aged ≤18 years or aged >18 years at the time of posting. The posts were read by 2 authors who used the adapted Social Support Behavior Code to analyze the types of social support exchanged. RESULTS A total of 52 participants who experienced a pediatric stroke were identified, who posted a total of 425 messages to the community. About 41 survivors were aged ≤18 years at the time of posting and were written about by others (31/35 were mothers), while 11 were aged >18 years and were writing about themselves. Survivors and their families joined together in discussion threads. Support was offered and received by all participants, regardless of age. Of all 425 posts, 193 (45.4%) contained at least 1 instance of social support. All 5 types of social support were identified: informational, emotional, network, esteem support, and tangible aid. Informational and emotional support were most commonly exchanged. Emotional support was offered more often than informational support among participants aged ≤18 years at the time of posting; this finding was reversed in the group aged >18 years. Network support and esteem support were less commonly exchanged. Notably, the access subcategory of network support was not exchanged with the community. Tangible aid was the least commonly offered type of support. The exchanged social support provided insight into rehabilitation interventions and the unmet needs of pediatric stroke survivors. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence of engagement of childhood stroke survivors and their families in an online stroke community, with peer support being exchanged between both long- and short-term survivors of pediatric stroke. Engagement of long-term survivors of pediatric stroke through the online community was key, as they were able to offer informational support from lived experience. Further interventional research is needed to assess health and rehabilitation outcomes from engagement with online support groups. Research is also needed to ensure safe, nurturing online communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J A Wright
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Howdle
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Neil S Coulson
- Medical School, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anna De Simoni
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centre for Primary Care, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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14
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Hibi A, Cusimano MD, Bilbily A, Krishnan RG, Tyrrell PN. Impact of Automated Prognostication on Traumatic Brain Injury Care: A Focus Group Study. Can J Neurol Sci 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38438281 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2024.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognosticating outcomes for traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients is challenging due to the required specialized skills and variability among clinicians. Recent attempts to standardize TBI prognosis have leveraged machine learning (ML) methodologies. This study evaluates the necessity and influence of ML-assisted TBI prognostication through healthcare professionals' perspectives via focus group discussions. METHODS Two virtual focus groups included ten key TBI care stakeholders (one neurosurgeon, two emergency clinicians, one internist, two radiologists, one registered nurse, two researchers in ML and healthcare and one patient representative). They answered six open-ended questions about their perceptions and potential ML use in TBI prognostication. Transcribed focus group discussions were thematically analyzed using qualitative data analysis software. RESULTS The study captured diverse perceptions and interests in TBI prognostication across clinical specialties. Notably, certain clinicians who currently do not prognosticate expressed an interest in doing so independently provided they had access to ML support. Concerns included ML's accuracy and the need for proficient ML researchers in clinical settings. The consensus suggested using ML as a secondary consultation tool and promoting collaboration with internal or external research resources. Participants believed ML prognostication could enhance disposition planning and standardize care regardless of clinician expertise or injury severity. There was no evidence of perceived bias or interference during the discussions. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed an overall positive attitude toward ML-based prognostication. Despite raising multiple concerns, the focus group discussions were particularly valuable in underscoring the potential of ML in democratizing and standardizing TBI prognosis practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiro Hibi
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael D Cusimano
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alexander Bilbily
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rahul G Krishnan
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pascal N Tyrrell
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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15
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Dürsch H, Boltenhagen U, Mahler C, Joos S, Szecsenyi J, Klafke N. A Qualitative Analysis of Cancer Patients' Perceptions of an Interprofessional Counseling Service on Complementary and Integrative Healthcare. Qual Health Res 2024:10497323241231530. [PMID: 38441438 DOI: 10.1177/10497323241231530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Medical guidelines recommend actively addressing patients' information needs regarding complementary and integrative healthcare (CIH). Within the CCC-Integrativ study, an interprofessional counseling program on CIH was developed and implemented at four comprehensive cancer centers (CCCs) in Germany. As part of the process evaluation, this study examines cancer patients' experiences with interprofessional CIH counseling sessions conducted by a physician and a nurse. Forty problem-centered interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using deductive-inductive content analysis based on Kuckartz and Rädiker's approach. Findings revealed that most participants had prior experience with CIH approaches and were burdened by physiological and psychological symptoms. Counseling sessions focused on cancer- and treatment-related symptoms and appropriate CIH recommendations (e.g., herbal poultice against anxieties and acupressure against nausea). Participants appreciated the mutual exchange and integration of perspectives from different healthcare professions within the interprofessional approach. They noted that the counseling team comprehensively addressed their healthcare and CIH information needs. Suggestions for improvement included the specificity of the CIH recommendations. As the participants only received counseling and no CIH treatments, information about reputable CIH providers was particularly important to many seeking advice. Patients with cancer receiving tailored CIH counseling from two healthcare professionals experienced benefits in CIH counseling for symptom management. The interprofessional teams offered a comprehensive perspective on patients' needs, proposing personalized recommendations for symptom control. These insights may foster collaboration between healthcare professionals interested in CIH counseling, enabling them to expand and consolidate their counseling services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Dürsch
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ursula Boltenhagen
- Department of Nursing Science, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Mahler
- Department of Nursing Science, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Joos
- Institute of General Practice and Interprofessional Care, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Szecsenyi
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadja Klafke
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Hart WM, Cobb B, Quist-Nelson J, Tully KP. Development and implementation of a pregnancy heart team at a Southeastern United States tertiary hospital: a qualitative study. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2024; 6:101336. [PMID: 38453018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2024.101336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United States has seen a significant rise in maternal mortality and morbidity associated with cardiovascular disease over the past 4 decades. Contributing factors may include an increasing number of parturients with comorbid conditions, a higher rate of pregnancy among women of advanced maternal age, and more patients with congenital heart disease who survive into childbearing age and experiencing pregnancy. In response, national medical organizations have recommended the creation of multidisciplinary obstetric-cardiac teams, also known as pregnancy heart teams, to provide comprehensive preconception counseling and coordinated pregnancy management that extend through the postpartum period. OBJECTIVE We sought to describe the development and implementation of a pregnancy heart team for parturients with cardiac disease at a southeastern United States tertiary hospital. STUDY DESIGN This was a qualitative study that was conducted among healthcare team members involved during the pregnancy heart team formation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between April and May 2022, professionally transcribed, and the responses were thematically coded for categories and themes using constructs from The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. RESULTS Themes identified included intentional collaboration to improve outpatient and inpatient coordination through earlier awareness of patients who meet the criteria and via documented care planning. The pregnancy heart team united clinicians around best practices and coordination to promote the success and safety of pregnancies and not only to minimize maternal health risks. Developing longitudinal care plans was critical among the pathway team to build on collective expertise and to provide clarity for those on shift to reduce hesitancy and achieve timely, vetted practices without additional consults. Establishing a proactive approach of specialists offering their perspectives was viewed as positively contributing to a culture of speaking up. Barriers to the successful development and sustainability of the pregnancy heart team included unmet administrative needs and clinician turnover within a context of shortages in staffing and high workload. CONCLUSION This study described the process of developing and implementing a pregnancy heart team at 1 institution, thereby offering insights for future multidisciplinary care for maternal cardiac patients. Establishing pregnancy heart teams can enhance quality care for high-risk patients, foster learning and collaboration among physician and nursing specialties, and improve coordination to manage complex maternal cardiac cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Michael Hart
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (Drs Hart and Cobb).
