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Randall AK, Liekmeier E, Totenhagen CJ, Lannutti PJ, Leon GA, Siegel M, Ditzen B, Baiocco R, Chiarolanza C, Meuwly N, Zemp M, Fischer MS, van Stein KR, Baldi M, Isolani S, Masturzi A, Pistella J, Gandhi Y, Rosta-Filep O, Martos T, Bodenmann G. German and Italian validation of the Dyadic Coping Inventory-Sexual Minority Stress (DCI-SMS) scale. J Fam Psychol 2024:2024-75478-001. [PMID: 38635174 DOI: 10.1037/fam0001206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals (hereafter people with minoritized sexual orientation and/or gender identities) have limited legal rights and access to resources because of their marginalized status in society. These limitations are associated with notable health disparities and increase experiences of minority stress. For those in a romantic relationship, being able to communicate and cope with one's partner-dyadic coping-can help buffer stress' deleterious effects on well-being. Given the promise of understanding how dyadic coping can mitigate experiences of sexual minority stress, the Dyadic Coping Inventory-Sexual Minority Stress (DCI-SMS) was recently created and validated with those living in the United States to assess how partners cope with sexual minority stress. Answering a global call to expand psychological science beyond a U.S. centric perspective, the purpose of this study was to validate the DCI-SMS in German and Italian using samples from Austria, Germany, Switzerland, and Italy, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis results, along with tests of convergent and discriminant validity, and measurement invariance, suggest that the DCI-SMS is a valid measure of stress communication and dyadic coping behaviors for those in a same-gender relationship in the countries sampled. Important future directions include examining its efficacy in other countries, such as those with more adverse sociopolitical climates for people with minoritized sexual orientation and/or gender identities in a same-gender relationship. Limitations and future directions for research and clinical practice are presented. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K Randall
- School of Counseling and Counseling Psychology, Arizona State University
| | | | - Casey J Totenhagen
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Alabama
| | | | - Gabriel A Leon
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California
| | - Magdalena Siegel
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna
| | - Beate Ditzen
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Claudia Chiarolanza
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome
| | | | - Martina Zemp
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna
| | | | - Katharina R van Stein
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University
| | - Michela Baldi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Stefano Isolani
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Alessio Masturzi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Yuvamathi Gandhi
- School of Counseling and Counseling Psychology, Arizona State University
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Filosa L, Sommovigo V, Tavolucci S, Rosa V, Alivernini F, Baiocco R, Borghi A, Chirico A, Fini C, Palombi T, Pistella J, Lucidi F, Alessandri G. Daily associations between global self-esteem and self-concept clarity and their relationships with subjective well-being in a sample of adult workers. J Pers 2024. [PMID: 38606894 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present pre-registered study examined the reciprocal day-to-day associations between global self-esteem and self-concept clarity and their incremental validity with respect to daily life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. METHODS We used intensive longitudinal data from 153 adult workers (45.1% women), over a period of 31 days. Data were analyzed using dynamic structural equation modeling. RESULTS Results attested higher global self-esteem and self-concept clarity mean levels for older vs. younger participants, and lower global self-esteem and self-concept clarity variability for older vs. younger participants. Furthermore, global self-esteem and self-concept clarity were correlated at a cross-sectional daily level, yet only self-concept clarity states positively predicted subsequent global self-esteem states, while global self-esteem states did not predict subsequent self-concept clarity states. Daily global self-esteem and daily self-concept clarity further predicted subsequent daily higher life satisfaction and positive affect, respectively. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings shed light on the short-term relationships linking global self-esteem and self-concept clarity, pointing to their discriminant validity in predicting individuals' subjective well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Filosa
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Simone Tavolucci
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Rosa
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Alivernini
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Borghi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Chirico
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Fini
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Palombi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Alessandri
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Pistella J, Entilli L, Baiocco R. A Long Parents' Journey After Children's Coming Out: Obstacles, Relationships, Generativity, and Life Balance. J Homosex 2024:1-24. [PMID: 38573799 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2024.2337730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Parents' perspective on their child's coming out (CO) remains an under-researched area, especially the investigation of parents adapting to their role post-CO years. The study qualitatively explored parents' recollections of their children's CO, spanning over 15 years. The study involved 15 parents (9 mothers, 6 fathers) of 4 lesbian daughters (Mage = 20.7; SDage = 7.8) and 11 gay sons (Mage = 23.0; SDage = 6.2). A semi-structured interview was employed to probe parents' responses to their child's CO and the long-term evolution of their CO experiences (M = 20.1; SD = 4.8). A thematic analysis was conducted through the software ATLAS.ti. Four themes were observed: (1) risk and protective factors; (2) effects of CO on relationships; (3) parents' generativity; (4) life balance. Acceptance challenges included a lack of LGBQ+ awareness and difficulties in sharing the disclosure with extended family, particularly grandparents. Parents reported numerous strategies, some involving parental generativity, like LGBQ+ activism. Milestones like marriage and the arrival of grandchildren reinforced parents' protective role as they aged, with the child's LGBQ+ disclosure marking a transformative moment leading to a more authentic relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Entilli
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Rosati F, Pistella J, Coletta V, Baiocco R. Racialized Migrant Transgender Women Engaged in Sex Work: Double Binds and Identifications with the Community. Arch Sex Behav 2024; 53:1153-1168. [PMID: 38347323 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Racialized migrant transgender women engaged in sex work represent an understudied population. They face unique challenges resulting from their multiple marginalized identities, such as racialized transmisogyny. Since marginalized communities play a vital role in mitigating systemic stigma, it is essential to expand the literature on the community of this population. The present study used the frameworks of gender minority stress and intersectionality, along with a decolonial and transfeminist approach. Twenty participants aged between 28 and 66 years old (M = 43.15; SD = 10.49) took part in a semi-structured interview. Thematic analysis identified two main areas with ten corresponding themes. "The double bind of community" described the complex dynamics experienced by transgender refugees within their community, including (1) sex work between emancipation and exploitation, (2) non-prescribed treatments for gender affirmation, (3) negative experiences with the community, (4) positive impact of trans organizations, and (5) practical and economic support and exploitation. "The identification with the community" highlighted how participants positively or negatively identified with the community, containing: (6) awareness of one's privileges and oppressions, (7) internalized cisgenderism and assimilation, (8) gender euphoria; (9) sexual objectification, and (10) trans-generativity. The study evidenced the complex dynamics within marginalized communities. Trauma, stigma, and survival struggles can lead to violence and exploitation within the community. However, the community also has the potential to promote positive feelings and generativity. These findings have practical implications for social workers, healthcare practitioners, and researchers, emphasizing the need for appropriate and culturally competent care, including resources for coping with stress, fostering resilience, and facilitating post-traumatic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fau Rosati
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Valle d'Aosta, Str. Cappuccini, 2, 11100, Aosta, Italy.
