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Hashim M, Radwan H, Hasan H, Obaid RS, Al Ghazal H, Al Hilali M, Rayess R, Chehayber N, Mohamed HJJ, Naja F. Gestational weight gain and gestational diabetes among Emirati and Arab women in the United Arab Emirates: results from the MISC cohort. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019; 19:463. [PMID: 31795984 PMCID: PMC6892062 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2621-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nutritional status of women during pregnancy has been considered an important prognostic indicator of pregnancy outcomes. Objectives To investigate the pattern of gestational weight gain (GWG) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their risk factors among a cohort of Emirati and Arab women residing in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A secondary objective was to investigate pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and its socio-demographic correlates among study participants. Methods Data of 256 pregnant women participating in the cohort study, the Mother-Infant Study Cohort (MISC) were used in this study. Healthy pregnant mothers with no history of chronic diseases were interviewed during their third trimester in different hospitals in UAE. Data were collected using interviewer-administered multi-component questionnaires addressing maternal sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. Maternal weight, weight gain, and GDM were recorded from the hospital medical records. Results Among the study participants, 71.1% had inadequate GWG: 31.6% insufficient and 39.5% excessive GWG. 19.1% reported having GDM and more than half of the participants (59.4%) had a pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. The findings of the multiple multinomial logistic regression showed that multiparous women had decreased odds of excessive gain as compared to primiparous [odds ratio (OR): 0.17; 95% CI: 0.05–0.54]. Furthermore, women with a pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 had increased odds of excessive gain (OR: 2.23; 95%CI: 1.00–5.10) as compared to those with pre-pregnancy BMI < 25 kg/m2. Similarly, women who had a pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 were at higher risk of having GDM (OR: 2.37; 95%CI: 1.10–5.12). As for the associations of women’s characteristics with pre-pregnancy BMI, age and regular breakfast consumption level were significant predictors of higher pre-pregnancy BMI. Conclusions This study revealed alarming prevalence rates of inadequate, mainly excessive, GWG and GDM among the MISC participants. Pre-pregnancy BMI was found a risk factor for both of these conditions (GWG and GDM). In addition, age and regular breakfast consumption were significant determinants of pre-pregnancy BMI. Healthcare providers are encouraged to counsel pregnant women to maintain normal body weight before and throughout pregnancy by advocating healthy eating and increased physical activity in order to reduce the risk of excessive weight gain and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Hashim
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hadia Radwan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayder Hasan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reyad Shaker Obaid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hessa Al Ghazal
- Family Health Promotion Center, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marwa Al Hilali
- Al Qassimi Hospital, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rana Rayess
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noor Chehayber
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Farah Naja
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Al Haddad A, Ali N, Elbarazi I, Elabadlah H, Al-Maskari F, Narchi H, Brabon C, Ghazal-Aswad S, AlShalabi FM, Zampelas A, Loney T, Blair I, Ahmed LA. Mutaba'ah-Mother and Child Health Study: protocol for a prospective cohort study investigating the maternal and early life determinants of infant, child, adolescent and maternal health in the United Arab Emirates. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e030937. [PMID: 31383713 PMCID: PMC6686999 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early life exposures, particularly environmental and parental lifestyle factors, have a major influence on children's health and development. Due to increasing interest in the early life developmental origins of diseases, many birth cohorts have been established. These studies constitute a repository of data which researchers use over many years to investigate emerging research questions. However, no such databank or cohort study is available in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This project aims to establish a prospective mother and child cohort study in Al Ain (Abu Dhabi, UAE) to investigate the maternal and early life determinants of infant, child, adolescent and maternal health of the Emirati population. METHODS AND ANALYSIS During the period 2017-2021, this study aims to recruit 10 000 pregnancies at approximately 12 weeks of gestation from hospitals and clinics in Al Ain city. For each mother/newborn pair, an initial dataset will be collected including anthropometric, physiological and biochemical measurements, medical interventions, circumstances of pregnancy, delivery details and neonatal and perinatal growth and health using a combination of questionnaires, interviews and medical record extractions. Baseline data will act as the starting point from which the children will be followed up and re-surveyed at intervals throughout their life course until the age of 16 years, to explore how familial, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors interact with genetic and environmental factors to influence health outcomes and achievements later in life. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been granted by the United Arab Emirates University Human Research Ethics Committee and the ethical committees of the participating institutions. Results will be widely disseminated via peer-reviewed manuscripts, conference presentations, media outlets and reports to relevant authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Al Haddad
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nasloon Ali
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Haba Elabadlah
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Al-Maskari
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hassib Narchi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Christel Brabon
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Oasis Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saad Ghazal-Aswad
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Antonis Zampelas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Tom Loney
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iain Blair
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Luai A Ahmed
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Ethnicity has long been described as a major risk factor for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and it is widely recognised that women from ethnicities other than Europids are at higher risk of developing GDM. There are also described differences between ethnicities in key GDM pregnancy outcomes. This review describes some of the factors that relate to the ethnic disparities in GDM. RECENT FINDINGS The global prevalence of GDM has been steadily increasing and estimated to be 16.2% from the International Diabetes Federation extrapolation. Reported prevalence rates may understate the true prevalence, due to factors of access and attitudes to GDM diagnosis and screening in low resource settings for foreign-born women and indigenous populations. Other factors may relate to genes associated with specific ethnicities, obesity, body composition and gestational weight gain. Various factors such as access to screening, body composition, genetics and gestational weight gain may result in ethnic disparities in the prevalence and outcomes of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yuen
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Vincent W Wong
- Diabetes and Endocrine Service, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - David Simmons
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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