| | - Ben Cobb
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (Drs Hart and Cobb)
| | - Johanna Quist-Nelson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (Drs Quist-Nelson and Tully)
| | - Kristin P Tully
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (Drs Quist-Nelson and Tully)
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Jeyachandran V, Ranjelin SPD, Kumar A. Sexual health and safety of adolescents with intellectual disability: Challenges and concerns among special educators in India. J Intellect Disabil 2024; 28:104-117. [PMID: 36301014 DOI: 10.1177/17446295221136224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sexual health education among adolescents with intellectual disabilities is an area of concern among parents and educators. Special educators play a vital role in teaching sexual health and safety to their students with disabilities. The present study explores special educators' concerns in teaching sexual health among adolescents with intellectual disabilities. The participants included 35 special educators working with adolescents with intellectual disabilities in India. Summative content analysis of the data collected using a semi-structured interview schedule highlights the neglect of the issues related to sexual health among adolescents with disabilities. Special educators reported the challenges in providing sexual health education. Teachers lacked skills in imparting sexual health education. Developmentally and culturally appropriate sexual health education can help adolescents with a disability learn healthy life skills. The paper emphasizes the need for professional support and training among special educators on sexual health education.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aneesh Kumar
- Department of Psychology, Christ University, India
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18
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Huang X, Fei Q, Yu S, Qiu R, Geng T, Chen X, Cao L, Wang Z, Shan M. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based strategy for systematic profiling of chemical components and associated quantitative analysis of quality markers in Qi-Wei-Tong-Bi oral liquid. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300922. [PMID: 38471974 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Qi-Wei-Tong-Bi oral liquid (QWTB), a famous Chinese medicine preparation composed of seven crude drugs has a good therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis and is widely used in China. However, its chemical composition and quality control have not been comprehensively and systematically investigated. In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was employed for its chemical profiling. As a result, 100 components were chemically characterized. Additionally, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry method was developed to simultaneously quantify nine bioactive components (hyperoside, ononin, quercetin, sinomenine, magnoflorine, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, monotropein, and cyclo-(Pro-Tyr)) in multiple-reaction monitoring mode. After successful validation in terms of linearity, precision, repeatability, and recovery, the assay method was applied for the determination of 10 batches of QWTB. The results showed that QWTB was enriched in sinomenine and magnoflorine with the highest amount up to hundreds or even thousands of µg/mL, while quercetin, ononin, cyclo-(Pro-Tyr), and hyperoside were much lower with the lowest content below 10 µg/mL. This study work would help to reveal the chemical profiling and provide a valuable and reliable approach for quality evaluation and even pharmacodynamic material basis studies of QWTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Huang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Fei
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Rongli Qiu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Ting Geng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Xialin Chen
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, P. R. China
| | - Liang Cao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, P. R. China
| | - Mingqiu Shan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
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Karia CT, Anderson E, Burgess A, Carr S. Peer teacher training develops "lifelong skills". Med Teach 2024; 46:373-379. [PMID: 37783200 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2023.2256463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peer teaching is a valuable approach whereby students engage in reciprocal teaching and learning. However, there is limited literature on preparing students for this role, known as Peer Teacher Training (PTT), and exploring its long-term impact. This study investigates the impact of a previously implemented PTT programme on participants' application to clinical practice and their preparation for a future educator role. METHODS A convergent mixed methods approach was used involving questionnaires and semi-structured interviews after a mean time interval of seventeen months post-course. All participants who had previously undertaken the programme (n = 20), were invited to join. RESULTS Fifteen respondents completed the questionnaire, with twelve participating in one-to-one interviews. Participants demonstrated sustained improvements in perceived understanding and application of educational principles with greater confidence to teach upon entering the workforce. Interviews highlighted enhanced preparation for future educator roles, reflective teaching practices, influence over career choices and a wider benefit of the PTT to patients, peers, and students. DISCUSSION This study demonstrates the long-term benefits of a PTT through sustained improvements in participants' confidence and perceived competence in teaching skills. Future work should focus on integrating PTT into the medical curricula and expansion to include other healthcare professional students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth Anderson
- Interprofessional Education and Patient Safety, Leicester Medical School, Leicester, UK
| | - Annette Burgess
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Sue Carr
- Medical Education and current Deputy Medical, General Medical Council (GMC), Leicester, UK
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20
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Yao CT, Hong H, Li CH. NIMBYism and Strategies for Coping with Managing Protests during the Establishment of Community Mental Health Facilities in Taiwan: Insights from Frontline Healthcare Professionals. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:484. [PMID: 38391859 PMCID: PMC10887859 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Taiwanese community mental health facilities encounter opposition/resistance from residents, commonly known as "Not-In-My-Backyard" (NIMBYism). This study investigated NIMBYism during the establishment of such facilities and how they respond to such resistance. A qualitative study through semi-structured interviews was used to obtain purposively sampled data. Fifteen frontline healthcare professionals from community mental health facilities in Taiwan were interviewed individually, using an organizational analysis structure. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Two themes: "Reasons for Resident Resistance" and "Institutional Response Strategies", two categories, and 11 subcategories emerged. The findings demonstrated the following: (1) Reasons behind residents' resistance toward establishing community mental health facilities are diverse. (2) Communities lack understanding regarding people with mental disorders, leading to irrational beliefs. (3) Fear and negative perceptions toward people with mental disorders exist. (4) Strategies employed by the facilities include providing community services to foster amicable relationships, organizing community outreaches, training people with mental disorders within communities, nurturing neighborhood connections, establishing and sustaining friendships within communities, inviting residents to visit community mental health facilities or introducing the facilities to communities, and leveraging governmental support. The government should adopt regulations or laws to reduce discrimination, promote human rights, and legislate to demarcate the use of community land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Teng Yao
- Master Program of Long-Term Care in Aging, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hong Hong
- Bachelor Program of Senior Health Promotion and Care Management for Indigenous People, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50007, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsun Li
- Integrated Center of Healthy and Long-Term Care, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Zandpour M, Lind M, Sharp C, Hasani J, Bagheri Sheykhangafshe F, Borelli JL. Attachment-Based Mentalization Profiles of Iranian Children: A Mixed-Method Approach. Children (Basel) 2024; 11:258. [PMID: 38397370 PMCID: PMC10888099 DOI: 10.3390/children11020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Mentalization, operationalized as reflective functioning (RF), is the ability to understand one's own and another's mental world implicitly or explicitly. RF is a newly discovered research field in Iran and is largely under-studied in Eastern cultures in general, underscoring the high need for cross-cultural studies in this field of research. A qualitative method was used to examine the ability to understand, process, and respond to high-arousal attachment situations in typical and clinical populations of Iranian children recruited from a Tehran primary school. A well-known semi-structured interview commonly used to assess RF in children was used to collect data. Required information on internalizing and externalizing symptoms, demographic information, and all formal diagnoses of children were collected by parents. The results indicated the identification of four different profiles of RF in children, one of which was adaptive, while the other three were maladaptive. Also, the results showed that typically developing children and those having a high social and economic status (SES) were characterized as having a more adaptive profile of RF, while children from the clinical population and those with a low SES reported a more maladaptive profile (passive mentalizing, helpless mentalizing, narcissistic mentalizing) of RF. The present study is an important step in increasing our understanding of the development of mentalization in children and has significant educational and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Zandpour
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran
| | - Majse Lind
- Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77024, USA
| | - Jafar Hasani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran
| | | | - Jessica L Borelli
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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22
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De Smet MM, Acke E, Cornelis S, Truijens F, Notaerts L, Meganck R, Desmet M. Understanding "patient deterioration" in psychotherapy from depressed patients' perspectives: A mixed methods multiple case study. Psychother Res 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38319980 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2024.2309286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study scrutinizes the meaning of deterioration in psychotherapy beyond the widely used statistical definition of reliable symptom increase pre-to-post treatment. METHOD An explanatory sequential mixed-methods multiple case study was conducted, combining quantitative pre-post outcome evaluation of self-reported depression symptoms and qualitative analysis of patients' interviews. In a Randomized Controlled Study on the treatment of Major Depression, three patients showing reliable increase in symptom severity on the BDI-II pre-to-post therapy were selected. An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was performed on individual interviews conducted pre-, peri- and post-treatment. RESULTS Cross-case outcome experiences were: (1) uncontrollable complaints; (2) remaining questions and uninternalized insights and (3) persisting interpersonal difficulties. Within-case idiosyncratic differences revealed that the statistical classification of "deterioration" not necessarily corresponds to a "deteriorated experience," nor univocally indicates unwanted therapy effects. Our findings point at the influences of the patient's (lack of) agency in the process, a discrepancy between patients' expectations and the therapy offer, the therapeutic relationship, interpersonal difficulties, and contextual influences. CONCLUSION The meaning of symptomatic deterioration should be interpreted within a patient's idiosyncratic context. The multi-faceted nature of deterioration requires further research to rely on multiple perspectives and mixed methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Miléna De Smet
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Clinical Consulting, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, FWO, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emma Acke
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Clinical Consulting, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shana Cornelis
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Clinical Consulting, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Femke Truijens
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Clinical Consulting, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liza Notaerts
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Clinical Consulting, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Reitske Meganck
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Clinical Consulting, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mattias Desmet