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Coletta
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Baiocco R, Favini A, Pistella J, Carone N, Speranza AM, Lingiardi V. Prosocial and externalizing behaviors in children raised by different-and same-gender parent families: new directions in parenting research. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1325156. [PMID: 38292531 PMCID: PMC10825949 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1325156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Limited research focused on the association between parenting practices and children's prosocial and externalizing behaviors comparing same- and different-gender parent families. The present study considered 76 Italian families (73% same-gender and 27% different-gender parent families) with 8-year-old (SD = 2.17; 49% assigned female at birth) children born through assisted reproductive techniques, to explore parenting practices and children's prosocial and externalizing behaviors. Method We ran a Multiple-group-by-couple Structural Equation Model in which we estimated the predictive role of parenting on children's behaviors, controlling for age, gender, and family socioeconomic status using the Maximum Likelihood estimation. Results Results showed that both same- and different-gender parent families reported high levels of parental warmth and very low levels of hostility and rejection; regarding children's behaviors, both same- and different-gender parent families reported high levels of prosociality and low levels of externalizing behaviors. In addition, same-gender parents reported significantly higher levels of children's prosociality and parental warmth than different-gender parents. Regarding associations between parenting practices and behaviors, we found a positive association between positive parenting practices and increasing children's prosocial behaviors and decreasing children's externalizing behaviors, in both same- and different-gender families, controlling for family background characteristics. Conclusion The present study encourages future research to investigate how specific parenting practices can influence behavioral adjustment in children, focusing on same-gender parent families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ainzara Favini
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Carone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Speranza
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Lingiardi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Chirico A, Avellone M, Palombi T, Alivernini F, Alessandri G, Filosa L, Pistella J, Baiocco R, Lucidi F. Exploring the Psychological Nexus of Virtual and Augmented Reality on Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Rapid Review. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 14:31. [PMID: 38247683 PMCID: PMC10813312 DOI: 10.3390/bs14010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
With the global population of older adults projected to double to 2.1 billion by 2050, it becomes crucial to promote healthy aging to alleviate the associated disease burden. In this context, technology, particularly virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), has garnered attention for its potential to augment physical activity in older adults. These immersive technologies offer interactive and enjoyable exercise experiences, making physical activity more appealing. However, the effectiveness of these interventions is not solely attributed to technology itself but is deeply intertwined with psychological processes. This rapid review examines the effectiveness of VR and AR interventions in enhancing physical exercise among healthy older adults while exploring the role of psychological variables, including mood, self-efficacy, and motivation. The results of the study show that technology-enhanced physical activity interventions hold great promise but call attention to the need for a comprehensive understanding of psychological dynamics that will pave the way for more tailored and effective interventions. Future research endeavors should aim to bridge these gaps in knowledge to optimize the impact of technology on healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Chirico
- Department of Psychology Development and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.L.)
| | - Marco Avellone
- Department of Psychology Development and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.L.)
| | - Tommaso Palombi
- Department of Psychology Development and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.L.)
| | - Fabio Alivernini
- Department of Psychology Development and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.L.)
| | - Guido Alessandri
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.A.); (L.F.)
| | - Lorenzo Filosa
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.A.); (L.F.)
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Psychology Development and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.L.)
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Psychology Development and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.L.)
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Psychology Development and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.L.)
