In Vitro Metabolite Profiling and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa with Red Blood Cell Membrane Stabilization Methods

Exploring the therapeutic potential of Annona reticulata extract: molecular docking, dynamics, and ADMET properties for cancer treatment and anti-inflammatory activity

Colorectal cancer remains a global health challenge, prompting the exploration of natural compounds for treatment. Annona reticulata shows promise as a source of activity biomolecules. This study analyzed the dynamics, molecular docking and ADMET properties of the extract, highlighting interaction with inflammatory protein. Key findings include compounds with binding energies of -9.61 and -9.01 kcal/mol for 5fia and 7cx2 receptors. Simulations over 100 ns assessed RMSD, RMSF, SASA, and H-bonding, confirming stability and favorable ADME/toxicity profiles. These results highlight A. reticulata as a promising candidate for developing anti-inflammatory and anticancer drugs.[Figure: see text].

Unlocking the Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Sourdough: Phytochemical Profile, Functional Investigation, and Molecular Docking Insights into Key Bioactive Compounds

Sourdough, a fermented food product, has garnered increasing interest for its potential health benefits. This study comprehensively evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of sourdough extract in vitro. Phytochemical analysis revealed a significant presence of phenolic compounds (0.276 ± 0.0196 mg GAE/g), and GC/MS analysis identified key bioactive compounds, including glycerin, lactic acid, thymol, phthalic acid, linoleic acid, and caprylic acid. The sourdough extract demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory activity, evidenced by its ability to inhibit protein denaturation (92.27 ± 0.66%), protease activity (26.70 ± 1.36%), and red blood cell hemolysis (22.93 ± 0.73%), suggesting a protective effect against cellular damage and inflammation. Furthermore, the extract exhibited considerable antioxidant capacity, as demonstrated by DPPH (14.29 ± 0.04%), H2O2 (81.61 ± 2.98%), and FRAP (96.26 ± 0.03%) assays. Molecular docking studies provided mechanistic insights into the anti-inflammatory effects, revealing that thymol and phthalic acid, identified in the extract, exhibited strong binding affinities with the IL-1β signaling complex (PDB ID: 4DEP), with binding energies of -6.6 kcal/mol and - 5.5 kcal/mol, respectively. These findings suggest that these compounds may contribute to the modulation of inflammatory pathways. This research highlights the significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of sourdough, suggesting its potential as a functional food for promoting human health. Moreover, it underscores the contribution of specific bioactive compounds to the observed effects, paving the way for further investigation into the therapeutic applications of sourdough.

Chemical and Biological Properties of Different Romanian Populations of Hyssopus officinalis Correlated via Molecular Docking

This study compares three Romanian Hyssopus officinalis species-H. officinalis f. ruber (HOR), H. officinalis f. albus (HOA), and H. officinalis f. cyaneus (HOC)-evaluating their chemical composition and biological activities, specifically protein denaturation, haemolysis inhibition, and antibacterial effects. Chemical profiles were determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The species were cultivated at two distinct locations: the Didactic and Experimental Station DESUSVT and the Agricultural Research and Development Station Lovrin (ARDSL). This study investigates the correlation between chemical composition, biological activities, and local climate data at each site. The results show significant variations in chemical profiles, with species and cultivation location influencing the biological activities. H. officinalis f. albus (HOA) exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. The molecular docking analysis highlighted key compounds, such as cyclohexene,4-isopropenyl-1-methoxymethoxymethyl and elemol, with binding solid affinities to microbial and inflammatory proteins. This study provides valuable insights into the chemical and biological properties of Hyssopus officinalis, emphasising its potential in combating microbial infections, protein denaturation, and haemolysis inhibition.

Attenuation of paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in Ajuga bracteosa extract treated mice

Ajuga bracteosa (Ab) has tremendous medicinal value with long-established disease curing potential. The present study aimed to assess the hepatoprotective potential of Ab extracts in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Group I (normal control) were treated with saline 1 ml/kg BW orally for 7 days while Group II (toxicant control) received saline 1 ml/kg BW for 6 days and Paracetamol (1000 mg/kg BW) on day7of the treatment. Group III received Standard drug silymarin (100 mg/kg BW) for 6 days and Paracetamol (1000 mg/kg BW) on day 7of treatment. Groups IV andV were administered with methanol extract (ME) 200 mg/kg BW and aqueous extract (AE) 1000 mg/kg BW for 6 days and Paracetamol (1000 mg/kg BW) on day 7th of the study. Both extracts showed hepatoprotective potential against the toxic effects of paracetamol, evidenced by serum analysis of biomarkers involved in liver injury and histopathological findings. Hepatotoxic mice pretreated with Ab plant extract or silymarin exhibited significant decrease in ALP, AST, and ALT enzyme level while GSH levels were markedly increased. According to histological observations, groups treated with PCM (toxicant control) showed significant necrosis and lymphocyte infiltration, while groups treated with silymarin and Ajuga bracteosa plant extract showed preservation of the normal liver structural features. The phytochemical analysis of ME and AE of Ab showed the presence of glycosides, phenolic compounds, tannins, fats, saponins, flavonoids, terpenes, oils, and fats. The antioxidant activity of these two extracts was determined by nitric oxide assay, DPPH assay, and ferric reducing power assay. The methanolic extract exhibited the highest antioxidant potential (78.09 ± 0.0806). The antioxidant potential of aqueous extract was 73.08 ± 0.248. The reducing power for methanolic extract and ascorbic acid (standard) 500 μg/ml was 0.933 and 0.987 respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity of both extracts was demonstrated by in vitro methods, namely albumin denaturation, proteinase inhibition, and membrane stabilization assays. The study suggests that Ab extracts have competence for attenuating inflammation, oxidants, and hepatotoxicity.