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Clinical Consulting, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Sarfraz M, Alam F, Din KM, Malik S, Quddoos A. Pharmacognostic characterization of Dicleptera chinensis by scanning electron microscopy, light microscopy, and analytical techniques. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:279-290. [PMID: 37775982 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Dicleptera chinensis J. (Acanthaceae) has been employed in traditional medicinal systems for treating various ailments. It has been used as an anti-inflammatory, wound healing, diuretic, and detoxifying agent in different regions of the world. This study determines several pharmacognostic standards, which are useful to ensure safety, efficacy, and purity of D. chinensis. Different parts of the plant were examined through a scanning electron microscope and light microscope, and cross-section images revealed several useful botanical features of the plant. The color, size, odor, shape, and surface characteristics of plant parts were also examined macroscopically. Pharmacognostic standardization parameters including ash values, loss on drying, swelling index, hemolytic index, and foaming index were determined in accordance with WHO guidelines. Heavy metal analysis was executed through atomic absorption spectrophotometer which depicted the presence of heavy metals and trace elements within the acceptable range. Qualitative phytochemical tests for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, tannins, carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and so forth of plant extract were also performed, which showed the valuable amount of these phytochemicals useful for medicinal purposes. Preliminary phytochemical tests provide an indication for major phytoconstituents classes present in the plant. These quantitative and qualitative microscopic features are helpful in establishing the pharmacopeia standards of plant. Assessment of various pharmacognostic features such as morphology of various plant parts explained along with physicochemical and phytochemical analysis could be very helpful for future research. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Pharmacognostic standardization is employed as reported evidence for correct identification of D. chinensis. Structures identified by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy serve as diagnostic features of plant. Important secondary metabolites present in the plant suggest the need for further exploration through advanced metabolomics and other analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Sarfraz
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Fiaz Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Kinza Muhammad Din
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Malik
- Department of Education, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Atifa Quddoos
- Department of Chemical and Life Sciences, Qurtaba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Glackin A, Marino JL, Peate M, McNeil R, Orme LM, McCarthy MC, Sawyer SM. Experiences of Oncofertility Decision-Making and Care in a National Sample of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Patients and Parents. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2024; 13:170-179. [PMID: 37535814 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2023.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Cancer and its treatments are known to compromise fertility in adolescents and young adults (AYAs). The emotional burden of possible infertility is reduced in those who receive supportive oncofertility care. In legal minors, provision of health care must consider the legal context and desire that AYAs have for autonomous decision-making, together with their competence to make health decisions. This has important implications for how oncofertility discussions may, or may not, involve parents. The aim of this study was to explore oncofertility decision-making and care experiences in a national Australian sample of AYA cancer patients and their parents. Methods: AYAs aged 15-25 years and parents were recruited from 17 cancer care sites and CanTeen Australia as part of a national AYA cancer care study. The cross-sectional survey included open-ended questions regarding oncofertility care experiences. We used reflexive thematic analysis to identify themes. Results: Data were available for 99 AYAs and 111 parents. Four themes were identified: emotional care needs; parent-AYA dynamics including AYA autonomy and agency; decision-making considerations including values and practicalities; and reflections on oncofertility care and follow-up. Both AYAs and parents placed importance on AYA autonomy in fertility decision-making, but many AYAs appreciated the role of parents in providing support and guidance throughout the process. Conclusion: Health care professionals are encouraged to autonomously engage AYAs around fertility decision-making, while concurrently offering opportunities that promote parental support. Better psychological support and follow-up oncofertility care are also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Glackin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Marino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Peate
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn McNeil
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa M Orme
- ONTrac at Peter Mac, Victorian Youth Cancer Service, Peter MacCallum Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria C McCarthy
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan M Sawyer
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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25
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Ruskin D, Szczech K, Tyrrell J, Isaac L. Innovative Program to Prevent Pediatric Chronic Postsurgical Pain: Patient Partner Feedback on Intervention Development. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:360. [PMID: 38338245 PMCID: PMC10855720 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of developing chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) in youth is related to psychological factors, including preoperative anxiety, depression, patient/caregiver pain catastrophizing, and poor self-efficacy in managing pain. While interventions exist to address these factors, they are generally brief and educational in nature. The current paper details patient partner feedback on the development of a psychologist-delivered perioperative psychological program (PPP) designed to identify and target psychological risk factors for CPSP and improve self-efficacy in managing pain. METHODS Qualitative interviews were conducted with two patients and their caregivers to discuss their surgical and pain management experience and to advise on components of the PPP. RESULTS Reflexive thematic analysis of interviews generated the following themes, which were incorporated into the content and implementation of the PPP: caregiver involvement, psychological and physical strategies for pain management, biopsychosocial pain education, intervention structure, and supporting materials. CONCLUSIONS The development of a novel psychologist-led PPP is a promising approach to mitigate mental health risks associated with pediatric CPSP and potentially boost postoperative outcomes and family wellbeing. Integrating patient partner feedback ensures that the PPP is relevant, acceptable, and aligned with the needs and preferences of the patients it is designed to serve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Ruskin
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada;
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; (J.T.); (L.I.)
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Klaudia Szczech
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada;
| | - Jennifer Tyrrell
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; (J.T.); (L.I.)
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8, Canada
| | - Lisa Isaac
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; (J.T.); (L.I.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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Lee SP, Maluotoga M, Thind R, Lindsay L, Bhatta T, Miller CA. Utilization and Perception of Peer-Support After Lower Limb Loss in the United States: Potential Benefits on Mobility Outcomes. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024:S0003-9993(23)00714-1. [PMID: 38242299 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine participants' experiences with peer-support after LLL and the associations between the peer-support experience (perceived benefits and barriers) and mobility outcomes. DESIGN Quantitative and qualitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. SETTING National survey (distributed to 169 peer-support groups in 44 states in the US). PARTICIPANTS The survey was completed by 82 individuals with a major lower limb amputation (53% female, 54% over 55 years of age). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A 32-item survey to examine respondents' experiences in peer-support activities. Prosthetic mobility was measured using the Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M). RESULTS Two out of three respondents received some forms of peer-support after amputation. Among them 75% reported peer-support having a positive impact on their outlook on life, and 78% reported that information gained from peer-support was helpful. Companionship, altruistic acts, and gaining information on how to cope with amputation were the top themes of why respondents enjoyed the peer-support experience. Nearly all (94%) respondents would recommend peer-support to other people with LLL. Individuals who received peer-support exhibited a trend of greater mobility (55th vs. 36th percentile on PLUS-M; p=0.055). CONCLUSION Individuals with LLL reported generally positive experiences regarding their engagement in peer-support activities. Peer-support groups are viewed as a helpful source for both information and emotional support, potentially benefiting functional and psychological recovery after amputation. Individuals who have received peer-support also exhibited greater mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Ping Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
| | - Moriah Maluotoga
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Roopkiran Thind
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Lise Lindsay
- Lively Limbs! Amputee Support Group, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Tirth Bhatta
- Department of Sociology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Stevens ER, Li R, Xiang G, Wisniewski R, Rojas S, O'Connor K, Wilker O, Vojjala M, El-Shahawy O, Sherman SE. Trial Participants' Perceptions of the Impact of Ecological Momentary Assessment on Smoking Behaviors: Qualitative Analysis. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024; 12:e52122. [PMID: 38270520 PMCID: PMC10837109 DOI: 10.2196/52122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is an increasingly used tool for data collection in behavioral research, including smoking cessation studies. As previous addiction research suggests, EMA has the potential to elicit cue reactivity by triggering craving and increasing behavioral awareness. However, there has been limited evaluation of its potential influence on behavior. Objective By examining the perspectives of research participants enrolled in a tobacco treatment intervention trial, this qualitative analysis aims to understand the potential impact that EMA use may have had on smoking behaviors that may not have otherwise been captured through other study measures. Methods We performed a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with participants enrolled in a pilot randomized controlled trial of a tobacco treatment intervention that used SMS text messaging to collect EMA data on smoking behaviors. In the pilot randomized controlled trial, combustible cigarette and e-cigarette use and smoking-related cravings were measured as part of an EMA protocol, in which SMS text messaging served as a smoking diary. SMS text messaging was intended for data collection only and not designed to serve as part of the intervention. After a baseline assessment, participants were asked to record daily nicotine use for 12 weeks by responding to text message prompts that they received 4 times per day. Participants were prompted to share their experiences with the EMA text messaging component of the trial but were not directly asked about the influence of EMA on their behaviors. Transcripts were coded according to the principles of the framework for applied research. The codes were then examined, summarized, and grouped into themes based on the principles of grounded theory. Results Interviews were analyzed for 26 participants. The themes developed from the analysis suggested the potential for EMA, in the form of an SMS text messaging smoking diary, to influence participants' smoking behaviors. The perceived impacts of EMA text messaging on smoking behaviors were polarized; some participants emphasized the positive impacts of text messages on their efforts to reduce smoking, while others stressed the ways that text messaging negatively impacted their smoking reduction efforts. These contrasting experiences were captured by themes reflecting the positive impacts on smoking behaviors, including increased awareness of smoking behaviors and a sense of accountability, and the negative impacts on emotions and smoking behaviors, including provoking a sense of guilt and triggering smoking behaviors. Conclusions The collection of EMA smoking behavior data via SMS text messaging may influence the behaviors and perceptions of participants in tobacco treatment interventions. More research is needed to determine the magnitude of impact and mechanisms, to account for the potential effects of EMA. A broader discussion of the unintended effects introduced by EMA use is warranted among the research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Stevens
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rina Li
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Grace Xiang
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rachel Wisniewski
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sidney Rojas
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Katherine O'Connor
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Olivia Wilker
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mahathi Vojjala
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Omar El-Shahawy
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott E Sherman
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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28