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Palombi T, Lucidi F, Chirico A, Alessandri G, Filosa L, Tavolucci S, Borghi AM, Fini C, Cavicchiolo E, Pistella J, Baiocco R, Alivernini F. Is the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire a Valid Measure in Older People? Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2707. [PMID: 37893781 PMCID: PMC10606683 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the widely recognized benefits of physical activity for preventing physical and cognitive decline during aging, global estimates indicate that most older adults do not achieve the recommended amount of physical activity due to a lack of motivation. The current research examined the validity and psychometric properties of the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3) among older adults. Based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the BREQ-3 stands out as one of the most extensively utilized tools among exercise motivation studies. METHODS A sample of older adults (N = 383; M age = 73.2 years, SD age = 7.2) completed the BREQ-3 and the Godin-Shepard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (GSLTPAQ). RESULTS Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the six-factor structure postulated by SDT, showing good fit indices (CFI= 0.95; RMSEA = 0.05; SRMR = 0.04) and supporting the full measurement invariance of the scale across sex and age groups (65 to 74 years; over 75 years). The construct and criterion validity of the BREQ-3 was upheld through the latent correlations between its subscales and their correlations with the GSLTPAQ. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated for the first time the effectiveness of the BREQ-3 in assessing all forms of behavioral regulation proposed by SDT in older adults, suggesting that older adults similarly interpreted the items across sex and age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Palombi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (A.C.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (A.C.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Andrea Chirico
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (A.C.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Guido Alessandri
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.A.); (L.F.); (S.T.)
| | - Lorenzo Filosa
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.A.); (L.F.); (S.T.)
| | - Simone Tavolucci
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.A.); (L.F.); (S.T.)
| | - Anna M. Borghi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.M.B.); (C.F.)
| | - Chiara Fini
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.M.B.); (C.F.)
| | - Elisa Cavicchiolo
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (A.C.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (A.C.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Fabio Alivernini
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (A.C.); (J.P.); (R.B.); (F.A.)
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Morelli M, Plata MG, Isolani S, Zabala MEZ, Hoyos KPC, Tirado LMU, Gracia MSR, Barbosa CP, Pistella J, Zuffianò A, Gerbino M, Laghi F, Pastorelli C, Baiocco R. Sexting Behaviors Before and During COVID-19 in Italian and Colombian Young Adults. Sex Res Social Policy 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37363349 PMCID: PMC9986041 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-023-00798-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Recent research highlight increasing at-risk online sexual activities and behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic among young adults. Specifically, sexting refers to exchanging sexually suggestive messages, photos, and videos through technological devices, and it can be placed on a continuum from safer to riskier behavior. This study aims to improve our knowledge about sexting behaviors in Italian and Colombian young adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A survey online was filled in by all recruited participants through a snowball sampling procedure (from December 2019 to June 2021) both in Italy and Colombia, resulting in a total of 2931 participants (2051 from Italy and 880 from Colombia) aged 18 to 35 years old (Mage = 23.85; SDage = 3.63; 67.6% girls). Results Italian youth were more engaged in risky sexting than Colombian participants, while Colombians indicated being more engaged in non-consensual sexting than Italians. Sexual minority people reported more sharing their own sexts, higher levels of sexting under pressure, and 3.2 times more risky sexting than exclusively heterosexual counterparts. During the pandemic period, participants sent their own sexts 1.5 times more and were less involved in non-consensual sexting than in the pre-pandemic era. Conclusions The present research could help understand better the cultural dynamics underlying the differences in sexting behaviors, suggesting the relevance of investigating how sexting behaviors and online at-risk activities have changed since the pandemic started. Policy Implications Results provide implications for educational and prevention programs to improve young people's awareness of sexting behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Morelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Isolani
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Zuffianò
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Gerbino
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorenzo Laghi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Baiocco R, Rosati F, Pistella J. Italian proposal for non-binary and inclusive language: The schwa as a non-gender–specific ending. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2023.2183537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fau Rosati
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Izzo F, Baiocco R, Pistella J. Children's and Adolescents' Happiness and Family Functioning: A Systematic Literature Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:16593. [PMID: 36554474 PMCID: PMC9778774 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND the present research represents the first systematic review of the literature on the relation between happiness (i.e., subjective well-being, life satisfaction, positive affect) and family functioning in families with children aged 6-18 years. METHOD relevant articles were systematically searched in three scientific databases (i.e., PsycInfo, Pubmed, and Web of Science) in June 2022. The databases were searched for original articles published after 1968 with the keywords "happiness" and "family functioning." RESULTS of the 2683 records recovered, 124 original articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. The articles were divided according to four emergent themes: (1) family dimensions and happiness; (2) global family functioning (i.e., family functioning, and family relationships), environmental variables, and happiness; (3) parental differences; (4) longitudinal studies. CONCLUSIONS the results of the review provide evidence for a positive relation between happiness and family functioning, across different cultures and age groups: Family dimensions (e.g., cohesion, communication) were found to strongly predict children's and adolescents' happiness. Future studies should investigate the differences between fathers and mothers using multi-informant and mixed methods procedures and a longitudinal research approach. The implications of the findings for children's positive development are discussed.
