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D'Agostini F, La Maestra S. Micronuclei in Fish Erythrocytes as Genotoxic Biomarkers of Water Pollution: An Overview. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 258:195-240. [PMID: 34611757 DOI: 10.1007/398_2021_76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater and marine water bodies receive chemical contaminants from industrial, agricultural, urban, and domestic wastes. Eco-genotoxicity assays are useful tools to assess the cumulative genotoxicity of these pollutants. Fish are suitable indicators for biomonitoring of mutagenic and carcinogenic pollution.In this review, we present a complete overview of the studies performed so far using the micronucleus test in peripheral erythrocytes of fish exposed to polluted water. We have listed all the species of fish used and the geographical distribution of the investigations. We have analyzed and discussed all technical aspects of using this test in fish, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the different experimental protocols. We have reported the results of all studies. This assay has become, for years, one of the simplest, fastest, and most cost-effective for assessing genotoxic risk in aquatic environments. However, there are still several factors influencing the variability of the results. Therefore, we have given indications and suggestions to achieve a standardization of experimental procedures and ensure uniformity of future investigations.
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da Silva EB, da Silva Corrêa SA, de Souza Abessa DM, da Silva BFX, Rivero DHRF, Seriani R. Mucociliary transport, differential white blood cells, and cyto-genotoxicity in peripheral erythrocytes in fish from a polluted urban pond. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:2683-2690. [PMID: 29134526 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0729-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the water quality of a polluted pond through the analysis of in vitro mucociliary transport, hematological parameters, and biomarkers of cyto-genotoxicity in the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Blood and mucus samples were collected from ten specimens from the polluted pond and from ten specimens from a control area. The fish were anesthetized with 3% benzocaine, mucus was collected directly from the gills, and blood was drawn from the caudal artery. Blood smears were stained using the May-Grünwald Giemsa process for the differential leukocyte counts and to determine the frequency of leukocytes, thrombocytes, erythroblasts, micronuclei, and nuclear abnormalities. The results revealed low transportability in vitro, a high percentage of monocytes and eosinophils, and increased frequency of leukocytes and nuclear abnormalities in fish from the polluted pond. However, the frequency of thrombocytes and erythroblasts and the percentage of lymphocytes and neutrophils were significantly lower. It is possible to conclude that changes in fish are due to poor water quality and that these non-destructive biomarkers can be used for the biomonitoring of aquatic environments vulnerable to contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edison Bezerra da Silva
- Pós-Graduacão em Ecogestão, Campus Paraíso, Universidade Paulista-UNIP, São Paulo, Brazil
- Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Olavo Fontoura, Prefeitura do Município de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa
- Campus do Litoral Paulista-Núcleo de Estudos em Poluição e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, São Vicente, Brazil
| | | | - Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira Rivero
- Faculdade das Américas-FAM, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório de Investigação Médica LIM05, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, 1°andar, sala 1150, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robson Seriani
- Faculdade das Américas-FAM, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório de Investigação Médica LIM05, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, 1°andar, sala 1150, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Weldetinsae A, Dawit M, Getahun A, Patil HS, Alemayehu E, Gizaw M, Abate M, Abera D. Aneugenicity and clastogenicity in freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus exposed to incipient safe concentration of tannery effluent. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 138:98-104. [PMID: 28024242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Conventional effluent bioassays mostly rely on overt responses or endpoints such as apical and Darwinian fitness. Beyond the empirical observation, laboratory toxicity testing needs to rely on effective detection of prognostic biomarkers such as genotoxicity. Indeed, characterization of tannery effluent requires slotting in of genotoxic responses in whole effluent toxicity testing procedures. Hence, the prime objective of the present experimental investigation is to apply the technique of biological assay as a tool of toxicity testing to evaluate the induction of micronuclei (MN) in peripheral erythrocytes, and exfoliated cells of gill and kidney of O.niloticus exposed to Maximum tolerable concentrations (MTCs) of composite Modjo tannery effluent (CMTE) and to compare the sensitivity of each cells origin to the induction of MN. After 72h of exposure, cellular aberrations were detected using MN and nuclear abnormality (NA) tests. The induction of MN was significantly higher in exposed groups (P<0.05) when compared to the control group; moreover the tissue specific MN response was in the order, gill cells>peripheral erythrocyte>kidney. Total NA was found to increase significantly (P<0.05), when compared to the non-exposed group. NA was also further ramified as blebbed (BL), bi-nucleated (BN), lobbed (LB) and notched (NT) abnormalities. The result of each endpoint measured has demonstrated that at a concentration of total chromium (0.1, 0.73 and 1.27mg/L), a perceptible amount cellular aberration was measured, further implicating somber treat of genotoxicity to fishes, if exposed to water contaminated with tannery effluent. This further highlight that conventional effluent monitoring alone cannot reveal the effects expressed at cellular and genetic levels further demanding the incorporation of effluent bioassays in risk assessment and risk management/abatement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Weldetinsae
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Public Health Research, Ethiopia.