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Xia D, Liu L, Zhao B, Xie D, Lu G, Wang R. Application of Nontarget High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Fingerprints for Qualitative and Quantitative Source Apportionment: A Real Case Study. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:727-738. [PMID: 38100713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) provides extensive chemical data, facilitating the differentiation and quantification of contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs) in aquatic environments. This study utilizes liquid chromatography-HRMS for source apportionment in Chebei Stream, an urban water stream in Guangzhou, South China. Initially, 254 features were identified as potential CECs by the nontarget screening (NTS) method. We then established 1689, 1317, and 15,759 source-specific HRMS fingerprints for three distinct sources, the mainstream (C3), the tributary (T2), and the rain runoff (R1), qualitatively assessing the contribution from each source downstream. Subsequently, 32, 55, and 3142 quantitative fingerprints were isolated for sites C3, T2, and R1, respectively, employing dilution curve screening for source attribution. The final contribution estimates downstream from sites C3, T2, and R1 span 32-96, 12-23, and 8-23%, respectively. Cumulative contributions from these sources accurately mirrored actual conditions, fluctuating between 103 and 114% across C6 to C8 sites. Yet, with further tributary integration, the overall source contribution dipped to 52%. The findings from this research present a pioneering instance of applying HRMS fingerprints for qualitative and quantitative source tracking in real-world scenarios, which empowers the development of more effective strategies for environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xia
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Danping Xie
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Guining Lu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rui Wang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
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29
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Young J, Lloyd A, Haraldsdottir E. A qualitative meta-synthesis of studies of patients' experience of exercise interventions in advanced cancer. Front Rehabil Sci 2024; 4:1298553. [PMID: 38239628 PMCID: PMC10794311 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2023.1298553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Background People with advanced cancer often experience reduced functional capacity and quality of life. Research evaluating the potential benefit of exercise programmes for limiting such decline is accumulating. However, an appraisal of the evidence that considers the patient experience of exercise programmes, what mattered to them and what motivated and encouraged them to engage in exercise, has not been published. The aim of this meta-synthesis was to identify, appraise and bring together evidence from qualitative research in this area. Methods Four databases were searched from 2nd January to 8th January 2023 for relevant studies. Qualitative studies investigating the experience of exercise as an intervention for adults with advanced cancer were included. Major findings and study characteristics were extracted. Findings were summarised, compared, and synthesised using meta-synthesis. Results Eight studies were eligible and generated seven sub themes which informed the construction of three key themes: (1) Impact of Delivery Method; (2) Emerging Motivation; and (3) Physical Impact. Conclusion The analysis revealed that exercise has the potential to positively influence all four dimensions of well-being: physical, psychological, social, and spiritual, for people with advanced cancer. Future research is required to consider the differential impact that the type, volume, and duration of exercise may have on the exercise experience for this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Young
- St Columba’s Hospice Care Education and Research Centre, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Division of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Lloyd
- St Columba’s Hospice Care Education and Research Centre, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Erna Haraldsdottir
- Division of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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30
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Naylor R, Spector A, Fisher E, Fucci F, Bertrand E, Marinho V, Bomilcar I, Coutinho B, Laks J, Mograbi DC. Experiences of cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) in Brazil: a qualitative study of people with dementia and their caregivers. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:238-243. [PMID: 37458268 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2231376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is a lack of investment in psychosocial treatments for people with dementia in Brazil. Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) is a group-based intervention that has shown to have benefits on activities of daily living and mood for people with dementia in Brazil. This study aims to explore the experiences and perceived changes following CST groups. METHODS Individual interviews were conducted with the participants of the group (n = 12) and their caregivers (n = 11). Framework analysis was used to inspect the data. RESULTS Two main themes have emerged: 'Personal benefits of being part of the group', containing two subthemes: 'Benefits for caregivers' and 'Benefits for person with dementia' and 'Day-to-day changes', containing seven subthemes; 'Memory', Sociability', 'Language', 'Mood', 'Orientation', 'Everyday activities' and 'Behavioural and psychological symptoms'. CONCLUSION Results suggest that CST groups led to perceived personal benefits for the people with dementia and caregivers and that there are perceived changes for the participants of the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Naylor
- Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aimee Spector
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emily Fisher
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Fernanda Fucci
- Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Valeska Marinho
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Iris Bomilcar
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna Coutinho
- Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jerson Laks
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Translational Biomedicine Postgraduate Programme, Universidade do Grande Rio (Unigranrio), Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Mograbi
- Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Sarteau AC, Muthukkumar R, Smith C, Busby-Whitehead J, Lich KH, Pratley RE, Thambuluru S, Weinstein J, Weinstock RS, Young LA, Kahkoska AR. Supporting the 'lived expertise' of older adults with type 1 diabetes: An applied focus group analysis to characterize barriers, facilitators, and strategies for self-management in a growing and understudied population. Diabet Med 2024; 41:e15156. [PMID: 37278610 PMCID: PMC11002954 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a growing number of older adults (≥65 years) who live with type 1 diabetes. We qualitatively explored experiences and perspectives regarding type 1 diabetes self-management and treatment decisions among older adults, focusing on adopting care advances such as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). METHODS Among a clinic-based sample of older adults ≥65 years with type 1 diabetes, we conducted a series of literature and expert informed focus groups with structured discussion activities. Groups were transcribed followed by inductive coding, theme identification, and inference verification. Medical records and surveys added clinical information. RESULTS Twenty nine older adults (age 73.4 ± 4.5 years; 86% CGM users) and four caregivers (age 73.3 ± 2.9 years) participated. Participants were 58% female and 82% non-Hispanic White. Analysis revealed themes related to attitudes, behaviours, and experiences, as well as interpersonal and contextual factors that shape self-management and outcomes. These factors and their interactions drive variability in diabetes outcomes and optimal treatment strategies between individuals as well as within individuals over time (i.e. with ageing). Participants proposed strategies to address these factors: regular, holistic needs assessments to match people with effective self-care approaches and adapt them over the lifespan; longitudinal support (e.g., education, tactical help, sharing and validating experiences); tailored education and skills training; and leveraging of caregivers, family, and peers as resources. CONCLUSIONS Our study of what influences self-management decisions and technology adoption among older adults with type 1 diabetes underscores the importance of ongoing assessments to address dynamic age-specific needs, as well as individualized multi-faceted support that integrates peers and caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rashmi Muthukkumar
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
| | - Cambray Smith
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
| | - Jan Busby-Whitehead
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
- UNC Center for Aging and Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
| | - Kristen Hassmiller Lich
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
| | | | - Sirisha Thambuluru
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
| | - Joshua Weinstein
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
| | | | - Laura A. Young
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
| | - Anna R. Kahkoska
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
- UNC Center for Aging and Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
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32
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Xia W, Wang Y, Wu X, Yang X. Current practices and challenges in application of trauma-informed care for accidentally injured patients: An exploratory qualitative study. Nurs Open 2024; 11:e2046. [PMID: 38268294 PMCID: PMC10701293 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.2046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the Chinese nurses' current practices and challenges to trauma-informed care (TIC) for accidentally injured patients, which can provide the way forward of improvement in the future. DESIGN A qualitative study. METHODS Sixteen Chinese nurses who had experience working with accidentally injured patients were invited into the semi-structured interviews. Following each interview, the dialogue was transcribed verbatim. Subsequently, we analysed the data in accordance with the principles of thematic analysis. RESULTS Four common themes emerged from the analysis: (a) Awareness of patients' psychological trauma; (b) Recognition of psychological trauma; (c) Response to psychological trauma; (d) Perceived barriers to implementing TIC. This research indicated an urgent need for interventions in the future, such as TIC education and training, time constraints, heavy workload, emotional exhaustion and mood self-regulation, giving policy incentives, strengthening leadership support and internal cooperation. Identifying those factors of TIC practice among accidentally injured patients helps promote TIC development in hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Xia
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- United Family hospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Division of Medical humanities and Behavioral Sciences, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoning Wu
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaojie Yang
- Department of OrthopedicsJiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Nantong UniversityJiang YinChina
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DiTosto JD, Leziak K, Yee LM, Badreldin N. Individuals' Experiences of Having an Unplanned Cesarean Birth: A Qualitative Analysis. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:106-109. [PMID: 35709737 PMCID: PMC10053819 DOI: 10.1055/a-1877-6138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The experience of an unplanned cesarean birth may be a risk factor for mood disorders and other challenges in the postpartum period, yet qualitative data on the patient experience are limited. We sought to understand individuals' experiences of having an unplanned cesarean birth. STUDY DESIGN This was a secondary analysis of a prospective qualitative investigation among low-income postpartum individuals at a single-, tertiary-care center in which the primary aim was to evaluate patients' postpartum pain experience after a cesarean birth. Participants completed a 60-minute face-to-face interview on postpartum days 2 to 3. Only participants who labored prior to their cesarean birth were included in this analysis. Transcripts were analyzed by two separate authors using the constant comparative method. Themes are illustrated using direct quotes. RESULTS A total of 22 individuals were included in this analysis; the majority (n=16, 72.7%) experienced a primary cesarean birth. Over half (n=12, 54.5%) identified as Hispanic and one-third (n=7, 31.8%) identified as non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity. Four themes regarding the experience of a cesarean birth after labor were identified, including feelings of anguish, belief that vaginal birth is "normal," poor experiences with care teams, and feelings of self-efficacy. Subthemes were identified and outlined. CONCLUSION In this cohort, individuals who experienced an unplanned cesarean birth after labor expressed feelings of self-blame, failure, and mistrust. Given the association of unplanned cesarean birth with mood disorders in the postpartum period, efforts to enhance communication and support may offer a means of improving individual experiences. KEY POINTS · In this cohort, many individuals expressed negative feelings after an unplanned cesarean birth.. · Conversely, positive themes related to feelings of self-efficacy were identified.. · Efforts to enhance communication and support after an unplanned cesarean birth are warranted..