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Rosati F, Lorusso MM, Pistella J, Giovanardi G, Di Giannantonio B, Mirabella M, Williams R, Lingiardi V, Baiocco R. Non-Binary Clients' Experiences of Psychotherapy: Uncomfortable and Affirmative Approaches. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15339. [PMID: 36430057 PMCID: PMC9690436 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Non-binary people may face specific challenges in psychological settings. Psychotherapists often display a lack of preparation for non-binary gender identities, resulting in overt or subtle forms of prejudice that compromise the therapeutic alliance. The present study aimed to provide data on non-binary clients' positive and negative experiences within therapeutic relationships. Twenty-five interviews were conducted with non-binary people in the age range of 19-35. Using codebook thematic analysis, the researchers identified three main themes: (1) the self of the psychotherapist, consisting of the impact of the therapist's personal (i.e., sexual identity) and professional (i.e., competence) characteristics on the therapeutic experience; (2) the practice of the psychotherapist, emerging as affirmative (validation and microaffirmations) or negative (gender identity change efforts, manifest aggressions, and microaggressions) approaches toward non-binary identities; (3) the therapeutic relationship, referring to the alliance, rupture, and reparation based on the therapists' openness toward non-binary identities. To provide a safer setting for non-binary clients, psychotherapists should incorporate issues related to gender minority identities in their training, acknowledge clinical errors when they occur and adopt an active predisposition to learn through the client's experience, giving value to their unique contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fau Rosati
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maric Martin Lorusso
- Department of Psychology, Campus Cesena, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47521 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Giovanardi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Bianca Di Giannantonio
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Mirabella
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Williams
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Lingiardi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Pistella J, Rosati F, Baiocco R. Feeling safe and content: Relationship to internalized sexual stigma, self-awareness, and identity uncertainty in Italian lesbian and bisexual women. J Lesbian Stud 2022; 27:41-59. [PMID: 35699316 DOI: 10.1080/10894160.2022.2087344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Research has linked feelings of safety and contentment to lower adverse mental health outcomes (e.g., stress, anxiety, depression) in the general population. The current study aimed at exploring the relationship between safe/content positive affect and minority stress (e.g., internalized sexual stigma) in lesbian and bisexual women, considering the effect of potential mediators such as identity self-awareness and identity uncertainty. An online survey was administered to 400 Italian women (220 lesbian and 180 bisexual women), aged 18-40 years (M = 25.98, SD = 6.07). The results showed that lesbian women reported lower internalized sexual stigma and identity uncertainty and higher safe/content positive affect and identity self-awareness, relative to bisexual women. Higher internalized sexual stigma predicted lower safe/content positive affect, regardless of sexual orientation. Furthermore, identity self-awareness and identity uncertainty significantly mediated the relationship between internalized sexual stigma and safe/content feelings, thus confirming the protective role of sexual identity variables on lesbian and bisexual women's positive affectivity. Finally, univariate analyses suggested that lesbian women were more resilient than bisexual women in the face of minority stressors. The results contribute to the understanding of the differences between lesbian and bisexual women in their perception of salient identity categories. In addition, the findings highlight the relevance of protective factors (e.g., identity certainty, lesbian and bisexual positive identity) in ameliorating the adverse effects of minority stress and promoting positive affect and social adjustment in lesbian and bisexual women. Research and clinical implications and directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fau Rosati
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Baiocco R, Rosati F, Zagaria AE, Pistella J. Telling my life: Narratives of coming out in LGB people between certainty/uncertainty and revelation/concealment. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2022.2072035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fau Rosati
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Altomare Enza Zagaria
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Pistella J, Isolani S, Ioverno S, Laghi F, Baiocco R. Psychophysical Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Same-Sex Couples' Conflict: The Mediating Effect of Internalized Sexual Stigma. Front Psychol 2022; 13:860260. [PMID: 35369158 PMCID: PMC8965871 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.860260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on same-sex relationships is limited. The present study aimed at analyzing the association between the psychophysical impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and same-sex couples' conflict, also considering the potential mediating effect of internalized sexual stigma (ISS). For this purpose, psychophysical challenges and couples' conflict during the COVID-19 pandemic, ISS, age, biological sex, sexual orientation, relationship duration, religiosity, involvement in lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) associations, sexual satisfaction, and interpersonal partner violence were assessed in an Italian sample of 232 LGB people engaged in a same-sex relationship (aged 18-45 years; M age = 28.68, SD = 6.91). The results indicated that the psychophysical impact of the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly associated with couples' conflict, and ISS mediated this relationship. Among the covariates considered, only sexual satisfaction was associated with couples' conflict. The findings suggest that ISS, over and above the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychophysical health, triggered conflict within same-sex relationships. Studying the role of ISS in various relational and social contexts is important, as ISS may have an adverse effect on the mental health of sexual minority people. We recommend that more efforts be made to improve research on the LGB population during the public health response to the COVID-19 emergency, because the paucity of studies underlines the invisibility of this population in many domains, including the domain of romantic relationships. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Isolani
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fiorenzo Laghi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Carbone A, Pistella J, Gennaro A, Petrocchi C, Baiocco R. Parental Experiences of Coming Out: From "Un-doing Family Bonds" to "Family Generativity". J Homosex 2022:1-23. [PMID: 35271435 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2022.2048334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The coming out (CO) is a family process that involves the LGB+ person and all family members. The present study aimed to analyze the CO process from parents' perspective and examine if and how the emotional states of mothers and fathers changed in the years following the disclosure. The study involved 25 Italian parents (16 mothers, 9 fathers; Mage = 67, SD = 7.8) of 17 gay men and 8 lesbian women. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview designed to explore parents' reactions to their child's CO and the evolution of their CO experiences over the medium to long term (M = 13.9; SD = 8.3). Interviews were analyzed using emotional text analysis, representing a mixed methodology for tracing the emotional dimensions that organize linguistic productions. The factorial analysis generated four thematic clusters: (1) the un-doing of family bonds; (2) perceived gender typicality in childhood; (3) the freedom to be oneself and transgression; and (4) family generativity. Parents experience CO as challenging, especially in the initial phase. However, some parents develop CO narratives characterized by openness, pride, and generativity. The findings have implications for practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Carbone