| | - Mekibib Dawit
- Addis Ababa University, Center for Environmental Sciences, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Getahun
- Addis Ababa University, Department of Zoological Sciences, Ethiopia
| | - H S Patil
- Addis Ababa University, Center for Environmental Sciences, Ethiopia
| | | | - Melaku Gizaw
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Public Health Research, Ethiopia
| | - Moa Abate
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Public Health Research, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Abera
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Public Health Research, Ethiopia
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Chaves LCC, Navoni JA, de Morais Ferreira D, Batistuzzo de Medeiros S, Ferreira da Costa T, Petta RA, Souza do Amaral V. Water mutagenic potential assessment on a semiarid aquatic ecosystem under influence of heavy metals and natural radioactivity using micronuclei test. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:7572-7581. [PMID: 26732704 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5993-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of water bodies by heavy metals and ionizing radiation is a critical environmental issue, which can affect water quality and, thus, human health. This study aimed to evaluate the water quality of the Boqueirão de Parelhas Dam in the Brazilian semiarid region. A 1-year study (2013-2014) was performed through the assessment of physicochemical parameters, heavy metal content, and radioactivity along with the mutagenicity potential of water using micronuclei test in Orechromis niloticus (in vivo) and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay in human lymphocytes (in vitro). A deterioration of water organoleptics characteristics by the presence of high levels of sulfate and total solids was observed. High concentrations of aluminum, nickel, silver, and lead along with the alpha particle content were higher than the limits suggested by the World Health Organization and Brazilian legislation for drinking water. An increase in the frequency of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities was observed in both experimental models. The results obtained confirmed the mutagenic potential present in water samples. This study highlights that geogenic agents affect water quality becoming a human health concern to be taken into account due to the relevance that this water reservoir has in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Cláudio Cardozo Chaves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Julio Alejandro Navoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Douglisnilson de Morais Ferreira
- Núcleo de Análises de águas, alimentos e efluentes, Instituto Federal de Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Silvia Batistuzzo de Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Thomas Ferreira da Costa
- Laboratório de Radioatividade Natural (LARANA), Departamento de Geologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Antônio Petta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Laboratório de Geomática e Ciências Ambientais (LAGEOMA), Departamento de Geologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Viviane Souza do Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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Fortes Carvalho Neta RN, Pinheiro Sousa DB, de Macêdo Sobrinho IC, Yarbrough Horton E, da Silva de Almeida Z, Tchaicka L, de Sousa AL. Genotoxic and hematological parameters in Colossoma macropomum (Pisces, Serrasalmidae) as biomarkers for environmental impact assessment in a protected area in northeastern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:15994-16003. [PMID: 26062456 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic and hematological parameters in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), a native freshwater fish, were used as biomarkers to assess exposure to environmental stressors within the Maracanã Protected Area of Maranhão State, Brazil. Fish were sampled at two sites-Serena Lagoon (control) and Ambude River-on four occasions (dry and rainy season), and biometric data (length and weight) recorded and blood collected from all fish for analysis. Erythrocyte indices-mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration-were calculated. Blood samples were stained with Giemsa and acridine orange, and microscopically examined for micronuclei and morphological nuclear abnormalities. Micronuclei were observed in fish from both sites, although the frequency was significantly higher in fish from the Ambude River and morphological nuclear abnormalities were only observed in fish from the Ambude River. More morphological nuclear abnormalities and a larger number of micronuclei were observed in erythrocytes stained with acridine orange compared with those stained with Giemsa. On average, erythrocyte indices were lower in fish from the Ambude River than from the Serena Lagoon. The results confirm that genotoxic and hematological parameters in C. macropomum can be used as indicators of environmental health and could be valuable tools for monitoring environmental conditions within protected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Débora Batista Pinheiro Sousa
- Postgraduate Program of Aquatic Resources and Fishery (PPGRAP/UEMA), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Emily Yarbrough Horton
- Department of Anthropology, Ecological and Environmental, University of Georgia (UGA), Athens, GA, USA
| | - Zafira da Silva de Almeida
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Lígia Tchaicka
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Alana Lislea de Sousa
- Department of Clinical Veterinary, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
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