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia D. DiTosto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Karolina Leziak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lynn M. Yee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nevert Badreldin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Zavrnik Č, Stojnić N, Lukančič MM, Martens M, Danhieux K, Chham S, Mihevc M, Virtič Potočnik T, Ketiš ZK, van Olmen J, Susič AP. Development of a Qualitative Data Analysis Codebook for Arterial Hypertension and Type-2-Diabetes Integrated Care Evaluation. Int J Integr Care 2024; 24:20. [PMID: 38525482 PMCID: PMC10959140 DOI: 10.5334/ijic.7691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-communicable diseases, such as arterial hypertension (HTN) and type-2 diabetes (T2D), pose a global public health problem. Integrated care with focus on person-centred principles aims to enhance healthcare quality and access. Previous qualitative research has identified facilitators and barriers for scaling-up integrated care, however the lack of standardized terms and measures hinder cross-country comparisons. This paper addresses these gaps by presenting a generic codebook for qualitative research on integrated care implementation for HTN and T2D. Description The codebook serves as a tool for deductive or deductive-inductive qualitative analysis, organizing concepts and themes from qualitative data. It consists of nine first level and 39 second level themes. First level codes cover core issues; and second level codes provide detailed insights into facilitators and barriers. Discussion This codebook is more widely applicable than previously developed tools because it includes a broader scope of stakeholders across micro, meso, and macro levels, and the themes being derived from highly diverse health systems across high- and low-income countries. Conclusion The codebook is a useful tool for implementation research on integrated care for HTN and T2D at global scale. It facilitates cross-country learning, contributing to improved implementation, scale-up and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Črt Zavrnik
- Primary Healthcare Research and Development Institute, Community Health Centre Ljubljana, Metelkova ulica 9, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Poljanski nasip 58, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Stojnić
- Primary Healthcare Research and Development Institute, Community Health Centre Ljubljana, Metelkova ulica 9, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Majda Mori Lukančič
- Primary Healthcare Research and Development Institute, Community Health Centre Ljubljana, Metelkova ulica 9, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Monika Martens
- Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Nationalestraat 155, BE-2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Katrien Danhieux
- University of Antwerp, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Prinsstraat 6, BE-2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Savina Chham
- National Institute of Public Health, Cambodia, Boeung Kok 2 quarter, KH-120408 Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Matic Mihevc
- Primary Healthcare Research and Development Institute, Community Health Centre Ljubljana, Metelkova ulica 9, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Poljanski nasip 58, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Primary Healthcare Centre Trebnje, Goliev trg 3, SI-8210 Trebnje, Slovenia
| | - Tina Virtič Potočnik
- Primary Healthcare Research and Development Institute, Community Health Centre Ljubljana, Metelkova ulica 9, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Primary Healthcare Centre Slovenj Gradec, Partizanska pot 16, SI-2380 Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Zalika Klemenc Ketiš
- Primary Healthcare Research and Development Institute, Community Health Centre Ljubljana, Metelkova ulica 9, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Poljanski nasip 58, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Josefien van Olmen
- University of Antwerp, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Prinsstraat 6, BE-2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Antonija Poplas Susič
- Primary Healthcare Research and Development Institute, Community Health Centre Ljubljana, Metelkova ulica 9, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Poljanski nasip 58, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Le Grande MR, Murphy B, Kerr D, Beauchamp A, Driscoll A, Jackson AC. Barriers and enablers to screening, management and referral of sleep disorders in patients attending cardiac rehabilitation: A qualitative descriptive study. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:136-149. [PMID: 37401808 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To examine healthcare professional's knowledge about assessment and management of sleep disorders for cardiac patients and to describe the barriers to screening and management in cardiac rehabilitation settings. DESIGN A qualitative descriptive study. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews. METHODS In March 2022, a total of seven focus groups and two interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals who currently work in cardiac rehabilitation settings. Participants included 17 healthcare professionals who had undertaken cardiac rehabilitation training within the past 5 years. The study adheres to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research guidelines. An inductive thematic analysis approach was utilized. RESULTS Six themes and 20 sub-themes were identified. Non-validated approaches to identify sleep disorders (such as asking questions) were often used in preference to validated instruments. However, participants reported positive attitudes regarding screening tools provided they did not adversely affect the therapeutic relationship with patients and benefit to patients could be demonstrated. Participants indicated minimal training in sleep issues, and limited knowledge of professional guidelines and recommended that more patient educational materials are needed. CONCLUSION Introduction of screening for sleep disorders in cardiac rehabilitation settings requires consideration of resources, the therapeutic relationship with patients and the demonstrated clinical benefit of extra screening. Awareness and familiarity of professional guidelines may improve confidence for nurses in the management of sleep disorders for patients with cardiac illness. IMPACTS The findings from this study address healthcare professionals' concerns regarding introduction of screening for sleep disorders for patients with cardiovascular disease. The results indicate concern for therapeutic relationships and patient management and have implications for nursing in settings such as cardiac rehabilitation and post-cardiac event counselling. REPORTING METHOD Adherence to COREQ guidelines was maintained. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No Patient or Public Contribution as this study explored health professionals' experiences only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Le Grande
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara Murphy
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Debra Kerr
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison Beauchamp
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Rural Health, Monash University, Warragul, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea Driscoll
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alun C Jackson
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre on Behavioural Health, Hong Kong University, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
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Walker L, Burke S, McGeechan GJ. Understanding perceptions of the public and key stakeholders toward a localised cancer screening promotion campaign. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:317-333. [PMID: 36907829 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2188230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore perceptions of members of the public and key stakeholders of a localised campaign to increase engagement with cervical cancer screening. Whilst numerous interventions have been trialled to increase engagement with cancer screening, the evidence for their effectiveness is somewhat mixed. In addition, few studies have explored the perceptions of members of the public targeted by such campaigns nor the perceptions of healthcare professionals who may be involved in delivering such campaigns in the United Kingdom. Members of the public who had potentially been exposed to the campaign in the North-East of England were approached to take part in individual interviews whilst stakeholders were invited to take part in a focus group. A total of 25 participants (13 members of the public, 12 stakeholders) took part. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using applied thematic analysis. Four themes were identified, two of which were cross-cutting (barriers to screening and factors promoting screening), with one theme identified as specific to the public interviews (knowledge of and attitudes toward awareness campaigns) and one theme specific to the focus group (keeping campaigns relevant. Awareness of the localised campaign was limited; however, when made aware, participants were mostly positive towards the approach, although mixed responses were noted in relation to financial incentives. Members of the public and stakeholders identified some common barriers to screening although differed in their perceptions of promotional factors. This study highlights the importance of multiple strategies to promote cervical screening as one size fits all approach may limit engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Walker
- Centre for Applied Psychological Science, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Shani Burke
- Centre for Applied Psychological Science, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Grant J McGeechan
- Centre for Applied Psychological Science, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