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gennaro
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Petrocchi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Pezzella A, Pistella J, Baiocco R, Kouta C, Rocamora-Perez P, Nielsen D, Kuckert-Wöstheinrich A, Dudau V, Papadopoulos I. IENE 9 project: Developing a culturally competent and compassionate LGBT + curriculum in health and social care education. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2021.2012733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Pezzella
- Research Centre for Transcultural Studies in Health, Department of Mental Health and Social Work, Middlesex University, London, UK
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Christiana Kouta
- Department of Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Patricia Rocamora-Perez
- Health Research Centre, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Irena Papadopoulos
- Research Centre for Transcultural Studies in Health, Department of Mental Health and Social Work, Middlesex University, London, UK
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Rosati F, Coletta V, Pistella J, Scandurra C, Laghi F, Baiocco R. Experiences of Life and Intersectionality of Transgender Refugees Living in Italy: A Qualitative Approach. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:12385. [PMID: 34886110 PMCID: PMC8656617 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Transgender refugees are at risk of experiencing increased minority stress due to experiences of trauma in their country of origin, and the intersection of multiple marginalized identities in their host country. Adopting a transfeminist and decolonial approach, the present study aimed at exploring transgender refugees' experiences of life and migration. A semi-structured interview protocol was developed, grounded in the perspectives of minority stress and intersectionality. Participants were five transgender refugees (four women and one non-binary) from different cultural/geographic contexts, professing different religions. Using thematic analysis, the researchers identified three themes: pre- and post-migration minority stress and transphobia; religion as a protective factor for gender affirmation; and individuation and the synthesis of social identities. Participants reported traumatic experiences and the inability to openly live out their gender identity in their country of origin as the main push factors to migration. They also reported feelings of isolation and experiences of victimization during interactions with the Italian asylum services, due to a lack of adequate training, racial prejudice, and transphobia. Participants demonstrated positive individuation, linked to gender affirmation treatments and religious protective factors. The interview protocol may be used by social operators to support the claims of transgender asylum seekers, and to clinically assess transgender people with an immigrant background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fau Rosati
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (J.P.); (F.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Valentina Coletta
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (J.P.); (F.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (J.P.); (F.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Fiorenzo Laghi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (J.P.); (F.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (J.P.); (F.L.); (R.B.)
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Baiocco R, Antoniucci C, Basili E, Pistella J, Favini A, Martin C, Pastorelli C. Perceived Similarity to Gender Groups Scale: Validation in a Sample of Italian LGB + and Heterosexual Young Adults. Sex Res Social Policy 2021; 19:1270-1284. [PMID: 34367357 PMCID: PMC8335452 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-021-00631-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present article describes two interrelated studies that examine gender typicality in young adulthood using a new dual-identity approach. METHODS Participants were recruited online from March 2020 to February 2021 and reported their perceived similarity to own- and other-gender peers as a way to assess their gender typicality. In study 1, the authors conducted an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test and validate the Perceived Similarity to Gender Groups Scale in a sample of Italian young adults (n = 571; M age = 23.9; SD = 3.60). The authors documented the configural, metric, scalar measurement invariance, and validity. In study 2, the Perceived Similarity to Gender Groups Scale adopted in study 1 was used to assess the distribution of different typologies of gender typicality in another sample of Italian young adults who vary in gender and sexual orientation (n = 1126; M age = 24.3; SD = 3.51). RESULTS Results confirmed the structural validity of the Perceived Similarity to Gender Groups Scale, revealing the two-factor structure of the scale. Moreover, results of cluster analysis found different typologies of self-perceptions of gender typicality. CONCLUSION Both studies emphasize the relevance of studying gender typicality in young adulthood through a dual-identity approach, highlighting the relevance of gender and sexual orientations. POLICY IMPLICATIONS The use of the dual-identity approach has significant social and clinical implications as it represents a more flexible and representative model of the complexity of gender typicality. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13178-021-00631-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Antoniucci
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Basili
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ainzara Favini
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carol Martin
- School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ USA
| | - Concetta Pastorelli
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Hässler T, Ullrich J, Sebben S, Shnabel N, Bernardino M, Valdenegro D, Van Laar C, González R, Visintin EP, Tropp LR, Ditlmann RK, Abrams D, Aydin AL, Pereira A, Selvanathan HP, von Zimmermann J, Lantos NA, Sainz M, Glenz A, Kende A, Oberpfalzerová H, Bilewicz M, Branković M, Noor M, Pasek MH, Wright SC, Žeželj I, Kuzawinska O, Maloku E, Otten S, Gul P, Bareket O, Corkalo Biruski D, Mugnol-Ugarte L, Osin E, Baiocco R, Cook JE, Dawood M, Droogendyk L, Loyo AH, Jelić M, Kelmendi K, Pistella J. Need satisfaction in intergroup contact: A multinational study of pathways toward social change. J Pers Soc Psychol 2021; 122:634-658. [PMID: 34138605 DOI: 10.1037/pspi0000365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