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Davidson HR, Gelles S, Keller KR, Zajdel M, Koehly LM. Becoming a Rare Disease Parent: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Parent-Caregivers' Postpartum Experiences. Qual Health Res 2024; 34:126-140. [PMID: 37879105 DOI: 10.1177/10497323231205419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Rare diseases constitute a group of conditions that are individually rare, but in aggregate impact between 3 and 6% of the world population. Many of these conditions present during infancy and involve substantial caregiving responsibilities, often assessed via quantitative measurements. However, few qualitative analyses examine lived experiences of parent-caregivers during the early period of their child's life. The purpose of this study was to examine the meaning that rare disease parent-caregivers apply to the postpartum year using data collected from a semi-structured interview exploring significant experiences over the course of their affected child's life. We utilized an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach to analyze 22 interview transcripts from caregivers to children with several inherited metabolic and mitochondrial disorders, as well as an undiagnosed disease. Our analysis yielded three superordinate themes: Reckoning With the Parent-Caregiver Role, Familial Transition, and Adaptation and Adjustment. Subordinate themes expanded upon these concepts and included distinctions between the parent and caregiving identity, communal coping and shifting of family dynamics, as well as meaning applied to child milestones, anticipatory grief, and parental perception of a new normal. Exploration of these themes in relation to existing literature, as well as future research directions for qualitative research on rare disease caregivers, is discussed. Overall, this work contributes to a growing body of literature exploring the parental experience of rare disease across several condition contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Rochelle Davidson
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shani Gelles
- Social Network Methods Section, Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Krystyna R Keller
- Social Network Methods Section, Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Melissa Zajdel
- Social Network Methods Section, Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura M Koehly
- Social Network Methods Section, Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Yang L, Sun Y, Wei S, Wen H, Liu R, Wang X. Chemical profiling of Simiao pill and quantification of main effective constituents in it by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q Exactive Orbitrap and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300615. [PMID: 38234033 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Simiao pill is one of the most commonly used prescriptions in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. However, methods based on more accurate and comprehensive qualitative and quantitative analyses of the active ingredients are not yet perfect due to limited methodology. This not only hinders the elucidation of the pharmacological mechanism of Simiao pill, but also its comprehensive clinical development and utilization. In this study, we employed ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Q Exactive Orbitrap-mass spectrometry technology to perform rapid analysis and identification of the chemical constituents in Simiao pill. A total of 101 chemical components were identified, including 26 alkaloids, 15 terpenoids, 11 flavonoids, eight steroids, six fatty acids, five limonoids, four saponins, five phenylpropanoids, and 21 other compounds. In addition, we established a new method by high-throughput ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Q Exactive Orbitrap-mass spectrometry combined with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry technology for quantification of 14 main active ingredients, such as adenosine (1), phellodendrine (2), mangnoflorine (3), β-ecdysterone (4), 25R-inokosterone (5), 25S-inokosterone (6), jatrorrhizine (7), palmatine (8), chikusetsu saponin IVa (9), limonin (10), atractylenolide III (11), atractylenolide I (12), obacunone (13), and atractylenolide II (14) in Simiao pill. This work laid a foundation for further analysis and quality control of effective components in Simiao pill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ye Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shuyun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wen
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Ruicheng Liu
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Xijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P. R. China
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Choi S, Sajib MRUZ, Manzano J, Chlebek CJ. mHealth Technology Experiences of Middle-Aged and Older Individuals With Visual Impairments: Cross-Sectional Interview Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e52410. [PMID: 38145472 PMCID: PMC10775026 DOI: 10.2196/52410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current mobile health (mHealth) technology is predominantly designed with a visual orientation, often resulting in user interfaces that are inaccessible to visually impaired users. While mHealth technology offers potential for facilitating chronic illness management and enhancing health behaviors among visually impaired older populations, understanding its usage remains limited. OBJECTIVE This qualitative research aimed to explore the mHealth technology experiences of middle-aged and older individuals with visual impairments including the accessibility and usability issues they faced. METHODS The qualitative exploration was structured using the mHealth for Older Users framework. Cross-sectional interviews were conducted via Zoom between June 1 and July 31, 2023, using an interview protocol for data collection. A thematic analysis approach was employed to analyze the transcribed interview scripts. RESULTS Of the 7 participants who took part in the Zoom interviews, 3 were men and 4 were women, with ages ranging from 53 to 70 years. Most participants adopted mHealth apps and wearable devices for promoting health. They exhibited 3 distinct adoption patterns. Seven themes were emerged from the perceived challenges in using mHealth technologies: (1) a scarcity of accessible user manuals, (2) user interfaces that are not visually impaired-friendly, (3) health data visualizations that are not accessible, (4) unintuitive arrangement of app content, (5) health information that is challenging to comprehend, (6) cognitive overload caused by an excess of audible information, and (7) skepticism regarding the accuracy of health records. mHealth technologies seem to positively affect the health and health management of participants. CONCLUSIONS Design considerations for mHealth technologies should consider individuals' disabilities and chronic conditions and should emphasize the importance of providing accessible manuals and training opportunities when introducing new mHealth solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Choi
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Md Refat Uz Zaman Sajib
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Jenna Manzano
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Christian Joseph Chlebek
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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Harris KM, Mayo Gamble T, Yoo MG, Spell LA, Minor TN, Jones H, Lynch D. Leveraging mHealth to Mitigate the Impact of COVID-19 in Black American Communities: Qualitative Analysis. JMIR Hum Factors 2023; 10:e47294. [PMID: 37874735 PMCID: PMC10770780 DOI: 10.2196/47294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 remains an ongoing public health crisis. Black Americans remain underrepresented among those vaccinated and overrepresented in both COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Medical misinformation, specifically related to COVID-19, has exacerbated the impact of the disease in Black American communities. Communication tools and strategies to build relationships and disseminate credible and trustworthy diagnostic and preventative health information are necessary to improve outcomes and equity for historically oppressed populations. OBJECTIVE As the initial phase of a larger mixed methods project to develop, pilot, and evaluate a mobile health (mHealth) intervention among a population at high risk for COVID-19 and cardiovascular comorbidities, this study sought to explore COVID-19 information behavior among Black Americans. Specifically, this study examined (1) preferences for COVID-19 education via mHealth, (2) barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 education and diagnostic testing and routine care for associated cardiovascular and respiratory comorbidities in the local community, and (3) key content for inclusion in a COVID-19 mHealth app. METHODS This qualitative study used principles of community-based participatory research and information systems research to conduct 7 focus groups across 3 sites. Focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed for thematic analysis using an abductive approach. RESULTS The study sample included 54 individuals across sites with a mean age of 50.24 (SD 11.76; range 20-71) years. Participants were primarily female (n=42, 78%) and Black (n=54, 100%) with varied education levels. Over half (n=29, 54%) of the participants were employed full-time, and nearly three-fourths (n=40, 74%) had household incomes CONCLUSIONS Increasing transparency and building trust are 2 key strategies that may improve the impact of health information messaging in Black communities. Focusing on content over context fails in the provision of critical health information and perpetuates health inequities by reinforcing systemic and structural racism. COVID-19 messaging must consider contextual information, patient needs and preferences, and patient information-seeking and information-search behaviors to establish trust and credibility, positively impact patient health outcomes, and improve health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Harris
- School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tilicia Mayo Gamble
- Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, United States
| | - Madelyn G Yoo
- School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Lindsay A Spell
- School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Timira N Minor
- School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Holly Jones
- Martha S Pitzer Center for Women, Children, and Youth, College of Nursing, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Donald Lynch
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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Töpfer NF, Schön L, Jakob E, Hillebrand MC, Reichertz J, Rother D, Weise L, Wilz G. Sounds of Difference: A Typology of Reactions of People with Dementia to Individualized Music in the Presence of a Monitoring Person. Gerontologist 2023:gnad171. [PMID: 38127309 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnad171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Despite promising effects of individualized music listening (IML) for people with dementia, the individualized nature and heterogeneity of reactions to IML remain underexplored. We aimed to develop an empirically derived typology of directly observed reactions of people with dementia to IML and propose recommendations for tailoring the intervention to the respective types. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS An ideal-type analysis was conducted on 108 video recordings of 45 people with mainly severe dementia (78% female, mean age of 83.02 years, all white participants) listening to recorded individualized music. Dimensions were identified for capturing similarities and differences between types. RESULTS The analysis yielded 10 types of reactions ("expressing and sharing joy", "self-disclosure stimulated by music", "concentrated, absorbed listening", "blissful enjoyment", "experience of the music as bittersweet", "sharing memories", "releasing tension", "tensing up and rejecting", "predominant search for social exchange", "no interpretable reaction") and 3 dimensions ("valence" from negative to positive, "arousal" from calm to activated, "communicative activity" from defensive/ resistant to proactive), resulting in a three-dimensional coordinate system, providing a holistic representation and facilitating a systematic contrast of identified reaction types to IML. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Reactions to IML were influenced by the interaction with the project staff, who monitored the sessions. Based on these observations, we propose recommendations for tailoring both the behavior of the monitoring person (e.g., engaging in synchronous activities like clapping along) and the setup of the intervention (e.g., communal vs. individual listening) to each type, which may improve the effects of IML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils F Töpfer
- Department of Counseling and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - Lisa Schön
- Department of Counseling and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
- Department of Musicology Weimar-Jena, University of Music Franz Liszt Weimar, Weimar, Thuringia, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Jakob
- Department of Counseling and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - Mareike C Hillebrand
- Department of Counseling and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - Jo Reichertz
- Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities (KWI), Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Doreen Rother
- Department of Counseling and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - Lisette Weise
- Department of Counseling and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - Gabriele Wilz
- Department of Counseling and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
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Einhorn J, Murphy AR, Rogal SS, Suffoletto B, Irizarry T, Rollman BL, Forman DE, Muldoon MF. Automated Messaging Program to Facilitate Systematic Home Blood Pressure Monitoring: Qualitative Analysis of Provider Interviews. JMIR Cardio 2023; 7:e51316. [PMID: 38048147 PMCID: PMC10728784 DOI: 10.2196/51316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular and kidney disease in the United States, yet blood pressure (BP) control at a population level is poor and worsening. Systematic home BP monitoring (HBPM) programs can lower BP, but programs supporting HBPM are not routinely used. The MyBP program deploys automated bidirectional text messaging for HBPM and disease self-management support. OBJECTIVE We aim to produce a qualitative analysis of input from providers and staff regarding implementation of an innovative HBPM program in primary care practices. METHODS Semistructured interviews (average length 31 minutes) were conducted with physicians (n=11), nurses, and medical assistants (n=6) from primary care settings. The interview assessed multiple constructs in the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains of intervention characteristics, outer setting, inner setting, and characteristics of individuals. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using inductive coding to organize meaningful excerpts and identify salient themes, followed by mapping to the updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research constructs. RESULTS Health care providers reported that MyBP has good ease of use and was likely to engage patients in managing their high BP. They also felt that it would directly support systematic BP monitoring and habit formation in the convenience of the patient's home. This could increase health literacy and generate concrete feedback to raise the day-to-day salience of BP control. Providers expressed concern that the cost of BP devices remains an encumbrance. Some patients were felt to have overriding social or emotional barriers, or lack the needed technical skills to interact with the program, use good measurement technique, and input readings accurately. With respect to effects on their medical practice, providers felt MyBP would improve the accuracy and frequency of HBPM data, and thereby improve diagnosis and treatment management. The program may positively affect the patient-provider relationship by increasing rapport and bidirectional accountability. Providers appreciated receiving aggregated HBPM data to increase their own efficiency but also expressed concern about timely routing of incoming HBPM reports, lack of true integration with the electronic health record, and the need for a dedicated and trained staff member. CONCLUSIONS In this qualitative analysis, health care providers perceived strong relative advantages of using MyBP to support patients. The identified barriers suggest the need for corrective implementation strategies to support providers in adopting the program into routine primary care practice, such as integration into the workflow and provider education. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03650166; https://tinyurl.com/bduwn6r4.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew R Murphy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shari S Rogal
- Dissemination and Implementation Science Collaboration, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brian Suffoletto
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Taya Irizarry
- Department of Advanced Analytics and Population Health, Highmark Health Enterprise, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Bruce L Rollman
- Center for Behavioral Health, Media and Techology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Daniel E Forman
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Geriatrics, Reseach, Education and Clinical Care (GRECC), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Matthew F Muldoon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- UPMC Hypertension Center, Heart and Vascular Institute, UPMC Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Wilson A, Wilkes S, Teramoto Y, Hale S. Multimodal analysis of disinformation and misinformation. R Soc Open Sci 2023; 10:230964. [PMID: 38126058 PMCID: PMC10731323 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The use of disinformation and misinformation campaigns in the media has attracted much attention from academics and policy-makers. Multimodal analysis or the analysis of two or more semiotic systems-language, gestures, images, sounds, among others-in their interrelation and interaction is essential to understanding dis-/misinformation efforts because most human communication goes beyond just words. There is a confluence of many disciplines (e.g. computer science, linguistics, political science, communication studies) that are developing methods and analytical models of multimodal communication. This literature review brings research strands from these disciplines together, providing a map of the multi- and interdisciplinary landscape for multimodal analysis of dis-/misinformation. It records the substantial growth starting from the second quarter of 2020-the start of the COVID-19 epidemic in Western Europe-in the number of studies on multimodal dis-/misinformation coming from the field of computer science. The review examines that category of studies in more detail. Finally, the review identifies gaps in multimodal research on dis-/misinformation and suggests ways to bridge these gaps including future cross-disciplinary research directions. Our review provides scholars from different disciplines working on dis-/misinformation with a much needed bird's-eye view of the rapidly emerging research of multimodal dis-/misinformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wilson
- Oxford School of Global and Area Studies, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Seb Wilkes
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Scott Hale
- Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Simon L, Cardenas V, Davila-Parrilla L, Marsh RH, Samuels-Kalow M. Challenges connecting emergency department patients with oral health care: A qualitative analysis of patients, emergency department clinicians, and dentists. J Am Dent Assoc 2023; 154:1087-1096.e4. [PMID: 38008526 PMCID: PMC10823431 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unmet dental need shares many risk factors with unmet health-related social needs (HRSN) such as housing and food security and are a common cause for seeking treatment at the emergency department (ED). METHODS The authors recruited a purposive sample of English-speaking and Spanish-speaking patients, ED clinicians at 3 urban EDs, and dentists from nearby communities to participate in qualitative interviews to explore barriers to and facilitators of screening for HRSN and unmet dental needs in the ED. Themes were identified from transcripts using a modified grounded theory approach. RESULTS Interviews were conducted with 25 ED patients, 19 ED clinicians, and 4 dentists. Four themes were identified: (1) a preference for formalized resources, which more frequently exist for HRSN than for oral health; (2) frequent use of ad hoc resources that are less reliable or structured, particularly for dental referral information; (3) limited knowledge of oral health care resources in the community; and (4) desire for more assistance with identifying and addressing resource needs for both HRSN and oral health. Patients were amenable to screening through a variety of modalities and felt it would be helpful, but clinicians emphasized the need for easier referral processes because of frequent failure to connect patients to oral health care. CONCLUSIONS More robust infrastructure and clinician support are needed to ensure successful referral and screening without undue provider burden for both medical and dental clinicians. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Patients are amenable to screening for unmet oral health needs and HRSN in the ED, which may improve access to care.