What role does intergroup contact play in promoting support for social change toward greater social equality? Drawing on the needs-based model of reconciliation, we theorized that when inequality between groups is perceived as illegitimate, disadvantaged group members will experience a need for empowerment and advantaged group members a need for acceptance. When intergroup contact satisfies each group's needs, it should result in more mutual support for social change. Using four sets of survey data collected through the Zurich Intergroup Project in 23 countries, we tested several preregistered predictions, derived from the above reasoning, across a large variety of operationalizations. Two studies of disadvantaged groups (Ns = 689 ethnic minority members in Study 1 and 3,382 sexual/gender minorities in Study 2) support the hypothesis that, after accounting for the effects of intergroup contact and perceived illegitimacy, satisfying the need for empowerment (but not acceptance) during contact is positively related to support for social change. Two studies with advantaged groups (Ns = 2,937 ethnic majority members in Study 3 and 4,203 cis-heterosexual individuals in Study 4) showed that, after accounting for illegitimacy and intergroup contact, satisfying the need for acceptance (but also empowerment) is positively related to support for social change. Overall, findings suggest that intergroup contact is compatible with efforts to promote social change when group-specific needs are met. Thus, to encourage support for social change among both disadvantaged and advantaged group members, it is essential that, besides promoting mutual acceptance, intergroup contact interventions also give voice to and empower members of disadvantaged groups. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nurit Shnabel
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Linda R Tropp
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mario Sainz
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada
| | | | - Anna Kende
- Department of Social Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University
| | - Hana Oberpfalzerová
- Institute of Political Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University
| | | | | | - Masi Noor
- School of Psychology, Keele University
| | - Michael H Pasek
- Department of Psychology, The New School for Social Research
| | | | - Iris Žeželj
- Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade
| | | | - Edona Maloku
- Social Sciences Unit, Rochester Institute of Technology in Kosovo
| | - Sabine Otten
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen
| | - Pelin Gul
- Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente
| | - Orly Bareket
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University
| | | | | | - Evgeny Osin
- International Laboratory of Positive Psychology of Personality and Motivation, National Research University Higher School of Economics
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome
| | | | - Maneeza Dawood
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University in the City of New York
| | | | | | | | | | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome
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Rosati F, Pistella J, Giovanardi G, Baiocco R. Queer generativity in lesbian, gay, and bisexual older adults: Personal, relational, and political/social behaviours. J Community Appl Soc Psychol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fau Rosati
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Guido Giovanardi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
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Pistella J, Isolani S, Morelli M, Izzo F, Baiocco R. Helicopter parenting and alcohol use in adolescence: A quadratic relation. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 2021; 39:134-145. [PMID: 35757090 PMCID: PMC9189564 DOI: 10.1177/14550725211009036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Research has underscored that an excessively intrusive parental style, defined as helicopter parenting, could be a risk factor for maladaptive behaviours in youth, including alcohol use and drug consumption. However, such at-risk behaviours have also been associated with low levels of parental involvement and warmth. Thus, the relationship between parental involvement and at-risk behaviours in adolescents is not clear. The purpose of the current study was to identify the relation between helicopter parenting and alcohol use in a sample of Italian youth. Design: The participants were 402 adolescents (233 female) between the ages of 14 and 19 years (Mage= 17.20, SD = 1.66). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine linear, quadratic, and exponential models and to verify which model best described the correlation. Results: The results showed a quadratic correlation between mothers’ helicopter parenting and alcohol use, whereby higher and lower levels of mothers’ helicopter parenting were associated with adolescents’ alcohol use. Conclusions: The empirical data are essential for improving our understanding of the implications and potential outcomes of helicopter parenting during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Isolani
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Morelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Izzo
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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22
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Baiocco R, Pistella J, Morelli M. Coming Out to Parents in Lesbian and Bisexual Women: The Role of Internalized Sexual Stigma and Positive LB Identity. Front Psychol 2020; 11:609885. [PMID: 33363501 PMCID: PMC7753113 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.609885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The experience of “coming out” (CO) to parents is often a crucial event in the lives of lesbian and bisexual (LB) women, associated with lower internalized sexual stigma (ISS) and higher positive LB identity. Few studies have compared the experiences of LB women in the CO process. Rather, most prior research has either: (1) not addressed bisexuality or eliminated bisexual individuals from the analysis; (2) combined bisexual women and bisexual men in the same sexual orientation group; or (3) examined bisexual participants alongside lesbian women and gay men, using a single monolithic measure. Thus, the present research aimed at investigating the role of ISS and positive LB identity in inhibiting or encouraging CO to parents in a sample of 241 lesbian women (Mage = 27.61, SD = 7.19) and 186 bisexual women (Mage = 25.23, SD = 5.81), aged 18–40 years. Most participants reported that they had already revealed their sexual orientation to their mother (69%) and their father (52%). More lesbian women had CO to both their mother and their father than had bisexual women. These lesbian women reported lower levels of ISS and higher levels of LB positive identity relative to bisexual women. On average, CO to mothers occurred at age 20 (SD = 5.54), while CO to fathers occurred at age 22 (SD = 5.63). LB women did not differ in the average age of CO to mothers or fathers, or in parental reactions to CO. Finally, ISS was found to affect the process of CO to both parents via positive identity (bootstrapping estimate = −0.26, SE = 0.08, 95% CI = −0.43, 0.11), whereas sexual orientation was not found to moderate the path from ISS to CO to both parents. The present study contributes to our understanding of the differences between LB women when developing their sexual orientation, highlighting the relevance of a positive LB identity for CO to parents. Research and clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Morelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Rosati F, Pistella J, Nappa MR, Baiocco R. The Coming-Out Process in Family, Social, and Religious Contexts Among Young, Middle, and Older Italian LGBQ+ Adults. Front Psychol 2020; 11:617217. [PMID: 33365008 PMCID: PMC7750329 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.617217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The coming out (CO) process is fundamental for identity integration among LGBQ+ people, and its impact can vary greatly depending on personal and contextual factors. The historical, cultural, and social contexts in which LGBQ+ people develop their sexual identity can mediate the relationship between CO and health outcomes. The