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MacLennan K, Woolley C, @21andsensory E, Heasman B, Starns J, George B, Manning C. "It Is a Big Spider Web of Things": Sensory Experiences of Autistic Adults in Public Spaces. Autism Adulthood 2023; 5:411-422. [PMID: 38116051 PMCID: PMC10726197 DOI: 10.1089/aut.2022.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Sensory processing differences are commonly experienced by autistic individuals, and some sensory experiences can greatly impact the mental health and quality of life of individuals. Previous research suggests that adapting the sensory nature of environments may improve individual experiences and engagement with these spaces. However, knowledge about which public places are particularly disabling is limited, especially from the perspective of autistic individuals. Little is also known about what in the sensory environment makes them particularly disabling. Methods In this participatory research study, we investigated the sensory experiences of autistic adults in public spaces. We used an online focus group method, recruiting 24 autistic adults across 7 focus groups. We applied content analysis, reflexive thematic analysis, and case study analysis. Results The results of the content analysis showed that supermarkets, eateries (i.e., restaurants, cafés, pubs), highstreets and city/town centers, public transport, health care settings (i.e., doctor's surgeries and hospitals), and retail shops and shopping centers are experienced to be commonly disabling sensory environments for autistic adults. However, outdoor spaces, retail shops, museums, concert venues/clubs, cinemas/theaters, and stadiums are identified to be commonly less disabling sensory environments. In addition, through reflexive thematic analysis we identified 6 key principles that underlie how disabling or enabling sensory environments are: Sensoryscape (sensory environment), Space, Predictability, Understanding, Adjustments, and Recovery. We represented these principles as a web to emphasize the interconnected, dimensional spectrum of the different themes. Lastly, we used case study analysis to evidence these principles in the commonly disabling sensory environments for richer detail and context and to provide credibility for the principles. Conclusions Our findings have important implications for businesses, policy, and built environment designers to reduce the sensory impact of public places to make them more enabling for autistic people. By making public spaces more enabling, we may be able to improve quality of life for autistic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren MacLennan
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Woolley
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Emily @21andsensory
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Brett Heasman
- School of Education, Language and Psychology, York St John University, York, United Kingdom
| | - Jess Starns
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Becky George
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Manning
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Shimizu I, Kasai H, Shikino K, Araki N, Takahashi Z, Onodera M, Kimura Y, Tsukamoto T, Yamauchi K, Asahina M, Ito S, Kawakami E. Developing Medical Education Curriculum Reform Strategies to Address the Impact of Generative AI: Qualitative Study. JMIR Med Educ 2023; 9:e53466. [PMID: 38032695 PMCID: PMC10722362 DOI: 10.2196/53466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generative artificial intelligence (GAI), represented by large language models, have the potential to transform health care and medical education. In particular, GAI's impact on higher education has the potential to change students' learning experience as well as faculty's teaching. However, concerns have been raised about ethical consideration and decreased reliability of the existing examinations. Furthermore, in medical education, curriculum reform is required to adapt to the revolutionary changes brought about by the integration of GAI into medical practice and research. OBJECTIVE This study analyzes the impact of GAI on medical education curricula and explores strategies for adaptation. METHODS The study was conducted in the context of faculty development at a medical school in Japan. A workshop involving faculty and students was organized, and participants were divided into groups to address two research questions: (1) How does GAI affect undergraduate medical education curricula? and (2) How should medical school curricula be reformed to address the impact of GAI? The strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat (SWOT) framework was used, and cross-SWOT matrix analysis was used to devise strategies. Further, 4 researchers conducted content analysis on the data generated during the workshop discussions. RESULTS The data were collected from 8 groups comprising 55 participants. Further, 5 themes about the impact of GAI on medical education curricula emerged: improvement of teaching and learning, improved access to information, inhibition of existing learning processes, problems in GAI, and changes in physicians' professionality. Positive impacts included enhanced teaching and learning efficiency and improved access to information, whereas negative impacts included concerns about reduced independent thinking and the adaptability of existing assessment methods. Further, GAI was perceived to change the nature of physicians' expertise. Three themes emerged from the cross-SWOT analysis for curriculum reform: (1) learning about GAI, (2) learning with GAI, and (3) learning aside from GAI. Participants recommended incorporating GAI literacy, ethical considerations, and compliance into the curriculum. Learning with GAI involved improving learning efficiency, supporting information gathering and dissemination, and facilitating patient involvement. Learning aside from GAI emphasized maintaining GAI-free learning processes, fostering higher cognitive domains of learning, and introducing more communication exercises. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the profound impact of GAI on medical education curricula and provides insights into curriculum reform strategies. Participants recognized the need for GAI literacy, ethical education, and adaptive learning. Further, GAI was recognized as a tool that can enhance efficiency and involve patients in education. The study also suggests that medical education should focus on competencies that GAI hardly replaces, such as clinical experience and communication. Notably, involving both faculty and students in curriculum reform discussions fosters a sense of ownership and ensures broader perspectives are encompassed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo Shimizu
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hajime Kasai
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Shikino
- Health Professional Development Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Community-Oriented Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Araki
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Zaiya Takahashi
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Misaki Onodera
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kimura
- Health Professional Development Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoko Tsukamoto
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Yamauchi
- Health Professional Development Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Community-Oriented Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mayumi Asahina
- Health Professional Development Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shoichi Ito
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Health Professional Development Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eiryo Kawakami
- Department of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Grossman S, Khan R, Smith TME. Perceptions of diversity, equity, and inclusion within undergraduate curriculum and university: A qualitative study. J Am Coll Health 2023:1-8. [PMID: 38015170 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2280781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts are important at university campuses, especially preparing students for the workforce. This study aimed to identify perceptions of DEI among seniors related to their major curriculum and at the university. PARTICIPANTS In Spring 2021, 101 graduating seniors, who are future health professionals, completed an online survey. METHODS Open-ended and multiple-choice survey items were analyzed. Thematic coding for open-ended questions and SPSS was used for the quantitative analysis. RESULTS Analyses revealed the university kept students informed of DEI activities; however, more could be done. In the department, participants reported that classes focused on DEI activities; however, some faculty entered classrooms without evaluating their own implicit biases. Future suggestions include creating a DEI-focused course and increasing faculty and student representation from underrepresented backgrounds. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study can be used to inform DEI-related courses as well as faculty hiring and student recruitment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Grossman
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Behavioral Studies, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Raihan Khan
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Behavioral Studies, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Theresa M Enyeart Smith
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Behavioral Studies, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, USA
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Sahin Akboga O, Dikmen Aydin Y. Barriers and Solutions in Implementing Evidence-Based Recommendations to Prevent Intraoperative Inadvertent Hypothermia: A Qualitative Study. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2023. [PMID: 37976212 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2023.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to understand the barriers and solutions for operating room (OR) nurses and anesthesiologists to implement evidence-based recommendations to prevent intraoperative inadvertent hypothermia (IIH). A qualitative, inductive, and descriptive study was conducted. This qualitative interview study was conducted face-to-face with 19 participants working in OR units between February and March 2023. The interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The COREQ checklist was followed. Two main themes and five sub-themes were identified as a result of content analysis. According to the participants, barriers to IIH prevention interventions are caused by individual and organizational inefficiencies and personal opinions, and the main solution is education. Participants reported many factors that hinder IIH prevention practices. The individual characteristics of OR staff and the opinions and behavior of the institution are very important for IIH prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Sahin Akboga
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Yozgat Bozok, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Yesım Dikmen Aydin
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Marmara, Istanbul, Turkey
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Tameling JF, Lohöfener M, Bereznai J, Tran TPA, Ritter M, Boos M. Extent and types of gender-based discrimination against female medical students and physicians at five university hospitals in Germany - results of an online survey. GMS J Med Educ 2023; 40:Doc66. [PMID: 38125897 PMCID: PMC10728668 DOI: 10.3205/zma001648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective There is a gap in research on gender-based discrimination (GBD) in medical education and practice in Germany. This study therefore examines the extent and forms of GBD among female medical students and physicians in Germany. Causes, consequences and possible interventions of GBD are discussed. Methods Female medical students (n=235) and female physicians (n=157) from five university hospitals in northern Germany were asked about their personal experiences with GBD in an online survey on self-efficacy expectations and individual perceptions of the "glass ceiling effect" using an open-ended question regarding their own experiences with GBD. The answers were analyzed by content analysis using inductive category formation and relative category frequencies. Results From both interviewed groups, approximately 75% each reported having experienced GBD. Their experiences fell into five main categories: sexual harassment with subcategories of verbal and physical, discrimination based on existing/possible motherhood with subcategories of structural and verbal, direct preference for men, direct neglect of women, and derogatory treatment based on gender. Conclusion The study contributes to filling the aforementioned research gap. At the hospitals studied, GBD is a common phenomenon among both female medical students and physicians, manifesting itself in multiple forms. Transferability of the results beyond the hospitals studied to all of Germany seems plausible. Much is known about the causes, consequences and effective countermeasures against GBD. Those responsible for training and employers in hospitals should fulfill their responsibility by implementing measures from the set of empirically evaluated interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Filip Tameling
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Georg Elias Müller Institute for Psychology, Department of Social and Communication Psychology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mareike Lohöfener
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Georg Elias Müller Institute for Psychology, Department of Social and Communication Psychology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Judith Bereznai
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Georg Elias Müller Institute for Psychology, Department of Social and Communication Psychology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thi Phuong Anh Tran
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Georg Elias Müller Institute for Psychology, Department of Social and Communication Psychology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marie Ritter
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Georg Elias Müller Institute for Psychology, Department of Social and Communication Psychology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Margarete Boos
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Georg Elias Müller Institute for Psychology, Department of Social and Communication Psychology, Göttingen, Germany
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McCusker CG, Raleigh N. Transactional processes matter: experiences between parents of children with acquired brain injury and health and education providers. Disabil Rehabil 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37921643 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2278168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about how parents' transactions with health and educational professionals shape their experience of these systems, and impact on capacities to support their child with acquired brain injury (ABI). We explored experiences of specific transactions and perceptions of impact. METHODS A focus group and individual interviews were conducted with seven parents of children in the chronic phase of recovery following ABI. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the data. RESULTS Four superordinate themes were identified: "These Encounters Matter," "A Person not a Number-Interpersonal Skills that Count," "The Blind Leading the Blind," and "Becoming the Backbone." Findings highlighted that these transactions mattered to parents, promoting either distress or empowerment. Positive outcomes were characterized by transactions related to communication, empathy, trust, collaboration, and connection. However, there was a perception of the "blind leading the blind" and that ultimately parents needed to enter such transactions armed with knowledge and their own therapeutic goals. CONCLUSIONS Our findings unpack contextual and transactional elements of parents' experiences with health and education professionals which empower or distress. Understanding and improving these processes is important, given the central role families play in child outcomes following ABI. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niamh Raleigh
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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