present study aimed at clarifying the CO process in three generations of Italian LGBQ+ people (young adults: aged 20-40 years; middle adults: aged 41-60 years; older adults: aged 61-80 years) by providing data on: (a) sexual orientation milestones, such as age of first awareness, age of first self-label, and age of first CO, as well as the rate of disclosure during different life stages; (b) the rate and average age of CO to significant others; and (c) CO within the religious context and its effect on participants' minority stress experiences. A total of 266 Italian LGBQ+ people participated in the study, with ages ranging from 20 to 80 years (M = 41.15, SD = 16.13). Findings indicated that, on average, the older adult group became self-aware, self-labeled, and disclosed their sexual identity at a significantly older age than the other groups. Older adults were also more Catholic and had CO more frequently to their Catholic community, relative to young and middle adults. CO within the Catholic context was associated with distal and proximal minority stressors, such as discrimination, vigilance, and internalized sexual stigma. Catholic community reactions to participants' CO were distinguished through thematic analysis in three main types: unconditional acceptance, invitation to change, and open rejection. The present research extended current knowledge on CO and minority stress experiences in different generations of LGBQ+ people. Several differences emerged between generational groups on sexual orientation milestones, highlighting the potential impact of historical and cultural contexts in determining sexual minorities' experiences related to sexual identity. It is recommended that mental health professionals working with LGBQ+ clients implement targeted interventions based on their clients' multiple salient aspects, including age and religious background. Clinicians should also be aware of the potentially detrimental effects of CO within an unsupportive context, rather than encouraging CO tout court.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausta Rosati
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Nappa
- Department of Law, Economics and Human Sciences, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Brasini M, Tanzilli A, Pistella J, Gentile D, Di Marco I, Mancini F, Lingiardi V, Baiocco R. The Social Mentalities Scale: A new measure for assessing the interpersonal motivations underlying social relationships. Personality and Individual Differences 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hässler T, Ullrich J, Bernardino M, Shnabel N, Laar CV, Valdenegro D, Sebben S, Tropp LR, Visintin EP, González R, Ditlmann RK, Abrams D, Selvanathan HP, Brankovic M, Wright S, von Zimmermann J, Pasek M, Aydin AL, Žeželj I, Pereira A, Lantos NA, Sainz M, Glenz A, Oberpfalzerová H, Bilewicz M, Kende A, Kuzawinska O, Otten S, Maloku E, Noor M, Gul P, Pistella J, Baiocco R, Jelic M, Osin E, Bareket O, Biruski DC, Cook JE, Dawood M, Droogendyk L, Loyo AH, Kelmendi K, Ugarte LM. Author Correction: A large-scale test of the link between intergroup contact and support for social change. Nat Hum Behav 2020; 4:771. [PMID: 32576984 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-020-0915-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabea Hässler
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Johannes Ullrich
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Bernardino
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nurit Shnabel
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Daniel Valdenegro
- School of Politics and International Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Simone Sebben
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Linda R Tropp
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA
| | - Emilio Paolo Visintin
- Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roberto González
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ruth K Ditlmann
- Migration, Integration, Transnationalization, Berlin Social Science Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominic Abrams
- School of Psychology, University of Kent, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Hema Preya Selvanathan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA.,School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marija Brankovic
- Department of Psychology, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stephen Wright
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | | | - Michael Pasek
- Department of Psychology, The New School for Social Research, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, ARTIS International, Scottsdale, USA
| | - Anna Lisa Aydin
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Iris Žeželj
- Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Nóra Anna Lantos
- Department of Social Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mario Sainz
- Department of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Psychology, University of Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Andreas Glenz
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hana Oberpfalzerová
- Institute of Political Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Anna Kende
- Department of Social Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Sabine Otten
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Edona Maloku
- Social Sciences Unit, Rochester Institute of Technology in Kosovo, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Masi Noor
- Department of Psychology, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, UK
| | - Pelin Gul
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, USA
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Margareta Jelic
- Department of Psychology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Evgeny Osin
- Department of Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Orly Bareket
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Jonathan E Cook
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Maneeza Dawood
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, USA
| | - Lisa Droogendyk
- School of Social and Life Sciences, Sheridan College, Oakville, Canada
| | | | | | - Luiza Mugnol Ugarte
- Department of Psychology, D'OR Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Pistella J, Baumgartner E, Laghi F, Salvati M, Carone N, Rosati F, Baiocco R. Verbal, physical, and relational peer victimization: The role of immigrant status and gender. Psicothema 2020; 32:214-220. [PMID: 32249747 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2019.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies suggest that immigrant youth are more likely to be victimized than their non-immigrant counterparts. In Italy, a country in which the number of foreign migrants has grown exponentially over recent decades, this line of research is particularly interesting. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between peer victimization, gender, and immigrant status in a large sample of students. METHOD The research used data from a cross-sectional Italian survey on the "Integration of Second Generations", which was administered to 68,127 students in grades 6 through 13 (49% female; 47% immigrant). Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between immigrant status and gender with verbal, physical, and relational victimization, after adjusting for socio-demographic variables. RESULTS Immigrant and male participants were more likely to be classified as frequently victimized. The significant interaction effect between immigrant status and gender revealed that male immigrant students were more likely to belong to the frequently relationally victimized category compared to their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the importance of including immigrant status disparities in peer victimization research. Prevention efforts and intervention strategies should be implemented to create safe environments in Italy.
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Pistella J, Ioverno S, Rodgers MA, Russell ST. The contribution of school safety to weight-related health behaviors for transgender youth. J Adolesc 2020; 78:33-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Pistella J, Ioverno S, Russell ST. The role of peer victimization, sexual identity, and gender on unhealthy weight control behaviors in a representative sample of Texas youth. Int J Eat Disord 2019; 52:597-601. [PMID: 30805974 PMCID: PMC10409614 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to examine the association between victimization and unhealthy weight control behaviors (UWCB), accounting for other key correlates of UWCB while considering the moderating role of sexual identity and gender. METHOD This study used data from the 2017 Texas Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), a representative sample of students in grades 9-12 in the U.S. state of Texas, including 2,067 students (1,754 heterosexuals and 313 sexual minorities). We used survey-weighted logistic regression to examine the association of sexual identity, gender, and victimization (dating violence, cyberbullying, and school bullying) with UWCB, after adjusting for demographic information and indicators of weight, physical activity, and support from adults. RESULTS Unhealthy weight control behaviors were associated with older age, being obese, lack of support from adults, low physical activity, and cyberbullying. A significant three-way interaction between gender, sexual identity and bullying showed that bullying was associated with high levels of UWCB among sexual minority males. DISCUSSION Our study highlights the role of victimization in health behaviors for stigmatized groups, and the importance of school efforts to implement an equitable and safe learning environment for all students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pistella
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ioverno
- Population Research Center, Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Stephen T. Russell
- Population Research Center, Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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Baiocco R, Pistella J, Salvati M, Ioverno S, Lucidi F. Sports as a risk environment: Homophobia and bullying in a sample of gay and heterosexual men. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2018.1489325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Salvati
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ioverno
- Population Research Center, Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
This study describes the process of developing and validating the Sexual Prejudice in Sport Scale (SPSS), which is a multidimensional instrument developed to assess attitudes toward lesbians and gay men (LG) in sports. The authors conducted two studies: first, to establish the factor structure of the SPSS on 297 heterosexual athletes; and, second, to test the reliability and validity of the resulting 19-item scale on a sample of 311 heterosexual and 160 LG athletes. Exploratory factor analysis of an initial item pool yielded three factors: open rejection, which assesses the blatant prejudice expressed toward LG people; denial of visibility, which evaluates attitude toward the coming out of LG people; and gendering performance, which corresponds to gender stereotypes about performance/skills of LG people. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess the stability of the SPSS. The authors documented internal consistency, test-retest stability, and convergent/divergent validity. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pistella
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Salvati
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ioverno
- Population Research Center (PRC), University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Ioverno S, Carone N, Lingiardi V, Nardelli N, Pagone P, Pistella J, Salvati M, Simonelli A, Baiocco R. Assessing Prejudice Toward Two-Father Parenting and Two-Mother Parenting: The Beliefs on Same-Sex Parenting Scale. J Sex Res 2018; 55:654-665. [PMID: 28753387 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2017.1348460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This article describes two interrelated studies that investigated beliefs and stereotypes on two-father parenting and two-mother parenting through the development and validation of the Beliefs on Same-Sex Parenting (BOSSP) scale. The BOSSP captures two beliefs: (1) prejudices toward same-sex couples' inherent inability to parent and (2) concerns about same-sex parenting that are not necessarily related to homonegativity. In Study 1 (301 heterosexual participants), exploratory factor analysis (EFA) suggested an 11-item scale for attitudes toward both two-father families and two-mother families, with two factors: parenting skills, which evaluates beliefs on same-sex couples' ability to take care of their children; and parental adjustment, which assesses beliefs on the impact of challenges related to same-sex parenting on children's well-being. Support for convergent validity between BOSSP factor scores and those of theoretically related measures were provided. In Study 2 (346 heterosexual participants surveyed in two time points), CFA indicated that the two-factor model provided the best fit. Test-retest reliability and longitudinal invariance were documented. Finally, results revealed that more negative attitudes toward same-sex parenting were held by men than by women and were associated with negative opinions on reproductive techniques. The innovative characteristics of the BOSSP and implications for future practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Ioverno
- a Population Research Center, Human Development and Family Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Nicola Carone
- b Department of Social and Developmental Psychology , Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Vittorio Lingiardi
- c Department of Clinical and Dynamic Psychology , Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Nicola Nardelli
- c Department of Clinical and Dynamic Psychology , Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Paolo Pagone
- d Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization , University of Padova
| | - Jessica Pistella
- b Department of Social and Developmental Psychology , Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Marco Salvati
- b Department of Social and Developmental Psychology , Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Alessandra Simonelli
- d Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization , University of Padova
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- b Department of Social and Developmental Psychology , Sapienza University of Rome
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